Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Neoadjuvant Sintilimab Combined with Gemcitabine and Cisplatin (GP) for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC) Patients Followed by Selective Bladder Sparing Surgery: A Phase 2 Trial: Zhou Tong, Guanghou Fu, Feng Zhou, Xiaoyan Liu, Xing Xue, Hangyu Zhang, Yimin Wang, Xudong Zhu, Yang Gao, Lulu Liu, Xuanwen Bao, Yi Zheng, Weijia Fang, Peng Zhao, Baiye Jin; Received February 24, 2025 Accepted April 22, 2025 Published online April 28, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2025.214 [Accepted]

Abstract PDF: Purpose
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of GP regimen in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitor sintilimab as neoadjuvant therapy for MIBC patients and the feasibility of the following selective bladder sparing surgery.
Materials and Methods
Patients with histopathological confirmed urothelial carcinoma without distant metastases (T2-4a, N≤1, M0, AJCC 8th) and with adequate organ function will be enrolled. The therapeutic regimen was sintilimab 200 mg once on day 8, gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 and cisplatin 35 mg/m2 once on days 1 and 8, every 21 days for four cycles. The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR, pT0N0) rate. The secondary end points were ypT<2 rate, R0 resection rate, event free survival and safety.
Results
From May 4, 2020, to May 20, 2023, 55 patients were enrolled. Forty-six patients were evaluated for efficacy. Among the 42 patients who underwent surgery, 16 patients (38.0%) achieved pCR. 33 patients (78.6%) achieved pT<2. With a median follow-up of 15.7 months, the 1-year EFS was 91.3%. Notwithstanding the poor pathological baseline characteristic of a high T3-T4a proportion (39.1%), a promising bladder preservation (including 22 patients TURBT, 5 patients partial cystectomy and 4 surveillances) rate was achieved (67.4%). The most common grade ≥3 TRAEs was neutropenia (n=15, 27.3%), which was related to chemotherapy. There were no grade 3 immune-related AEs.
Conclusion
Neoadjuvant GP plus sintilimab is a promising regimen for MIBC patients, with relatively high pT<2 rate and triggering the emerging roles for the MDT decision-making for bladder sparing surgery.

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Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Therapy: Essential or Optional?: Di Zhang, Luo Yang, Yuan Zheng, Qi Zhou; Received December 31, 2024 Accepted April 20, 2025 Published online April 24, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.1254 [Accepted]

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) on survival outcomes in breast cancer (BC) patients who have already undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by surgery.
Materials and Methods
Data from a population-based cohort (2010-2020) were analyzed for BC patients treated with NAC and surgery. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression identified prognostic factors for overall survival (OS), and a nomogram was developed and validated. Personalized scores from the nomogram were used for risk stratification to assess the effect of postoperative AC.
Results
A total of 15,921 BC patients were analyzed, with 11,144 in the training cohort and 4,777 in the validation cohort. The key prognostic indicators for OS included age, race, marital status, histological grade, breast cancer subtype, T stage, N stage, type of surgery, and response to NAC (all p<0.05). The nomogram effectively predicted individualized OS rates and stratified patients into various risk categories. Postoperative AC was found to significantly enhance OS in the high-risk subgroup (p=0.011 in the training cohort, p=0.012 in the overall population). However, for the low-risk subgroup, there was no significant survival benefit from postoperative AC (p=0.130 for the training cohort, p=0.588 for the overall population), suggesting that some patients might safely forgo unnecessary postoperative AC.
Conclusion
This study efficiently differentiates between varying levels of risk, enabling clinicians to identify patients unlikely to benefit from postoperative AC and thus reduce the likelihood of overtreatment.

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Lung and Thoracic cancer

Histological Assessment and Interobserver Agreement in Major Pathologic Response for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer with Neoadjuvant Therapy: Sungjin Kim, Jeonghyo Lee, Jin-Haeng Chung; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(2):401-411. Published online September 9, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.670

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
Major pathologic response (MPR), defined as ≤ 10% of residual viable tumor (VT), is a prognostic factor in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after neoadjuvant therapy. This study evaluated interobserver reproducibility in assessing MPR, compared area-weighted and unweighted VT (%) calculation, and determined optimal VT (%) cutoffs across histologic subtypes for survival prediction.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study included 108 patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiation at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between 2009-2018. Three observers with varying expertise independently assessed tumor bed and VT (%) based on digital whole-slide images.
Results
Reproducibility in tumor bed delineation was reduced in squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) with smaller tumor bed, although overall concordance was high (Dice coefficient, 0.96; intersection-over-union score, 0.92). Excellent agreement was achieved for VT (%) (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.959) and MPR using 10% cutoff (Fleiss’ kappa=0.911). Shifting between area-weighted and unweighted VT (%) showed only one case differing in MPR status out of 81 cases. The optimal cutoff was 10% for both adenocarcinoma (ADC) and SqCC. MPR+ was observed in 18 patients (17%), with SqCC showing higher MPR+ rates (p=0.044), lower VT (%) (p < 0.001), and better event-free survival (p=0.015) than ADC. MPR+ significantly improved overall survival (p=0.023), event-free survival (p=0.001), and lung cancer-specific survival (p=0.012).
Conclusion
While MPR assessment demonstrated robust reproducibility with minimal impact from the tumor bed, attention is warranted when evaluating smaller tumor beds in SqCC. A 10% cutoff reliably predicted survival across histologic subtypes with higher interobserver reproducibility.

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Breast cancer

A Single-Arm Phase II Clinical Trial of Fulvestrant Combined with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy of ER+/HER2– Locally Advanced Breast Cancer: Integrated Analysis of ¹⁸F-FES PET-CT and Metabolites with Treatment Response: Qing Shao, Ningning Zhang, Xianjun Pan, Wenqi Zhou, Yali Wang, Xiaoliang Chen, Jing Wu, Xiaohua Zeng; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(1):126-139. Published online July 9, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.1251

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
This Phase II trial was objected to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding fulvestrant to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)– locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Additionally, the study aimed to investigate the association of 16α-18F-fluoro-17β-fluoroestradiol (¹⁸F-FES) positron emission tomography (PET)–computed tomography (CT) and metabolites with efficacy.
Materials and Methods
Fulvestrant and EC-T regimen were given to ER+/HER2– LABC patients before surgery. At baseline, patients received ¹⁸F-FES PET-CT scan, and plasma samples were taken for liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included total pathologic complete response (tpCR) and safety.
Results
Among the 36 patients enrolled, the ORR was 86.1%, the tpCR rate was 8.3%. The incidence of grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events was 22%. The decrease in ER value in sensitive patients was larger than that in non-sensitive patients, as was Ki-67 (p < 0.05). The maximum standardized uptake value, mean standardized uptake values, total lesion ER expression of ¹⁸F-FES PET-CT in sensitive patients were significantly higher than those in non-sensitive patients (p < 0.05). Moreover, these parameters were significantly correlated with Miller and Payne grade and the change in ER expression before and after treatment (p < 0.05). Thirteen differential expressed metabolites were identified, which were markedly enriched in 19 metabolic pathways.
Conclusion
This regimen demonstrated acceptable toxicity and encouraging antitumor efficacy. ¹⁸F-FES PET-CT might serve as a tool to predict the effectiveness of this therapy. Altered metabolites or metabolic pathways might be associated with treatment response.

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Gastrointestinal cancer

Clinical Outcomes of Surgery after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Yoo Na Lee, Min Kyu Sung, Dae Wook Hwang, Yejong Park, Bong Jun Kwak, Woohyung Lee, Ki Byung Song, Jae Hoon Lee, Changhoon Yoo, Kyu-Pyo Kim, Heung-Moon Chang, Baek-Yeol Ryoo, Song Cheol Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(4):1240-1251. Published online June 19, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.977

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Purpose
Clinical outcomes of surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy have not been investigated for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), despite well-established outcomes in borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC). This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients with LAPC who underwent curative resection following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma between January 2017 and December 2020.
Results
Among 1,358 patients, 260 underwent surgery following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Among 356 LAPC patients, 98 (27.5%) and 147 (35.1%) of 418 BRPC patients underwent surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Compared to resectable pancreatic cancer (resectable PC) with upfront surgery, both LAPC and BRPC exhibited higher rates of venous resection (28.6% vs. 49.0% vs. 4.0%), arterial resection (30.6% vs. 6.8% vs. 0.5%) and greater estimated blood loss (260.5 vs. 213.1 vs. 70.4 mL). However, hospital stay, readmission rates, and postoperative pancreatic fistula rates (grade B or C) did not differ significantly between LAPC, BRPC, and resectable PC. Overall and relapse-free survival did not differ significantly between LAPC and BRPC patients. The median overall survival was 37.3 months for LAPC and 37.0 months for BRPC. The median relapse-free survival was 22.7 months for LAPC and 26.0 months for BRPC.
Conclusion
Overall survival time and postoperative complications in LAPC patients who underwent curative resection following neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed similar results to those of BRPC patients. Further research is needed to identify specific sub-populations of LAPC patients who benefit most from conversion surgery and to minimize postoperative complications.

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Breast cancer

Implication of Pre- and Post-radiotherapy ctDNA Dynamics in Patients with Residual Triple-Negative Breast Cancer at Surgery after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Findings from a Prospective Observational Study: Tae Hoon Lee, Haeyoung Kim, Yeon Jeong Kim, Woong-Yang Park, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Nalee Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):531-537. Published online November 10, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.996

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study aims to determine the association between pre- and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) dynamics and oncological outcomes in patients with residual triple-negative breast cancer who underwent surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).
Materials and Methods
Between March 2019 and July 2020, 11 nonmetastatic patients with residual disease who underwent surgery after NAC were prospectively enrolled. In each patient, tumor specimens obtained during surgery and blood samples collected at three time points during PORT (T0: pre-PORT, T1: 3 weeks after PORT, T2: 1 month after PORT) were sequenced, targeting 38 cancer-related genes. Disease-free survival (DFS) was evaluated and the association between DFS and ctDNA dynamics was analyzed.
Results
At T0, ctDNA was detected in three (27.2%) patients. The ctDNA dynamics were as follows: two showed a decreasing ctDNA variant allele frequency (VAF) and reached zero VAF at T2, while one patient exhibited an increasing VAF during PORT and maintained an elevated VAF at T2. After a median follow-up of 48 months, two patients experienced distant metastasis without any locoregional failures. All failures occurred in patients with ctDNA positivity at T0 and a decreased VAF after PORT. The 4-year DFS rates according to the T0 ctDNA status were 67% (positive ctDNA) and 100% (negative ctDNA) (p=0.032).
Conclusion
More than a quarter of the patients with residual disease after post-NAC surgery exhibited pre-PORT ctDNA positivity, and ctDNA positivity was associated with poor DFS. For patients with pre-PORT ctDNA positivity, the administration of a more effective systemic treatment should be considered.

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Role of circulating tumor DNA in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Diana Zhang, Shayesteh Jahanfar, Judy B. Rabinowitz, Joshua Dower, Fei Song, Cherng-Horng Wu, Xiao Hu, Phillip Tracy, Mark Basik, Arielle Medford, Po-Han Lin, Chiun-Sheng Huang, Francois-Clement Bidard, Shufang Renault, Lori Pai, Mary Buss, Heather A. Par
Breast Cancer Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Multiple drugs

Reactions Weekly.2024; 2033(1): 183. CrossRef

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Gastrointestinal cancer

NESC Multicenter Phase II Trial in the Preoperative Treatment of Gastric Adenocarcinoma with Chemotherapy (Docetaxel-Cisplatin-5FU+Lenograstim) Followed by Chemoradiation Based 5FU and Oxaliplatin and Surgery: Laurent Mineur, Frederi Plat, Françoise Desseigne, Gael Deplanque, Mohamed Belkacemi, Laurence Moureau-Zabotto, Carlos D. Beyrne, Khadija Jalali, Stéphane Obled, Denis Smith, Léa Vazquez, Rania Boustany; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):580-589. Published online October 5, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.812

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Preoperative chemoradiation (CRT) is expected to increase the rate of curative resection and complete histological response. In this trial, we investigated the efficacy of a neoadjuvant CRT regimen in gastric adenocarcinoma (NCT01565109 trial).
Materials and Methods
Patients with stage IB to IIIC gastric adenocarcinoma, endoscopy ultrasound and computed tomography–scan diagnosed, were eligible for this phase II trial. Neoadjuvant treatment consisted of 2 cycles of chemotherapy with DCF (docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil [5FU]) followed by preoperative CRT with oxaliplatin, continuous 5FU and radiotherapy (45 Gy in 25 fractions of 1.8 Gy, 5 fractions per week for 5 weeks) administered before surgery. R0-resection rate, pathological complete response (pathCR) rate, and survival (progression-free survival [PFS] and overall survival [OS]) were evaluated as primary endpoints.
Results
Among 33 patients included, 32 patients (97%) received CRT and 26 (78.8%) were resected (R0 resection for all patients resected). Among resected patients, we report pathCR in 23,1% and pathologic major response (tumor regression grade 2 according to Mandard’s classification) in 26,9%. With a median follow-up duration of 5.82 years (range, 0.4 to 9.24 years), the estimated median OS for all 33 patients was not reached; 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 85%, 61%, and 52%, respectively. Among resected patients, those whose histological response was tumor grade regression (TRG) 1-2 had significantly better OS and PFS rates than those with a TRG 3-4-5 response (p=0.019 and p=0.016, respectively).
Conclusion
Promising results from trials involving preoperative chemoradiation followed by surgery in gastric cancer need to be further evaluated in a phase III trial.

