Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Time-Trend Analysis and Risk Factors for Niraparib-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Ovarian Cancer: A Prospective Study: Young Wook Jeong, Dongkyu Eugene Kim, Ji Hyun Kim, Se Ik Kim, Hyeong In Ha, Sang-Yoon Park, Myong Cheol Lim; Received September 14, 2024 Accepted November 2, 2024 Published online November 4, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.899 [Accepted]

Abstract PDF: Purpose
Nausea and vomiting are major non-hematological adverse events associated with niraparib maintenance therapy. This study aimed to investigate the time-trend patterns of niraparib-induced nausea and vomiting (NINV) and the associated risk factors in patients with ovarian cancer.
Materials and Methods
In this prospective study, we enrolled patients with stage III–IV epithelial ovarian cancer who received niraparib as frontline maintenance therapy. The clinicopathological characteristics and time-trend patterns of patients with NINV were collected through in-person surveys and electronic medical records from the National Cancer Center.
Results
Of 53 patients, 50 (94.3%) were diagnosed with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. BRCA mutations and homologous recombination deﬁciency (HRD) were identified in 23 (43.4%) and 32 (60.4%) patients, respectively. Thirty-one patients (58.5%) had NINV. Time-trend analyses revealed that the first peak intensity of NINV was reached at 3 h post-dose, and the second peak intensity was reached at 11 h post-dose. NINV significantly decreased from week 1 to weeks 8 and 12. In multivariate analyses of risk factors for NINV, HRD-positive tumors (p<0.001) and prior experience of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (p=0.004) were associated with the occurrence of NINV.
Conclusion
Pre-emptive treatment with antiemetics are required to manage early-phase NINV during niraparib maintenance therapy in patients with risk factors. Additional larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and to develop optimal preventive strategies for NINV.

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Genitourinary cancer

Risk Factors and Patterns of Locoregional Recurrence after Radical Nephrectomy for Locally Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: Gyu Sang Yoo, Won Park, Hongryull Pyo, Byong Chang Jeong, Hwang Gyun Jeon, Minyong Kang, Seong Il Seo, Seong Soo Jeon, Hyun Moo Lee, Han Yong Choi, Byung Kwan Park, Chan Kyo Kim, Sung Yoon Park, Ghee Young Kwon; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):218-225. Published online April 15, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.1373

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Purpose
We aimed to investigate the risk factors and patterns of locoregional recurrence (LRR) after radical nephrectomy (RN) in patients with locally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 245 patients who underwent RN for non-metastatic pT3-4 RCC from January 2006 to January 2016. We analyzed the risk factors associated with poor locoregional control using Cox regression. Anatomical mapping was performed on reference computed tomography scans showing intact kidneys.
Results
The median follow-up duration was 56 months (range, 1 to 128 months). Tumor extension to renal vessels or the inferior vena cava (IVC) and Fuhrman’s nuclear grade IV were identified as independent risk factors of LRR. The 5-year actuarial LRR rates in groups with no risk factor, one risk factor, and two risk factors were 2.3%, 19.8%, and 30.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). The locations of LRR were distributed as follows: aortocaval area (n=2), paraaortic area (n=4), retrocaval area (n=5), and tumor bed (n=11). No LRR was observed above the celiac axis (CA) or under the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA).
Conclusion
Tumor extension to renal vessels or the IVC and Fuhrman’s nuclear grade IV were the independent risk factors associated with LRR after RN for pT3-4 RCC. The locations of LRR after RN for RCC were distributed in the tumor bed and regional lymphatic area from the bifurcation of the CA to that of the IMA.

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Survival pattern of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients according to WHO/ISUP grade: a long-term multi-institutional study
Joongwon Choi, Seokhwan Bang, Jungyo Suh, Chang Il Choi, Wan Song, Hyeong Dong Yuk, Chan Ho Lee, Minyong Kang, Seol Ho Choo, Jung Kwon Kim, Hyung Ho Lee, Jung Ki Jo, Eu Chang Hwang, Chang Wook Jeong, Young Hwii Ko, Jae Young Park, Cheryn Song, Seong Il Se
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Adjuvant Therapy for High-Risk Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current Landscape and Future Direction
Dylan M Buller, Maria Antony, Benjamin T Ristau
OncoTargets and Therapy.2023; Volume 16: 49. CrossRef

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Gastrointestinal Cancer

Population Attributable Fraction of Helicobacter pylori Infection–Related Gastric Cancer in Korea: A Meta-Analysis: Yoon Park, Moran Ki; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):744-753. Published online December 15, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.610

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Purpose
This study aimed to determine the proportion of gastric cancer attributable to Helicobactor pylori in the Korean population. Infection with H. pylori has been recognized as the most significant risk factor for gastric cancer. In Korea, gastric cancer is the most common cancer that accounted for 13.3% of all cancers in 2016. In particular, men are most commonly diagnosed with gastric cancer; the age-standardized incidence rate in men is 49.6 per 100,000, which is more than twice the incidence in women.
Materials and Methods
The population attributable fraction (PAF) was calculated as a function of the relative risk (RR) of gastric cancer associated with H. pylori infections. To estimate PAF of gastric cancer due to H. pylori, the prevalence of H. pylori infections was extrapolated for the year of 1990 and a pooled RR was obtained by conducting a meta-analysis of studies recently published in Korea.
Results
The estimated prevalence of H. pylori was 76.4% in men and 71.9% in women. The RRs (95% confidence interval) pooled from case-control studies using a random effects model was 1.69 (1.29-2.22) for overall gastric cancer and 2.17 (1.04-4.55) for non-cardia gastric cancer. Using the RR for overall gastric cancer, the estimated PAFs due to H. pylori were 34.5% in men and 33.2% in women.
Conclusion
The occurrence of gastric cancer in Koreans may be affected by other risk factors in addition to H. pylori infection, which may contribute to increasing baseline risk for gastric cancer.

