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Pediatric cancer
The Efficacy of Alternate Systemic Intravenous Chemotherapy and Intra-arterial Chemotherapy Approach for Eye Globe Salvage in Retinoblastoma
Jung Woo Han, Christopher Seungkyu Lee, Seung Min Hahn, Won Kee Ahn, Hyo Sun Kim, Hyeseon Yun, Sung Chul Lee, Byung Moon Kim, Dong Joon Kim, Chuhl Joo Lyu
Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(1):270-278.   Published online May 24, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1537
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The advances in the treatment of retinoblastoma have enabled salvaging the globe in advanced stages with intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC). We developed a strategy of alternate application of systemic intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) and IAC (referred to as alternate systemic IVC and IAC; ASIAC) to reduce central nervous metastases during IAC and examined its efficacy and safety in eye globe salvage in this study.
Materials and Methods
Between January 2010 and February 2021, 43 eyes of 40 patients received ASIAC treatment for retinoblastoma at the Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System. Their medical records were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the eye salvage rate (ESR), defined from diagnosis to enucleation. High-risk retinoblastoma was defined as group D or E by the International Classification of Retinoblastoma.
Results
The study enrolled 38 and five cases of high-risk and low-risk retinoblastoma, respectively. In total, 178 IAC and 410 IVC courses were administered, with a median of 4 (interquartile range [IQR], 3.0 to 5.0) IAC and 9 (IQR, 6.0 to 11) IVC courses per eye, respectively. The 5-year ESR was 60.4%±8.7% for the whole cohort, 100% for low-risk retinoblastoma, and 53.6%±9.8% for high-risk retinoblastoma. Among those diagnosed since 2015, the 5-year ESR for high-risk retinoblastoma was 63.5%±14.0%. Fifteen eyes underwent enucleation; no viable tumor was found in three enucleated eyes. There were no deaths in this cohort.
Conclusion
Primary IAC-IVC (i.e., ASIAC) for patients with retinoblastoma was tolerable and effective in salvaging the eye and maintaining survival.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Selective ophthalmic arterial injection using a balloon catheter for retinoblastoma: a seven-year clinical evaluation
    Sota Oguro, Yi Ning Chen, Takashi Yamane, Makoto Mohri, Shigenobu Suzuki
    Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology.2024; 68(4): 346.     CrossRef
  • Hematological Second Primary Malignancy in Pediatric Retinoblastoma: A Case Report and Systematic Review
    Seung Hyun Park, Hyun Young Park, Heejin Kim, Jung Woo Han, Jin Sook Yoon
    Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery.2024; 40(5): 487.     CrossRef
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Prognostic Role of Rb, p16, Cyclin D1 Proteins in Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Byoung Yong Shim, Jinyoung Yoo, Yeon-Soo Lee, Young Sun Hong, Hoon-Kyo Kim, Jin-Hyoung Kang
Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(3):144-150.   Published online September 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.3.144
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

The aim of this study was to determine the expressions of Rb, p16, and cyclin D1 in soft tissue sarcomas, and we also wanted to identify the prognostic factors according to the clinicalpathologic features.

Materials and Methods

We reviewed the charts and radiographic films of 66 sarcoma patients. Tissue samples were collected from these patients. Immunochemistry was performed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples to examine the expressions of p16, Rb, and cyclin D1 proteins.

Results

The median duration of overall survival was 47.8 months (range, 20.0 to 70.7 months) and the 5 years survival rate was 39%. As for the correlation between the degree of immunohistochemical staining for Rb protein and the histological tumor grades, there was a significant difference with a p-value of 0.019. However, no significant correlation was shown for p16 and cyclin D1. The overall survival duration of the Rb negative group (staining cell <20%) and the heterogeneous group (cell staining 20 to 80%) was 53.5±6.6 months and the overall survival duration of the Rb homogeneous group was 18.3±6.4 months, and there was a significant difference with a p-value of 0.016. However, no significant difference was shown between the survival rate according to the p16 and cyclin D1 expressions. On the multivariate analysis that was done with Rb, p16, the tumor size, grade and site, and patient age, the Rb gene expression was the most significant independent prognostic factor with a risk ratio of 3.01 (p=0.04).