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Efficacy of Cisplatin-Containing Chemotherapy Regimens in Patients of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Obaid Ur Rehman, Eeshal Fatima, Zain Ali Nadeem, Arish Azeem, Jatin Motwani, Habiba Imran, Hadia Mehboob, Alishba Khan, Omer Usman
Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer.2024; 55(2): 559. CrossRef
The Comparison of FLOT and DCF Regimens as Perioperative Treatment for Gastric Cancer
Gökhan Uçar, Serhat Sekmek, İrfan Karahan, Yakup Ergün, Özlem Aydın İsak, Sezai Tunç, Mutlu Doğan, Fatih Gürler, Doğan Bayram, Yusuf Açıkgöz, Selin Aktürk Esen , Burak Civelek, Fahriye Tuğba Köş , Öznur Bal, Efnan Algın, Tülay Eren, Gökşen İnanç İmamoğ
Oncology.2024; : 1. CrossRef

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Risk Stratification of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients Undergoing Curative-Intent Surgery after Neoadjuvant Therapy: Hyun Kyung Yang, Mi-Suk Park, Kyunghwa Han, Geonsik Eom, Yong Eun Chung, Jin-Young Choi, Seungmin Bang, Chang Moo Kang, Jinsil Seong, Myeong-Jin Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):247-258. Published online August 22, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.586

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Clinical prognostic criteria using preoperative factors were not developed for post–neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) surgery of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We aimed to identify preoperative factors associated with overall survival (OS) in PDAC patients who underwent post-NAT curative-intent surgery and develop risk stratification criteria.
Materials and Methods
Consecutive PDAC patients who underwent post-NAT curative-intent surgeries between 2007 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, laboratory, surgical, and histopathologic variables were collected. Baseline, preoperative, and interval changes of computed tomography (CT) findings proposed by the Society of Abdominal Radiology and the American Pancreatic Association were analyzed. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to select preoperative variables associated with OS. We developed risk stratification criteria composed of the significant preoperative variables, i.e., post-NAT response criteria. We compared the discrimination performance of post-NAT response criteria with that of post-NAT pathological (yp) American Joint Cancer Committee TNM staging system.
Results
One hundred forty-five PDAC patients were included. Stable or increased tumor size on CT (hazard ratio [HR], 2.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.58 to 4.21; p < 0.001) and elevated preoperative carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) level (HR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.11 to 3.55; p=0.021) were independent factors of OS. The OS of the patient groups stratified by post-NAT response criteria which combined changes in tumor size and CA19-9 showed significant difference (p < 0.001). Such stratification was comparable to ypTNM staging in discrimination performance (difference of C-index, 0.068; 95% CI, –0.012 to 0.142).
Conclusion
“Any degree of decrease in tumor size on CT” and CA19-9 normalization or staying normal were independent favorable factors of OS. The combination of the two factors discriminated OS comparably to ypTNM staging.

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Prognostic factors in localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant therapy and resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Ammar A Javed, Alyssar Habib, Omar Mahmud, Asad Saulat Fatimi, Mahip Grewal, Nabiha Mughal, Jin He, Christopher L Wolfgang, Lois Daamen, Marc G Besselink
JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Breast cancer

Changes in Invasive Breast Carcinomas after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Can Influence Adjuvant Therapeutic Decisions: Bárbara Jaime dos Santos, Débora Balabram, Virginia Mara Reis Gomes, Carolina Costa Café de Castro, Paulo Henrique Costa Diniz, Marcelo Araújo Buzelin, Cristiana Buzelin Nunes; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):178-190. Published online August 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.386

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Purpose
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) can change invasive breast carcinomas (IBC) and influence the patients’ overall survival time (OS). We aimed to identify IBC changes after NACT and their association with OS.
Materials and Methods
IBC data in pre- and post-NACT samples of 86 patients were evaluated and associated with OS.
Results
Post-NACT tumors changed nuclear pleomorphism score (p=0.025); mitotic count (p=0.002); % of tumor-infiltrating inflammatory cells (p=0.016); presence of in situ carcinoma (p=0.001) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI; p=0.002); expression of estrogen (p=0.003), progesterone receptors (PR; p=0.019), and Ki67 (p=0.003). Immunohistochemical (IHC) profile changed in 26 tumors (30.2%, p=0.050). Higher risk of death was significatively associated with initial tumor histological grade III (hazard ratio [HR], 2.94), high nuclear pleomorphism (HR, 2.53), high Ki67 index (HR, 2.47), post-NACT presence of LVI (HR, 1.90), luminal B–like profile (HR, 2.58), pre- (HR, 2.26) and post-NACT intermediate mitotic count (HR, 2.12), pre- (HR, 4.45) and post-NACT triple-negative IHC profile (HR, 4.52). On the other hand, lower risk of death was significative associated with pre- (HR, 0.35) and post-NACT (HR, 0.39) estrogen receptor–positive, and pre- (HR, 0.37) and post-NACT (HR, 0.57) PR-positive. Changes in IHC profile were associated with longer OS (p=0.050). In multivariate analysis, pre-NACT grade III tumors and pre-NACT and post-NACT triple negative IHC profile proved to be independent factors for shorter OS.
Conclusion
NACT can change tumor characteristics and biomarkers and impact on OS; therefore, they should be reassessed on residual samples to improve therapeutic decisions.

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Tumor Microenvironment Can Predict Chemotherapy Response of Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Dongjin Kim, Yeuni Yu, Ki Sun Jung, Yun Hak Kim, Jae-Joon Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):162-177. Published online July 24, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.330

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer subtype that has poor prognosis and exhibits a unique tumor microenvironment. Analysis of the tumor microbiome has indicated a relationship between the tumor microenvironment and treatment response. Therefore, we attempted to reveal the role of the tumor microbiome in patients with TNBC receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
We collected TNBC patient RNA-sequencing samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus and extracted microbiome count data. Differential and relative abundance were estimated with linear discriminant analysis effect size. We calculated the immune cell fraction with CIBERSORTx and conducted survival analysis using the Cancer Genome Atlas patient data. Correlations between the microbiome and immune cell compositions were analyzed and a prediction model was constructed to estimate drug response.
Results
Among the pathological complete response group (pCR), the beta diversity varied considerably; consequently, 20 genera and 24 species were observed to express a significant differential and relative abundance. Pandoraea pulmonicola and Brucella melitensis were found to be important features in determining drug response. In correlation analysis, Geosporobacter ferrireducens, Streptococcus sanguinis, and resting natural killer cells were the most correlated factors in the pCR, whereas Nitrosospira briensis, Plantactinospora sp. BC1, and regulatory T cells were key features in the residual disease group.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that the microbiome analysis of tumor tissue can predict chemotherapy response of patients with TNBC. Further, the immunological tumor microenvironment may be impacted by the tumor microbiome, thereby affecting the corresponding survival and treatment response.

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Molecular Classification of Breast Cancer Using Weakly Supervised Learning
Wooyoung Jang, Jonghyun Lee, Kyong Hwa Park, Aeree Kim, Sung Hak Lee, Sangjeong Ahn
Cancer Research and Treatment.2025; 57(1): 116. CrossRef
Machine learning predictions of tumor progression: How reliable are we?
Molham Sakkal, Abdallah Abou Hajal
Computers in Biology and Medicine.2025; 191: 110156. CrossRef
Shotgun Metagenomics Reveals Minor Micro“bee”omes Diversity Defining Differences between Larvae and Pupae Brood Combs
Daniil Smutin, Amir Taldaev, Egor Lebedev, Leonid Adonin
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(2): 741. CrossRef

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Lung and Thoracic cancer

Tumor Microenvironment Modulation by Neoadjuvant Erlotinib Therapy and Its Clinical Impact on Operable EGFR-Mutant Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Beung-Chul Ahn, Charny Park, Moon Soo Kim, Jong Mog Lee, Jin Ho Choi, Hyae Young Kim, Geon Kook Lee, Namhee Yu, Youngjoo Lee, Ji-Youn Han; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):70-80. Published online June 21, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.482

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors have greatly improved survival in EGFR-mutant (EGFRm) non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, their effects on the tumor microenvironment (TME) are unknown. We assessed the changes induced by neoadjuvant erlotinib therapy (NE) in the TME of operable EGFRm NSCLC.
Materials and Methods
This was a single-arm phase II trial for neoadjuvant/adjuvant erlotinib therapy in patients with stage II/IIIA EGFRm NSCLC (EGFR exon 19 deletion or L858R mutations). Patients received up to 2 cycles of NE (150 mg/day) for 4 weeks, followed by surgery and adjuvant erlotinib or vinorelbine plus cisplatin therapy depending on observed NE response. TME changes were assessed based on gene expression analysis and mutation profiling.
Results
A total of 26 patients were enrolled; the median age was 61, 69% were female, 88% were stage IIIA, and 62% had L858R mutation. Among 25 patients who received NE, the objective response rate was 72% (95% confidence interval [CI], 52.4 to 85.7). The median disease-free and overall survival (OS) were 17.9 (95% CI, 10.5 to 25.4) and 84.7 months (95% CI, 49.7 to 119.8), respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis in resected tissues revealed upregulation of interleukin, complement, cytokine, transforming growth factor β, and hedgehog pathways. Patients with upregulated pathogen defense, interleukins, and T-cell function pathways at baseline exhibited partial response to NE and longer OS. Patients with upregulated cell cycle pathways at baseline exhibited stable/progressive disease after NE and shorter OS.
Conclusion
NE modulated the TME in EGFRm NSCLC. Upregulation of immune-related pathways was associated with better outcomes.

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Dual Inhibition of SYK and EGFR Overcomes Chemoresistance by Inhibiting CDC6 and Blocking DNA Replication
Jayaprakash Mandal, Tiffany Nicole Jones, Juliane Marie Liberto, Stephanie Gaillard, Tian-Li Wang, Ie-Ming Shih
Cancer Research.2024; 84(22): 3881. CrossRef

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Breast cancer

Prognostic Value of the Evolution of HER2-Low Expression after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Youzhao Ma, Mingda Zhu, Jingyang Zhang, Minhao Lv, Xiuchun Chen, Zhenzhen Liu; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1210-1221. Published online April 4, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1633

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–low advanced breast cancer can benefit from trastuzumab deruxtecan. Given the unclear prognostic characteristics of HER2-low breast cancer, we investigated the prognostic characteristics of HER2-low expression from primary tumor to residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).
Materials and Methods
The data of HER2-negative patients receiving NACT at our center were collected. Pathological complete response (pCR) rate were compared between HER2-0 and HER2-low patients. The evolution of HER2 expression from primary tumor to residual disease and its impact on disease-free survival (DFS) were examined.
Results
Of the 690 patients, 494 patients had HER2-low status, of which 72.3% were hormone receptor (HR)–positive (p < 0.001). The pCR rates of HER2-low and HER2-0 patients (14.2% vs. 23.0%) showed no difference in multivariate analysis regardless of HR status. No association was observed between DFS and HER2 status. Of the 564 non-pCR patients, 57 (10.1%) changed to HER2-positive, and 64 of the 150 patients (42.7%) with HER2-0 tumors changed to HER2-low. HER2-low (p=0.004) and HR-positive (p=0.010) tumors before NACT were prone to HER2 gain. HER2 gain patients had a better DFS compared with HER2-negative maintained patients (87.9% vs. 79.5%, p=0.048), and the DFS of targeted therapy group was better than that of no targeted therapy group (92.4% vs. 66.7%, p=0.016).
Conclusion
Although HER2-low did not affect the pCR rate and DFS, significant evolution of HER2-low expression after NACT creates opportunities for targeted therapy including trastuzumab.