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Trends of gastric cancer burdens attributable to risk factors in China from 2000 to 2050
Feifan He, Shaoming Wang, Rongshou Zheng, Jianhua Gu, Hongmei Zeng, Kexin Sun, Ru Chen, Li Li, Bingfeng Han, Xinqing Li, Wenqiang Wei, Jie He
The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific.2024; 44: 101003. CrossRef
Estimation of the benefit from pre‐emptive genotyping based on the nationwide cohort data in South Korea
Ki Young Huh, Sejung Hwang, Joo Young Na, Kyung‐Sang Yu, In‐Jin Jang, Jae‐Yong Chung, Seonghae Yoon
Clinical and Translational Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Unveiling the Younger Face of Gastric Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies
Kai Kang, Mary Angelica Bagaoisan, YuXin Zhang
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Gastric cancer—Epidemiology, modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, challenges and opportunities: An updated review
Tajul Islam Mamun, Sabrina Younus, Md. Hashibur Rahman
Cancer Treatment and Research Communications.2024; 41: 100845. CrossRef
Risk factors for gastric cancer: A comprehensive analysis of observational studies
Yuqing Hui, Chunyi Tu, Danlei Liu, Huijie Zhang, Xiaobing Gong
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Cardia and non‐cardia gastric cancer risk associated with Helicobacter pylori in East Asia and the West: A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and estimation of population attributable fraction
Zhongxue Han, Jing Liu, Wenlin Zhang, Qingzhou Kong, Meng Wan, Minjuan Lin, Boshen Lin, Yuming Ding, Miao Duan, Yueyue Li, Xiuli Zuo, Yanqing Li
Helicobacter.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of Disability Status on Mortality in Patients with Gastric Cancer: A Nationwide Study Focusing on Regional Disparities
Woo-Ri Lee, Kyu-Tae Han, Mingee Choi, Seojin Park, Woorim Kim
Healthcare.2023; 11(5): 641. CrossRef
Characteristics of phenotypic antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori and its correlation with genotypic antibiotic resistance: A retrospective study in Ningxia
Shengjuan Hu, Yan Zhou, Yanhong Deng, Yang Bo, Xianmei Chen, Wei Yang, Ruichun Shi, Wei Zhao, Zhanbing Hou, Jianping Hu, Jianguo Liu, Xilong Zhang, Heli Yong, Ping Wang, Fei Li, Hailong Qi, Xiaoyun Wang, Lijuan Jin, Ting Cui, Haijiang Yong, Xue Li, Bin Ya
Helicobacter.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of the Concordance of Allergic Diseases between Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins: A Cross-Sectional Study Using KoGES HTS Data
Eun Lee, Joo-Hee Kim, Hyo Choi, Ho Kang, Hyun Lim, Ji Kim, Seong-Jin Cho, Eun Nam, Ha Park, Nan Kim, Mi Kwon
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2023; 13(5): 721. CrossRef
Updated Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer in Asia: Decreased Incidence but Still a Big Challenge
Wing Sum Shin, Fuda Xie, Bonan Chen, Peiyao Yu, Jun Yu, Ka Fai To, Wei Kang
Cancers.2023; 15(9): 2639. CrossRef
Associations between Physical Activity and Incidence of Cancer among Overweight Adults in Korea: Results from the Health Examinees-G Study
Jaesung Choi, JooYong Park, Ji-Eun Kim, Miyoung Lee, Daehee Kang, Aesun Shin, Ji-Yeob Choi
Cancer Prevention Research.2023; 16(7): 405. CrossRef
Risk Factors to Predict Ocular Metastasis in Older Adult Patients With Gastric Cancer:LDL, ApoA1, and CA724
Wen-Qing Shi, Shi-Nan Wu, Tie Sun, Hui-Ye Shu, Qi-Chen Yang, Qiu-Yu Li, Ting Su, Yi-Cong Pan, Rong-Bin Liang, Yi Shao
Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of gastric cancer screening on long-term survival of gastric cancer patients: results of Korean national cancer screening program
Xuan Quy Luu, Kyeongmin Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Mina Suh, Kyu-Won Jung, Kui Son Choi
Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 57(7): 464. CrossRef
Comparison of Concordance of Peptic Ulcer Disease, Non-Adenomatous Intestinal Polyp, and Gallstone Disease in Korean Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins: A Cross-Sectional Study
Hyo Geun Choi, So Young Kim, Hyun Lim, Joo-Hee Kim, Ji Hee Kim, Seong-Jin Cho, Eun Sook Nam, Kyueng-Whan Min, Ha Young Park, Nan Young Kim, Sangkyoon Hong, Younghee Choi, Ho Suk Kang, Mi Jung Kwon
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(19): 12708. CrossRef
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Hui Liu, Zigang Dong
Cancer Research.2021; 81(21): 5377. CrossRef

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Palliative medicine

Difficulties Doctors Experience during Life-Sustaining Treatment Discussion after Enactment of the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions Act: A Cross-Sectional Study: Shin Hye Yoo, Wonho Choi, Yejin Kim, Min Sun Kim, Hye Yoon Park, Bhumsuk Keam, Dae Seog Heo; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(2):584-592. Published online November 19, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.735

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Purpose
This study aimed to investigate difficulties doctors experience during life-sustaining treatment (LST) discussion with seriously ill patients and their families after enactment of the LST Decisions Act in February 2018.
Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a tertiary hospital in the Republic of Korea in August 2019. Six hundred eighty-six doctors who care for seriously ill patients were given a structured questionnaire, and difficulties during the discussion were examined.
Results
One hundred thirty-two doctors completed the questionnaire. Eighty-five percent answered they treat cancer patients. Most (86.4%) experienced considerable difficulties during LST discussions (mean score, 7.4±1.6/10). The two most common difficulties were communication with patients and family and determining when to discuss LST. Two-thirds of doctors found direct discussions with the patient difficult and said they would initiate LST discussions only with family. LST discussions were actually initiated later than considered appropriate. When medically assessing whether the patient is imminently dying, 56% of doctors experienced disagreements with other doctors, which could affect their decisions.
Conclusion
This study found that most doctors experienced serious difficulties regarding communication with patients and family and medical assessment of dying process during LST discussions. To alleviate these difficulties, further institutional support is needed to improve the LST discussion between doctors, patients, and family.