Conclusion

The expression of Rb protein was correlated with the histologic grade and overall survival of patients with soft tissue sarcomas.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Immunohistochemical Expression of p16 and CDK4 in Soft Tissue Tumors
    Mala Sagar, Rita Yadav, Pankaj Deval, Madhu Kumar, Malti K Maurya, Sumaira Qayoom
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Carcinosarcoma, a Rare Malignant Neoplasm of the Pancreas
    Jaffar Khan, Liang Cheng, Michael G. House, Shunhua Guo
    Current Oncology.2021; 28(6): 5295.     CrossRef
  • Co-expression of MDM2 and CDK4 in transformed human mesenchymal stem cells causes high-grade sarcoma with a dedifferentiated liposarcoma-like morphology
    Yu Jin Kim, Mingi Kim, Hyung Kyu Park, Dan Bi Yu, Kyungsoo Jung, Kyoung Song, Yoon-La Choi
    Laboratory Investigation.2019; 99(9): 1309.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic significance of p16INK4a alteration in soft tissue sarcomas: A meta-analysis
    Gang Lin, Yue Lou
    Indian Journal of Cancer.2017; 54(3): 580.     CrossRef
  • GATA3 Expression Is a Poor Prognostic Factor in Soft Tissue Sarcomas
    Toshiaki Haraguchi, Hiroaki Miyoshi, Koji Hiraoka, Shintaro Yokoyama, Yukinao Ishibashi, Toshihiro Hashiguchi, Koutaro Matsuda, Tetsuya Hamada, Takahiro Okawa, Naoto Shiba, Koichi Ohshima, Ichiro Aoki
    PLOS ONE.2016; 11(6): e0156524.     CrossRef
  • Sarcoma spreads primarily through the vascular system: are there biomarkers associated with vascular spread?
    Elisabetta Pennacchioli, Giulio Tosti, Massimo Barberis, Tommaso M. De Pas, Francesco Verrecchia, Claudia Menicanti, Alessandro Testori, Giovanni Mazzarol
    Clinical & Experimental Metastasis.2012; 29(7): 757.     CrossRef
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Clinical Results of Chemotherapy based Treatment in Retinoblastoma Patients: A Single Center Experience
Hyery Kim, Ji Won Lee, Hyoung Jin Kang, Hyeon Jin Park, Yoon Yi Kim, Hee Young Shin, Young Suk Yu, Il Han Kim, Hyo Seop Ahn
Cancer Res Treat. 2008;40(4):164-171.   Published online December 31, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2008.40.4.164
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular malignancy in children. Since the 1990s, chemotherapy was indicated for intraocluar disease to reduce the frequency of enucleation and spare the complications associated with external beam radiation. In this study, we analyzed treatment results of retinoblastoma in our institute.

Materials and Methods

Datas from children diagnosed with retinoblastoma and treated at Seoul National University Children's Hospital between 1986 and 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. We utilized cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin, and methotrexate (CVAM) for OPD-based adjuvant chemotherapy. From 1990, primary chemotherapy was administered to patients with intraocular disease for eyeball-saving and patients received a combination of etoposide, vincristine, cisplatin (or ifosfamide) as a moderately intensive regimen, or a combination of cisplatin, doxorubicin, etoposide, and cycophosphamide (CDEC) as a highly intensive regimen.

Results

One hundred eighteen children were analyzed. There were 68 unilateral and 50 bilateral diseases. The median age at diagnosis was 1 year and Reese-Ellsworth stage V was the most common stage at the time of diagnosis. All patients were treated by chemotherapy-based multimodality methods, and primary chemotherapy was administered to 80 patients. The 10-year overall and event-free survival rate of all patients were 93.9% and 91.6%, respectively. Two patients who died were in the CDEC regimen group, but there was no significant statistical difference in survival rates by chemotherapy regimens. Fifty-six of 114 eyeballs were saved after primary chemotherapy-based treatment, and the eyeball-saving rate was 49.1%. Six patients relapsed after enucleation and 2 patients were treated successfully after autologous PBSCT. Osteosarcoma occurred in 2 patients as a secondary malignancy, and facial asymmetry after radiotherapy was the most common long-term sequelae.