Citations

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Preoperative Differentiation of HER2‐Zero and HER2‐Low from HER2‐Positive Invasive Ductal Breast Cancers Using BI‐RADS MRI Features and Machine Learning Modeling
Jiejie Zhou, Yang Zhang, Haiwei Miao, Ga Young Yoon, Jinhao Wang, Yezhi Lin, Hailing Wang, Yan‐Lin Liu, Jeon‐Hor Chen, Zhifang Pan, Min‐Ying Su, Meihao Wang
Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging.2025; 61(2): 928. CrossRef
The Modified Neo-Bioscore System for Staging Breast Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Therapy Based on Prognostic Significance of HER2-Low Expression
Yingying Zhao, Xinru Chen, Yaohui Wang, Xueqing Zhang, Jingsong Lu, Wenjin Yin
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(7): 1850. CrossRef
Comparison of the Pathological Complete Response Rate and Survival Between HER2-Low and HER2-Zero Breast Cancer in Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Setting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Mei Liu, Qin Xiang, Fengsheng Dai, Yixiao Yuan, Zhongjun Wu, Tingxiu Xiang
Clinical Breast Cancer.2024; 24(7): 575. CrossRef
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis in HER2-low and HER2-zero breast cancer patients by HR status: a retrospective study in China
Shaorong Zhao, Yuyun Wang, Angxiao Zhou, Xu Liu, Yi Zhang, Jin Zhang
PeerJ.2024; 12: e17492. CrossRef
Alteration of HER2 Status During Breast Cancer Progression: A Clinicopathological Analysis Focusing on HER2-Low Status
Kyungah Bai, Ji Won Woo, Hyun Jung Kwon, Yul Ri Chung, Koung Jin Suh, Se Hyun Kim, Jee Hyun Kim, So Yeon Park
Laboratory Investigation.2024; 104(8): 102092. CrossRef
HER2-Low Breast Cancer: Now and in the Future
Sora Kang, Sung-Bae Kim
Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(3): 700. CrossRef
Stable or at least once HER2-low status during neoadjuvant chemotherapy confers survival benefit in patients with breast cancer
Yingying Zhao, Xinru Chen, Yaohui Wang, Xueqing Zhang, Yumei Ye, Shuguang Xu, Liheng Zhou, Yanping Lin, Jingsong Lu, Wenjin Yin
Annals of Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The prognostic impact of Her2 status in early triple negative breast cancer: a Turkish Oncology Group (TOG) study
Neslihan Özyurt, Ali Alkan, Burcu Gülbağcı, Mustafa Seyyar, Esra Aşık, Mustafa Şahbazlar, Mehmet Türker, Oğuzcan Kınıkoğlu, Tahir Yerlikaya, Gülhan Dinç, Ali Aytaç, Ziya Kalkan, Senar Ebinç, İlkay Gültürk, Merve Keskinkılıç, Zehra Sucuoğlu İşleyen, Dilek
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Prognostic implications of HER2 changes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with HER2-zero and HER2-low breast cancer
Sora Kang, So Heun Lee, Hee Jin Lee, Hyehyun Jeong, Jae Ho Jeong, Jeong Eun Kim, Jin-Hee Ahn, Kyung Hae Jung, Gyungyub Gong, Hak Hee Kim, Saebyeol Lee, Jongwon Lee, Sung-Bae Kim
European Journal of Cancer.2023; : 112956. CrossRef

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Gastrointestinal cancer

Survival Benefit of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Who Underwent Surgery Following Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX: So Heun Lee, Dae Wook Hwang, Changhoon Yoo, Kyu-pyo Kim, Sora Kang, Jae Ho Jeong, Dongwook Oh, Tae Jun Song, Sang Soo Lee, Do Hyun Park, Dong Wan Seo, Jin-hong Park, Ki Byung Song, Jae Hoon Lee, Woohyung Lee, Yejong Park, Bong Jun Kwak, Heung-Moon Chang, Baek-Yeol Ryoo, Song Cheol Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(3):956-968. Published online February 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.409

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy following curative-intent surgery in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients who had received neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX is unclear. This study aimed to assess the survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in this patient population.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study included 218 patients with localized non-metastatic PDAC who received neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX and underwent curative-intent surgery (R0 or R1) between January 2017 and December 2020. The association of adjuvant chemotherapy with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was evaluated in overall patients and in the propensity score matched (PSM) cohort. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to the pathology-proven lymph node status.
Results
Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 149 patients (68.3%). In the overall cohort, the adjuvant chemotherapy group had significantly improved DFS and OS compared to the observation group (DFS: median, 13.8 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 11.0 to 19.1] vs. 8.2 months [95% CI, 6.5 to 12.0]; p < 0.001; and OS: median, 38.0 months [95% CI, 32.2 to not assessable] vs. 25.7 months [95% CI, 18.3 to not assessable]; p=0.005). In the PSM cohort of 57 matched pairs of patients, DFS and OS were better in the adjuvant chemotherapy group than in the observation group (p < 0.001 and p=0.038, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, adjuvant chemotherapy was a significant favorable prognostic factor (vs. observation; DFS: hazard ratio [HR], 0.51 [95% CI, 0.36 to 0.71; p < 0.001]; OS: HR, 0.45 [95% CI, 0.29 to 0.71; p < 0.001]).
Conclusion
Among PDAC patients who underwent surgery following neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX, adjuvant chemotherapy may be associated with improved survival. Randomized studies should be conducted to validate this finding.

Citations

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Prognostic factors in localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant therapy and resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Ammar A Javed, Alyssar Habib, Omar Mahmud, Asad Saulat Fatimi, Mahip Grewal, Nabiha Mughal, Jin He, Christopher L Wolfgang, Lois Daamen, Marc G Besselink
JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute.2025; 117(5): 840. CrossRef
The survival effect of neoadjuvant therapy and neoadjuvant plus adjuvant therapy on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients with different TNM stages: a propensity score matching analysis based on the SEER database
Hao Hu, Yang Xu, Qiang Zhang, Yuan Gao, Zhenyu Wu
Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.2024; 24(6): 467. CrossRef
Neoadjuvant treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Whom, when and how
Nebojsa Manojlovic, Goran Savic, Stevan Manojlovic
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2024; 16(5): 1223. CrossRef
Case Study on Analysing the Early Disease Detection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in Korean Association for Clinical Oncology
Sijithra Ponnarassery Chandran, N. Santhi
American Journal of Clinical Oncology.2024; 47(10): 475. CrossRef
Evaluating the benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing radical pancreatectomy after neoadjuvant therapy—a systematic review and meta-analysis
Jiahao Wu, Yike Zhang, Haodong Wang, Wenyi Guo, Chengqing Li, Yichen Yu, Han Liu, Feng Li, Lei Wang, Jianwei Xu
Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Breast cancer

Impact of Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy on Breast Cancer Patients According to Pathologic Nodal Status after Modern Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Dowook Kim, Jin Ho Kim, In Ah Kim, Ji Hyun Chang, Kyung Hwan Shin; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):592-602. Published online October 11, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.998

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The utility of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) for breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is highly controversial. This study evaluated the impact of PMRT according to pathologic nodal status after modern NAC.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 682 patients with clinical stage II-III breast cancer who underwent NAC and mastectomy from 2013 to 2017. In total, 596 patients (87.4%) received PMRT, and 86 (12.6%) did not. We investigated the relationships among locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS), disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and various prognostic factors. Subgroup analyses were also performed to identify patients who may benefit from PMRT.
Results
The median follow-up duration was 67 months. In ypN+ patients (n=368, 51.2%), PMRT showed significant benefits in terms of LRRFS, DFS, and OS (all p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, histologic grade (HG) III (p=0.002), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (p=0.045), and ypN2-3 (p=0.02) were significant risk factors for poor LRRFS. In ypN1 patients with more than two prognostic factors among luminal/human epidermal growth factor receptor-2–negative subtype, HG I-II, and absence of LVI, PMRT had no significant effect on LRRFS (p=0.18). In ypN0 patients (n=351, 48.8%), PMRT was not significantly associated with LRRFS, DFS, or OS. However, PMRT showed better LRRFS in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients (p=0.03).
Conclusion
PMRT had a major impact on treatment outcomes in patients with residual lymph nodes following NAC and mastectomy. Among ypN0 patients, PMRT may be beneficial only for those with TNBC.

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Impact of postmastectomy radiotherapy on locoregional recurrence and survival in patients with ypN0 breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review
Fangjie Ding, Junfeng Zhao, Xue Wu, Xiaoman Liu, Yunxing Yang, Ying Li, Lili Qiao, Yingying Zhang
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2025; 21(2): 477. CrossRef
Analysis of Individualized Silicone Rubber Bolus Using Fan Beam Computed Tomography in Postmastectomy Radiotherapy: A Dosimetric Evaluation and Skin Acute Radiation Dermatitis Survey
Xue-mei Chen, Chen-di Xu, Li-ping Zeng, Xiao-tong Huang, Ao-qiang Chen, Lu Liu, Liu-wen Lin, Le-cheng Jia, Hua Li, Xiao-bo Jiang
Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Does Post-Mastectomy Radiotherapy Confer Survival Benefits on Patients With 1-3 Clinically Positive Lymph Nodes Rendered Pathologically Negative After Neoadjuvant Systemic Chemotherapy: Consensus from A Pooled Analysis?
Munaser Alamoodi
European Journal of Breast Health.2024; 20(2): 81. CrossRef
Oncological outcomes of stage I–II breast cancer treatment after subcutaneous/skin-sparing mastectomies with reconstruction
E. A. Rasskazova, A. D. Zikiryakhodzhaev
MD-Onco.2024; 4(3): 37. CrossRef
Effectiveness of mat pilates on fatigue in women with breast cancer submitted to adjuvant radiotherapy: randomized controlled clinical trial
Daniele Medeiros Torres, Kelly de Menezes Fireman, Erica Alves Nogueira Fabro, Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler, Rosalina Jorge Koifman, Anke Bergmann, Sabrina da Silva Santos
Supportive Care in Cancer.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Role of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer Patients Who Become Clinically Node-Negative Following Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Literature Review
Giulia Ferrarazzo, Alberto Nieri, Emma Firpo, Andrea Rattaro, Alessandro Mignone, Flavio Guasone, Augusto Manzara, Giuseppe Perniciaro, Stefano Spinaci
Current Oncology.2023; 30(10): 8703. CrossRef

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Genitourinary cancer

Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Plus Gemcitabine/Cisplatin Chemotherapy in Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: Hongsik Kim, Byong Chang Jeong, Joohyun Hong, Ghee Young Kwon, Chan Kyo Kim, Won Park, Hongryull Pyo, Wan Song, Hyun Hwan Sung, Jung Yong Hong, Se Hoon Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):636-642. Published online October 6, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.343

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The activity and safety of neoadjuvant nivolumab plus gemcitabine/cisplatin (N+GC) were tested in patients with muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma (MIBC).
Materials and Methods
In a prospective phase II trial, patients with cT2-T4a N0 MIBC who were eligible for cisplatin and medically appropriate to undergo radical cystectomy (RC) were enrolled. Treatment with nivolumab 3 mg/kg on days 1 and 15 plus GC (cisplatin 70 mg/m2 on day 1, and gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15) was repeated every 28 days up to 3 or 4 cycles, depending on the surgery schedules. The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR, ypT0). Secondary endpoints included pathologic downstaging (≤ ypT1), disease-free survival (DFS), and safety.
Results
Between September 2019 and October 2020, 51 patients were enrolled. Neoadjuvant N+GC was well tolerated. Among 49 patients who completed neoadjuvant N+GC, clinical complete response (cCR) was achieved in 59% of intent-to-treat (ITT) population. RC was performed in 34 (69%) patients. pCR was achieved in 24% (12/49) of ITT population and 35% (12/34) of RC patients. Median DFS was not reached. Over a median follow-up of 24 months, 12 patients experienced disease recurrence and were treated with palliative therapy or surgery. Although 12 patients declined surgery and were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, DFS was longer in patients with cCR after neoadjuvant therapy than those without. Preoperative programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) did not correlate with pCR or pathologic downstaging rates.
Conclusion
Neoadjuvant N+GC was feasible and provided meaningful pathologic responses in patients with MIBC, regardless of baseline PD-L1 expression (ONO-4538-X41; CRIS.nih.go.kr, KCT0003804).

