Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation of Participants in the National Lung Cancer Screening Program in Korea: Na-Young Yoon, Minji Seo, Nayoung Lee, Yeol Kim; Received July 16, 2024 Accepted January 10, 2025 Published online January 10, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.653 [Accepted]

Abstract PDF: Purpose
Smoking cessation interventions for participants in lung cancer screening are essential for increasing the effectiveness of screening to reduce lung cancer mortality. This study aimed to investigate the factors that lead to smoking cessation after lung cancer screening.
Materials and Methods
The Korean National Lung Cancer Screening (KNLCS) Satisfaction Survey was conducted from 2021 to 2022 with 1,000 samples per year among participants in KNLCS targets 30 or more pack-year smokers. Factors associated with smoking cessation were analyzed based on the survey.
Results
Among 1,525 current smokers in the survey participants, 728 (47.7%) received screening result counseling from physician after screening and showed significantly higher smoking cessation rate than non-counselling participants [OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.27–3.70]. The participants who considered the counseling helpful were more likely to quit smoking [OR 3.53, 95% CI 2.00–6.22] and to reduce smoking amount [OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.54–2.71]. Similarly, those who received physicians’ active recommendations to quit smoking were likely to quit smoking [OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.25–3.87] and to decrease smoking amount [OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.00-1.68]. In contrast, participants who had no abnormal findings from screening tended to have no significant change in smoking status despite the physicians’ active recommendations to quit smoking.
Conclusion
Physicians’ active recommendations and effective counseling to quit smoking could be a key factor in increasing smoking cessation among lung cancer screening participants. Further research should be conducted to develop more effective strategies for smoking cessation to participants without abnormal findings in lung cancer screening.

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Determinants of Prostate Cancer Screening in Korean Men: A Nationwide Study Using the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey 2023: Giap Viet Nguyen, Kyeongmin Lee, Hyeon Ji Lee, EunKyo Kang, Mina Suh, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi; Received September 8, 2024 Accepted October 28, 2024 Published online October 29, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.879 [Accepted]

Abstract PDF: Purpose
Research on the prevalence of prostate cancer (PCa) screening and reasons for undergoing screening is limited. We aimed to identify the factors influencing PCa screening behavior and explore the underlying motivations among Korean men.
Materials and Methods
This cross-sectional study used data from the 2023 Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, which employs a nationally representative random sampling method. This study included 1,784 men aged 40-74 years. The respondents reported their experiences with PCa screening. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors associated with participation in PCa screening.
Results
The lifetime PCa screening rate was 18.6%. Among screening modalities, transrectal ultrasonography was the most frequently used (31.9%), followed by prostate-specific antigen tests (25.6%) and digital rectal examinations (21.5%). The multivariable analysis identified several factors that significantly increased the likelihood of screening participation, including older age, living with a spouse, poor self-reported health, and abstinence from alcohol consumption in the previous 12 months. Men who had undergone colorectal cancer screening were more likely to participate in PCa screening (adjusted odds ratio, 4.01; 95% confidence interval, 2.03–7.93) than those who had not. The primary motivations for screening were recommendations from family or social networks (31.9%) and inclusion in health examination packages (24.3%), whereas healthcare provider recommendations (18%) and symptomatic concerns (5.7%) were the least influential.
Conclusion
Our findings highlight the importance of providing evidence-based information for PCa screening recommendations and the need for improved communication and implementation of a shared decision-making approach for PCa screening in Korea.

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Special Article

Trends in Cancer-Screening Rates in Korea: Findings from the National Cancer Screening Survey, 2004-2023: EunKyo Kang, Kui Son Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Yeol Kim, Hyeon Ji Lee, Chang Kyun Choi, Tae Hee Kim, Sun Hwa Lee, Mina Suh; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(1):28-38. Published online August 2, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.325

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
This study aimed to report the overall national trends in the rates of cancer screening based on recommendations and provide insights into the changing trends of these rates across different demographics.
Materials and Methods
This study used data from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS), which surveys nationwide cancer-screening rates and includes 4,500 individuals meeting the Korean National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) protocol age criteria. Cancer-screening rates were assessed using structured questionnaires; yearly trends were analyzed for both lifetime cancer-screening rates and rates of screening based on recommendations, and subgroup analyses were performed based on age and sex.
Results
The rates of cancer screening based on recommendations showed significant increments: the stomach cancer-screening rate increased from 39.2% in 2004 to 77.5% in 2023 (3.50% per year), the liver cancer-screening rate increased from 20.0% to 48.8% (4.30% per year), and the colorectal cancer, increased from 19.9% to 70.7% (5.15% per year). The breast cancer-screening rate increased from 33.2% to 72.7% (2.88% per year), and the cervical cancer, increased from 58.3% to 70.2% (1.08% per year). Despite some differences, particularly in relation to sociodemographic factors, screening rates increased significantly for all cancer types.
Conclusion
Cancer-screening rates in Korea increased consistently from 2004 to 2023, demonstrating the effectiveness of the national cancer-screening program. However, the increments in breast, cervical and lung cancer-screening rates were relatively lower, indicating the need for additional efforts and strategies.

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Original Articles

Gastrointestinal cancer

Association between Endoscopist Volume and Interval Cancers after Colonoscopy: Results from the National Colorectal Cancer Screening Program in Korea: Dong Jun Kim, Nan-He Yoon, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh, Sunhwa Lee, Seongju Kim, Ji Eun Kim, Hooyeon Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(4):1164-1170. Published online April 16, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.009

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
The rate of interval colorectal cancer (iCRC) is now accepted as a key performance indicator of organized colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs. We aimed to examine the association between endoscopist volumes and the rate of iCRC among individuals with a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) within a nationwide population-based CRC screening program.
Materials and Methods
Individuals aged ≥ 50 years who underwent colonoscopy after a positive FIT from January 1, 2019 until December 31, 2020 in the Korean National Cancer Screening Program (KNCSP) were enrolled. We converted the data into per-endoscopist screening results, calculated the iCRC rates per endoscopist, and compared them to the previous year’s annual volume that was divided into five groups (V1, 1-9; V2, 10-29; V3, 30-59; V4, 60-119; V5, ≥ 120).
Results
A total of 10,412 endoscopists performed 216,907 colonoscopies. Overall, the average rate of iCRC per endoscopist was 8.46 per 1,000 examinations. Compared with the group with the highest volume (V5 group), the rate of iCRC was 2.21 times higher in the V1 group. Similar trends were observed in the other groups (V2: relative risks [RR], 2.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.57 to 2.94; V3: RR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.15 to 2.13; V4: RR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.67).
Conclusion
The findings emphasize that endoscopists with lower procedure volumes have higher risks of interval cancer being missed or undetected. To maximize the preventative impact of colonoscopy for CRC, this issue should be addressed by monitoring endoscopist volumes and variations in performances.

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Breast cancer

Temporal Trend in Uptake of the National General Health Checkups and Cancer Screening Program among Korean Women with Breast Cancer: Thi Xuan Mai Tran, Soyeoun Kim, Chihwan Cha, Boyoung Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):522-530. Published online October 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.729

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study assessed the temporal trends of uptake of national general health and cancer screening among women with breast cancer in Korea between 2009 and 2016.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the claims data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Participants included 101,403 breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2009 and 2016. Information on participation in national screening programs, including breast cancer screening, general health, and gastric, colorectal, and cervical cancers, up to 2020 was collected. Screening participation rates within the first 2 and 5 years postdiagnosis were calculated by diagnosis year and fitted with joinpoint regression models to assess temporal trends.
Results
Overall, the participation rate in breast cancer screening within 2 years postdiagnosis increased from 10.9% to 14.0% from 2009-2016, with an annual percentage change (APC) of 3.7% (p < 0.05). The participation rate in breast cancer screening was lower than that in general health checkup and screening for other cancers within 2 and 5 years postdiagnosis. A steady increase in screening trends was also observed for general health, gastric, colorectal, and cervical cancers, with APC of 5.3%, 5.7%, 6.9%, and 7.6% in the 2-year postdiagnosis rate, and APC of 3.6%, 3.7%, 3.7%, and 4.4% in 5-year postdiagnosis rate, respectively. The screening rate was highest among age groups 50-59 and 60-69 in 2009 and significant upward trends were observed in all age groups for general health checkup and gastric, colorectal, and cervical cancer screening.
Conclusion
Among female breast cancer survivors in Korea, the uptake rate of screenings for general health and various cancers, including breast, gastric, colorectal, and cervical cancers, has shown a gradual increase in recent years.

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Identifying potential medical aid beneficiaries using machine learning: A Korean Nationwide cohort study
Junmo Kim, Su Hyun Park, Hyesu Lee, Su Kyoung Lee, Jihye Kim, Suhyun Kim, Yong Jin Kwon, Kwangsoo Kim
International Journal of Medical Informatics.2025; 195: 105775. CrossRef
Screening Adherence for Second Primary Malignancies in Breast Cancer Survivors: Behaviors, Facilitators, and Barriers to Enhance Quality Care
Fernanda Mesa-Chavez, Misael Salazar-Alejo, Cynthia Villarreal-Garza
Seminars in Oncology.2024; 51(5-6): 156. CrossRef

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Lung and Thoracic cancer

Strategies to Improve Smoking Cessation for Participants in Lung Cancer Screening Program: Analysis of Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation in Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS): Yeol Kim, Jaeho Lee, Eunju Lee, Juntae Lim, Yonghyun Kim, Choon-Taek Lee, Seung Hun Jang, Yu-Jin Paek, Won-Chul Lee, Chan Wha Lee, Hyae Young Kim, Jin Mo Goo, Kui Son Choi, Boyoung Park, Duk Hyoung Lee, Hong Gwan Seo; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):92-103. Published online August 7, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1598

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Smoking cessation intervention is one of the key components of successful lung cancer screening program. We investigated the effectiveness and related factors of smoking cessation services provided to the participants in a population-based lung cancer screening trial.
Materials and Methods
The Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS) is a nationwide, multi-center lung cancer screening trial that evaluates the feasibility of implementing population-based lung cancer screening. All 5,144 current smokers who participated in the K-LUCAS received a mandatory smoking cessation counseling. Changes in smoking status were followed up using a telephone survey in 6 months after lung cancer screening participation. The lung cancer screening’s impact on smoking cessation is analyzed by variations in the smoking cessation interventions provided in screening units.
Results
Among 4,136 survey responders, participant’s motivation to quit smoking increased by 9.4% on average after lung cancer screening. After 6 months from the initial screening, 24.3% of participants stopped smoking, and 10.6% of participants had not smoked continuously for at least 6 months after screening. Over 80% of quitters stated that participation in lung cancer screening motivated them to quit smoking. Low-cost public smoking cessation program combined with lung cancer screening increased the abstinence rates. The smokers were three times more likely to quit smoking when the smoking cessation counseling was provided simultaneously with low-dose computed tomography screening results than when provided separately.
Conclusion
A mandatory smoking cessation intervention integrated with screening result counselling by a physician after participation in lung cancer screening could be effective for increasing smoking cessation attempts.