Conclusions

In this study, the overall and event-free survival rates of retinoblastoma were satisfactory and eye-saving was possible with primary chemotherapy. Development of new chemotherapeutic regimens and a team approach are necessary to improve the eyeball-saving rate.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The Efficacy of Alternate Systemic Intravenous Chemotherapy and Intra-arterial Chemotherapy Approach for Eye Globe Salvage in Retinoblastoma
    Jung Woo Han, Christopher Seungkyu Lee, Seung Min Hahn, Won Kee Ahn, Hyo Sun Kim, Hyeseon Yun, Sung Chul Lee, Byung Moon Kim, Dong Joon Kim, Chuhl Joo Lyu
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(1): 270.     CrossRef
  • Global retinoblastoma survival and globe preservation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of associations with socioeconomic and health-care factors
    Emily S Wong, Richard W Choy, Yuzhou Zhang, Wai Kit Chu, Li Jia Chen, Chi Pui Pang, Jason C Yam
    The Lancet Global Health.2022; 10(3): e380.     CrossRef
  • Twenty-Year Retrospective Study of Post-Enucleation Chemotherapy in High-Risk Patients with Unilateral Retinoblastoma
    Yoon Sunwoo, Jung Yoon Choi, Hyun Jin Park, Bo Kyung Kim, Kyung Taek Hong, Sang In Khwarg, Jaemoon Koh, Sung-Hye Park, Dong Hyun Jo, Jeong Hun Kim, Jung-Eun Cheon, Hyoung Jin Kang
    Children.2022; 9(12): 1983.     CrossRef
  • Development of New Solitary Retinoblastoma Tumors during and after Chemotherapy
    Won Jong Choi, Dong Hyun Jo, Hyoung Jin Kang, Hee Young Shin, Young Suk Yu, Jeong Hun Kim
    Korean Journal of Ophthalmology.2021; 35(1): 73.     CrossRef
  • Outcomes of pediatric retinoblastoma treated with ICEV regimen: A single-center study
    Jassada Buaboonnam, Nattee Narkbunnam, Nassawee Vathana, Chayamon Takpradit, Kamon Phuakpet, Bunchoo Pongtanakul, Sasima Tongsai, La-Ongsri Atchaneeyasakul, Kleebsabai Sanpakit
    Pediatric Hematology and Oncology.2019; 36(2): 73.     CrossRef
  • Conservative management of retinoblastoma: Challenging orthodoxy without compromising the state of metastatic grace. “Alive, with good vision and no comorbidity”
    Francis L. Munier, Maja Beck-Popovic, Guillermo L. Chantada, David Cobrinik, Tero T. Kivelä, Dietmar Lohmann, Philippe Maeder, Annette C. Moll, Angel Montero Carcaboso, Alexandre Moulin, Paula Schaiquevich, Ciara Bergin, Paul J. Dyson, Susan Houghton, Fra
    Progress in Retinal and Eye Research.2019; 73: 100764.     CrossRef
  • Outcomes of Proton Beam Radiation Therapy for Retinoblastoma With Vitreous Seeds
    Eun Hye Jung, Jeong Hun Kim, Joo Young Kim, Dong Hyun Jo, Young Suk Yu
    Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology.2018; 40(8): 569.     CrossRef
  • Diosmetin protects against retinal injury via reduction of DNA damage and oxidative stress
    Zeren Shen, Jinjin Shao, Jiabin Dai, Yuchen Lin, Xiaochun Yang, Jian Ma, Qiaojun He, Bo Yang, Ke Yao, Peihua Luo
    Toxicology Reports.2016; 3: 78.     CrossRef
  • Favorable outcome of alternate systemic and intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma
    Seung Min Hahn, Hyo Sun Kim, Dong Joon Kim, Sung Chul Lee, Chuhl Joo Lyu, Jung Woo Han
    Pediatric Hematology and Oncology.2016; 33(1): 74.     CrossRef
  • Diagnosis & Treatment of Retinoblastoma: Current Review
    Heewon Chueh
    Clinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology.2015; 22(1): 38.     CrossRef
  • High‐dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue for treatment of retinoblastoma: Report of five cases
    Désirée Caselli, Angela Tamburini, Agostino La Torre, Liliana Pollazzi, Veronica Tintori, Franco Bambi, Roberto Caputo, Maurizio Aricò
    Pediatric Transplantation.2014; 18(6): 631.     CrossRef
  • Superselective ophthalmic artery infusion of melphalan for intraocular retinoblastoma: preliminary results from 140 treatments
    Carlo Venturi, Sandra Bracco, Alfonso Cerase, Samuele Cioni, Paolo Galluzzi, Paola Gennari, Ignazio M. Vallone, Rebecca Tinturini, Cesare Vittori, Sonia De Francesco, Mauro Caini, Alfonso D’Ambrosio, Paolo Toti, Alessandra Renieri, Theodora Hadjistilianou
    Acta Ophthalmologica.2013; 91(4): 335.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the diagnostic value of MR imaging and ophthalmoscopy for the staging of retinoblastoma
    Aman Khurana, Christina A. Eisenhut, Wenshuai Wan, Katayoon B. Ebrahimi, Chirag Patel, Joan M. O’Brien, Kristen Yeom, Heike E. Daldrup-Link
    European Radiology.2013; 23(5): 1271.     CrossRef
  • Anti-apoptotic effect of clusterin on cisplatin-induced cell death of retinoblastoma cells
    HYUN BEOM SONG, HYOUNG-OH JUN, JIN HYOUNG KIM, YOUNG SUK YU, KYU-WON KIM, BON HONG MIN, JEONG HUN KIM
    Oncology Reports.2013; 30(6): 2713.     CrossRef
  • Combined Treatment with an Oncolytic Adenovirus and Antitumor Activity of Vincristine against Retinoblastoma Cells
    Xin Song, Haibo Wang, Renbing Jia, Biyun Cun, Xiaoping Zhao, Yixiong Zhou, Xiaofang Xu, Guanxiang Qian, Shengfang Ge, Xianqun Fan
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2012; 13(9): 10736.     CrossRef
  • Long Term Follow-up Results of External Beam Radiotherapy as Primary Treatment for Retinoblastoma
    Sang Yul Choi, Mi-Sook Kim, SungYul Yoo, ChulKoo Cho, YoungHoon Ji, KumBae Kim, YoungSeok Seo, Kyung Duk Park, JunAh Lee, Tai-Won Lee
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(4): 546.     CrossRef
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Cyclin D1 Overexpression, p16 Loss, and pRb Inactivation Play a Key Role in Pulmonary Carcinogenesis and have a Prognostic Implication for the Long-term Survival in Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma Patients
Na-Hye Myong
Cancer Res Treat. 2008;40(2):45-52.   Published online June 30, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2008.40.2.45
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