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Evaluating Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapeutic Response for Bladder Carcinoma Using Amide Proton Transfer-Weighted MRI
Lingmin Kong, Bei Weng, Qian Cai, Ling Ma, Wenxin Cao, Yanling Chen, Long Qian, Yan Guo, Junxing Chen, Huanjun Wang
Academic Radiology.2025; 32(4): 2090. CrossRef
Current and Future Role of Circulating DNA in the Diagnosis and Management of Urothelial Carcinoma
Joaquim Bellmunt, Brian M. Russell, Bernadett Szabados, Begoña P. Valderrama, Rosa Nadal
American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and combined chemotherapy with immunotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a propensity score-matched analysis
Hao Zhang
American Journal of Translational Research.2025; 17(1): 125. CrossRef
Improving Urothelial Carcinoma Outcomes: The Powerful Combination of Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Chemotherapy in the Perioperative Period
Jincong Li, Yuxuan Song, Rui Chen, Hanlin Gao, Yang Liu, Yun Peng, Jilin Wu, Shicong Lai, Yiqing Du, Caipeng Qin, Tao Xu
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The practical roadmap for peri-cystectomy approaches in muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Joseph Kattan, Clarisse Kattan, Fouad Aoun, Elie Nemr
Frontiers in Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a 2025 update
Ilias Giannakodimos, Afroditi Ziogou, Alexios Giannakodimos, Konstantinos Tzelepis, Zisis Kratiras, Evangelos Fragkiadis, Ioannis Zachos, Vasileios Tzortzis, Michael Chrisofos, Nikolaos Charalampakis
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Xinya Wang, Qin Zhou, Xuyan Zhang, Han Hu, Binlei Liu, Yang Wang
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Advancements in systemic therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A systematic review from the beginning to the latest updates
Takafumi Yanagisawa, Akihiro Matsukawa, Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh, Keiichiro Mori, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Paweł Rajwa, Fahad Quhal, Benjamin Pradere, Marco Moschini, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Jun Miki, Takahiro Kimura
Bladder Cancer.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors as Neoadjuvant Therapy for Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Network Meta-analysis
Akihiro Matsukawa, Angelo Cormio, Marcin Miszczyk, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Tamás Fazekas, Ichiro Tsuboi, Stefano Mancon, Robert J. Schulz, Giulio Litterio, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Paweł Rajwa, Thomas Seisen, Keiichiro Mori, Francesca Sanguedolce, Andrea Bened
European Urology Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitors or PD-L1 inhibitors for muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Shibo Huang, Yanping Huang, Chunyan Li, Yiwen Liang, Miaoyan Huang, Raoshan Luo, Weiming Liang
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
What’s new about the tumor microenvironment of urothelial carcinoma?
João Queirós Coelho, Maria João Ramos, Ridhi Ranchor, Rita Pichel, Laura Guerra, Hugo Miranda, Joana Simões, Sérgio Xavier Azevedo, Joana Febra, António Araújo
Clinical and Translational Oncology.2024; 26(7): 1549. CrossRef
A bibliometric insight into neoadjuvant chemotherapy in bladder cancer: trends, collaborations, and future avenues
Yi Huang, Chengxiao Liao, Zefeng Shen, Yitong Zou, Weibin Xie, Qinghua Gan, Yuhui Yao, JunJiong Zheng, Jianqiu Kong
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Bladder-sparing treatment using tislelizumab combined with gemcitabine/cisplatin in selected patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a real-world study
Cheng Luo, Shuhang Luo, Wumier Wusimanjiang, Zongren Wang, Ping Liu, Bin Wang, Dan Yuan, Hao Lin, Abai Xu, Nan Deng, Kaihui Wu, Xuejin Zhu, Peng Xu, Junxing Chen, Bin Huang
Clinical and Translational Oncology.2024; 26(7): 1759. CrossRef
Neoadjuvant Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy Followed by Selective Bladder Preservation Chemoradiotherapy in Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: Post Hoc Analysis of Two Prospective Studies
Sung Wook Cho, Sung Hee Lim, Ghee Young Kwon, Chan Kyo Kim, Won Park, Hongryull Pyo, Jae Hoon Chung, Wan Song, Hyun Hwan Sung, Byong Chang Jeong, Se Hoon Park
Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(3): 893. CrossRef
Perioperative Durvalumab with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Operable Bladder Cancer
Thomas Powles, James W.F. Catto, Matthew D. Galsky, Hikmat Al-Ahmadie, Joshua J. Meeks, Hiroyuki Nishiyama, Toan Quang Vu, Lorenzo Antonuzzo, Pawel Wiechno, Vagif Atduev, Ariel G. Kann, Tae-Hwan Kim, Cristina Suárez, Chao-Hsiang Chang, Florian Roghmann, M
New England Journal of Medicine.2024; 391(19): 1773. CrossRef
Klassische Chemotherapie, Immuntherapie oder adjuvante Strahlentherapie – Wie können wir die onkologischen Ergebnisse der radikalen Zystektomie verbessern?
Pia Paffenholz, Stefanie Zschäbitz
Die Urologie.2024; 63(10): 994. CrossRef
Recent developments in perioperative combination therapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Jan-Jaap J. Mellema, Bas W.G. van Rhijn, Michiel S. van der Heijden
Current Opinion in Urology.2023; 33(5): 404. CrossRef

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17 Crossref

Gynecologic cancer

Genomic Correlates of Unfavorable Outcome in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation: Yuchun Wei, Chuqing Wei, Liang Chen, Ning Liu, Qiuxiang Ou, Jiani C. Yin, Jiaohui Pang, Zhenhao Fang, Xue Wu, Xiaonan Wang, Dianbin Mu, Yang Shao, Jinming Yu, Shuanghu Yuan; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(4):1209-1218. Published online January 17, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.963

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Neoadjuvant therapy modality can increase the operability rate and mitigate pathological risks in locally advanced cervical cancer, but treatment response varies widely. It remains unclear whether genetic alterations correlate with the response to neoadjuvant therapy and disease-free survival (DFS) in locally advanced cervical cancer.
Materials and Methods
A total of 62 locally advanced cervical cancer (stage IB-IIA) patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus radical hysterectomy were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ tumor biopsy samples were comprehensively profiled using targeted next generation sequencing. Pathologic response to neoadjuvant treatment and DFS were evaluated against the association with genomic traits.
Results
Genetic alterations of PIK3CA were most frequent (37%), comparable to that of Caucasian populations from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The mutation frequency of genes including TERT, POLD1, NOS2, and FGFR3 was significantly higher in Chinese patients whereas RPTOR, EGFR, and TP53 were underrepresented in comparison to Caucasians. Germline mutations were identified in 21% (13/62) of the cohort and more than half (57%) had mutations in DNA damage repair genes, including BRCA1/2, TP53 and PALB2. Importantly, high tumor mutation burden, TP53 polymorphism (rs1042522), and KEAP1 mutations were found to be associated with poor pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation treatment. KEAP1 mutations, PIK3CA-SOX2 co-amplification, TERC copy number gain, and TYMS polymorphism correlated with an increased risk of disease relapse.
Conclusion
We report the genomic profile of locally advanced cervical cancer patients and the distinction between Asian and Caucasian cohorts. Our findings highlight genomic traits associated with unfavorable neoadjuvant chemoradiation response and a higher risk of early disease recurrence.

Citations

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Comprehensive characterization of PKHD1 mutation in human colon cancer
Lu Han, Fangming Gong, Xuxiaochen Wu, Wanxiangfu Tang, Hua Bao, Yue Wang, Daizhenru Wang, Yulan Sun, Peng Li
Cancer Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
PBRM1 presents a potential ctDNA marker to monitor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer
Wenhan Li, Yuhui Huang, Man Xiao, Jing Zhao, Shi Du, Zehua Wang, Sha Hu, Lu Yang, Jing Cai
iScience.2024; 27(3): 109160. CrossRef
Comprehensive genomic profiling of pulmonary spindle cell carcinoma using tissue and plasma samples: insights from a real‐world cohort analysis
Yi Sun, Shilei Qin, Song Wang, Jiaohui Pang, Qiuxiang Ou, Weiquan Liang, Hai Zhong
The Journal of Pathology: Clinical Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
PD-1 inhibitor plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy for high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer
Cong Wang, Lijun Liu, Xia Li, Jia Lei, Yiqian Li, Zhibo Shen, Huirong Shi, Yan Cheng
Future Oncology.2024; 20(20): 1415. CrossRef
A biomarker exploration in small-cell lung cancer for brain metastases risk and prophylactic cranial irradiation therapy efficacy
Li Li, Ning Liu, Tao Zhou, Xueting Qin, Xiaoyu Song, Song Wang, Jiaohui Pang, Qiuxiang Ou, Yong Wang, Dexian Zhang, Jiaran Li, Fuhao Xu, Shuming Shi, Jinming Yu, Shuanghu Yuan
Lung Cancer.2024; 196: 107959. CrossRef
Prospects of POLD1 in Human Cancers: A Review
Michał Gola, Przemysław Stefaniak, Janusz Godlewski, Barbara Jereczek-Fossa, Anna Starzyńska
Cancers.2023; 15(6): 1905. CrossRef
Copy-number-gain of telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is associated with an unfavorable prognosis in esophageal adenocarcinoma
Su Ir Lyu, Felix C. Popp, Adrian Georg Simon, Anne Maria Schultheis, Thomas Zander, Caroline Fretter, Wolfgang Schröder, Christiane J. Bruns, Thomas Schmidt, Alexander Quaas, Karl Knipper
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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175 Download
7 Web of Science
7 Crossref

Genitourinary cancer

The Prognosis and the Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Node-Positive Bladder Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Surgery: Hyehyun Jeong, Kye Jin Park, Yongjune Lee, Hyung-Don Kim, Jwa Hoon Kim, Shinkyo Yoon, Bumsik Hong, Jae Lyun Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):226-233. Published online May 6, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.365

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the prognosis of pathologically node-positive bladder cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in these patients, and the value of preoperative clinical evaluation for lymph node metastases.
Materials and Methods
Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by partial/radical cystectomy and had pathologically confirmed lymph node metastases between January 2007 and December 2019 were identified and analyzed.
Results
A total of 53 patients were included in the study. The median age was 61 years (range, 34 to 81 years) with males comprising 86.8%. Among the 52 patients with post-neoadjuvant/pre-operative computed tomography results, only 33 patients (63.5%) were considered positive for lymph node metastasis. Sixteen patients (30.2%) received adjuvant chemotherapy (AC group), and 37 patients did not (no AC group). With the median follow-up duration of 67.7 months, the median recurrence-free survival (RFS) and the median overall survival (OS) was 8.5 months and 16.2 months, respectively. The 2-year RFS and OS rates were 23.3% and 34.6%, respectively. RFS and OS did not differ between the AC group and no AC group (median RFS, 8.8 months vs. 6.8 months, p=0.772; median OS, 16.1 months vs. 16.3 months, p=0.479). Thirty-eight patients (71.7%) experienced recurrence. Distant metastases were the dominant pattern of failure in both the AC group (91.7%) and no AC group (76.9%).
Conclusion
Patients with lymph node-positive disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery showed high recurrence rates with limited survival outcomes. Little benefit was observed with the addition of adjuvant chemotherapy.

Citations

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A Predictive Nomogram for Development of Lymph Node Metastasis in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Following Neoadjuvant Therapy
Garrett K. Harada, Steven N. Seyedin, Olivia Heutlinger, Armon Azizi, Audree Hsu, Arash Rezazadeh, Michael Daneshvar, Greg E. Gin, Edward M. Uchio, Giovanna A. Giannico, Jeremy P. Harris, Aaron B. Simon, Jeffrey V. Kuo, Nataliya Mar
Advances in Radiation Oncology.2025; 10(1): 101671. CrossRef
Resultados oncológicos de pacientes con afectación ganglionar tras quimioterapia neoadyuvante y cistectomía radical para el cáncer de vejiga músculo-invasivo: estudio observacional multicéntrico del Grupo de Trabajo de Carcinoma Urotelial de la sección de
G. Marcq, W. Kassouf, M. Roumiguié, B. Pradere, L.S. Mertens, S. Albisinni, A. Cimadamore, J. Yuen-Chun Teoh, M. Moschini, E. Laukhtina, A. Mari, F. Soria, A. Gallioli, F. del Giudice, D. d’Andrea, W. Krajewski, J.B. Beauval, E. Xylinas, D. Pouessel, P. S
Actas Urológicas Españolas.2025; 49(2): 501701. CrossRef
Oncological outcomes of patients with node positive disease following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A multicenter observational study of the EAU Young Academic Urologists (YAU) urothelial carcinoma wor
G. Marcq, W. Kassouf, M. Roumiguié, B. Pradere, L.S. Mertens, S. Albisinni, A. Cimadamore, J. Yuen-Chun Teoh, M. Moschini, E. Laukhtina, A. Mari, F. Soria, A. Gallioli, F. del Giudice, D. d’Andrea, W. Krajewski, J.B. Beauval, E. Xylinas, D. Pouessel, P. S
Actas Urológicas Españolas (English Edition).2025; 49(2): 501701. CrossRef
Differential Outcomes in Bladder Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: An International Multi-Institutional Study Comparing Isolated Nodal Disease vs Persistent Muscle-Invasive Disease
Andres M. Acosta, Mohammed Saad, Alcides Chaux, Jennifer B. Gordetsky, Lan Zheng, Charles Guo, Mohamed Bikhet, Adeboye O. Osunkoya, Katrina Collins, Muhammad T. Idrees, Geert J.L.H. van Leenders, Pilar Gonzalez-Peramato, Kristine M. Cornejo, Michelle S. H
Urology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Survival Outcomes of Radical Cystectomy in Pathologically Proven Positive and Negative Lymph Nodes
Krystian Kaczmarek, Bartosz Małkiewicz, Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka, Artur Lemiński
Cancers.2023; 15(19): 4901. CrossRef
Comparison of responses to neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapies in muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Serhat Sekmek, Gökhan Ucar, Irfan Karahan, Dogan Bayram, Selin Aktürk Esen, Ismet Seven, Mehmet Ali Nahit Sendur, Dogan Uncu
African Journal of Urology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Breast Cancer

Combination of Simvastatin and FAC Improves Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer: Erwin Danil Yulian, Nurjati Chairani Siregar, Bajuadji; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(4):1072-1083. Published online March 9, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.1024

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is limited due to drug resistance and cardiotoxic effects. Preclinical studies have shown that statin induces apoptosis and decreases breast cancer cell growth. This study aims to evaluate the role of statin in combination with fluorouracil, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide (FAC) therapy in LABC patients.
Materials and Methods
We undertook a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial in two centers of Indonesia. Patients were randomly assigned to FAC plus simvastatin (40 mg/day orally) or FAC plus placebo (40 mg/day) for 21 days. The FAC regimen was repeated every 3 weeks. We evaluated the clinical response, pathological response, and toxicities.
Results
The objective response rate (ORR) for FAC plus simvastatin was 90% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99 to 1.67) by per-protocol analysis. No complete responses (CR) were recorded, but there were 48 partial responses. No significant difference was observed between the two groups with the ORR (p=0.103). The pathological CR rate was 6.25% (2 in simvastatin group and 1 in placebo group). Adverse events in both arms were generally mild, mainly consisted of myotoxicity. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression was a factor related to the success of therapeutic response (odds ratio, 4.2; 95% CI, 1.121 to 15.731; p=0.033).
Conclusion
This study suggests that simvastatin combined with FAC shows improvements in ORR and pathological response in patients with LABC. Although no statistically significant difference was documented, there was a trend for better activity and tolerability. The addition of 40 mg simvastatin may improve the efficacy of FAC in LABC patients with HER2 overexpression.