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Nurses' engagement in advance care planning practices: A descriptive cross‐sectional study
Sangmin Lee, Naixue Cui, Hyejin Kim
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Navigating shared decision-making after the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decision Act: a qualitative study of in-depth interviews with terminal cancer patients, families, and healthcare professionals
Soo-Young Yu, Yu-eun Lee, Sung Joon Shin, Go-un Woo, Dalyong Kim, Jung Hye Kwon, Do Yeun Kim, Eunyoung Eunice Suh
Supportive Care in Cancer.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Use of high‐flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy for patients with terminal cancer at the end of life
Jung Sun Kim, Jeongmi Shin, Nam Hee Kim, Sun Young Lee, Shin Hye Yoo, Bhumsuk Keam, Dae Seog Heo
Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(13): 14612. CrossRef
Ethical Issues Referred to Clinical Ethics Support at a University Hospital in Korea: Three-Year Experience After Enforcement of Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions Act
Shin Hye Yoo, Yejin Kim, Wonho Choi, Jeongmi Shin, Min Sun Kim, Hye Yoon Park, Bhumsuk Keam, Jae-Joon Yim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Advance Care Planning in South Korea
Yu Jung Kim, Sun-Hyun Kim
Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen.2023; 180: 68. CrossRef
Physicians’ attitudes and experiences about withholding/withdrawing life-sustaining treatments in pediatrics: a systematic review of quantitative evidence
Yajing Zhong, Alice Cavolo, Veerle Labarque, Chris Gastmans
BMC Palliative Care.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Public awareness of advance care planning and hospice palliative care: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Korea
Boram Kim, Junyong Lee, Youn Seon Choi
BMC Palliative Care.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Analysis of Cancer Patient Decision-Making and Health Service Utilization after Enforcement of the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decision-Making Act in Korea
Dalyong Kim, Shin Hye Yoo, Seyoung Seo, Hyun Jung Lee, Min Sun Kim, Sung Joon Shin, Chi-Yeon Lim, Do Yeun Kim, Dae Seog Heo, Chae-Man Lim
Cancer Research and Treatment.2022; 54(1): 20. CrossRef
Physician decision-making process about withholding/withdrawing life-sustaining treatments in paediatric patients: a systematic review of qualitative evidence
Yajing Zhong, Alice Cavolo, Veerle Labarque, Chris Gastmans
BMC Palliative Care.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Association of perceived life satisfaction with attitudes toward life-sustaining treatment among the elderly in South Korea: a cross-sectional study
Il Yun, Hyunkyu Kim, Eun-Cheol Park, Suk-Yong Jang
BMC Palliative Care.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Awareness of Doctors’ Shared Decision-Making in Life-Sustaining Care Decisions
Dalyong Kim, Hyun Jung Lee, Soo-Young Yu, Jung Hye Kwon, Hee Kyung Ahn, Jee Hyun Kim, Seyoung Seo, Chi Hoon Maeng, Seungtaek Lim, Do Yeun Kim, Sung Joon Shin
The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2021; 24(4): 204. CrossRef

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Gynecologic cancer

Uptake of Family-Specific Mutation Genetic Testing Among Relatives of Patients with Ovarian Cancer with BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutation: Go Woon Jeong, Wonkyo Shin, Dong Ock Lee, Sang-Soo Seo, Sokbom Kang, Sang-Yoon Park, Myong Cheol Lim; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(1):207-211. Published online August 11, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.364

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Purpose
The BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene is transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion, and genetic testing of first-degree relatives of patients with family-specific mutation (FSM) is recommended. This study examined factors affecting the uptake of FSM testing among relatives of patients with peritoneal, ovarian, or fallopian tube (POFT) cancer with confirmed BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline mutation.
Materials and Methods
Data from medical charts of 392 eligible patients and their relatives who had undergone outpatient genetic counseling/testing were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical factors were compared between family members who had and had not undergone genetic counseling/testing.
Results
The uptake of FSM testing was 30.5% (129/423) among first-degree living relatives and 53.5% (69/129) within the overall family unit. The average time from genetic testing of the proband to the first FSM test within a family was 168 days (range, 23 to 681 days). Having a living father (33.8% vs. 13.3%, p=0.007) and daughter (79.4% vs. 60.3%, p=0.019) increased the uptake of FSM testing. FSM testing was more likely among female than among male relatives of cancer patients (40.9% vs. 17.6%, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Approximately one-third of first-degree relatives of patients with a POFT cancer with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation underwent FSM testing. Having a living father or daughter was a factor affecting the uptake of FSM testing, which was higher among female than among male relatives of the proband. This discrepancy might be due to a misconception that the BRCA gene is associated with women rather than with men.