We investigated the immunoexpressions of cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16 and phosphorylated retinoblastoma (p-pRb) proteins in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) to demonstrate their key roles in tumorigenesis, their relationship with the clinicopathologic factors, and their prognostic influences on the long-term survival.

Materials and Methods

115 surgically resected NSCLCs were immunohistochemically stained for the G1/S cell cycle proteins, with using a tissue microarray. The correlation between their immunoexpressions and the clinicopathologic prognostic factors, their inter-relationships and their single or combined effects on the long-term survival (over 5 years) were statistically analyzed by SPSS15.0.

Results

Loss of p16 was found in 75% of the cases and cyclin D1 overexpression and phosphorylated pRb (p-pRb) were found in 64% and 46%, respectively. Cyclin D1 overexpression was correlated with the p16 loss and pRb inactivation by phosphorylation. The p16 loss was tightly associated with p-pRb. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves disclosed that the cyclin D1-positive group and the p16-negative group showed a rapid decline of survival at the point of about 5 years after surgery and thereafter. The combined actions of cyclin D1 overexpression, loss of p16 and pRb inactivation tended to have an adverse influence on the prolonged survival.

Conclusions

The observation that cyclin D1 overexpression, p16 loss and pRb inactivation were largely found in NSCLCs suggests that they play an important role in pulmonary carcinogenesis. Also, their inverse or positive correlations indicate that the G1/S cell cycle proteins may act alternatively or synergistically on the mechanisms by which tumor cells escape the G1 restriction point. Finally, their solitary or combined actions might have a long-term effect on the survival.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Human Papillomavirus Is Rare and Does Not Correlate with p16INK4A Expression in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in a Jordanian Subpopulation
    Ola Abu Al Karsaneh, Arwa Al Anber, Sahar AlMustafa, Hussien AlMa’aitah, Batool AlQadri, Abir Igbaria, Rama Tayem, Mustafa Khasawneh, Shaima Batayha, Tareq Saleh, Mohammad ALQudah, Maher Sughayer
    Medicina.2024; 60(4): 660.     CrossRef
  • RB1: governor of the cell cycle in health and disease—a primer for the practising pathologist
    Fleur Cordier, David Creytens
    Journal of Clinical Pathology.2024; 77(7): 435.     CrossRef
  • The Intersection of Genetic and Molecular Biology in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: Identifying Key Biomarkers and Pathways for Clinical Intervention
    Hema Shree K
    International Journal of Histopathological Interpretation.2024; 13(2): 1.     CrossRef
  • Effects of the p16/cyclin D1/CDK4/Rb/E2F1 pathway on aberrant lung fibroblast proliferation in neonatal rats exposed to hyperoxia
    Shimeng Zhao, Zhiguang Chen, Shuang Han, Hongmin Wu
    Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Co-Occurrence of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer and Second Primary Malignancy: Correlation with Expression Profiles of Mismatch Repair Protein and Cell Cycle Regulators
    Chih-Yi Liu, Ching-Shui Huang, Chi-Cheng Huang, Wei-Chi Ku, Hsing-Yu Shih, Chi-Jung Huang
    Cancers.2021; 13(21): 5486.     CrossRef
  • Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Destruction Mediated si-CyclinD1 Inhibits the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Suppression of PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway