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Theoretical framework and emerging challenges of lipid metabolism in cancer
Qiuying Gu, Yuan Wang, Ping Yi, Chunming Cheng
Seminars in Cancer Biology.2025; 108: 48. CrossRef
Clinical significance of lipid pathway-targeted therapy in breast cancer
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Genitourinary Cancer

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy–Guided Bladder-Sparing Treatment for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Results of a Pilot Phase II Study: Hongzhe Shi, Wen Zhang, Xingang Bi, Dong Wang, Zejun Xiao, Youyan Guan, Kaopeng Guan, Jun Tian, Hongsong Bai, Linjun Hu, Chuanzhen Cao, Weixing Jiang, Zhilong Hu, Jin Zhang, Yan Chen, Shan Zheng, Xiaoli Feng, Changling Li, Yexiong Li, Jianhui Ma, Yueping Liu, Aiping Zhou, Jianzhong Shou; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(4):1156-1165. Published online February 10, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.1356

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Reduced quality of life after cystectomy has made bladder preservation a popular research topic for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Previous research has indicated significant tumor downstaging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). However, maximal transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) was performed before NAC to define the pathology, impacting the real evaluation of NAC. This research aimed to assess real NAC efficacy without interference from TURBT and apply combined modality therapies guided by NAC efficacy.
Materials and Methods
Patients with cT2-4aN0M0 MIBC were confirmed by cystoscopic biopsy and imaging. NAC efficacy was assessed by imaging, urine cytology, and cystoscopy with multidisciplinary team discussion. Definite responders (≤ T1) underwent TURBT plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Incomplete responders underwent radical cystectomy or partial cystectomy if feasible. The primary endpoint was the bladder preservation rate.
Results
Fifty-nine patients were enrolled, and the median age was 63 years. Patients with cT3-4 accounted for 75%. The median number of NAC cycles was three. Definite responders were 52.5%. The complete response (CR) was 10.2%, and 59.3% of patients received bladder-sparing treatments. With a median follow-up of 44.6 months, the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 72.8%. Three-year OS and relapse-free survival were 88.4% and 60.0% in the bladder-sparing group but only 74.3% and 37.5% in the cystectomy group. The evaluations of preserved bladder function were satisfactory.
Conclusion
After stratifying MIBC patients by NAC efficacy, definite responders achieved a satisfactory bladder-sparing rate, prognosis, and bladder function. The CR rate reflected the real NAC efficacy for MIBC. This therapy is worth verifying through multicenter research.

Citations

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Concomitant chemotherapy in trimodal treatment of patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer: A systematic review of prospective trials
Camille Baudelin, Paul Sargos, Derek Dinart, Christophe Hennequin, Diego Teyssonneau, Lucie Meynard, Nam-Son Vuong, Félix Lefort, Michael Baboudjian, Guilhem Roubaud
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2025; 205: 104557. CrossRef
Does Bladder Cancer Subtype Influence Pathologic Complete Response (pCR) and Pelvic Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DW-MRI) Response Evaluation After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy? Pathological Perspective
Ji Min Kim, Euno Choi, Sun Hee Sung, Jungmin Jo, Dong-Hyeon Lee, Sanghui Park
Clinical Genitourinary Cancer.2024; 22(2): 224. CrossRef
A comparative analysis of radical cystectomy with perioperative chemotherapy, chemoradiation therapy, or systemic therapy in patients with clinically advanced node-positive bladder cancer (cN2/N3)
Harshit Garg, Mukund Bhandari, Furkan Dursun, Michael A. Liss, Dharam Kaushik, Robert S. Svatek, Ahmed M. Mansour
Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical efficacy analysis of partial cystectomy and radical cystectomy in the treatment of muscle-invasive sarcomatoid carcinoma of the urinary bladder
Jiansheng Xiao, Hua Chen, Jiaqi Ge, Tairong Liu
Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Downstaging guided neoadjuvant strategy shift and bladder preservation in locally advanced bladder cancer: A case report
Gan Du, Zhichao Jiang, Wang Qu, Jin Zhang, Shan Zheng, Yueping Liu, Aiping Zhou, Hongzhe Shi, Jianzhong Shou
Heliyon.2024; 10(6): e27685. CrossRef
Editorial: Organ-sparing surgery for genitourinary cancers
Gongwei Long, Xingyuan Xiao, Haoran Liu, Yucong Zhang, Chunguang Yang
Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
News and prospects on radiotherapy for bladder cancer: Is trimodal therapy becoming the gold standard?
Olivier Riou, Christophe Hennequin, Jonathan Khalifa, Paul Sargos
Cancer/Radiothérapie.2024; 28(6-7): 623. CrossRef
Health-related quality of life after curative treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Elisabeth Grobet-Jeandin, Ugo Pinar, Jérôme Parra, Morgan Rouprêt, Thomas Seisen
Nature Reviews Urology.2023; 20(5): 279. CrossRef
Combined Modality Bladder-Sparing Therapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: How (Should) We Do It? A Narrative Review
Artur Lemiński, Wojciech Michalski, Bartłomiej Masojć, Krystian Kaczmarek, Bartosz Małkiewicz, Jakub Kienitz, Barbara Zawisza-Lemińska, Michał Falco, Marcin Słojewski
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(4): 1560. CrossRef
Survival after sequential neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by trimodal treatment or radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Pierre-Louis Reignier, Hélène Gauthier, Christophe Hennequin, Quiterie Aussedat, Evanguelos Xylinas, François Desgrandchamps, Stéphane Culine, Alexandra Masson-Lecomte, Clément Dumont
World Journal of Urology.2023; 41(11): 3249. CrossRef
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin followed by selective bladder preservation chemoradiotherapy in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of bladder
Hyun Hwan Sung, Hana Kim, Ryul Kim, Chan Kyo Kim, Ghee Young Kwon, Won Park, Wan Song, Byong Chang Jeong, Se Hoon Park
Investigative and Clinical Urology.2022; 63(2): 168. CrossRef
Disease Management of Clinical Complete Responders to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Review of Literature
Jie Wu, Rui-Yang Xie, Chuan-Zhen Cao, Bing-Qing Shang, Hong-Zhe Shi, Jian-Zhong Shou
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Contemporary Staging for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Accuracy and Limitations
Patrick J. Hensley, Valeria Panebianco, Eugene Pietzak, Alexander Kutikov, Raghu Vikram, Matthew D. Galsky, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Morgan Roupret, Ashish M. Kamat
European Urology Oncology.2022; 5(4): 403. CrossRef

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Gynecologic cancer

Early Assessment of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT in Patients with Advanced-Stage Ovarian Cancer: Young Shin Chung, Hyun-Soo Kim, Jung-Yun Lee, Won Jun Kang, Eun Ji Nam, Sunghoon Kim, Sang Wun Kim, Young Tae Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(4):1211-1218. Published online April 28, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.506

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of sequential 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT) after one cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) to predict chemotherapy response before interval debulking surgery (IDS) in advanced-stage ovarian cancer patients.
Materials and Methods
Forty consecutive patients underwent ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT at baseline and after one cycle of NAC. Metabolic responses were assessed by quantitative decrease in the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV_max) with PET/CT. Decreases in SUV_max were compared with cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) level before IDS, response rate by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria before IDS, residual tumor at IDS, and I chemotherapy response score (CRS) at IDS.
Results
A 40% cut-off for the decrease in SUVmax provided the best performance to predict CRS 3 (compete or near-complete pathologic response), with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 81.8%, 72.4%, and 72.4%, respectively. According to this 40% cut-off, there were 17 (42.5%) metabolic responders (≥ 40%) and 23 (57.5%) metabolic non-responders (< 40%). Metabolic responders had higher rate of CRS 3 (52.9% vs. 8.7%, p=0.003), CA-125 normalization (< 35 U/mL) before IDS (76.5% vs. 39.1%, p=0.019), and no residual tumor at IDS (70.6% vs. 31.8%, p=0.025) compared with metabolic non-responders. There were significant associations with progression-free survival (p=0.021) between metabolic responders and non-responders, but not overall survival (p=0.335).
Conclusion
Early assessment with ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT after one cycle of NAC can be useful to predic response to chemotherapy before IDS in patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer.

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The Evaluation Value of CT in the Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer Patients
Daying Mou, Shengyan Xie, Pingyuan Li, Mohammad Farukh Hashmi
Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Radiomics Analysis of PET and CT Components of 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging for Prediction of Progression-Free Survival in Advanced High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Xihai Wang, Zaiming Lu
Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Effect of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy on PD-L1 Expression on Tumor Cells in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Junghoon Shin, Jin-Haeng Chung, Se Hyun Kim, Kyu Sang Lee, Koung Jin Suh, Ji Yun Lee, Ji-Won Kim, Jeong-Ok Lee, Jin-Won Kim, Yu-Jung Kim, Keun-Wook Lee, Jee Hyun Kim, Soo-Mee Bang, Jong-Seok Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1086-1097. Published online November 5, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.537

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) axis blockades have revolutionized the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We assessed the effect of platinum-based chemotherapy on tumor PD-L1 expression and its clinical implications.
Materials and Methods
We used immunohistochemistry to retrospectively evaluate the percentage of tumor cells with membranous PD-L1 staining (tumor proportion score) in paired tumor specimens obtained before and after platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in 86 patients with NSCLC. We analyzed the correlation between the change in PD-L1 tumor proportion score and clinicopathologic characteristics, response to NACT, and survival.
Results
The PD-L1 tumor proportion score increased in a significant proportion of patients with NSCLC after platinum-based NACT (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p=0.002). That pattern was consistent across clinically defined subgroups except for patients with partial response to NACT. Tumors from 26 patients (30.2%) were PD-L1‒negative before NACT but PD-L1-positive after NACT, whereas the reverse pattern occurred in six patients (7%) (McNemar’s test, p < 0.001). Increase in PD-L1 tumor proportion score was significantly associated with lack of response to NACT (Fisher exact test, p=0.015). There was a tendency, albeit not statistically significant, for patients with an increase in PD-L1 tumor proportion score to have shorter survival.
Conclusion
Tumor PD-L1 expression increased after platinum-based NACT in a significant proportion of patients with NSCLC. Increase in tumor PD-L1 expression may predict poor clinical outcome.

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Negative Conversion of Progesterone Receptor Status after Primary Systemic Therapy Is Associated with Poor Clinical Outcome in Patients with Breast Cancer: Soomin Ahn, Hyun Jeong Kim, Milim Kim, Yul Ri Chung, Eunyoung Kang, Eun-Kyu Kim, Se Hyun Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Jee Hyun Kim, In Ah Kim, So Yeon Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(4):1418-1432. Published online January 24, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.552

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Alteration of biomarker status after primary systemic therapy (PST) is occasionally found in breast cancer. This study was conducted to clarify the clinical implications of change of biomarker status in breast cancer patients treated with PST.
Materials and Methods
The pre-chemotherapeutic biopsy and post-chemotherapeutic resection specimens of 442 breast cancer patients who had residual disease after PST were included in this study. The association between changes of biomarker status after PST and clinicopathologic features of tumors, and survival of the patients, were analyzed.
Results
Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status changed after PST in 18 (4.1%), 80 (18.1%), and 15 (3.4%) patients,respectively. ER and PR mainly underwent positive to negative conversion,whereas HER2 status underwent negative to positive conversion. Negative conversion of ER and PR status after PST was associated with reduced disease-free survival. Moreover, a decline in the Allred score for PR in post-PST specimens was significantly associated with poor clinical outcome of the patients. HER2 change did not have prognostic significance. In multivariate analyses, negative PR status after PST was found to be an independent adverse prognostic factor in the whole patient group, in the adjuvant endocrine therapy-treated subgroup, and also in pre-PST PR positive subgroup.
Conclusion
ER and HER2 status changed little after PST, whereas PR status changed significantly. In particular, negative conversion of PR status was revealed as a poor prognostic indicator, suggesting that re-evaluation of basic biomarkers is mandatory in breast cancer after PST for proper management and prognostication of patients.