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p53 Genetics and Biology in Lung Carcinomas: Insights, Implications and Clinical Applications
Dixan A. Benitez, Guadalupe Cumplido-Laso, Marcos Olivera-Gómez, Nuria Del Valle-Del Pino, Alba Díaz-Pizarro, Sonia Mulero-Navarro, Angel Román-García, Jose Maria Carvajal-Gonzalez
Biomedicines.2024; 12(7): 1453. CrossRef
Problems and Alternatives for Korea National Lung Cancer Screening Program for Smoking Cessation: Analysis of a Survey Involving Experts
Cheol Min Lee, Sil Vi Han Park, Jinri Kim, Bumjo Oh, Kiheon Lee, Yeol Kim, Yu-Jin Paek
Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.2024; 15(2): 49. CrossRef
The pros and cons of lung cancer screening
Roberta Eufrasia Ledda, Georg-Christian Funk, Nicola Sverzellati
European Radiology.2024; 35(1): 267. CrossRef
Effective Smoking Cessation Counseling for Participants in a Lung Cancer Screening
Choon-Young Kim, Yeol Kim, Cheol Min Lee
Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.2024; 15(3): 88. CrossRef

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4 Crossref

Gastrointestinal cancer

Colonoscopic Screening and Risk of All-Cause and Colorectal Cancer Mortality in Young and Older Individuals: Jung Ah Lee, Yoosoo Chang, Yejin Kim, Dong-Il Park, Soo-Kyung Park, Hye Yin Park, Jaewoo Koh, Soo-Jin Lee, Seungho Ryu; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):618-625. Published online September 19, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.852

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) and associated mortality have been increasing. However, the potential benefits of CRC screening are largely unknown in young individuals. We aimed to evaluate the effect of CRC screening with colonoscopy on all-cause and CRC mortality among young (aged < 45 years) and older (aged ≥ 45 years) individuals.
Materials and Methods
This cohort study included 528,046 Korean adults free of cancer at baseline who underwent a comprehensive health examination. The colonoscopic screening group was defined as those who reported undergoing colonoscopy for CRC screening. Mortality follow-up until December 31, 2019 was ascertained based on nationwide death certificate data from the Korea National Statistical Office.
Results
Colonoscopic screening was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in both young and older individuals. Multivariable-adjusted time-dependent hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for all-cause mortality comparing ever- to never-screening were 0.86 (0.75-0.99) for young individuals and 0.71 (0.65-0.78) for older individuals. Colonoscopic screenings were also associated with a reduced risk of CRC mortality without significant interaction by age, although this association was significant only among participants aged ≥ 45 years, with corresponding time-dependent hazard ratios of 0.47 (0.15-1.44) for young individuals and 0.52 (0.31-0.87) for those aged ≥ 45 years.
Conclusion
Colonoscopic CRC screening decreased all-cause mortality among both young and older individuals, while significantly decreased CRC mortality was observed only in those aged ≥ 45 years. Screening initiation at an earlier age warrants more rigorous confirmatory studies.

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Effect of screening mammography on the risk of breast cancer deaths and of all-cause deaths: a systematic review with meta-analysis of cohort studies
Philippe Autier, Karsten Juhl Jørgensen, Michel Smans, Henrik Støvring
Journal of Clinical Epidemiology.2024; 172: 111426. CrossRef
Identifying Gaps in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Prevention, Screening, and Treatment in the Philippines
Luis Miguel B. Co, Robyn Gayle K. Dychiao, Michael Paolo R. Capistrano, Manolito T. Tayag, Erika P. Ong, Frances Dominique V. Ho, Michelle Ann B. Eala, Henri Cartier Co, Edward Christopher Dee, Marie Dione P. Sacdalan, Dennis L. Sacdalan
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2024; 31(12): 7685. CrossRef
Association between colonoscopy and colorectal cancer occurrence and mortality in the older population: a population-based cohort study
Ji Young Lee, Jae Myung Cha, Jin Young Yoon, Min Seob Kwak, Hun Hee Lee
Endoscopy.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Rising incidence and impact of early‐onset colorectal cancer in the Asia‐Pacific with higher mortality in females from Southeast Asia: a global burden analysis from 2010 to 2019
Pojsakorn Danpanichkul, Pinyada Moolkaew, Yatawee Kanjanakot, Natchaya Polpichai, Aunchalee Jaroenlapnopparat, Donghee Kim, Frank J. Lukens, Wahid Wassef, Michael B. Fallon, Vincent L. Chen, Rashid Lui, Karn Wijarnpreecha
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2023; 38(12): 2053. CrossRef

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Breast cancer

Estimating Age-Specific Mean Sojourn Time of Breast Cancer and Sensitivity of Mammographic Screening by Breast Density among Korean Women: Eunji Choi, Mina Suh, So-Youn Jung, Kyu-Won Jung, Sohee Park, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(1):136-144. Published online April 4, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.962

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
High breast cancer incidence and dense breast prevalence among women in forties are specific to Asian. This study examined the natural history of breast cancer among Korean women.
Materials and Methods
We applied a three-state Markov model (i.e., healthy, preclinical, and clinical state) to fit the natural history of breast cancer to data in the Korean National Cancer Screening Program. Breast cancer was ascertained by linkage to the Korean Central Cancer Registry. Disease-progression rates (i.e., transition rates between three states), mean sojourn time (MST) and mammographic sensitivity were estimated across 10-year age groups and levels of breast density determined by the Breast Imaging, Reporting and Data System.
Results
Overall prevalence of dense breast was 53.9%. Transition rate from healthy to preclinical state, indicating the preclinical incidence of breast cancer, was higher among women in forties (0.0019; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.0017 to 0.0021) and fifties (0.0020; 95% CI, 0.0017 to 0.0022), than women in sixties (0.0014; 95% CI, 0.0012 to 0.0017). The MSTs, in which the tumor is asymptomatic but detectable by screening, were also fastest among younger age groups, estimated as 1.98 years (95% CI, 1.67 to 2.33), 2.49 years (95% CI, 1.92 to 3.22), and 3.07 years (95% CI, 2.11 to 4.46) for women in forties, fifties, and sixties, respectively. Having dense breasts increased the likelihood of the preclinical cancer risk (1.96 to 2.35 times) and decreased the duration of MST (1.53 to 2.02 times).
Conclusion
This study estimated Korean-specific natural history parameters of breast cancer that would be utilized for establishing optimal screening strategies in countries with higher dense breast prevalence.

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Lead-Time Corrected Effect on Breast Cancer Survival in Germany by Mode of Detection
Laura Schumann, Moritz Hadwiger, Nora Eisemann, Alexander Katalinic
Cancers.2024; 16(7): 1326. CrossRef
Estimating sojourn time and sensitivity of screening for ovarian cancer using a Bayesian framework
Sayaka Ishizawa, Jiangong Niu, Martin C Tammemagi, Ehsan Irajizad, Yu Shen, Karen H Lu, Larissa A Meyer, Iakovos Toumazis
JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute.2024; 116(11): 1798. CrossRef
Concordant and discordant breast density patterns by different approaches for assessing breast density and breast cancer risk
Yoosun Cho, Eun Kyung Park, Yoosoo Chang, Mi-ri Kwon, Eun Young Kim, Minjeong Kim, Boyoung Park, Sanghyup Lee, Han Eol Jeong, Ki Hwan Kim, Tae Soo Kim, Hyeonsoo Lee, Ria Kwon, Ga-Young Lim, JunHyeok Choi, Shin Ho Kook, Seungho Ryu
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Gastrointestinal cancer

Universal Screening for Lynch Syndrome Compared with Pedigree-Based Screening: 10-Year Experience in a Tertiary Hospital: Min Hyun Kim, Duck-Woo Kim, Hye Seung Lee, Su Kyung Bang, Soo Hyun Seo, Kyung Un Park, Heung-Kwon Oh, Sung-Bum Kang; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(1):179-188. Published online March 21, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1512

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Universal screening for Lynch syndrome (LS) refers to routine tumor testing for microsatellite instability (MSI) among all patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite its widespread adoption, real-world data on the yield is lacking in Korean population. We studied the yield of adopting universal screening for LS in comparison with pedigree-based screening in a tertiary center.
Materials and Methods
CRC patients from 2007-2018 were reviewed. Family histories were obtained and were evaluated for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) using Amsterdam II criteria. Tumor testing for MSI began in 2007 and genetic testing was offered using all available clinicopathologic data. Yield of genetic testing for LS was compared for each approach and step.
Results
Of the 5,520 patients, tumor testing was performed in 4,701 patients (85.2%) and family histories were obtained from 4,241 patients (76.8%). Hereditary CRC (LS or HNPCC) was present in 69 patients (1.3%). MSI-high was present in 6.9%, and 25 patients had confirmed LS. Genetic testing was performed in 41.2% (47/114) of MSI-high patients, out of which 40.4% (19/47) were diagnosed with LS. There were six additional LS patients found outside of tumor testing. For pedigree-based screening, Amsterdam II criteria diagnosed 55 patients with HNPCC. Fifteen of these patients underwent genetic testing, and 11 (73.3%) were diagnosed with LS. Two patients without prior family history were diagnosed with LS and relied solely on tumor testing results.
Conclusion
Despite widespread adoption of routine tumor testing for MSI, this is not a fail-safe approach to screen all LS patients. Obtaining a thorough family history in combination with universal screening provides a more comprehensive ‘universal’ screening method for LS.