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Cancer burden in individuals with single versus double pathogenic variants in cancer susceptibility genes
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Genetics in Medicine Open.2024; 2: 101829. CrossRef
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Christopher Grisham, Beth N. Peshkin, Lia Sorgen, Claudine Isaacs, Mary Kathleen Ladd, Aryana Jacobs, Savannah Binion, Mara Tynan, Emily Kuchinsky, Susan Friedman, Kathryn L. Taylor, Kristi Graves, Suzanne O’Neill, David Kim, Marc D. Schwartz
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Brittany L. Bychkovsky, Min‐Tzu Lo, Amal Yussuf, Carrie Horton, Marcy Richardson, Holly LaDuca, Judy E. Garber, Huma Q. Rana
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Melissa K. Frey, Muhammad Danyal Ahsan, Hannah Bergeron, Jenny Lin, Xuan Li, Rana K. Fowlkes, Priyanka Narayan, Roni Nitecki, Jose Alejandro Rauh-Hain, Haley A. Moss, Becky Baltich Nelson, Charlene Thomas, Paul J. Christos, Jada G. Hamilton, Eloise Chapma
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Brittany L. Bychkovsky, Nihat B. Agaoglu, Carolyn Horton, Jing Zhou, Amal Yussuf, Parichehr Hemyari, Marcy E. Richardson, Colin Young, Holly LaDuca, Deborah L. McGuinness, Rochelle Scheib, Judy E. Garber, Huma Q. Rana
JAMA Oncology.2022; 8(11): 1598. CrossRef

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Implication of the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions Act on End-of-Life Care for Korean Terminal Patients: Jung Sun Kim, Shin Hye Yoo, Wonho Choi, Yejin Kim, Jinui Hong, Min Sun Kim, Hye Yoon Park, Bhumsuk Keam, Dae Seog Heo; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(3):917-924. Published online March 23, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.740

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Life-sustaining treatment (LST) decisions for patients and caregivers at the end-of-life (EOL) process are supported by the “Act on Hospice and Palliative Care and Decisions on LST for Patients at the EOL,” enforced in February 2018. Itremains unclear whether the act changes EOL decisions and LST implementation in clinical practice. For this study, we investigated patients’ decision-making regarding LSTs during the EOL process since the act’s enforcement.
Materials and Methods
Retrospective reviews were conducted on adult patients who were able to decide to terminate LST and died at Seoul National University Hospital between February 5, 2018, and February 5, 2019. We examined demographics, who made the decisions, the type and date of documentation confirming patient's LST, and whether the LST was withheld or withdrawn.
Results
Of 809 patients who were enrolled, 29% (n=231) completed forms regarding LST themselves, and 71% (n=578) needed family members to decide. The median time from confirmation of the EOL process to death and from the Advance Statement to death were 2 and 5 days, respectively (both ranges, 0 to 244). In total, 90% (n=727) of patients withheld treatment, and 10% (n=82)withdrew it. We found a higher withdrawal rate when family members made the decisions (13.3% vs. 1.7%, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
After the act’s enforcement, withdrawing LSTs became lawful and self-determination rates increased. Family members still make 71% of decisions regarding LSTs, but these are often inconsistent with the patients’ wishes; thus, further efforts are needed to integrate the new act into clinical practice.

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Il Yun, Hyunkyu Kim, Eun-Cheol Park, Suk-Yong Jang
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Sunjung Kim, Sunghee H. Tak
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Life-Sustaining Treatment States in Korean Cancer Patients after Enforcement of Act on Decisions on Life-Sustaining Treatment for Patients at the End of Life
Young-Woong Won, Hwa Jung Kim, Jung Hye Kwon, Ha Yeon Lee, Sun Kyung Baek, Yu Jung Kim, Do Yeun Kim, Hyewon Ryu
Cancer Research and Treatment.2021; 53(4): 908. CrossRef
The Situation of Life-Sustaining Treatment One Year after Enforcement of the Act on Decisions on Life-Sustaining Treatment for Patients at the End-of-Life in Korea: Data of National Agency for Management of Life-Sustaining Treatment
Ha Yeon Lee, Hwa Jung Kim, Jung Hye Kwon, Sun Kyung Baek, Young-Woong Won, Yu Jung Kim, Su Jin Baik, Hyewon Ryu
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Preparation and Practice of the Necessary Documents in Hospital for the “Act on Decision of Life-Sustaining Treatment for Patients at the End-of-Life”
Sun Kyung Baek, Hwa Jung Kim, Jung Hye Kwon, Ha Yeon Lee, Young-Woong Won, Yu Jung Kim, Sujin Baik, Hyewon Ryu
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Current Status and Cardinal Features of Patient Autonomy after Enactment of the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions Act in Korea
Hwa Jung Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Jung Hye Kwon, Young-Woong Won, Ha Yeon Lee, Sun Kyung Baek, Hyewon Ryu, Do Yeun Kim
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Hospice and Palliative Care Education for Medical Students in Korea
Do Yeun Kim, Soon Nam Lee
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Clinical Implications of Circulating Tumor DNA from Ascites and Serial Plasma in Ovarian Cancer: Mi-Ryung Han, Sug Hyung Lee, Jung Yoon Park, Hyosun Hong, Jung Yoon Ho, Soo Young Hur, Youn Jin Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(3):779-788. Published online February 28, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.700

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from ascites and serial plasma samples from epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients.
Materials and Methods
Using targeted next-generation sequencing, we analyzed a total of 55 EOC samples including ctDNA from ascites and serial plasma and gDNA from tumor tissues. Tumor tissues and ascites were collected during debulking surgeries and plasma samples were collected before and after the surgeries. Because one EOC patient underwent secondary debulking surgery, a total of 11 tumor tissues, 33 plasma samples, and 11 ascites samples were obtained from the 10 patients.
Results
Of the 10 patients, nine (90%) contained somatic mutations in both tumor tissues and ascites ctDNA. This mutational concordance was confirmed through correlation analysis. The mutational concordance between ascites and tumor tissues was valid in recurrent/progressive ovarian cancer. TP53 was the most frequently detected gene with mutations. ctDNA from serial plasma samples identified EOC progression/recurrence at a similar time or even more rapidly than cancer antigen 125, an established serum protein tumor marker for EOC.
Conclusion
Our data suggest that ascites ctDNA can be used to identify the mutational landscape of ovarian cancer for therapeutic strategy planning.