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Ran Feng, Lihui Pan, Yarong Yao, Jinnan Gao, Xiaojun Zhang
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Changing the phenotype of breast cancer in the process treatment: literature review
M. S. Shvedsky, R. I. Tamrazov, T. P. Shevlyukova, L. A. Bakhova
Surgery and Oncology.2024; 13(4): 50. CrossRef
HER2-low breast cancer and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a population-based cohort study
Ximena Baez-Navarro, Mieke R. van Bockstal, Agnes Jager, Carolien H.M. van Deurzen
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Carmen Maria Ardeleanu, Maria Victoria Olinca , Cristian Gabriel Viişoreanu , Horaţiu Alin Mureşan , Adriana Tecuceanu-Vulpe , Georgiana Manole , Iulia Elena Gune , Bianca Gălăţeanu , Andreea-Corina Ilie-Petrov
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Progesterone and progesterone receptors in breast cancer: past, present, and future
M. V. Rodionova, V. V. Rodionov, V. V. Kometova, A. A. Smetnik, I. V. Kolyadina, O. V. Burmenskaya, V. K. Bozhenko, Yu. V. Bikeev, L. M. Mikhaleva, L. A. Ashrafyan
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Yang He, Jing Zhang, Hui Chen, Ying Zhou, Liping Hong, Yue Ma, Nannan Chen, Weipeng Zhao, Zhongsheng Tong
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Conversion of ER and HER2 Status After Neoadjuvant Therapy in Chinese Breast Cancer Patients
Jiaqi Bo, Baohua Yu, Rui Bi, Xiaoli Xu, Yufan Cheng, Xiaoyu Tu, Qianming Bai, Wentao Yang, Ruohong Shui
Clinical Breast Cancer.2023; 23(4): 436. CrossRef
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HER2 changes to positive after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: A case report and literature review
Luo Wang, Qi Jiang, Meng-Ye He, Peng Shen
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L. V. Bolotina, A. L. Kornietskaya, A. A. Kachmazov, N. S. Prizova, A. A. Paichadze, T. V. Ustinova, T. I. Deshkina, S. F. Evdokimova
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European Radiology.2022; 33(4): 2965. CrossRef
Biomarker Alteration after Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy or Chemotherapy in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer
Mengping Long, Chong You, Qianqian Song, Lina Hu, Zhaorong Guo, Qian Yao, Wei Hou, Wei Sun, Baosheng Liang, Xiao-Hua Zhou, Yiqiang Liu, Taobo Hu
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The impact of progesterone receptor negativity on oncological outcomes in oestrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer
M G Davey, É J Ryan, P J Folan, N O’Halloran, M R Boland, M K Barry, K J Sweeney, C M Malone, R J McLaughlin, M J Kerin, A J Lowery
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Prognostic implications of regression of metastatic axillary lymph nodes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer
Yul Ri Chung, Ji Won Woo, Soomin Ahn, Eunyoung Kang, Eun-Kyu Kim, Mijung Jang, Sun Mi Kim, Se Hyun Kim, Jee Hyun Kim, So Yeon Park
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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Sarah M. Hammoudeh, Arabella M. Hammoudeh, Thenmozhi Venkatachalam, Surendra Rawat, Manju N. Jayakumar, Mohamed Rahmani, Rifat Hamoudi
Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal.2021; 19: 5198. CrossRef
Lost but Not Least—Novel Insights into Progesterone Receptor Loss in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer
Michał Kunc, Marta Popęda, Wojciech Biernat, Elżbieta Senkus
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Saverio Coiro, Elisa Gasparini, Giuseppe Falco, Giacomo Santandrea, Moira Foroni, Giulia Besutti, Valentina Iotti, Roberto Di Cicilia, Monica Foroni, Simone Mele, Guglielmo Ferrari, Giancarlo Bisagni, Moira Ragazzi
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HER2 status in breast cancer: changes in guidelines and complicating factors for interpretation
Soomin Ahn, Ji Won Woo, Kyoungyul Lee, So Yeon Park
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Laura Rey-Vargas, Juan Carlos Mejía-Henao, María Carolina Sanabria-Salas, Silvia J. Serrano-Gomez
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Changes in Biomarker Status in Metastatic Breast Cancer and Their Prognostic Value
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Journal of Breast Cancer.2019; 22(3): 439. CrossRef

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Feasibility of Charcoal Tattooing of Cytology-Proven Metastatic Axillary Lymph Node at Diagnosis and Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients: Seho Park, Ja Seung Koo, Gun Min Kim, Joohyuk Sohn, Seung Il Kim, Young Up Cho, Byeong-Woo Park, Vivian Youngjean Park, Jung Hyun Yoon, Hee Jung Moon, Min Jung Kim, Eun-Kyung Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(3):801-812. Published online August 17, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.210

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) can be performed when node-positive disease is converted to node-negative status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT). Tattooing nodes might improve accuracy but supportive data are limited. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of charcoal tattooing metastatic axillary lymph node (ALN) at presentation followed by SLNB after NCT in breast cancers.
Materials and Methods
Twenty patientswith cytology-proven node metastases prospectively underwent charcoal tattooing at diagnosis. SLNB using dual tracers and axillary surgery after NCT were then performed. The detection rate of tattooed node and diagnostic performance of SLNB were analyzed.
Results
All patients underwent charcoal tattooingwithout significant morbidity. Sentinel and tattooed nodes could be detected during surgery after NCT. Nodal pathologic complete response was achieved in 10 patients. Overall sensitivity, false-negative rate (FNR), negative predictive value, and accuracy of hot/blue SLNB were 80.0%, 20.0%, 83.3%, and 90.0%, respectively. Retrieving more nodes and favorable nodal response were associated with improved performance. The best accuracy was observed when excised tattooed node was calculated together (FNR, 0.0%). Cold/non-blue tattooed nodes of five patients were removed during non-sentinel axillary surgery but clinicopathological parameters did not differ compared to patients with hot/blue tattooed node detected during SLNB, suggesting the importance of the tattooing procedure itself to improve performance.
Conclusion
Charcoal tattooing of cytology-confirmed metastatic ALN at presentation is technically feasible and does not limit SLNB after NCT. The tattooing procedure without additional preoperative localization is advantageous for improving the diagnostic performance of SLNB in this setting.

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Juliang Zhang, Ting Wang, Changjiao Yan, Meiling Huang, Zhimin Fan, Rui Ling
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Janine M. Simons, Thiemo J. A. van Nijnatten, Carmen C. van der Pol, Ernest J. T. Luiten, Linetta B. Koppert, Marjolein L. Smidt
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Ioannis Natsiopoulos, Stavros Intzes, Triantafyllos Liappis, Konstantinos Zarampoukas, Thomas Zarampoukas, Vasiliki Zacharopoulou, Konstantinos Papazisis
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Rupa Patel, Wendy MacKerricher, Jacqueline Tsai, Nicole Choy, Jafi Lipson, Debra Ikeda, Sunita Pal, Wendy De Martini, Kimberly H. Allison, Irene L. Wapnir
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Oscar Leopoldo Christin, Jonathan Kuten, Einat Even-Sapir, Joseph Klausner, Tehillah S. Menes
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Jennifer M. Racz, Abigail S. Caudle
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Excision of both pretreatment marked positive nodes and sentinel nodes improves axillary staging after neoadjuvant systemic therapy in breast cancer
J M Simons, M L M A van Pelt, A W K S Marinelli, M E Straver, A M Zeillemaker, L M Pereira Arias-Bouda, T J A van Nijnatten, L B Koppert, K K Hunt, M L Smidt, E J T Luiten, C C van der Pol
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npj Breast Cancer.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

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Are We Predicting Disease Progress of the Rectal Cancer Patients without Surgery after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy?: Bo Young Oh, Jung Wook Huh, Woo Yong Lee, Yoon Ah Park, Yong Beom Cho, Seong Hyeon Yun, Hee Cheol Kim, Ho-Kyung Chun; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(3):634-645. Published online July 3, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.069

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
There are patients who do not undergo surgery, regardless of tumor response for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in rectal cancer. However, there have been few reports focused on how oncologic outcomes are worse in these patients. We sought to investigate oncologic outcomes for these non-operated patients with rectal cancer after nCRT.
Materials and Methods
A total of 1,063 records of patients with rectal cancer who were treated with nCRT from January 2002 to December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. We categorized patients into the non-operated group (n=77), transanal local excision (TLE) group (n=54), ortotal mesorectal excision (TME) group (n=932) and compared each group using propensity score matching.
Results
In the non-operated group, the most common reason for no surgery was patient refusal (n=64). Eleven patients were considered to have achieve clinical complete response (cCR), which was an independent prognostic factor of progression-free survival (p=0.045). In patients with disease progression in the non-operated group, the overall survival did not improved according to salvage treatments (p=0.451). The non-operated group showed worse survivals compared to the TLE or TME group before and after matching (p < 0.001). This finding was also noted in the analysis of survival only in patients with cCR.
Conclusion
In this study, non-operated patients did not secure oncologic safety regardless of cCR after nCRT. Our results suggest that a non-operative management must be carefully considered even if cCR is achieved.

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Long-term efficacy of transanal local excision versus total mesorectal excision after neoadjuvant treatment for rectal cancer: A meta-analysis
Yihui Lei, Li Lin, Qiming Shao, Weiping Chen, Guoyan Liu, Antonio Brillantino
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(11): e0294510. CrossRef
Non-operative Management (NOM) of Rectal Cancer: Literature Review and Translation of Evidence into Practice
Christopher J. Anker, Dmitriy Akselrod, Steven Ades, Nancy A. Bianchi, Nataniel H. Lester-Coll, Peter A. Cataldo
Current Colorectal Cancer Reports.2021; 17(2): 23. CrossRef
Prognostic Factors and Treatment of Recurrence after Local Excision of Rectal Cancer
Moon Suk Choi, Jung Wook Huh, Jung Kyong Shin, Yoon Ah Park, Yong Beom Cho, Hee Cheol Kim, Seong Hyeon Yun, Woo Yong Lee
Yonsei Medical Journal.2021; 62(12): 1107. CrossRef
Treatment of stage I‐III rectal cancer: Who is refusing surgery?
Adam C. Fields, Pamela W. Lu, James Yoo, Jennifer Irani, Joel E. Goldberg, Ronald Bleday, Nelya Melnitchouk
Journal of Surgical Oncology.2020; 121(6): 990. CrossRef
MRI Assessment of Complete Response to Preoperative Chemoradiation Therapy for Rectal Cancer: 2020 Guide for Practice from the Korean Society of Abdominal Radiology
Seong Ho Park, Seung Hyun Cho, Sang Hyun Choi, Jong Keon Jang, Min Ju Kim, Seung Ho Kim, Joon Seok Lim, Sung Kyoung Moon, Ji Hoon Park, Nieun Seo
Korean Journal of Radiology.2020; 21(7): 812. CrossRef
Survival Effects of Cytoreductive Surgery for Refractory Patients after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Wonkyo Shin, Joseph J. Noh, Sang-Soo Seo, Sokbom Kang, Chel-Hun Choi, Sang-Yoon Park, Byoung-Gie Kim, Myong Cheol Lim
Yonsei Medical Journal.2020; 61(11): 935. CrossRef
Oncologic Risk of Rectal Preservation Against Medical Advice After Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer: A Multicenter Comparative Cross‐Sectional Study with Rectal Preservation as Supported by Surgeon
Kwang‐Seop Song, Sung Chan Park, Dae Kyung Sohn, Jae Hwan Oh, Min Jung Kim, Ji Won Park, Seung‐Bum Ryoo, Seung‐Yong Jeong, Kyu Joo Park, Heung‐Kwon Oh, Duck‐Woo Kim, Sung‐Bum Kang
World Journal of Surgery.2019; 43(12): 3216. CrossRef

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Prognostic Value of Axillary Nodal Ratio after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy of Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide Followed by Docetaxel in Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study: Se Hyun Kim, Kyung Hae Jung, Tae-Yong Kim, Seock-Ah Im, In Sil Choi, Yee Soo Chae, Sun Kyung Baek, Seok Yun Kang, Sarah Park, In Hae Park, Keun Seok Lee, Yoon Ji Choi, Soohyeon Lee, Joo Hyuk Sohn, Yeon-Hee Park, Young-Hyuck Im, Jin-Hee Ahn, Sung-Bae Kim, Jee Hyun Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(4):1373-1381. Published online March 23, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.475

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the prognostic value of lymph node (LN) ratio (LNR) in patients with breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective analysis is based on the data of 814 patientswith stage II/III breast cancer treated with four cycles of doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide followed by four cycles of docetaxel before surgery. We evaluated the clinical significance of LNR (3 categories: low 0-0.20 vs. intermediate 0.21-0.65 vs. high 0.66-1.00) using a Cox proportional regression model.
Results
A total of 799 patients underwent breast surgery. Pathologic complete response (pCR, ypT0/isN0) was achieved in 129 patients (16.1%) (hormone receptor [HR] +/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2] –, 34/373 [9.1%]; HER2+, 45/210 [21.4%]; triple negative breast cancer, 50/216 [23.1%]). The mean numbers of involved LN and retrieved LN were 2.70 (range, 0 to 42) and 13.98 (range, 1 to 64), respectively. The mean LNR was 0.17 (low, 574 [71.8%]; intermediate, 170 [21.3%]; high, 55 [6.9%]). In univariate analysis, LNR showed significant association with a worse relapse-free survival (3-year relapse-free survival rate 84.8% in low vs. 66.2% in intermediate vs. 54.3% in high; p < 0.001, log-rank test). In multivariate analysis, LNR did not show significant association with recurrence after adjusting for other clinical factors (age, histologic grade, subtype, ypT stage, ypN stage, lymphatic or vascular invasion, and pCR). In subgroup analysis, the LNR system had good prognostic value in HR+/HER2– subtype.
Conclusion
LNR is not superior to ypN stage in predicting clinical outcome of breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However, the prognostic value of the LNR system in HR+/HER2– patients is notable and worthy of further investigation.