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Colon cancer: the 2023 Korean clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis and treatment
Hyo Seon Ryu, Hyun Jung Kim, Woong Bae Ji, Byung Chang Kim, Ji Hun Kim, Sung Kyung Moon, Sung Il Kang, Han Deok Kwak, Eun Sun Kim, Chang Hyun Kim, Tae Hyung Kim, Gyoung Tae Noh, Byung-Soo Park, Hyeung-Min Park, Jeong Mo Bae, Jung Hoon Bae, Ni Eun Seo, Cha
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(2): 89. CrossRef
Hereditary Colorectal Cancer: From Diagnosis to Surgical Options
Rami James N. Aoun, Matthew F. Kalady
Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Universal screening of colorectal tumors for lynch syndrome: a survey of patient experiences and opinions
Alexander T. Petterson, Jennifer Garbarini, Maria J. Baker
Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Genetic Testing for Prostate Cancer, Urothelial Cancer, and Kidney Cancer
Hyunho Han, Minyong Kang, Seok-Soo Byun, Seok Joong Yun
Journal of Urologic Oncology.2023; 21(2): 128. CrossRef
Diagnosis of patients with Lynch syndrome lacking the Amsterdam II or Bethesda criteria
Miguel Angel Trujillo-Rojas, María de la Luz Ayala-Madrigal, Melva Gutiérrez-Angulo, Anahí González-Mercado, José Miguel Moreno-Ortiz
Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Hereditary Colorectal Cancer: State of the Art in Lynch Syndrome
Antonio Nolano, Alessia Medugno, Silvia Trombetti, Raffaella Liccardo, Marina De Rosa, Paola Izzo, Francesca Duraturo
Cancers.2022; 15(1): 75. CrossRef

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Head and Neck cancer

Effect of National Oral Health Screening Program on the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Korean National Population-Based Study: Chan Woo Wee, Hyo-Jung Lee, Jae-Ryun Lee, Hyejin Lee, Min-Jeong Kwoen, Woo-Jin Jeong, Keun-Yong Eom; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):709-718. Published online October 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.834

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Poor oral health is associated with head and neck cancer (HNC). We evaluated whether a national oral health screening program (OHSP) could reduce the risk of HNC.
Materials and Methods
Data from 408,247 healthy individuals aged ≥ 40 years from the National Health Insurance System-National Health Screening program during 2003 and 2004 in Korea were analyzed. The risk of HNC was compared between subjects who underwent OHSP (HEALS-Dental+, n=165,292) and routine health check-ups only (HEALS-Dental‒, n=242,955). The impact of individual oral health-related factors on HNC risk was evaluated in HEALS-Dental+.
Results
A total of 1,650 HNC cases were diagnosed. The 10-year HNC-free rate was 99.684% with a median follow-up of 11 years. The risk of all HNC (hazard ratio [HR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 1.29; p=0.011) and oropharyngeal cancer (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.94; p=0.005) was significantly higher in HEALS-Dental‒ than in HEALS-Dental+. In HEALS-Dental+, oral cavity cancer was marginally reduced (p=0.085), and missing teeth was a significant factor for HNC (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.50; p=0.032). Toothbrushing was a significant factor in univariate analysis (p=0.028), but not in multivariate analysis (p=0.877).
Conclusion
The National OHSP significantly reduced the long-term HNC risk, particularly the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer. Routine OHSP should be considered at the population level.

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Gold Nanoparticles Enhance the Tumor Growth-Suppressing Effects of Cetuximab and Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo
Takumi Sato, Yasumasa Kakei, Takumi Hasegawa, Masahiko Kashin, Shun Teraoka, Akinobu Yamaguchi, Ryohei Sasaki, Masaya Akashi
Cancers.2023; 15(23): 5697. CrossRef

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Gastrointestinal cancer

Trends in the Performance of the Korean National Cancer Screening Program for Gastric Cancer from 2007 to 2016: Ji Eun Ryu, Eunji Choi, Kyeongmin Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh, Kyu Won Jung, Kui Son Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):842-849. Published online September 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.482

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The Korean National Cancer Screening Program (KNCSP) has implemented two screening methods for gastric cancer—upper gastrointestinal series (UGIS) and endoscopy—for Koreans aged ≥40 years. We aimed to assess performance trends for both screening methods.
Materials and Methods
The KNCSP database was used to evaluate individuals who underwent screening from 2007 to 2016. The final gastric cancer diagnosis was ascertained by linking with the Korean Central Cancer Registry. We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional analysis to estimate performance indicators of gastric cancer screening by UGIS and endoscopy, stratified by sociodemographic factors.
Results
We found that screening rates for gastric cancer increased from 28% to 51.7% between 2007 and 2016, and that the rate of endoscopy use for gastric cancer screening increased sharply. Cancer detection rates (CDR) of UGIS and endoscopy were 0.41 and 2.25 per 1,000 screens in 2007–2008 and 0.26 and 1.99 in 2015–2016, respectively. Interval cancer rates (ICR) per 1,000 negative screenings were 1.33 (2007–2008) and 1.21 (2015–2016) for UGIS and 1.14 (2007–2008) and 0.88 (2015–2016) for endoscopy. The sensitivity of UGIS decreased from 23.6% (2007–2008) to 17.6% (2015–2016), whereas that of endoscopy increased from 66.4% (2007–2008) to 69.3% (2015–2016). Specificity was maintained at >99% for both methods over the study period.
Conclusion
The use of endoscopy for gastric cancer screening within the KNCSP has increased. Endoscopy has higher CDR, sensitivity, and specificity, and lower ICR estimates than does UGIS.

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Cost Utility Analysis of National Cancer Screening Program for Gastric Cancer in Korea: A Markov Model Analysis
Seowoo Bae, Hyewon Lee, Eun Young Her, Kyeongmin Lee, Joon Sung Kim, Jeonghoon Ahn, Il Ju Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi, Mina Suh
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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In-Ho Kim, Seung Joo Kang, Wonyoung Choi, An Na Seo, Bang Wool Eom, Beodeul Kang, Bum Jun Kim, Byung-Hoon Min, Chung Hyun Tae, Chang In Choi, Choong-kun Lee, Ho Jung An, Hwa Kyung Byun, Hyeon-Su Im, Hyung-Don Kim, Jang Ho Cho, Kyoungjune Pak, Jae-Joon Kim
Journal of Gastric Cancer.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Barriers to upper gastrointestinal screening among the general population in high-prevalence areas: a cross-sectional study
Xin Chen, Yuan Ze, Wanya Yi, Yuling Yang, Renjuan Sun, Huiming Tu
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Jun‐Hyung Cho, So‐Young Jin, Suyeon Park
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2024; 39(5): 942. CrossRef
Family history and gastric cancer incidence and mortality in Asia: a pooled analysis of more than half a million participants
Dan Huang, Minkyo Song, Sarah Krull Abe, Md. Shafiur Rahman, Md. Rashedul Islam, Eiko Saito, Katherine De la Torre, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Xiao-Ou Shu, Hui Cai, Atsushi Hozawa, Seiki Kanemura, Jeongseon Kim, Yu Chen, Hidemi Ito, Yumi Sugawara, Sue
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Estimating Age-Specific Mean Sojourn Time of Breast Cancer and Sensitivity of Mammographic Screening by Breast Density among Korean Women
Eunji Choi, Mina Suh, So-Youn Jung, Kyu-Won Jung, Sohee Park, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi
Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(1): 136. CrossRef
Early Gastric Cancer: Update on Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment
Clara Benedetta Conti, Stefano Agnesi, Miki Scaravaglio, Pietro Masseria, Marco Emilio Dinelli, Massimo Oldani, Fabio Uggeri
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(3): 2149. CrossRef
Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2022: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach
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Risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer and death in persons with negative screening results: results from the National Cancer Screening Program in South Korea
Xuan Quy Luu, Kyeongmin Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh, Kyu-Won Jung, Il Ju Choi, Kui Son Choi
Gastric Cancer.2023; 26(4): 580. CrossRef
Descriptive Analysis of Gastric Cancer Mortality in Korea, 2000-2020
Tung Hoang, Hyeongtaek Woo, Sooyoung Cho, Jeeyoo Lee, Sayada Zartasha Kazmi, Aesun Shin
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Helicobacter pylori infection
Peter Malfertheiner, M. Constanza Camargo, Emad El-Omar, Jyh-Ming Liou, Richard Peek, Christian Schulz, Stella I. Smith, Sebastian Suerbaum
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Jae Yong Park, Mi-Sook Kim, Beom Jin Kim, Jae Gyu Kim
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
How to Improve the Efficacy of Gastric Cancer Screening?
Wladyslaw Januszewicz, Maryla Helena Turkot, Jaroslaw Regula
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Hiroyuki Hisada, Yoshiki Sakaguchi, Kaori Oshio, Satoru Mizutani, Hideki Nakagawa, Junichi Sato, Dai Kubota, Miho Obata, Rina Cho, Sayaka Nagao, Yuko Miura, Hiroya Mizutani, Daisuke Ohki, Seiichi Yakabi, Yu Takahashi, Naomi Kakushima, Yosuke Tsuji, Nobuta
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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Gastric Cancer Screening in South Korea: Results From the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (2017–2021)
Kyeongmin Lee, Mina Suh, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi
Journal of Gastric Cancer.2022; 22(4): 297. CrossRef
Status of Endoscopic Screening Strategies for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer
Bin Lyu, Xiao-Liang Jin
Cancer Screening and Prevention.2022; 000(000): 000. CrossRef

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21 Crossref

Lung and Thoracic cancer

Cost Utility Analysis of a Pilot Study for the Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project: Juyoung Kim, Bogeum Cho, Seon-Ha Kim, Chang-Min Choi, Yeol Kim, Min-Woo Jo; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):728-736. Published online September 24, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.480

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost utility of a pilot study of Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project.
Materials and Methods
We constructed a Markov model consisting of 26 states based on the natural history of lung cancer according to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results summary stage (localized, regional, distant). In the base case, people aged 55-74 years were under consideration for annual screening. Costs and quality-adjusted life years were simulated to calculate the incremental cost utility ratio. Sensitivity analyses were performed on the uncertainty associated with screening target ages, stage distribution, cost, utility, mortality, screening duration, and discount rate.
Results
The base case (US$25,383 per quality-adjusted life year gained) was cost-effective compared to the scenario of no screening and acceptable considering a willingness-to-pay threshold of US$27,000 per quality-adjusted life years gained. In terms of the target age of screening, the age between 60 and 74 years was the most cost-effective. Lung cancer screening was still cost-effective in the sensitivity analyses on the cost for treatment, utility, mortality, screening duration, and less than 5% discount rates, although the result was sensitive to a rise in positive rates or variation of stage distribution.
Conclusion
Our results showed the cost-effectiveness of annual low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer in high-risk populations.