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Giovanni Marchi, Anna Rajavuori, Mai T.N. Nguyen, Kaisa Huhtinen, Sinikka Oksa, Sakari Hietanen, Sampsa Hautaniemi, Johanna Hynninen, Jaana Oikkonen
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Ricardo Roque, Ilda Patrícia Ribeiro, Margarida Figueiredo-Dias, Charlie Gourley, Isabel Marques Carreira
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Jinho Heo, Yoo-Na Kim, Saeam Shin, Kyunglim Lee, Ji-Hyun Lee, Yong Jae Lee, Zisun Choi, Jihyang Park, Seungki Min, Sang Wun Kim, Jong Rak Choi, Sunghoon Kim, Seung-Tae Lee, Jung-Yun Lee
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Bonnita Werner, Katrin M Sjoquist, David Espinoza, Sonia Yip, Garry Chang, Michelle M Cummins, Linda Mileshkin, Sumitra Ananda, Catherine Shannon, Michael Friedlander, Kristina Warton, Caroline E. Ford
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Cell‐free DNA from ascites identifies clinically relevant variants and tumour evolution in patients with advanced ovarian cancer
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Mark Bates, Bashir M. Mohamed, Faye Lewis, Sharon O’Toole, John J. O’Leary
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Zexi Allan, Sasha Witts, Jeanne Tie, Niall Tebbutt, Nicholas J. Clemons, David S. Liu
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Xiaolin Pu, Zongyuan Li, Xiaoying Wang, Hua Jiang
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Bonnita Werner, Kristina Warton, Caroline E. Ford
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Jie Wei Zhu, Parsa Charkhchi, Mohammad R. Akbari
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Whole-Exome Sequencing Reveals Clinical Potential of Circulating Tumor DNA from Peritoneal Fluid and Plasma in Endometrial Cancer
Hye-Yeon Ju, Jung Yoon Ho, Jun Kang, Soo Young Hur, Sejin Kim, Youn Jin Choi, Mi-Ryung Han
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Ann Tivey, Matt Church, Dominic Rothwell, Caroline Dive, Natalie Cook
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Xiaoxiang Jie, Ming Du, Meng Zhang, Xiayu Jin, Qingqing Cai, Congjian Xu, Xiaoyan Zhang
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Xiaosha Wen, Huijie Pu, Quan Liu, Zifen Guo, Dixian Luo
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Epithelial ovarian cancer and the use of circulating tumor DNA: A systematic review
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Cell-free DNA is abundant in ascites and represents a liquid biopsy of ovarian cancer
Bonnita Werner, Nicole Yuwono, Jennifer Duggan, Dongli Liu, Catherine David, Sivatharsny Srirangan, Pamela Provan, Anna DeFazio, Vivek Arora, Rhonda Farrell, Yeh Chen Lee, Kristina Warton, Caroline Ford
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Journal of Ovarian Research.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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Type-Specific Viral Load and Physical State of HPV Type 16, 18, and 58 as Diagnostic Biomarkers for High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions or Cervical Cancer: Jongseung Kim, Bu Kyung Kim, Dongsoo Jeon, Chae Hyeong Lee, Ju-Won Roh, Joo-Young Kim, Sang-Yoon Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(2):396-405. Published online August 28, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.152

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
High rate of false-positive tests is a major obstacle to use human papillomavirus (HPV) detection as a diagnostic tool for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or cervical cancer (HSIL+). We investigated whether type-specific viral load or physical state of HPV 16, 18, and 58 are useful biomarkers for HSIL+.
Materials and Methods
Type-specific viral loads of E6 and E2 genes in cervical cells from 240, 83, and 79 HPV 16–, 18–, and 58–infected women, respectively, were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Viral loads were normalized to cellular DNA (copy/cell). Total and integrated viral loads and physical state were compared between HSIL+ and controls, and diagnostic value was determined using receiver operating characteristic analysis.
Results
Viral loads of HPV 16, 18, and 58 were significantly different in lesions in the same pathologic grade. High type-specific total viral loads were significantly associated with HSIL+ (odds ratio [OR], 14.065, 39.472, and 7.103 for HPV 16, 18, and 58, respectively). High integrated viral load was related to HSIL+ in women with HPV 16 (OR, 8.242), and integrated state was associated with HSIL+ in women with HPV 18 (OR, 9.443). Type-specific total viral load was significantly associated with HSIL+ (area under curve, 0.914, 0.937, and 0.971 for HPV 16, 18, and 58, respectively), indicating an excellent performance in detecting HSIL+.
Conclusion
Type-specific total viral load may be a powerful diagnostic marker for HSIL+ in HPV 16–, 18–, and 58–infected HSIL+ lesions. If demonstrated in all other high-risk HPV types, this method can lead to a paradigm shift in the strategy of equivocal cytologic abnormalities.

