von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is an inherited syndrome manifesting with benign and malignant tumors. Deficiency of carnitine palmitoyltransferase type II (CPT2) is a disorder of lipid metabolism that, in the muscle form, manifests with recurrent attacks of myalgias often associated with myoglobinuria. Rhabdomyolytic episodes may be complicated by life-threatening events, including acute renal failure (ARF). We report on a male patient who was tested, at 10 years of age, for VHL disease because of family history of VHL. He was diagnosed with VHL but without VHL-related manifestation at the time of diagnosis. During childhood, the patient was hospitalized several times for diffuse muscular pain, muscle weakness, and dark urine. These recurrent attacks of rhabdomyolysis were never accompanied by ARF. The patient was found to be homozygous for the mutation p.S113L of the CPT2 gene. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the coexistence of VHL disease and CPT2 deficiency in the same individual. Based on findings from animal models, the case illustrates that mutations in the VHL gene might protect against renal damage caused by CPT2 gene mutations.
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Von Hippel-Lindau(VHL) disease is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by development of different tumors in diverse organs, including hemangioblastoma of the central nervous system, renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and pancreatic tumors. The gene responsible for this disease, the VHL gene, was recently cloned and germline mutations of this gene identified in patients with VHL. Using polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-single strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP) analysis followed by DNA sequencing, we were able to identify germline mutations of the VHL gene in two unrelated Korean patients exhibiting typical clinical features of the VHL disease. The mutations identified were 2 base pair deletion at codon l79 in one patient, and a missense mutation at codon 190 in the other. Identification of the germline mutation in VHL gene aids in the accurate presymptomatic diagnosis of the at-risk family members of these patients.