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Quantitative risk factor analysis of prior disease condition and socioeconomic status with the multiple myeloma development: nationwide cohort study
Suein Choi, Eunjin Kim, Jinhee Jung, Sung-Soo Park, Chang-Ki Min, Seunghoon Han
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Survival of lung cancer patients according to screening eligibility using Korean Lung Cancer Registry 2014–2016
Sangwon Lee, Eun Hye Park, Bo Yun Jang, Ye Ji Kang, Kyu-Won Jung, Hyo Soung Cha, Kui Son Choi
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Risk Factor-Based Lung Cancer Screening Program by Low-Dose Computer Tomography in Current Smokers in China
Tiantian Zhang, Xudong Chen, Caichen Li, Xiaoqin Wen, Tengfei Lin, Jiaxing Huang, Jianxing He, Nanshan Zhong, Jie Jiang, Wenhua Liang
Cancers.2023; 15(18): 4445. CrossRef
Applying utility values in cost-effectiveness analyses of lung cancer screening: a review of methods
Preston J. Ngo, Sonya Cressman, Silvia Behar-Harpaz, Deme J. Karikios, Karen Canfell, Marianne F. Weber
Lung Cancer.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Cost-Effectiveness Analyses of Lung Cancer Screening Using Low-Dose Computed Tomography: A Systematic Review Assessing Strategy Comparison and Risk Stratification
Matthew Fabbro, Kirah Hahn, Olivia Novaes, Mícheál Ó’Grálaigh, James F. O’Mahony
PharmacoEconomics - Open.2022; 6(6): 773. CrossRef

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5 Crossref

Gynecologic cancer

Cervical Cancer Screening Rate and Willingness among Female Migrants in Shenzhen, China: Three-Year Changes in Citywide Surveys: Wei Lin, Bin Chen, Bo Wu, Shixin Yuan, Chuyan Zhong, Weikang Huang, Haiyan Hu, Zhihua Liu, Yueyun Wang; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(1):212-222. Published online September 1, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.219

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study attempted to detect the changes of cervical cancer screening rate and willingness among female migrants, and the associated socio-demographic factors in Shenzhen city.
Materials and Methods
Two citywide surveys were conducted using a multistage random cluster sampling method in 2011 and 2014, respectively. Data on demographic characteristics, screening participation, and willingness to screen were collected. Logistic regression models were applied to detect possible associated socio-demographic characteristics, and their variations with survey years.
Results
In total, 12,017 female migrants were enrolled, with a mean age (standard deviation) of 36.73 (6.55) years. From 2011 to 2014, the screening rate increased (25.8% vs. 35.1%, p < 0.001), while the willingness to screen remained stable (82.2% vs. 82.8%, p=0.46). Overall, socio-demographic characteristics of female migrants, including age, marital status, education, monthly income, employment, and medical insurance, were found to be positively associated with screening participation. Similar impacts in relation to willingness were observed except for age. However, these associations varied with survey years, mainly in the contributions of education and monthly income to screening participation, as well as age, monthly income, and medical insurance to willingness of being screened.
Conclusion
Identifying changes of associated socio-demographic factors precisely is warranted of necessity, which provides novel clues to adjust targeted actions regularly in promoting cervical cancer screening participation among female migrants in Shenzhen.

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Using planned behavior theory to understand cervical cancer screening intentions in Chinese women
Tingting Xin, Yuting Jiang, Chunting Li, Xian Ding, Zhu Zhu, Xiao Chen
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Associations between the signing status of family doctor contract services and cervical cancer screening behaviors: a cross-sectional study in Shenzhen, China
Wei Lin, Weikang Huang, Chaofan Mei, Peiyi Liu, He Wang, Shixin Yuan, Xiaoshan Zhao, Yueyun Wang
BMC Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or more diagnoses for human papillomavirus16/18-positive women by cytology and co-infection status
Mengyin Ao, Xiaoxi Yao, Danxi Zheng, Xuesai Gu, Mingrong Xi
Infectious Agents and Cancer.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Populations at high risk of cervical cancer in Guangxi Province: Findings from two screening projects in a minority area of South China
Huaxiang Lu, Haoyu He, Jian Qin, Mingjian Chen, Qiumei Liu, Min Li, Yongsheng Huang, Anxiang Wei, Shuzhen Liu, Min Xu, Zhiyong Zhang
Journal of Medical Screening.2022; 29(1): 44. CrossRef
Willingness to utilize cervical cancer screening among Ethiopian women aged 30–65 years
Adugna Alemu Desta, Fikadu Tolesa Alemu, Moges Beya Gudeta, Dejene Edosa Dirirsa, Andualem Gezahegn Kebede
Frontiers in Global Women's Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Status quo and problem analysis of cervical cancer screening program in China: Based on RE-AIM framework
Jingfen Zhu, Zhenghao Ge, Jiawei Xia, Qi Liu, Qingqing Ran, Yongbin Yang
Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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6 Crossref

Breast cancer

Impact of Awareness of Breast Density on Perceived Risk, Worry, and Intentions for Future Breast Cancer Screening among Korean Women: Anh Thi Ngoc Tran, Ji Hae Hwang, Eunji Choi, Yun Yeong Lee, Mina Suh, Chan Wha Lee, Yeol Kim, Kui Son Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(1):55-64. Published online August 18, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.495

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study sought to examine perceived risk and concerns for breast cancer according to awareness of breast density and states thereof among Korea women and to identify the impact of such awareness on screening intentions.
Materials and Methods
This study was based on the 2017 Korean National Cancer Screening Survey of a nationally representative and randomly selected sample of Koreans. Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to examine associations for awareness of and knowledge on breast density in relation to psychological factors. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate significant factors associated with intentions to undergo breast cancer screening.
Results
Among a total of 1,609 women aged 40-69 years, 62.0% were unaware of their breast density, and only 29.7% had good breast density knowledge. Awareness of one’s breast density and knowledge about breast density were positively associated with perceptions of absolute and comparative risk and cancer worry. Women aware of their breast density (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.35 for women aware of having a non-dense breast; aOR, 4.17 for women aware of having a dense breast) and women with a good level of breast density knowledge (aOR, 1.65) were more likely to undergo future breast cancer screening.
Conclusion
Breast density awareness and knowledge showed positive associations with psychological factors and breast cancer screening intentions. However, the majority of Korean women were not aware of their breast density status and demonstrated poor knowledge about breast density. These results demonstrate a need for better health communication concerning breast density.

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Breast density awareness and cancer risk in the UAE: Enhancing Women's engagement in early detection
M. Rawashdeh, M.Z. El-Sayed, M. Umar, N. Majeed, A. Jamalzadeh, C. Saade, A. England, M. McEntee, M.M. El Safwany, M.A. Ali
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The triad of knowledge, regular medical consultation, and recommendations for enhanced breast cancer screening intention in Morocco
Nadia Ouzennou, Mohamed Aboufaras, Nezha Nacer, Hicham Mejdouli, Jaouad Chouikh, Samia Rkha
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Awareness of Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Women with vs. Without High Breast Density
Jan Endrikat, Gilda Schmidt, Bhagyashree Oak, Viplav Shukla, Prakirti Nangia, Nicolas Schleyer, John Crocker, Ruud Pijnapppel
Patient Preference and Adherence.2024; Volume 18: 1577. CrossRef
Evidence-based advancements in breast cancer genetic counseling: a review
Zahra Batool, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Bairong Shen
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Fangmei Ren, Junchao Liu, Jianping Miao, Yucheng Xu, Ruiyin Zhang, Jingjie Fan, Wei Lin
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Understanding of Dense Breast and Perception of Breast Cancer Risk of Nurses with or without Dense Breast Notification
Seon Mi Yoon, Jeong Hee Kang
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S.L. Gauci, J.G. Couto, D. Mizzi
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Anticipatory anxiety and participation in cancer screening. A systematic review
Belinda Goodwin, Laura Anderson, Katelyn Collins, Saira Sanjida, Marcos Riba, Gursharan K. Singh, Kimberley M. Campbell, Heather Green, Sana Ishaque, Alastair Kwok, Melissa J. Opozda, Amy Pearn, Joanne Shaw, Ursula M. Sansom‐Daly, Joanna M. Tsirgiotis, Mo
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Implication and Influence of Multigene Panel Testing with Genetic Counseling in Korean Patients with BRCA1/2 Mutation-Negative Breast Cancer
Ji Soo Park, Saeam Shin, Yoon Jung Lee, Seung-Tae Lee, Eun Ji Nam, Jung Woo Han, Sun Hwa Lee, Tae Il Kim, Hyung Seok Park
Cancer Research and Treatment.2022; 54(4): 1099. CrossRef
Effectiveness of the Korean National Cancer Screening Program in reducing breast cancer mortality
Eunji Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh, Kyu-Won Jung, Boyoung Park, Kyeongmin Lee, So-Youn Jung, Eun Sook Lee, Kui Son Choi
npj Breast Cancer.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
General practitioners’ (GPs) understanding and views on breast density in Australia: a qualitative interview study
Brooke Nickel, Hankiz Dolan, Stacy Carter, Nehmat Houssami, Meagan Brennan, Jolyn Hersch, Alia Kaderbhai, Kirsten McCaffery
BMJ Open.2021; 11(8): e047513. CrossRef

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Disparities in the Participation Rate of Colorectal Cancer Screening by Fecal Occult Blood Test among People with Disabilities: A National Database Study in South Korea: Dong Wook Shin, Dongkyung Chang, Jin Hyung Jung, Kyungdo Han, So Young Kim, Kui Son Choi, Won Chul Lee, Jong Heon Park, Jong Hyock Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(1):60-73. Published online May 7, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.660

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Implementation of screening program may lead to increased health disparity within the population if participation differs by socioeconomic status. In Korea, colorectal cancer screening is provided at no or minimal cost to all people over 50 by National Cancer Screening Program. We investigated colorectal cancer screening participation rate and its trend over the last 10 years in relation to disabilities.
Materials and Methods
We linked national disability registration data with National Cancer Screening Program data. Age, sex-standardized participation rates were analyzed by type and severity of disability for each year, and factors associated with colorectal cancer screening participation were examined by multivariate logistic regression.
Results
Age, sex-standardized participation rate in people without disability increased from 16.2 to 33.9% (change, +17.7), but it increased from 12.7% to 27.2% (change, +14.5) among people with severe disability. People with severe disabilities showed a markedly lower colorectal cancer screening participation rate than people without disability (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.714; 95% confidence interval, 0.713 to 0.720). People with autism (aOR, 0.468), renal failure (aOR, 0.498), brain injury (aOR, 0.581), ostomy (aOR, 0.602), and intellectual disability (aOR, 0.610) showed the lowest participation rates.
Conclusion
Despite the availability of a National Cancer Screening Program and overall increase of its usage in the Korean population, a significant disparity was found in colorectal cancer screening participation, especially in people with severe disabilities and or several specific types of disabilities. Greater effort is needed to identify the barriers faced by these particularly vulnerable groups and develop targeted interventions to reduce inequality.