    Wei Yan, Li Cheng, Dongmei Zhang
    Cancer Management and Research.2020; Volume 12: 10829.     CrossRef
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    Sheetal Chauhan, Seema Sen, Anjana Sharma, Seema Kashyap, Radhika Tandon, Neelam Pushker, Murugesan Vanathi, Shyam S. Chauhan
    Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology.2018; 26(6): e70.     CrossRef
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    William H. Goodson, Leroy Lowe, David O. Carpenter, Michael Gilbertson, Abdul Manaf Ali, Adela Lopez de Cerain Salsamendi, Ahmed Lasfar, Amancio Carnero, Amaya Azqueta, Amedeo Amedei, Amelia K. Charles, Andrew R. Collins, Andrew Ward, Anna C. Salzberg, An
    Carcinogenesis.2015; 36(Suppl 1): S254.     CrossRef
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    George Fotopoulos, Anna Gousia, Eleni Bareta, Epameinondas Koumpis, Sofia Chrisafi, Matthaios Bobos, Vassiliki Malamou‐Mitsi, George Fountzilas, Nicholas Pavlidis, George Pentheroudakis
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  • WITHDRAWN: Bronchial-pulmonary adenocarcinoma subtyping relates with different molecular pathways
    Vítor Sousa, Bruno Bastos, Maria Silva, Ana Maria Alarcão, Lina Carvalho
    Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between cyclin D1 G870A polymorphism and cervical cancer risk: a cumulative meta-analysis involving 2,864 patients and 3,898 controls
    Yuan-Yuan Hu, Rong Zheng, Chong Guo, Yu-Ming Niu
    Diagnostic Pathology.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Chordoma: the entity
    Youssef Yakkioui, Jacobus J. van Overbeeke, Remco Santegoeds, Manon van Engeland, Yasin Temel
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer.2014; 1846(2): 655.     CrossRef
  • RB1 in cancer: Different mechanisms of RB1 inactivation and alterations of pRb pathway in tumorigenesis
    Riccardo Di Fiore, Antonella D'Anneo, Giovanni Tesoriere, Renza Vento
    Journal of Cellular Physiology.2013; 228(8): 1676.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic and Predictive Value of Cell Cycle Deregulation in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
    William Sterlacci, Michael Fiegl, Alexandar Tzankov
    Pathobiology.2012; 79(4): 175.     CrossRef
  • Expression of Cyclin D1 Is Associated with β-Catenin Expression and Correlates with Good Prognosis in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma
    Kyu Yun Jang, Yo Na Kim, Jun Sang Bae, Myoung Ja Chung, Woo Sung Moon, Myoung Jae Kang, Dong Geun Lee, Ho Sung Park
    Translational Oncology.2012; 5(5): 370.     CrossRef
  • A Comprehensive Analysis of p16 Expression, Gene Status, and Promoter Hypermethylation In Surgically Resected Non-small Cell Lung Carcinomas
    William Sterlacci, Alexandar Tzankov, Lothar Veits, Bettina Zelger, Michel P. Bihl, Anja Foerster, Florian Augustin, Michael Fiegl, Spasenija Savic
    Journal of Thoracic Oncology.2011; 6(10): 1649.     CrossRef
  • Expression of p16 in non-small cell lung cancer and its prognostic significance: A meta-analysis of published literatures
    Jinlong Tong, Xinchen Sun, Hongyan Cheng, Di Zhao, Jun Ma, Qing Zhen, Yuandong Cao, Huiping Zhu, Jianling Bai
    Lung Cancer.2011; 74(2): 155.     CrossRef
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Germline Mutation of Rb1 Gene in Korean Retinoblastoma Patients
Ja Lok Ku, Young Suk Yu, Jae Gahb Park
J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(2):291-298.
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