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Correlation of different HPV genotype viral loads and cervical lesions: A retrospective analysis of 1585 cases
Yilu Zhou, Jiaxin Liu, Shuai Chen, Xianzhen Xin, Mohan Xiao, Xian Qiang, Lina Zhang
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HPV vaccination status and effectiveness in Korean women with HPV16/18 infection (2010–2021): a retrospective study
Yoo Jin Na, Oeuk Jeong, Jaehyun Seong, JeongGyu Lee, So Young Lee, Sooyoung Hur, Sangmi Ryou
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation of human papillomavirus type 16 viral load and genome physical status in Iranian women with cervical disease
Shadi Setayeshi, Ali Hasanzadeh, Yousef Yahyapour, Ahad Alizadeh, Hossein Ghorbani, Fahimeh Nokhostin, Meghdad Bagheri, Farzin Sadeghi
Molecular Biology Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Biomarkers in the Screening and Management of Cervical Cancer
Pallavi Punhani, Charanjeet Ahluwalia
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Prevalence of Carcinogenic Genotypes of HPV-Infected Women in a Ten-Year Period (2014–2023) in Vojvodina, Serbia
Natasa Nikolic, Branka Basica, Mirjana Strbac, Lidija Terzic, Aleksandra Patic, Gordana Kovacevic, Radmila Velicki, Dusan Petrovic, Aljosa Mandic, Vladimir Petrovic
Medicina.2024; 60(6): 922. CrossRef
Increased human papillomavirus viral load is correlated to higher severity of cervical disease and poorer clinical outcome: A systematic review
Seth‐Frerich Fobian, Xionge Mei, Johannes Crezee, Barbara C. Snoek, Renske D. M. Steenbergen, Jiafen Hu, Timo L. M. ten Hagen, Louis Vermeulen, Lukas J. A. Stalpers, Arlene L. Oei
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The Diagnostic Significance of Combined Screening and Human Papillomavirus 16 and 18 Cycle Threshold Values for CIN2+ Cervical Lesions
Xue Bai, Ya-Kun Liu, Ya-Jing Jia, Dao-Juan Li, Nai-Yi Du
International Journal of Women's Health.2024; Volume 16: 1959. CrossRef
Evaluation of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Genotyping and Viral Load Determination as Diagnostic Biomarkers of Cervical Cancer Risk
Marianna Martinelli, Chiara Giubbi, Laura Saderi, Rosario Musumeci, Federica Perdoni, Biagio Eugenio Leone, Robert Fruscio, Fabio Landoni, Andrea Piana, Giovanni Sotgiu, Clementina Elvezia Cocuzza
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(2): 1320. CrossRef
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Daming Chu, Tengteng Liu, Yuan Yao
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Prevalence and Risk Factors for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Disorders: Baseline Findings From an Human Papillomavirus Cohort Study
Paula Saldaña-Rodríguez, Margarita Bahena-Román, Karina Delgado-Romero, Vicente Madrid-Marina, Kirvis Torres-Poveda
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Jovana Prelić, Aleksandra Knežević
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Yan Sun, Jianqun Xu, Hongya Zhou, Lina You, Yan Zhu, Shoib Baba
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Qing Yang, Hui Du, Xinfeng Qu, Wenkui Dai, Liming Gui, Changzhong Li, Chun Wang, Chunlei Guo, Yi Zhang, Lihui Wei, J. L. Belinson, Ruifang Wu
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EGFR Protein Expression Relates with Tumor Histology, Methylation Status of EGFR and HPV16 E6 Viral Load in Oropharyngeal Carcinoma
Yo Suzuki, Yuki Fukumura, Miki Asahina, Mitsuhisa Fujimaki, Shinichi Ohba, Fumihiko Matsumoto, Isao Kurahayashi, Takashi Yao, Katsuhisa Ikeda
Head and Neck Pathology.2021; 15(3): 743. CrossRef
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Jiasi Wang, Jeannette P. Staheli, Andrew Wu, Jason E. Kreutz, Qiongzheng Hu, Jingang Wang, Thomas Schneider, Bryant S. Fujimoto, Yuling Qin, Gloria S. Yen, Bob Weng, Kara Shibley, Halia Haynes, Rachel L. Winer, Qinghua Feng, Daniel T. Chiu
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Lays Paula Bondi Volpini, Jerusa Araújo Dias, Luciana Bueno de Freitas, Maria Carmen Lopes Ferreira Silva, Angélica Espinosa Miranda, Liliana Cruz Spano
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Ewa Małusecka, Ewa Chmielik, Rafał Suwiński, Monika Giglok, Dariusz Lange, Tomasz Rutkowski, Agnieszka M. Mazurek
Pathology & Oncology Research.2020; 26(4): 2191. CrossRef
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Mariano A Molina, Ludovica Carosi Diatricch, Marina Castany Quintana, Willem JG Melchers, Karolina M Andralojc
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Dummy Run of Quality Assurance Program before Prospective Study of Hippocampus-Sparing Whole-Brain Radiotherapy and Simultaneous Integrated Boost for Multiple Brain Metastases from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Korean Radiation Oncology Group (KROG) 17-06 Study: Eunah Chung, Jae Myoung Noh, Kyu Chan Lee, Jin Hee Kim, Weon Kuu Chung, Yang-Gun Suh, Jung Ae Lee, Ki Ho Seol, Hong Gyun Wu, Yeon Sil Kim, O Kyu Noh, Jae Won Park, Dong Soo Lee, Jihae Lee, Young Suk Kim, Woo-Yoon Park, Min Kyu Kang, Sunmi Jo, Yong Chan Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1001-1010. Published online October 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.415

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Lung Cancer Subcommittee of Korean Radiation Oncology Group (KROG) has recently launched a prospective clinical trial (KROG 17-06) of hippocampus-sparing whole brain radiotherapy (HS-WBRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) in treating multiple brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer. In order to improve trial quality, dummy run studies among the participating institutions were designed. This work reported the results of two-step dummy run procedures of the KROG 17-06 study.
Materials and Methods
Two steps tested hippocampus contouring variability and radiation therapy planning compliance. In the first step, the variation of the hippocampus delineation was investigated for two representative cases using the Dice similarity coefficients. In the second step, the participating institutions were requested to generate a HS-WBRT with SIB treatment plan for another representative case. The compliance of the treatment plans to the planning protocol was evaluated.
Results
In the first step, the median Dice similarity coefficients of the hippocampus contours for two other dummy run cases changed from 0.669 (range, 0.073 to 0.712) to 0.690 (range, 0.522 to 0.750) and from 0.291 (range, 0.219 to 0.522) to 0.412 (range, 0.264 to 0.598) after providing the hippocampus contouring feedback. In the second step, with providing additional plan priority and extended dose constraints to the target volumes and normal structures, we observed the improved compliance of the treatment plans to the planning protocol.
Conclusion
The dummy run studies demonstrated the notable inter-institutional variability in delineating the hippocampus and treatment plan generation, which could be decreased through feedback from the trial center.