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Comparative analysis of genetic testing utilization rates among people with and without disabilities in South Korea from 2016 to 2019, focusing on malignant neoplasms: A national population‐based study
Gwanwook Bang, Minji Park, Jeong‐yeon Seon, So‐Youn Park
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Disparities in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer among patients with disabilities
Ki Bae Kim, Dong Wook Shin, Kyoung Eun Yeob, So Young Kim, Joung-Ho Han, Seon Mee Park, Jong Heon Park, Jong Hyock Park
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Woorim Kim, Mingee Choi, Jaeyong Shin
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Yachin Chen, James Powers, Christopher J. McDougle, Nicole R. Zürcher, Robyn P. Thom
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Giovanni Emanuele Ricciardi, Rita Cuciniello, Emanuele De Ponti, Carlo Lunetti, Flavia Pennisi, Carlo Signorelli, Cristina Renzi
Current Oncology.2024; 31(11): 7023. CrossRef
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Genevieve Breau, Sally Thorne, Jennifer Baumbusch, T Greg Hislop, Arminee Kazanjian
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Type and Severity of Mental Illness and Participation in Colorectal Cancer Screening
Benedicte Kirkøen, Paula Berstad, Geir Hoff, Tomm Bernklev, Kristin R. Randel, Øyvind Holme, Thomas de Lange, Kathryn A. Robb, Edoardo Botteri
American Journal of Preventive Medicine.2023; 64(1): 76. CrossRef
Spatial and temporal patterns of colorectal cancer in Asia, 1990–2019
Rajesh Sharma, Bijoy Rakshit
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Silvia Portero de la Cruz, Jesús Cebrino
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Miso Kim, Wonyoung Jung, So Young Kim, Jong Hyock Park, Dong Wook Shin
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Daniel Satgé, Motoi Nishi, Brigitte Trétarre
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Lisa I Iezzoni
The Lancet Oncology.2022; 23(4): e164. CrossRef
Mental illness and participation in colorectal cancer screening: a scoping review
Marie D. Jørgensen, Ellen M. Mikkelsen, Rune Erichsen, Mette K. Thomsen
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Patients’ acceptability and implementation outcomes of a case management approach to encourage participation in colorectal cancer screening for people with schizophrenia: a qualitative secondary analysis of a mixed-method randomised clinical trial
Yuto Yamada, Masaki Fujiwara, Taichi Shimazu, Tsuyoshi Etoh, Masafumi Kodama, Ryuhei So, Takanori Matsushita, Yusaku Yoshimura, Shigeo Horii, Maiko Fujimori, Hirokazu Takahashi, Naoki Nakaya, Tempei Miyaji, Shiro Hinotsu, Keita Harada, Hiroyuki Okada, Yos
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Disability and Participation in Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Fahrin Ramadan Andiwijaya, Calum Davey, Khaoula Bessame, Abdourahmane Ndong, Hannah Kuper
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Inhibition of colorectal cancer tumorigenesis by ursolic acid and doxorubicin is mediated by targeting the Akt signaling pathway and activating the Hippo signaling pathway
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Shahrbanoo Khazaei, Fatemeh Salmani, Mitra Moodi
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Hayeong Khil, Sung Min Kim, SungEun Hong, Hyeon Min Gil, Eugene Cheon, Dong Hoon Lee, Young Ae Kim, NaNa Keum
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Disparities in Liver Cancer Surveillance Among People With Disabilities
Jae Youn Seo, Dong Wook Shin, Su Jong Yu, Jin Hyung Jung, Kyungdo Han, In Young Cho, So Young Kim, Kui Son Choi, Jong Heon Park, Jong Hyock Park, Ichiro Kawachi
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Kyu-Tae Han, Seungju Kim, Antonio Palazón-Bru
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Dong Wook Shin, Jinsung Park, Kyoung Eun Yeob, Seok Jung Yoon, Soong-nang Jang, So Young Kim, Jong Heon Park, Jong Hyock Park, Ichiro Kawachi
Disability and Health Journal.2021; 14(4): 101125. CrossRef
Encouraging participation in colorectal cancer screening for people with schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial
Masaki Fujiwara, Yuto Yamada, Taichi Shimazu, Masafumi Kodama, Ryuhei So, Takanori Matsushita, Yusaku Yoshimura, Shigeo Horii, Maiko Fujimori, Hirokazu Takahashi, Naoki Nakaya, Kyoko Kakeda, Tempei Miyaji, Shiro Hinotsu, Keita Harada, Hiroyuki Okada, Yosu
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Population-Based Data Reveal Factors Associated with Organised and Non-Organised Colorectal Cancer Screening: An Important Step towards Improving Coverage
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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(16): 8373. CrossRef
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Jin Young Choi, Kyoung Eun Yeob, Seung Hwa Hong, So Young Kim, Eun-Hwan Jeong, Dong Wook Shin, Jong Heon Park, Gil-won Kang, Hak Soon Kim, Jong Hyock Park, Ichiro Kawachi
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YoungJee Kim, Dong Wook Shin, Hyoung Woo Kim, Jin Hyung Jung, Kyungdo Han, In Young Cho, So Young Kim, Kui Son Choi, Jong Heon Park, Jong Hyock Park, Ichiro Kawachi
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Disparities in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastric Cancer in Relation to Disabilities
Hyoung Woo Kim, Dong Wook Shin, Kyoung Eun Yeob, In Young Cho, So Young Kim, Seon Mee Park, Jong Heon Park, Jong Hyock Park, Ichiro Kawachi
Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology.2020; 11(10): e00242. CrossRef
Trends in cancer screening rates among individuals with serious psychological distress: an analysis of data from 2007 to 2016 Japanese national surveys
Masaki Fujiwara, Yuji Higuchi, Naoki Nakaya, Maiko Fujimori, Yuto Yamada, Riho Wada, Tsuyoshi Etoh, Kyoko Kakeda, Yosuke Uchitomi, Tomio Nakayama, Norihito Yamada, Masatoshi Inagaki
Journal of Psychosocial Oncology Research & Practice.2020; 2(3): e025. CrossRef

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Changes in the Diagnostic Efficiency of Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy during the Era of Increased Thyroid Cancer Screening in Korea: Young Ki Lee, Kyeong Hye Park, Young Duk Song, Taemi Youk, Joo Young Nam, Sun Ok Song, Dong Yeob Shin, Eun Jig Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1430-1436. Published online February 26, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.534

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The volume of thyroid cancer screening and subsequent thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) have rapidly increased in South Korea. We analyzed the thyroid cancer diagnoses/thyroid FNA ratio according to the annual number of FNA to evaluate changes in the diagnostic efficiency of FNA.
Materials and Methods
This was a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study. The overall thyroid cancer diagnoses/thyroid FNA ratio and annual incremental thyroid cancer diagnoses/incremental thyroid FNA ratio were indirectly calculated using data obtained from the Korea Central Cancer Registry database and the Korean National Health Insurance Service claims database from 2004 to 2012. Pearson correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the strength of linear associations between variables.
Results
The number of thyroid FNA increased from 28,596 to 177,805 (6.2-fold increase) from 2004 to 2012. The overall thyroid cancer diagnoses/thyroid FNA ratio decreased from 36.5% in 2004 to 25.1% in 2012 and was negatively correlated to the number of FNA (R=‒0.977, p < 0.001). The annual incremental thyroid cancer diagnoses/incremental thyroid FNA ratios (range, 15.3% to 30.7%) were always lower than the overall thyroid cancer diagnoses/thyroid FNA ratio in each year and also worsened according to the increase in the number of FNA (R=‒0.853, p=0.007).
Conclusion
The diagnostic performance of both overall and annual incremental thyroid FNA worsened, whereas the number of thyroid FNA procedures increased. More sophisticated indications for FNA are required to improve its diagnostic efficiency, considering the increased burden of screening-detected thyroid nodules.