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Breast Cancer Patients With Positive Apical or Infraclavicular/Ipsilateral Supraclavicular Lymph Nodes Should Be Excluded in the Application of the Lymph Node Ratio System
Zhe Wang, Wei Chong, Huikun Zhang, Xiaoli Liu, Yawen Zhao, Zhifang Guo, Li Fu, Yongjie Ma, Feng Gu
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
The prognostic role of lymph node ratio in breast cancer patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A dose-response meta-analysis
Jinzhao Liu, Yifei Li, Weifang Zhang, Chenhui Yang, Chao Yang, Liang Chen, Mingjian Ding, Liang Zhang, Xiaojun Liu, Guozhong Cui, Yunjiang Liu
Frontiers in Surgery.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Yul Ri Chung, Ji Won Woo, Soomin Ahn, Eunyoung Kang, Eun-Kyu Kim, Mijung Jang, Sun Mi Kim, Se Hyun Kim, Jee Hyun Kim, So Yeon Park
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Using a novel T-lymph node ratio model to evaluate the prognosis of nonmetastatic breast cancer patients who received preoperative radiotherapy followed by mastectomy
Yang Wang, Yuanyuan Zhao, Song Liu, Weifang Tang, Hong Gao, Xucai Zheng, Shikai Hong, Shengying Wang
Medicine.2017; 96(42): e8203. CrossRef
The genetic variants in the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway predict susceptibility and CE(A)F chemotherapy response to breast cancer and clinical outcomes
Xiang Li, Ruishan Zhang, Zhuangkai Liu, Shuang Li, Hong Xu
Oncotarget.2017; 8(12): 20252. CrossRef
Prognostic Significance of Inner Quadrant Involvement in Breast Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Ji Hyun Chang, Wan Jeon, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin, Wonshik Han, Dong-Young Noh, Seock-Ah Im, Tae-You Kim, Yung-Jue Bang
Journal of Breast Cancer.2016; 19(4): 394. CrossRef

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Using the Lymph Node Ratio to Evaluate the Prognosis of Stage II/III Breast Cancer Patients Who Received Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Mastectomy: San-Gang Wu, Qun Li, Juan Zhou, Jia-Yuan Sun, Feng-Yan Li, Qin Lin, Huan-Xin Lin, Xun-Xing Gaun, Zhen-Yu He; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):757-764. Published online December 8, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.039

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study was conducted to investigate the prognostic value of lymph node ratio (LNR) in stage II/III breast cancer patients who undergo mastectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
Clinical and pathological data describing stage II/III breast cancer patients were included in this retrospective study. The primary outcomes were locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS).
Results
Among 277 patients, there were 43 ypN0, 64 ypN1, 89 ypN2, and 81 ypN3 cases. Additionally, there were 43, 57, 92 and 85 cases in the LNR 0, 0.01-0.20, 0.21-0.65, and > 0.65 groups, respectively. The median follow-up was 49.5 months. Univariate analysis showed that both ypN stage and LNR were prognostic factors of LRFS, DMFS, DFS, and OS (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that LNR was an independent prognostic factor of LRFS, DMFS, DFS, and OS (p < 0.05), while ypN stage had no effect on prognosis (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
The integrated use of LNR and ypN may be suitable for evaluation the prognosis of stage II/III breast cancer patients who undergo mastectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

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The Effect of Lymph Node Harvest on Prognosis in Locally Advanced Middle-Low Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
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Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Is Pathologic Axillary Staging Valid If Lymph Nodes Are Less than 10 with Axillary Lymph Node Dissection after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy?
Hee Jun Choi, Jai Min Ryu, Jun Ho Lee, Yoonju Bang, Jongwook Oh, Byung-Joo Chae, Seok Jin Nam, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Se Kyung Lee, Jonghan Yu
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Lymph node ratio as best prognostic factor in triple‐negative breast cancer patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Gabriel A. De la Cruz‐Ku, Diego Chambergo‐Michilot, Bryan Valcarcel, Pamela Rebaza, Mecker Möller, Jhajaira M. Araujo, Daniel Enriquez, Zaida Morante, Cesar Razuri, Renato Luque, Antonella Saavedra, Eduardo Eyzaguirre, Maria Lujan, Naysha Noel, Joseph Pin
The Breast Journal.2020; 26(9): 1659. CrossRef
Development and validation of a nomogram incorporating axillary lymph node ratio to predict survival in node-positive breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Jianguo Lai, Zihao Pan, Peixian Chen, Guolin Ye, Kai Chen, Fengxi Su
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology.2019; 49(1): 22. CrossRef
Lymph node ratio as an alternative to pN staging for predicting prognosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer
Dong Hui Cho, Soo Youn Bae, Ji Young You, Hong Kyu Kim, Young Woo Chang, Yoo Jin Choi, Sang Uk Woo, Gil Soo Son, Jae Bok Lee, Jeoung Won Bae, Seung Pil Jung
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Manel Cremades, Mireia Torres, Montse Solà, Jordi Navinés, Icíar Pascual, Antonio Mariscal, Albert Caballero, Eva Castellà, Miguel Ángel Luna, Joan Francesc Julián
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Manel Cremades, Mireia Torres, Montse Solà, Jordi Navinés, Icíar Pascual, Antonio Mariscal, Albert Caballero, Eva Castellà, Miguel Ángel Luna, Joan Francesc Julián
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Oncotarget.2017; 8(24): 39703. CrossRef
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Jacqueline Tsai, Danielle Bertoni, Tina Hernandez-Boussard, Melinda L. Telli, Irene L. Wapnir
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Tumor Biology.2016; 37(6): 8445. CrossRef

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A Randomized Phase II Trial of Capecitabine Plus Vinorelbine Followed by Docetaxel Versus Adriamycin Plus Cyclophosphamide Followed by Docetaxel as Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Changhoon Yoo, Sung-Bae Kim, Jin-Hee Ahn, Jeong Eun Kim, Kyung Hae Jung, Gyung-Yub Gong, Byung-Ho Son, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Seung Do Ahn, Hak-Hee Kim, Hee Jung Shin, Woo Kun Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(3):406-415. Published online November 27, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.073

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Purpose
Given the promising activity of capecitabine and vinorelbine in metastatic breast cancer, this randomized phase II trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of this combination as neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. Materials and Methods Patients with operable breast cancer (n=75) were randomly assigned to receive either four cycles of adriamycin 60 mg/m2 plus cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 every 3 weeks followed by four cycles of docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks (AC-D) or four cycles of capecitabine 2,000 mg/m2 (day 1-14) plus vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 (days 1 and 8) every 3 weeks followed by four cycles of docetaxel 75 mg/m2 (CV-D). The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR) in the primary breast (ypT0/is). Results Most patients (84%) had locally advanced (n=41) or inflammatory breast cancer (n=22). pCR rates in the primary breast were 15% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7% to 30%) and 11% (95% CI, 4% to 26%) in the AC-D and CV-D groups, respectively. The overall response rates and 5-year progression-free survival rates in the AC-D and CV-D groups were 62% and 64%, and 51.3% (95% CI, 34.6% to 68.0%) and 30.2% (95% CI, 13.3% to 47.1%), respectively. Although both regimens were well tolerated, CV-D showed less frequent grade 3-4 neutropenia and vomiting than AC-D, whereas manageable diarrhea and hand-foot syndrome were more common in the CV-D group. Conclusion CV-D is a feasible and active non-anthracycline–based neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen for breast cancer.

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Capecitabine for hormone receptor-positive versus hormone receptor-negative breast cancer
Siao-Nge Hoon, Peter K H Lau, Alison M White, Max K Bulsara, Patricia D Banks, Andrew D Redfern
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
rApoptin induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells via phosphorylation of Nur77 and Akt
Zhenhuan Hou, Jun Mao, Ying Lu, Lianhong Li
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications.2018; 498(1): 221. CrossRef
Neoadjuvant systemic therapy in breast cancer: Challenges and uncertainties
Mick Van de Wiel, Yanina Dockx, Tim Van den Wyngaert, Sigrid Stroobants, Wiebren A.A. Tjalma, Manon T. Huizing
European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology.2017; 210: 144. CrossRef
Human serum albumin-mediated apoptin delivery suppresses breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo
Fang Wu, Yizhi Liu, Jian Li, Lei Hou, Fuxi Lei, Shangke Huang, Lu Feng, Xinhan Zhao
Oncology Letters.2017; 13(2): 579. CrossRef
Capecitabine in Combination with Standard (Neo)Adjuvant Regimens in Early Breast Cancer: Survival Outcome from a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Ze-Chun Zhang, Qi-Ni Xu, Sui-Ling Lin, Xu-Yuan Li, Hemant Kumar Bid
PLOS ONE.2016; 11(10): e0164663. CrossRef

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Nomogram for Predicting Breast Conservation after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Min Kyoon Kim, Wonshik Han, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Soo Kyung Ahn, Jisun Kim, Jun Woo Lee, Ju-Yeon Kim, Taeryung Kim, Kyung-Hun Lee, Tae-Yong Kim, Sae-Won Han, Seock-Ah Im, Tae-You Kim, In Ae Park, Dong-Young Noh; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(2):197-207. Published online September 4, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.247

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Purpose
The ability to accurately predict the likelihood of achieving breast conservation surgery (BCS) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) is important in deciding whether NCT or surgery should be the first-line treatment in patients with operable breast cancers. Materials and Methods We reviewed the data of 513 women, who had stage II or III breast cancer and received NCT and surgery from a single institution. The ability of various clinicopathologic factors to predict the achievement of BCS and tumor size reduction to ≤ 3 cm was assessed. Nomograms were built and validated in an independent cohort. Results BCS was performed in 50.1% of patients, with 42.2% of tumors reduced to ≤ 3 cm after NCT. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smaller initial tumor size, longer distance between the lesion and the nipple, absence of suspicious calcifications on mammography, and a single tumor were associated with BCS rather than mastectomy (p < 0.05). Negative estrogen receptor, smaller initial tumor size, higher Ki-67 level, and absence of in situ component were associated with residual tumor size ≤ 3 cm (p < 0.05). Two nomograms were developed using these factors. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for nomograms predicting BCS and residual tumor ≤ 3 cm were 0.800 and 0.777, respectively. The calibration plots showed good agreement between the predicted and actual probabilities. Conclusion We have established a model with novel factors that predicts BCS and residual tumor size after NCT. This model can help in making treatment decisions for patients who are candidates for NCT.