Retinoblastoma is an intraocular tumor occurring almost exclusively in young children. Germline mutations in the Rb1 gene confer hereditary predisposition to retinoblastoma. To identify germline mutations in the Rb1 gene in Korean retinoblastoma patients, we analyzed germline mutations of the Rb1 gene in 4 Korean retinoblastoma patients from 3 families.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
All patients were bilaterally affected in early childhood. First patient and second patient were same family members (SNU-RB1-1 and -2), and in the third patient (SNU-RB2), tumor cells had metastasized to the central nervous system 2 years after treatment of retinoblastoma. Fourth patient (SNU-RB3) developed secondary osteosarcoma in the nasal cavity 15 years after treatment of retinoblastoma. We have used PCR-SSCP analysis and DNA sequencing analysis to screen germline mutations.
RESULTS
We found one missense mutation in the fourth patient (SNU-RB3). This was a point mutation from AAA (lysine) to GAA (glutamine) at codon 616 in exon 19 of the Rb1 gene.
CONCLUSION
We confirmed one germline mutation of the Rb1 gene in one Korean patient who had a sporadic bilateral retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma. Identification of the germline mutation in Rb1 gene would help to improve the presymptomatic diagnosis and clinical management of retinoblastoma patients.
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A Study on the Loss of Heterozygosity of the Retinoblastoma Gene in Primary Uterine Cervical Carcinomas
Chun Geun Lee, Young Ju Choi, Hong Ki Min, Joo Ho Kim, Youl Hee Cho, Jin Woo Kim, Jae Hoon Kim, Tae Eung Kim, Jae Keun Jung, Sung Eun Namkoong
J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1996;28(3):502-512.
AbstractAbstract PDF
Allelic deletions of tumor suppressor genes have been observed frequently in a variety of human tumors. These losses are believed to contribute to the development of human cancers. In order to detect loss of heterozygosity(LOH) within one of the well-known tumor suppressor gene, Rb(retinoblastoma), in primary uterine cervical cancers, we analysed four polymorphic intronic sites of Rb locus using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) in 55 primary cervical cancer tissues. The estimated heterozygote frequencies of intronl/BamHI, intronl7/XbaI, intron25/DraI, and intron 20 variable number of tandem repeat(VNTR) regions were 49%, 49%, 42%, and 80%, respectively. The observed frequencies of tumors with LOH at each locus were 21%(5 /24), 17%(5/29), 20%(5/20) and 44%(7/44) for intronl/BamHI, intronl7/XbaI, intron25/DraI and intron 20 VNTR polymorphic loci, respectively. The overall frequency of cervical cancer with at least one LOH at the Rb locus in this study was 14%(7/49), indicating that LOH at the Rb locus was not necessarily associated with cervical carcinogenesis. All the tumors showing LOH at the Rb locus were histologically moderatelv to poorly differentiated types and most of them(5 of the 7, 71%) were over FIGO stage II. These results suggest that the tumors with LOH at this locus may represent the general genomic instability which will contribute to the tumor progression and LOH of this gene may be used as one of the prognostic factors in cervical cancer in the future.
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Radiation Management for Prostate Cancer : External Beam Irradiation versus Iodine - 125 implantation
Young Kap Cho
J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1996;28(3):512-520.
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