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Hormonal and other methods of thyroid gland examination: A literature review
Larysa Soyka, Oksana Kovalchuk, Iryna Upatova
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Young Ki Lee, Dongmin Ryu, Seungwoo Kim, Juyeon Park, Seog Yun Park, Donghun Ryu, Hayoung Lee, Sungbin Lim, Hyun-Seok Min, YongKeun Park, Eun Kyung Lee
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Christos K. Stefanou, Georgios Papathanakos, Stefanos K. Stefanou, Kostas Tepelenis, Aikaterini Kitsouli, Alexandra Barbouti, Stefanos Flindris, Periklis Tsoumanis, Panagiotis Kanavaros, Panagiotis Kitsoulis
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Raffaele Palladino, Ilaria Migliatico, Roberta Sgariglia, Mariantonia Nacchio, Antonino Iaccarino, Umberto Malapelle, Elena Vigliar, Domenico Salvatore, Giancarlo Troncone, Claudio Bellevicine
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Endemik bölgede tiroid nodüllerinin sonografik özellikleri ve ince iğne aspirasyon biyopsi sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi
Özlem DEMİRCİOĞLU
Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine.2020; 3(3): 336. CrossRef

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Development of Protocol for Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS) to Evaluate Effectiveness and Feasibility to Implement National Cancer Screening Program: Jaeho Lee, Juntae Lim, Yeol Kim, Hyae Young Kim, Jin Mo Goo, Choon-Taek Lee, Seung Hun Jang, Won-Chul Lee, Chan Wha Lee, Jin Young An, Ki Dong Ko, Min Ki Lee, Kui Son Choi, Boyoung Park, Duk Hyoung Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1285-1294. Published online February 19, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.464

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
To reduce lung cancer mortality, lung cancer screening was recommended using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) to high-risk population. A protocol for multicenter lung cancer screening pilot project was developed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of lung cancer screening to implement National Cancer Screening Program in Korea.
Materials and Methods
Multidisciplinary expert committee was comprised to develop a standardized protocol for Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS). K-LUCAS is a population-based single arm trial that targets high-risk population aged 55-74 years with at least 30 pack-year smoking history. LDCT results are reported by Lung-RADS suggested by American Radiology Society. Network-based system using computer-aided detection program is prepared to assist reducing diagnostic errors. Smoking cessation counselling is provided to all currently smoking participants. A small pilot test was conducted to check the feasibility and compliance of the protocols for K-LUCAS.
Results
In pilot test, 256 were participated. The average age of participants was 63.2 years and only three participants (1.2%) were female. The participants had a smoking history of 40.5 pack-year on average and 53.9% were current smokers. Among them, 86.3% had willing to participate in lung cancer screening again. The average willingness to quit smoking among current smokers was 12.7% higher than before screening. In Lung-RADS reports, 10 (3.9%) were grade 3 and nine (3.5%) were grade 4. One participant was diagnosed as lung cancer.
Conclusion
The protocol developed by this study is assessed to be feasible to perform K-LUCAS in multicenter nationwide scale.

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Surveillance Rate and its Impact on Survival of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients in South Korea: A Cohort Study: Sanghyuk Im, Eun Sun Jang, Ju Hyun Lee, Chung Seop Lee, Beom Hee Kim, Jung Wha Chung, Jin-Wook Kim, Sook-Hyang Jeong; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1357-1369. Published online February 12, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.430

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Though regular surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for high-risk patients is widely recommended, its rate and effectiveness are not clear. The aim of this study is to investigate the actual rate of HCC surveillance and its related factors and to clarify its impact on survival in a Korean HCC cohort.
Materials and Methods
From 2012 to 2015, 319 newly diagnosed HCC patients were prospectively enrolled at a tertiary hospital. Patient interviews based on a structured questionnaire survey were conducted. Surveillance was defined as liver imaging test ≥ 2 times with at least 3-month interval within 2 years prior to HCC diagnosis.
Results
Surveillance rate was 39.8%. Of the HCC patients with high-risk factors, only 182 (57.1%) had knowledge for the need for regular surveillance, and 141 (44.2%) had the accurate information about the method (ultrasound-based study). Surveillance group showed a higher proportion of early HCC (p < 0.001) and a longer overall survival (p < 0.001) compared to non-surveillance group. The multivariable Cox regression analysis indicated Child-Pugh class A, history of anti-viral therapy, low serum α-fetoprotein level, non-advanced Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage as independent predictors of overall survival, while regular surveillance was not (p=0.436).
Conclusion
Less than half of the newly diagnosed Korean HCC patients were under surveillance and the accurate perception for the need of HCC surveillance was insufficient. Of those under surveillance, most patients were diagnosed with early stage HCC, which led to the improved survival. Comprehensive efforts to optimize the surveillance program for the target population are warranted.

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Impact of Screening on Mortality for Patients Diagnosed with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Safety-Net Healthcare System: An Opportunity for Addressing Disparities
Kalyani Narra, Madison Hull, Kari J. Teigen, Vedaamrutha Reddy, Jolonda C. Bullock, Riyaz Basha, Nadia Alawi-Kakomanolis, David E. Gerber, Timothy J. Brown
Cancers.2024; 16(22): 3829. CrossRef
Benefits and harms of screening for hepatocellular carcinoma in high-risk populations: systematic review and meta-analysis
Jichun Yang, Zhirong Yang, Xueyang Zeng, Shuqing Yu, Le Gao, Yu Jiang, Feng Sun
Journal of the National Cancer Center.2023; 3(3): 175. CrossRef
Factors associated with the survival outcomes of patients with untreated hepatocellular carcinoma: An analysis of nationwide data
Min Jung Kwon, Soy Chang, Ji Hoon Kim, Ji Won Han, Jeong Won Jang, Jong Young Choi, Seung Kew Yoon, Pil Soo Sung
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients diagnosed under regular surveillance: potential implications for surveillance goal
Joo Hye Song, Myung Ji Goh, Yewan Park, Joo Hyun Oh, Wonseok Kang, Dong Hyun Sinn, Geum-Youn Gwak, Yong-Han Paik, Moon Seok Choi, Joon Hyeok Lee, Kwang Cheol Koh, Seung Woon Paik
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 56(3): 274. CrossRef
Prior antiviral treatment and mortality among patients with hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: A national cohort study
Dong Hyun Sinn, Danbee Kang, Yun Soo Hong, Kwang Cheol Koh, Eliseo Guallar, Juhee Cho, Geum-Youn Gwak, Luca Rinaldi
PLOS ONE.2021; 16(8): e0255624. CrossRef

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Prospective Validation of The Korean Cancer Study Group Geriatric Score (KG)-7, a Novel Geriatric Screening Tool, in Older Patients with Advanced Cancer Undergoing First-line Palliative Chemotherapy: Jin Won Kim, Se Hyun Kim, Yun-Gyoo Lee, In Gyu Hwang, Jin Young Kim, Su-Jin Koh, Yoon Ho Ko, Seong Hoon Shin, In Sook Woo, Soojung Hong, Tae-Yong Kim, Ji Yeon Baek, Hyun Jung Kim, Hyo Jung Kim, Myung Ah Lee, Jung Hye Kwon, Yong Sang Hong, Hun-Mo Ryoo, Kyung Hee Lee, Jee Hyun Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1249-1256. Published online January 2, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.451

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to prospectively validate the Korean Cancer Study Group Geriatric Score (KG)-7, a novel geriatric screening tool, in older patients with advanced cancer planned to undergo first-line palliative chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
Participants answered the KG-7 questionnaire before undergoing geriatric assessment (GA) and first-line palliative chemotherapy. The performance of KG-7 was evaluated by calculating the sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV), balanced accuracy (BA), and area under the curve (AUC).
Results
The baseline GA and KG-7 results were collected from 301 patients. The median age was 75 years (range, 70 to 93 years). Abnormal GA was documented in 222 patients (73.8%). Based on the ≤ 5 cut-off value of KG-7 for abnormal GA, abnormal KG-7 score was shown in 200 patients (66.4%). KG-7 showed SE, SP, PPV, NPV, and BA of 75.7%, 59.7%, 84.4%, 46.0%, and 67.7%, respectively; AUC was 0.745 (95% confidence interval, 0.687 to 0.803). Furthermore, patients with higher KG-7 scores showed significantly longer survival (p=0.006).
Conclusion
KG-7 appears to be adequate in identifying patients with abnormal GA prospectively. Hence, KG-7 can be a useful screening tool for Asian countries with limited resources and high patient volume.

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Comparison of two frailty screening tools in older patients with colorectal cancer
Han Zhao, Xinlin Lu, Senshuang Zheng, Danmei Wei, Lizhong Zhao, Yuan Wang, Geertruida H. de Bock, Wenli Lu
BMC Geriatrics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence and Predictive Factors for Upfront Dose Reduction of the First Cycle of First-Line Chemotherapy in Older Adults with Metastatic Solid Cancer: Korean Cancer Study Group (KCSG) Multicenter Study
In Gyu Hwang, Minsuk Kwon, Jin Won Kim, Se Hyun Kim, Yun-Gyoo Lee, Jin Young Kim, Su-Jin Koh, Yoon Ho Ko, Seong Hoon Shin, Soojung Hong, Tae-Yong Kim, Sun Young Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Hyo Jung Kim, Myung Ah Lee, Jung Hye Kwon, Yong Sang Hong, Kyung Hee Lee,
Cancers.2021; 13(2): 331. CrossRef
A single-arm feasibility study of gradual dose de-escalation of antiemetic dexamethasone for older patients receiving chemotherapy
Koung Jin Suh, Seonghae Yoon, Jin Won Kim, Seo Hyun Yoon, Ji-Won Kim, Se Hyun Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Keun-Wook Lee, Jong Seok Lee, Jee Hyun Kim
Journal of Geriatric Oncology.2021; 12(6): 922. CrossRef
Predictive Value of Geriatric Oncology Screening and Geriatric Assessment in Older Patients with Solid Cancers: Protocol for a Danish prospective cohort study (PROGNOSIS-G8)
Helena Møgelbjerg Ditzel, Ann-Kristine Weber Giger, Cecilia Margareta Lund, Henrik Jørn Ditzel, Afsaneh Mohammadnejad, Per Pfeiffer, Jesper Ryg, Trine Lembrecht Jørgensen, Marianne Ewertz
Journal of Geriatric Oncology.2021; 12(8): 1270. CrossRef
The Globalization of Geriatric Oncology: From Data to Practice
Ravindran Kanesvaran, Supriya Mohile, Enrique Soto-Perez-de-Celis, Harpreet Singh
American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book.2020; (40): e107. CrossRef

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Utility of the National Lung Screening Trial Criteria for Estimation of Lung Cancer in the Korean Population: Ye Jin Lee, Sun Mi Choi, Jinwoo Lee, Chang-Hoon Lee, Sang-Min Lee, Chul-Gyu Yoo, Young Whan Kim, Sung Koo Han, Young Sik Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(3):950-955. Published online October 12, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.357

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Screening forlung cancerin high-risk patients using theNational Lung Screening Trial (NLST) criteria resulted in a decreased lung cancer-related mortality rate. However, whether these criteria are applicable to the Korean has not been investigated thus far. Therefore, we estimated the utility of the NLST criteria as a screening tool for lung cancer in the Korean population.
Materials and Methods
The total number of newly diagnosed lung cancer cases in 2013 was obtained from the Korea National Statistical Office. The proportion of newly diagnosed lung cancer cases that met the NLST criteria was calculated via a retrospective cohort of a tertiary referral hospital. We estimated the nationwide proportion of patients who met the NLST criteria using the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted during 2010-2012 (KNHANES V).
Results
Using KNHANES V data, we found that approximately 6.92% of the general population of Korea would meet the NLST criteria. In the tertiary referral hospital, 29.6% of the 2,689 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients met the NLST criteria. In 2013, the total number of newly diagnosed lung cancer cases in Korea was 23,177. The estimated nationwide proportions of lung cancer patients who met and did not meet the NLST criteria were 0.37% and 0.06%, respectively, yielding a ratio of 5.78.
Conclusion
The NLST criteria demonstrated sound clinical utility for lung cancer screening of high-risk patients in Korea.