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Risk scoring system for predicting breast conservation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Lobna Ouldamer, Sofiane Bendifallah, Joseph Pilloy, Flavie Arbion, Gilles Body, Caroline Brisson, Vincent Lavoué, Jean Lévêque, Emile Daraï
The Breast Journal.2019; 25(4): 696. CrossRef
Score for the Survival Probability in Metastasis Breast Cancer: A Nomogram-Based Risk Assessment Model
Zhenchong Xiong, Guangzheng Deng, Xinjian Huang, Xing Li, Xinhua Xie, Jin Wang, Zeyu Shuang, Xi Wang
Cancer Research and Treatment.2018; 50(4): 1260. CrossRef
Development of Nomogram to Predict the Best Military Category Using Physical Fitness Variables: A Model Development in Navy Trainees
Milad Nazarzadeh, Ali Reza Khoshdel, Abolfazl Goodarzi, Alireza Mosavi Jarrahi
Journal of Archives in Military Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Predicting Successful Conservative Surgery after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Hormone Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
Chang Seok Ko, Kyu Min Kim, Jong Won Lee, Han Shin Lee, Sae Byul Lee, Guiyun Sohn, Jisun Kim, Hee Jeong Kim, Il Yong Chung, Beom Seok Ko, Byung Ho Son, Seung Do Ahn, Sung-Bae Kim, Hak Hee Kim, Sei Hyun Ahn
Journal of Breast Disease.2018; 6(2): 52. CrossRef
External validation of a published nomogram for prediction of brain metastasis in patients with extra-cerebral metastatic breast cancer and risk regression analysis
Ludivine Genre, Henri Roché, Léonel Varela, Dorra Kanoun, Monia Ouali, Thomas Filleron, Florence Dalenc
European Journal of Cancer.2017; 72: 200. CrossRef
Facteurs prédictifs de traitement conservateur après chimiothérapie néo-adjuvante dans le cancer du sein
J. Pilloy, C. Fleurier, M. Chas, L. Bédouet, M.L. Jourdan, F. Arbion, G. Body, L. Ouldamer
Gynécologie Obstétrique Fertilité & Sénologie .2017; 45(9): 466. CrossRef
Actual Conversion Rate from Total Mastectomy to Breast Conservation after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Stages II–III Breast Cancer Patients
Hyejin Mo, Yumi Kim, Jiyoung Rhu, Kyung-Hun Lee, Tae-Yong Kim, Seock-Ah Im, Eun-Shin Lee, Han-Byoel Lee, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Dong-Young Noh, Wonshik Han
Journal of Breast Disease.2017; 5(2): 51. CrossRef

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Prospective Evaluation of the Feasibility of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer Patients with Negative Axillary Conversion after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Hy-De Lee, Sung Gwe Ahn, Seung Ah Lee, Hak Min Lee, Joon Jeong; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(1):26-33. Published online August 29, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.208

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Purpose
Tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) may adversely affect the identification and accuracy rate of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of SLNB in node-positive breast cancer patients with negative axillary conversion after NAC. Materials and Methods Ninety-six patients with positive nodes at presentation were prospectively enrolled. 18Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) and ultrasonography were performed before and after NAC. A metastatic axillary lymph node was defined as positive if it was positive upon both 18F-FDG PET and ultrasonography, while it was considered negative if it was negative upon both 18F-FDG PET and ultrasonography. Results After NAC, 55 cases (57.3%) became clinically node-negative, while 41 cases (42.7%) remained node-positive. In the entire cohort, the sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification and false-negative rates were 84.3% (81/96) and 18.4% (9/49), respectively. In the negative axillary conversion group, the results of SLNB showed an 85.7% (48/55) identification rate and 16.7% (4/24) false-negative rate. Conclusion For breast cancer patients with clinically positive nodes at presentation, it is difficult to conclude whether the SLN accurately represents the metastatic status of all axillary lymph nodes, even after clinically negative node conversion following NAC.

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Feasibility of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer Patients with Axillary Conversion after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy—A Single-Tertiary Centre Experience and Review of the Literature
Alexandra Maria Lazar, Mario-Demian Mutuleanu, Paula Monica Spiridon, Cristian Ioan Bordea, Tatiana Lucia Suta, Alexandru Blidaru, Mirela Gherghe
Diagnostics.2023; 13(18): 3000. CrossRef
AGO-Empfehlungen zur operativen Therapie der Axilla nach neoadjuvanter Chemotherapie: Update 2021
Michael Friedrich, Thorsten Kühn, Wolfgang Janni, Volkmar Müller, Maggie Banys-Paluchowski, Cornelia Kolberg-Liedtke, Christian Jackisch, David Krug, Ute-Susann Albert, Ingo Bauerfeind, Jens Blohmer, Wilfried Budach, Peter Dall, Eva M. Fallenberg, Peter A
Senologie - Zeitschrift für Mammadiagnostik und -therapie.2022; 19(01): 56. CrossRef
The value of sentinel lymph-node biopsy in women with node-positive breast cancer at diagnosis and node-negative tumour after neoadjuvant therapy: a systematic review
Juan C. Vázquez, Antonio Piñero, Francisco J. de Castro, Ana Lluch, Miguel Martín, Agustí Barnadas, Emilio Alba, Álvaro Rodríguez-Lescure, Federico Rojo, Julia Giménez, Ivan Solá, Maria J. Quintana, Xavier Bonfill, Gerard Urrutia, Pedro Sánchez-Rovira
Clinical and Translational Oncology.2022; 25(2): 417. CrossRef
Outcomes of Sentinel Node Biopsy for Women with Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Therapy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Real-World Data
Shi-Qian Lin, Nguyen-Phong Vo, Yu-Chun Yen, Ka-Wai Tam
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2022; 29(5): 3038. CrossRef
Feasibility and reliability of sentinel lymph node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients with positive axillary nodes at initial diagnosis: An up-to-date meta-analysis of 3,578 patients
Siyang Cao, Xia Liu, Junwei Cui, Xiaoling Liu, Jieyu Zhong, Zijian Yang, Desheng Sun, Wei Wei
The Breast.2021; 59: 256. CrossRef
AGO Recommendations for the Surgical Therapy of the Axilla After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: 2021 Update
Michael Friedrich, Thorsten Kühn, Wolfgang Janni, Volkmar Müller, Maggie Banys-Paluchowski, Cornelia Kolberg-Liedtke, Christian Jackisch, David Krug, Ute-Susann Albert, Ingo Bauerfeind, Jens Blohmer, Wilfried Budach, Peter Dall, Eva M. Fallenberg, Peter A
Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde.2021; 81(10): 1112. CrossRef
Therapiealgorithmen für das Mammakarzinom
J.-U. Blohmer, A. Schneeweiss, I. Bauerfeind, T. Fehm, V. Müller, C. Thomssen, I. Witzel, A. Wöckel, W. Janni
Der Onkologe.2021; 27(12): 1165. CrossRef
Axillary response according to neoadjuvant single or dual human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) blockade in clinically node‐positive, HER2‐positive breast cancer
Chihwan Cha, Sung Gwe Ahn, Dooreh Kim, Janghee Lee, Soeun Park, Soong June Bae, Jee Ye Kim, Hyung Seok Park, Seho Park, Seung Il Kim, Byeong‐Woo Park, Joon Jeong
International Journal of Cancer.2021; 149(8): 1585. CrossRef
The Accuracy of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Clinically Node Positive Breast Cancer Patients: A Single Institution Experience
Hossein Yahyazadeh, Maria Hashemian, Mojtaba Rajabpour, Saina Aminmozaffari, Maryam Zaree, Ahmad R Mafi, Hossein Pourtavakoli, Narges Sistany Allahabadi, Marzieh Beheshti
International Journal of Cancer Management.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
A survey of current surgical treatment of early stage breast cancer in China
Xin Zhang, Ying Wang
Oncoscience.2018; 5(7-8): 239. CrossRef
Predictive Factors for Nonsentinel Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Positive Sentinel Lymph Nodes After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Nomogram for Predicting Nonsentinel Lymph Node Metastasis
Jai Min Ryu, Se Kyung Lee, Ji Young Kim, Jonghan Yu, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Se Hwan Han, Yong Sik Jung, Seok Jin Nam
Clinical Breast Cancer.2017; 17(7): 550. CrossRef

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Response Evaluation after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation by Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Joon Suk Park, Joon Young Choi, Seung Hwan Moon, Yong Chan Ahn, Jeeyun Lee, Dohun Kim, Kwhanmien Kim, Young Mog Shim; Cancer Res Treat. 2013;45(1):22-30. Published online March 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.45.1.22

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PURPOSE
Parameters of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) were compared with the results of histopathologic examination in order to determine which can provide an objective indication of response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation for treatment of thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between August 2003 and January 2010, data on 25 patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation and subsequent resection for treatment of esophageal SCC were retrospectively reviewed. Changes in maximum standardized uptake value (DeltaSUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (DeltaMTV), and total lesion glycolysis (DeltaTLG) were analyzed by comparison with the histopathologic findings.
RESULTS
Pathologic complete remission (CR) for the main tumor was achieved in 11 patients. Postradiation esophagitis was observed in 10 patients. DeltaSUVmax of the main tumor was significantly greater in the CR group than in the partial response (PR) group (p=0.039), while DeltaMTV and DeltaTLG of the main tumor were not (p=0.141 and p=0.349, respectively). The cut-off DeltaSUVmax value for CR was estimated as 72.1%, indicating significantly better accuracy than visual interpretation (p=0.045). Of the 48 involved lymph nodes, DeltaSUVmax and DeltaMTV of lymph nodes were significantly greater in the CR group than in the PR group (p=0.045 and p=0.014, respectively), while DeltaTLG was not (p=0.063). The cut-off value of DeltaSUVmax for prediction of CR in lymph nodes was calculated as 50.67%.
CONCLUSION
PET-CT could be used for prediction of response to neoadjuvant treatment in thoracic esophageal SCC. DeltaSUVmax may be a more significant predictor for CR after neoadjuvant chemoradiation than DeltaTLG and DeltaMTV.

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PET-Uptake Reduction into Lymph Nodes After Neoadjuvant Therapy is Highly Predictive of Prognosis for Patients Who have Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated with Chemoradiotherapy Plus Esophagectomy
Yushi Nagaki, Satoru Motoyama, Yusuke Sato, Akiyuki Wakita, Hiromu Fujita, Kohei Kemuriyama, Yoshihiro Sasaki, Kazuhiro Imai, Eri Maeda, Yoshihiro Minamiya
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2022; 29(2): 1336. CrossRef
Prognostic factors associated with 18FDG-PET/CT in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after trimodality treatment
Wei-Hsiang Feng, Ying-Yi Chen, Yen‐Shou Kuo, Kuan-Hsun Lin, Yuan-Ming Tsai, Ti-Hui Wu, Hsu-Kai Huang, Tsai-Wang Huang
BMC Cancer.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
SUVmax reduction predicts long-term survival in patients of non-pCR both in the tumor and lymph nodes after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Yushi Nagaki, Satoru Motoyama, Yusuke Sato, Akiyuki Wakita, Hiromu Fujita, Yoshihiro Sasaki, Kazuhiro Imai, Yoshihiro Minamiya
World Journal of Surgical Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
18F-FDG PET/CT Parameters for Predicting Prognosis in Esophageal Cancer Patients Treated With Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
Seokmo Lee, Yunseon Choi, Geumju Park, Sunmi Jo, Sun Seong Lee, Jisun Park, Hye-Kyung Shim
Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Accuracy of Detecting Residual Disease After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer
Ben M. Eyck, Barbera D. Onstenk, Bo J. Noordman, Daan Nieboer, Manon C. W. Spaander, Roelf Valkema, Sjoerd M. Lagarde, Bas P. L. Wijnhoven, J. Jan B. van Lanschot
Annals of Surgery.2020; 271(2): 245. CrossRef
Utility of positron emission–computed tomography for predicting pathological response in resectable oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemoradiation
Jiyun Lee, Joon Young Choi, Sung Won Lim, Myung-Ju Ahn, Keunchil Park, Jae Il Zo, Young Mog Shim, Dongryul Oh, Jong-Mu Sun
European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery.2020; 58(5): 1019. CrossRef
Detecting Pathological Complete Response in Esophageal Cancer after Neoadjuvant Therapy Based on Imaging Techniques: A Diagnostic Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Didi J.J.M. de Gouw, Bastiaan R. Klarenbeek, Mitchell Driessen, Stefan A.W. Bouwense, Frans van Workum, Jurgen J. Fütterer, Maroeska M. Rovers, Richard P.G. ten Broek, Camiel Rosman
Journal of Thoracic Oncology.2019; 14(7): 1156. CrossRef
Supraclavicular and/or celiac lymph node metastases from thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma did not compromise survival following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery
Won Kyung Cho, Dongryul Oh, Yong Chan Ahn, Young Mog Shim, Jae Ill Zo, Jong-Mu Sun, Myung-Ju Ahn, Keunchil Park
Oncotarget.2017; 8(2): 3542. CrossRef
Prognostic and Predictive Value of FDG-PET as an Aid in Oesophageal Cancer Management
Mian Xi, Steven H. Lin
EMJ Oncology.2017; : 78. CrossRef
Ability of Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography to Predict Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgical Treatment for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Yoichi Hamai, Jun Hihara, Manabu Emi, Takaoki Furukawa, Ichiko Yamakita, Tomoaki Kurokawa, Morihito Okada
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery.2016; 102(4): 1132. CrossRef
PET/CT in the evaluation of treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and prognostication in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Hui Yuan, Daniel K.H. Tong, Varut Vardhanabhuti, Simon Y.K. Law, Keith W.H. Chiu, Pek-Lan Khong
Nuclear Medicine Communications.2016; 37(9): 947. CrossRef
Understanding Complete Pathologic Response in Oesophageal Cancer: Implications for Management and Survival
K. E. O’Sullivan, E. T. Hurley, J. P. Hurley
Gastroenterology Research and Practice.2015; 2015: 1. CrossRef
Prognostic significance of PET assessment of metabolic response to therapy in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Arpit Chhabra, Leonard T Ong, Deborah Kuk, Geoffrey Ku, David Ilson, Yelena Y Janjigian, Abraham Wu, Heiko Schöder, Karyn A Goodman
British Journal of Cancer.2015; 113(12): 1658. CrossRef

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