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Chloe Brooks, Elizabeth Miles, Peter J Hoskin
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Sehhoon Park, Jae Myoung Noh, Yoon-La Choi, Sang Ah Chi, Kyunga Kim, Hyun Ae Jung, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn, Jong-Mu Sun
European Journal of Cancer.2022; 169: 42. CrossRef
Region-Specific Effects of Fractionated Low-Dose Versus Single-Dose Radiation on Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Neuroinflammation
Zoé Schmal, Claudia E. Rübe
Cancers.2022; 14(22): 5477. CrossRef
Non–coplanar whole brain radiotherapy is an effective modality for parotid sparing
Jaehyeon Park, Jae Won Park, Ji Woon Yea
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2019; 36(1): 36. CrossRef

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Different Patterns of Risk Reducing Decisions in Affected or Unaffected BRCA Pathogenic Variant Carriers: Eun-Gyeong Lee, Hyok Jo Kang, Myong Cheol Lim, Boyoung Park, Soo Jin Park, So-Youn Jung, Seeyoun Lee, Han-Sung Kang, Sang-Yoon Park, Boram Park, Jungnam Joo, Jai Hong Han, Sun-Young Kong, Eun Sook Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(1):280-288. Published online May 4, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.079

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate decision patterns to reduce the risks of BRCArelated breast and gynecologic cancers in carriers of BRCA pathogenic variants. We found a change in risk-reducing (RR) management patterns after December 2012, when the National Health Insurance System (NHIS) of Korea began to pay for BRCA testing and riskreducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) in pathogenic-variant carriers.
Materials and Methods
The study group consisted of 992 patients, including 705 with breast cancer (BC), 23 with ovarian cancer (OC), 10 with both, and 254 relatives of high-risk patients who underwent BRCA testing at the National Cancer Center of Korea from January 2008 to December 2016.We analyzed patterns of and factors in RR management.
Results
Of the 992 patients, 220 (22.2%) were carriers of BRCA pathogenic variants. About 92.3% (203/220) had a family history of BC and/or OC,which significantly differed between BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers (p < 0.001). All 41 male carriers chose surveillance. Of the 179 female carriers, 59 of the 83 carriers (71.1%) with BC and the 39 of 79 unaffected carriers (49.4%) underwent RR management. None of the carriers affected with OC underwent RR management. Of the management types, RRSO had the highest rate (42.5%) of patient choice. The rate of RR surgery was significantly higher after 2013 than before 2013 (46.3% [74/160] vs. 31.6% [6/19], p < 0.001).
Conclusion
RRSO was the preferred management for carriers of BRCA pathogenic variants. The most important factors in treatment choice were NHIS reimbursement and/or the severity of illness.

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Filipa Alpeza, Christine Kim Yan Loo, Qingyuan Zhuang, Mikael Hartman, Serene Si Ning Goh, Jingmei Li
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Akiko Abe, Hidetaka Nomura, Atsushi Fusegi, Mayu Yunokawa, Arisa Ueki, Eri Habano, Hiromi Arakawa, Keika Kaneko, Yuko Minoura, Hitoshi Inari, Takayuki Ueno, Hiroyuki Kanao
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Dabin Kim, Jai Min Ryu, Sang-Ah Han, Zisun Kim, Sung-Won Kim
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Impact of graphical display on the intention to undergo risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy and mastectomy in individuals positive for BRCA pathogenic variant
Yoon-Jung Choi, Younju Park, Boyoung Park, Heejung Chae, So-Youn Jung, Kum Hei Ryu, Myong Cheol Lim, Soo Jin Park, Yoon Jung Chang, Sun-Young Kong
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Yoon Jung Chang, Seungyeon Cho, Jungnam Joo, Kum Hei Ryu, Sangwon Lee, Juhee Cho, Myong Cheol Lim, So-Youn Jung, Jai Hong Han, Eun Sook Lee, Sun-Young Kong
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M.L. Riis
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D. I. Vodolazhsky, A. V. Mayakovskaya, A. V. Kubyshkin, K. A. Aliev, I. I. Fomochkina
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Development and Validation of Ovarian Symptom Index-18 and Neurotoxicity-4 for Korean Patients with Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer: Maria Lee, Yumi Lee, Kidong Kim, Eun Young Park, Myong Cheol Lim, Jung-Sup Kim, Hee Seung Kim, Yong-Beom Kim, Yong-Man Kim, Jungnam Joo, Sang Yoon Park, Chel Hun Choi, Jae-Hoon Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(1):112-118. Published online March 7, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.361

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop Korean versions of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network/Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (NCCN-FACT) Ovarian Symptom Index-18 (NFOSI-18) and FACT/Gynecologic Oncology Group (FACT-GOG) Neurotoxicity 4-item (NTX-4), evaluating their reliability and reproducibility.
Materials and Methods
In converting NFOSI-18 and NTX-4, the following steps were performed: forward translation, backward translation, expert review, pretest of preliminary format, and finalization of Korean versions (K-NFOSI-18 and K-NTX-4). Patients were enrolled from six institutions where each had completed chemotherapy for ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal cancer at least 1 month earlier. In addition to demographics obtained by questionnaire, all subjects were assessed via K-NFOSI-18, K-NTX-4, and a Korean version of the EuroQoL-5 Dimension. Internal structural validity and reliability were evaluated using item internal consistency, item discriminant validity, and Cronbach's α. To evaluate test-retest reliability, K-NFOSI-18 and K-NTX-4 were readministered after 7-21 days, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated.
Results
Of the 250 women enrolled during the 3-month recruitment period, 13 withdrew or did not respond, leaving 237 (94.8%) for the analyses. Mean patient age was 54.3±10.8 years. Re-testing was performed in 190 patients (80.2%). The total K-NFOSI-18 and K-NTX-4 scores were 49 (range, 20 to 72) and 9 (range, 0 to 16), respectively, with high reliability (Cronbach's α=0.84 and 0.89, respectively) and reproducibility (ICC=0.77 and 0.84, respectively) achieved in retesting.
Conclusion
Both NFOSI-18 and NTX-4 were successfully developed in Korean with minimal modification. Each Korean version showed high internal consistency and reproducibility.