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Identifying the population to be targeted in a lung cancer screening programme in Denmark
María Del Pilar Fernández Montejo, Zaigham Saghir, Uffe Bødtger, Randi Jepsen, Elsebeth Lynge, Søren Lophaven
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Charlotte Poon, Tim Wilsdon, Iqra Sarwar, Alexander Roediger, Megan Yuan
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Lung Cancer Screening with Low-Dose CT in Female Never Smokers: Retrospective Cohort Study with Long-term National Data Follow-up: Hyae Young Kim, Kyu-Won Jung, Kun Young Lim, Soo-Hyun Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Jeongseon Kim, Bin Hwangbo, Jin Soo Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(3):748-756. Published online July 17, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.312

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Because of growing concerns about lung cancer in female never smokers, chest low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening is often performed although it has never shown clinical benefits. We examinewhether or not female never smokers really need annual LDCT screening when the initial LDCT showed negative findings.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 4,365 female never smokers aged 40 to 79 years who performed initial LDCT from Aug 2002 to Dec 2007. Lung cancer diagnosis was identified from the Korea Central Cancer Registry Database registered until December 31, 2013. We calculated the incidence, cumulative probability, and standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of lung cancer by Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) categories showed on initial LDCT.
Results
After median follow-up of 9.69 years, 22 (0.5%) had lung cancer. Lung cancer incidence for Lung-RADS category 4 was 1,848.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1,132.4 to 3,017.2) per 100,000 person-years and 16.4 (95% CI, 7.4 to 36.4) for categories 1, 2, and 3 combined. The cumulative probability of lung cancer for category 4 was 10.6% at 5 years and 14.8% at 10 years while they were 0.07% and 0.17% when categories 1, 2, and 3 were combined. The SIR for subjects with category 4 was 43.80 (95% CI, 25.03 to 71.14), which was much higher than 0.47 (95% CI, 0.17 to 1.02) for categories 1, 2, and 3 combined.
Conclusion
Considering the low risk of lung cancer development in female never smokers, it seems unnecessary to repeat annual LDCT screening for at least 5 years or even longer unless the initial LDCT showed Lung-RADS category 4 findings.

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Stages of Adoption for Fecal Occult Blood Test and Colonoscopy Tests for Colorectal Cancer Screening in Korea: Nhung Cam Bui, Ha Na Cho, Yoon Young Lee, Mina Suh, Boyoung Park, Jae Kwan Jun, Yeol Kim, Kui Son Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(2):416-427. Published online May 10, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.075

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
While colorectal cancer (CRC) is common in Asian countries, screening for CRC is not. Moreover, CRC screening behaviors in Asian populations remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the stages of adopting CRC screening in Korea according to screening modality.
Materials and Methods
Data were obtained from the 2014 Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, a cross-sectional survey that utilized nationally representative random sampling to investigate cancer screening rates. A total of 2,066 participants aged 50-74 years were included in this study. Chi-square test and multinomial logistic regressionwere applied to determine stages of adoption for fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy and factors associated with each stage.
Results
Of 1,593 participants included in an analysis of stage of adoption for FOBT, 36% were in action/maintenance stages, while 18%, 40%, and 6% were in precontemplation, contemplation, and relapse/relapse risk stages, respectively. Of 1,371 subjects included in an analysis of stage of adoption for colonoscopy, 48% were in action/maintenance stages, with 21% in precontemplation, 21% in contemplation, and 11% in relapse/relapse risk stages. Multinomial logistic regression highlighted sex, household income, place of residency, family history of cancer, having private cancer insurance, smoking status, alcohol use, and regular exercise as being associated with stages of adoption for FOBT and colonoscopy.
Conclusion
This study outlines the distributions of stages of adoption for CRC screening by screening modality. Interventions to improve screening rates should be tailored to individuals in particular stages of adoption for CRC screening by modality.

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Factors Affecting Adherence to National Colorectal Cancer Screening: A 12-Year Longitudinal Study Using Multi-Institutional Pooled Data in Korea
Dae Sung Kim, Jeeyoung Hong, Kihyun Ryu, Sang Hyuk Lee, Hwanhyi Cho, Jehyeong Yu, Jieun Lee, Jong-Yeup Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A new TGF‐β risk score predicts clinical and immune landscape in colorectal cancer patients
Bing Tang, Binggang Liu, Zhiyao Zeng
Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery.2024; 8(5): 927. CrossRef
Utilization of colorectal cancer screening tests: a systematic review and time trend analysis of nationally representative data
Idris Ola, Rafael Cardoso, Michael Hoffmeister, Hermann Brenner
eClinicalMedicine.2024; 75: 102783. CrossRef
Role of breast cancer screening in the overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer: results from a cross-sectional nationwide survey
Eunhye Lee, Sung Hoon Jeong, Chung Mo Nam, Jae Kwan Jun, Eun-Cheol Park
BMC Women's Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Socioeconomic inequality in organized and opportunistic screening for colorectal cancer: results from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, 2009-2021
Xuan Quy Luu, Kyeongmin Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh, Kui Son Choi
Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023086. CrossRef
The risk of developing colorectal cancer in individuals aged 50-70 years and behavioral changes in high-risk individuals regarding a fecal occult blood test
Renginar ÖZTÜRK DÖNMEZ, Süheyla ÖZSOY, Melek ARDAHAN
Journal of Surgery and Medicine.2022; 6(1): 14. CrossRef
Using Decision Tree Aggregation with Random Forest Model to Identify Gut Microbes Associated with Colorectal Cancer
Dongmei Ai, Hongfei Pan, Rongbao Han, Xiaoxin Li, Gang Liu, Li C. Xia
Genes.2019; 10(2): 112. CrossRef
Colonoscopy and Sigmoidoscopy Use among the Average-Risk Population for Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Trend Analysis
Rafael Cardoso, Tobias Niedermaier, Chen Chen, Michael Hoffmeister, Hermann Brenner
Cancer Prevention Research.2019; 12(9): 617. CrossRef
Perceptions of colorectal cancer screening and recommendation behaviors among physicians in Korea
Hye Young Shin, Mina Suh, Boyoung Park, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi
BMC Cancer.2017;[Epub] CrossRef

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Strategic Distributional Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Improving National Cancer Screening Uptake in Cervical Cancer: A Focus on Regional Inequality in South Korea: Tae-Hoon Lee, Woorim Kim, Jaeyong Shin, Eun-Cheol Park, Sohee Park, Tae Hyun Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(1):212-221. Published online March 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.525

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to conduct a cost effectiveness analysis of strategies designed to improve national cervical cancer screening rates, along with a distributional cost effectiveness analysis that considers regional disparities.
Materials and Methods
Cost effectiveness analysis was conducted using a Markov cohort simulation model, with quality adjusted life years as the unit of effectiveness. The strategies considered were current (biennial Papanicolaou smear cytology of females aged 20 or above), strong screening recommendation by mail to target regions (effect, 12% increase in screening uptake; cost, 1,000 Korean won per person), regular universal screening recommendation by mail (effect, 6% increase in screening uptake; cost, 500 Korean won per person), and strong universal screening recommendation by mail (effect, 12% increase in screening uptake; cost, 1,000 Korean won per person). Distributional cost effectiveness analysis was conducted by calculating the cost effectiveness of strategies using the Atkinson incremental cost effectiveness ratio.
Results
All strategies were under the threshold value, which was set as the Korean gross domestic product of $25,990. In particular, the ‘strong screening recommendation to target regions’ strategy was found to be the most cost effective (incremental cost effectiveness ratio, 7,361,145 Korean won). This was also true when societal inequality aversion increased in the distributional cost effectiveness analysis.
Conclusion
The ‘strong screening recommendation to target regions’ strategy was the most cost effective approach, even when adjusting for inequality. As efficiency and equity are objectives concurrently sought in healthcare, these findings imply a need to develop appropriate economic evaluation methodologies to assess healthcare policies.

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Economic Evaluations of Interventions Addressing Inequalities in Cancer Care: A Systematic Review
Bedasa Taye Merga, Nikki McCaffrey, Suzanne Robinson, Ebisa Turi, Anita Lal
Value in Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Thomas Ward, Ruben E. Mujica-Mota, Anne E. Spencer, Antonieta Medina-Lara
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Vakaramoko Diaby, Askal Ali, Aram Babcock, Joseph Fuhr, Dejana Braithwaite
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Incorporating health equity into value assessment: frameworks, promising alternatives, and future directions
Vakaramoko Diaby, Askal Ali, Aram Babcock, Joseph Fuhr, Dejana Braithwaite
Journal of Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy.2021; 27(9-a Suppl): S22. CrossRef

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Trends in Participation Rates for the National Cancer Screening Program in Korea, 2002-2012: Mina Suh, Seolhee Song, Ha Na Cho, Boyoung Park, Jae Kwan Jun, Eunji Choi, Yeol Kim, Kui Son Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):798-806. Published online November 11, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.186

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) in Korea supports cancer screening for stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer. This study was conducted to assess trends in participation rates among Korean men and women invited to undergo screening via the NCSP as part of an effort to guide future implementation of the program in Korea.
Materials and Methods
Data from the NCSP for 2002 to 2012 were used to calculate annual participation rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) by sex, insurance status, and age group for stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer screening.
Results
In 2012, participation rates for stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer screening were 47.3%, 25.0%, 39.5%, 51.9%, and 40.9%, respectively. The participation rates increased annually by 4.3% (95% CI, 4.0 to 4.6) for stomach cancer, 3.3% (95% CI, 2.5 to 4.1) for liver cancer, 4.1% (95% CI, 3.2 to 5.0) for colorectal cancer, 4.6% (95% CI, 4.1 to 5.0) for breast cancer, and 0.9% (95% CI, –0.7 to 2.5) for cervical cancer from 2002 to 2012.
Conclusion
Participant rates for the NCSP for the five above-mentioned cancers increased annually from 2002 to 2012.

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Optimal Interval for Repeated Gastric Cancer Screening in Normal-Risk Healthy Korean Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study: Jong-Myon Bae, Sang Yop Shin, Eun Hee Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):564-568. Published online January 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.098

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This retrospective cohort study was conducted to estimate the optimal interval for gastric cancer screening in Korean adults with initial negative screening results.
Materials and Methods
This study consisted of voluntary Korean screenees aged 40 to 69 years who underwent subsequent screening gastroscopies after testing negative in the baseline screening performed between January 2007 and December 2011. A new case was defined as the presence of gastric cancer cells in biopsy specimens obtained upon gastroscopy. The follow-up periods were calculated during the months between the date of baseline screening gastroscopy and positive findings upon subsequent screenings, stratified by sex and age group. The mean sojourn time (MST) for determining the screening interval was estimated using the prevalence/incidence ratio.
Results
Of the 293,520 voluntary screenees for the gastric cancer screening program, 91,850 (31.29%) underwent subsequent screening gastroscopies between January 2007 and December 2011. The MSTs in men and women were 21.67 months (95% confidence intervals [CI], 17.64 to 26.88 months) and 15.14 months (95% CI, 9.44 to 25.85 months), respectively.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that the optimal interval for subsequent gastric screening in both men and women is 24 months, supporting the 2-year interval recommended by the nationwide gastric cancer screening program.

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Gastric Cancer Screening in Korea: Report on the National Cancer Screening Program in 2008: Kyung Sook Lee, Dong Kwan Oh, Mi Ah Han, Hoo-Yeon Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi, Eun-Cheol Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(2):83-88. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.2.83

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
The National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) began in 1999. The objective of this report is to evaluate the results of the NCSP in 2008 and provide essential evidence associated with the gastric cancer screening program in Korea.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Data was obtained from the National Cancer Screening Information System; participation rates in gastric cancer screening were calculated. According to screening modalities, recall rates were estimated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS
The target population of the gastric cancer screening program in 2008 was 7,132,820 Korean men and women aged 40 and over, 2,076,544 of whom underwent upper endoscopy or upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series as screening tools (participation rate, 29.1%). Disparities in participation rates were observed relating to gender and health insurance type. Overall, recall rates of upper endoscopy and UGI series were 3.1% (95% CI, 3.0 to 3.1) and 33.3% (95% CI, 33.3 to 33.4), respectively.
CONCLUSION
According to our research, efforts to facilitate participation and to reduce disparities in gastric cancer screening among Korean men and women are needed. These results will provide essential data for evidence-based strategies in gastric cancer control in Korea.

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Trends of Mammography Use in a National Breast Cancer Screening Program, 2004-2008: Sun Mi Lim, Hoo-Yeon Lee, Kui Son Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Eun-Cheol Park, Yeonju Kim, Mi Ah Han, Dong Kwan Oh, Jung Im Shim; Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(4):199-202. Published online December 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.4.199

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

Korea started breast cancer screening as part of the National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) in 1999. In order to identify under-served groups, we investigated mammography uptake in the National Breast Cancer Screening Program.

Materials and Methods

The study population was participants in the National Breast Cancer Screening Program from 2004 to 2008. We analyzed participation rates by insurance type, age group, and area of residence.

Results

Total participation rates for breast cancer screening increased from 18.2% in 2004 to 35.0% in 2008. The participation rate in the group aged 60 to 69 years showed the greatest increase, 21.3%, among the four age groups. Although the screening rate increased continuously, the participation rate of the Medical Aid Program (MAP) group was low compared to the National Health Insurance (NHI) group. Moreover, the increasing trend of mammography uptake in the MAP group was much lower than that of the NHI group.

Conclusion

The participation rate for breast cancer screening in the NCSP in Korea has increased. However, the participation rate in mammography among MAP recipients is still lower than that of NHI beneficiaries. To increase mammography uptake, it is important to make it available to everyone by ensuring inclusion of all population subgroups.

Citations

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Factors associated with attendance at screening for breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Rebecca Mottram, Wendy Lynn Knerr, Daniel Gallacher, Hannah Fraser, Lena Al-Khudairy, Abimbola Ayorinde, Sian Williamson, Chidozie Nduka, Olalekan A Uthman, Samantha Johnson, Alexander Tsertsvadze, Christopher Stinton, Sian Taylor-Phillips, Aileen Clarke
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Imre Boncz, Lajos Döbrőssy, Zoltán Péntek, Attila Kovács, András Budai, László Imre, Réka Vajda, Andor Sebestyén
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Results of Colorectal Cancer Screening of the National Cancer Screening Program in Korea, 2008: Jung Im Shim, Yeonju Kim, Mi Ah Han, Hoo-Yeon Lee, Kui Sun Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Eun-Cheol Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(4):191-198. Published online December 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.4.191

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the current situation of national colorectal cancer screening by analyzing participation rates, positive rates of screening methods and screening rate of secondary screening tests in colorectal screening of the national cancer screening program in 2008.

Materials and Methods

With database about target population and screened individuals of the national cancer screening program, the results of target population and participants of colorectal cancer screening in 2008 were analyzed. Among adults aged over 50 years of medical aid and beneficiaries of national health insurance paying lower 50% premiums in the total subscribers, 4,640,365 were target population of colorectal cancer screening and the data of 984,915 undergoing fecal occult blood test (FOBT) as a primary screening were analyzed.

Results

The colorectal cancer screening rate was 21.2% and the rates of national health insurance subscribers, females and the elderly aged 60-64 years were higher than those of others. The recipients with a positive result in FOBT recorded approximately 7.5%. Medical aid beneficiaries (7.9%), males (8.8%) and seniors aged over 75 years (9.1%) showed higher positive rates than the average one. Out of the FOBT positive recipients, 43.0% took a secondary screening and the rate undergoing colonoscopy (31.4%) was higher than that of doing double-contrast barium enema test (11.6%).

Conclusion

Colorectal cancer screening rate of medical aid beneficiaries and people paying lower 50% premiums among national health insurance subscribers, was different according to demographic characters (gender, age and types of health insurance). This finding meant that screening for the vulnerable needed to be encouraged by considering socio-demographic characters. Additionally, more efforts were necessary to increase the secondary screening rate of people with a positive result in primary one.

Citations

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Single Immunochemical Fecal Occult Blood Test for Detection of Colorectal Neoplasia: Dae Kyung Sohn, Seung-Yong Jeong, Hyo Seong Choi, Seok-Byung Lim, Jin Myeong Huh, Dae-Hyun Kim, Dae Yong Kim, Young Hoon Kim, Hee Jin Chang, Kyung Hae Jung, Joong-Bae Ahn, Hyun Kyung Kim, Jae-Gahb Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2005;37(1):20-23. Published online February 28, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2005.37.1.20

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

This study was designed to investigate the validity of a single immunochemical fecal occult blood test (FOBT) for detection of colorectal neoplasia.

Materials and Methods

A total of 3,794 average-risk screenees and 304 colorectal cancer patients admitted to the National Cancer Center, Korea, between May 2001 and November 2002, were studied prospectively. All screenees and admitted patients underwent FOBT and total colonoscopic examinations. Stools were self-collected, and examined using an immunochemical fecal occult blood test (OC-hemodia®, Eiken Chemical Co. Tokyo, Japan) and an OC-sensor analyzer® (Eiken Chemical Co. Tokyo, Japan).

Results

Of the 3,794 asymptomatic screenees, the colonoscopy identified colorectal adenomas and cancers in 613 (16.2%) and 12 (0.3%) subjects, respectively. The sensitivities of a single immunochemical FOBT for detecting colorectal cancers and adenomas in screenees were 25.0 and 2.4%, respectively. The false positive rate of FOBT for colorectal cancer in screenees was 1.19%. For the total 316 colorectal cancer cases (including 12 cases from screenees), the FOBT sensitivities according to the T-stage were 38.5, 75.0%, 78.9 and 79.2% for T1, 2, 3 and 4 cancers, respectively. The sensitivities according to the Dukes stages A, B and C were 63.4, 79.3 and 78.6%, respectively.

Conclusion

The sensitivities of a single immunochemical FOBT for detecting colorectal cancers and adenomas in screenees were 25.0 and 2.4%, respectively. The sensitivities of FOBT were about 80% for Dukes B or C colorectal cancers and 63.4% for Dukes A.

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Review Article

Lung Cancer Screening with Low-Dose Chest CT: Current Issues: Myeong Im Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2004;36(3):163-166. Published online June 30, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2004.36.3.163

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Computed tomography offers many advantages over routine radiographs in screening for lung cancer, and it is clear that low-dose spiral CT screening can more frequently find considerably smaller lung cancers than previous detection tools. Recently, investigators have performed low-dose spiral CT scanning for screening of lung cancer, and have suggested that CT screening can depict lung cancers at smaller sizes and at earlier stages. With technological advances in spiral CT scanners, the detection rate of small noncalcified pulmonary nodules has markedly increased, with higher rates noted with thinner collimation of CT scanning. Unfortunately, the majority of these have proved to be benign, i.e. false positive results. If, even in part, CT features could be found to predict benign nodules without follow-up, the false-positive rate would be reduced, and consequently, the cost, emotional stress, radiation dose, morbidity and mortality associated with interventional procedures would also be reduced. There have been several studies trying to establish reliable CT features for benign lesions in small pulmonary nodules and to determine their outcome. Although these efforts have not completely resolved the issue of false positive results, it is expected that lessons will be learnt on how to manage these small nodules through experience with screening in the near future. Because pulmonary nodules on CT are much more common in Korea than in western countries, the management algorithm for screening CT-detected nodules should be modified according to different circumstances, with consensus among related physicians and radiologists. In addition, to enhance patient care and avoid misunderstanding of inherent limitation of CT screening by the screening subjects, physicians, hospital managers as well as radiologists should provide proper information regarding CT screening to the screenees.

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