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Peripheral Neuropathy Instruments for Individuals with Cancer: A COSMIN-Based Systematic Review of Measurement Properties
Silvia Belloni, Arianna Magon, Chiara Giacon, Francesca Savioni, Gianluca Conte, Rosario Caruso, Cristina Arrigoni
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Assessing the quality of patient-reported outcome measurements for gynecological cancers: a systematic review
Charlotte L Moss, Teresa Guerrero-Urbano, Ingrid White, Benjamin Taylor, Rebecca Kristeleit, Ana Montes, Louis Fox, Katharina Beyer, Monika Sztankay, Maria M Ratti, Elena S Sisca, Alexandra Derevianko, Steven MacLennan, Nicholas Wood, Lisa M Wintner, Miek
Future Oncology.2023; 19(9): 663. CrossRef
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of National Comprehensive Cancer Network/Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Ovarian Symptom Index-18 (NFOSI-18) and Neurotoxicity-4 (NTX-4) for Patients with Advanced Ovarian Cancer
Husnu Tore Yavuzsen, Sukriye Cansu Gulteki̇n, Karya Polat, Murat Keser, Zeynep Gulsum Guc, Merve Keskinkilic, Tugba Yavuzsen, Didem Karadibak, Sourav Panja
European Journal of Cancer Care.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef
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Aline Reinmann, Anne-Violette Bruyneel, Joseph Gligorov, Serge Mesure, Christophe Combescure, Thibaud Koessler, Alexandre Bodmer
BMJ Open.2022; 12(9): e061664. CrossRef

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Effects of Soy Product Intake and Interleukin Genetic Polymorphisms on Early Gastric Cancer Risk in Korea: A Case-Control Study: Sarah Yang, Yoon Park, Jeonghee Lee, Il Ju Choi, Young Woo Kim, Keun Won Ryu, Joohon Sung, Jeongseon Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(4):1044-1056. Published online January 19, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.515

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The current study investigated whether the combined effects of soy intake and genetic polymorphisms of interleukin (IL) genes modify gastric cancer risk.
Materials and Methods
A total of 377 cases and 754 controls of Korean origin were included in the analysis. Soy consumption was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Seven variants of IL10 (rs1800871), IL2 (rs2069763 and rs2069762), IL13 (rs6596090 and rs20541), and IL4R(rs7205663 and rs1805010) were genetically analyzed. To analyze the combined effect of soy intake and genetic polymorphisms, a low-intake group and high-intake group of each type of soy were categorized based on the intake level of the control group. Interactions between soy products and these genetic variants were analyzed by a likelihood ratio test, in which a multiplicative interaction term was added to the logistic regression model.
Results
A higher intake of nonfermented soy products was associated with a reduced cancer risk (odds ratio [OR], 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43 to 0.90), and the reduced risk was only apparent in males (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.71). None of the IL genetic polymorphisms examined were independently associated with gastric cancer risk. Individuals with a minor allele of IL2 rs2069762 and a higher intake of nonfermented soy food had a decreased risk of gastric cancer (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.68) compared to those with a lower intake (p_interaction=0.039).
Conclusion
Based on the genetic characteristics of the studied individuals, the interaction between IL2 rs2069762 and nonfermented soy intake may modify the risk of gastric cancer.

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Polyphenol intake and gastric cancer: A case-control study in the Brazilian Amazon region
Marcela de Araújo Fagundes, Renata Alves Carnauba, Gisele Aparecida Fernandes, Paulo Pimentel de Assumpção, Maria Paula Curado
Cancer Epidemiology.2024; 88: 102518. CrossRef
Oral Microbiota as a Diagnostic Biomarker of Digestive Cancer: A Systematic Review
SK Aziz Ikbal, Surendra Kumar Yadav, Roopanshi Mehrotra, Tasneem Fatima, Anjusha Sharda, Srashti Gupta
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2024; 24(11): 902. CrossRef
The pertinence of gastric cancer and interleukin 10–819 single nucleotide polymorphisms: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Qianqian Mao, Yanwen Liu, Xi Chen, Cheng Jiang Liu
BMC Gastroenterology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Soy Product Consumption and the Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Chenting Wang, Keqing Ding, Xuanzhen Xie, Jinyue Zhou, Pengju Liu, Shuang Wang, Ting Fang, Guozhang Xu, Chunlan Tang, Hang Hong
Nutrients.2024; 16(7): 986. CrossRef
Interaction between dietary potassium intake and TNF-α rs1800629 genetic polymorphism in gastric cancer risk: a case–control study conducted in Korea
Tao Thi Tran, Madhawa Gunathilake, Jeonghee Lee, Il Ju Choi, Young-Il Kim, Jeongseon Kim
British Journal of Nutrition.2023; 130(5): 887. CrossRef
Association between soy products, fruits, vegetables, and dairy products and gastric cancer risk in Helicobacter pylori-infected subjects: a case-control study in Korea
Jung Hyun Kwak, Chang Soo Eun, Dong Soo Han, Yong Sung Kim, Kyu Sang Song, Bo Youl Choi, Hyun Ja Kim
Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(1): 122. CrossRef
Dietary intake and cancer incidence in Korean adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Ji Hyun Kim, Shinyoung Jun, Jeongseon Kim
Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023102. CrossRef
The association of dietary fibre intake and the IL13 rs20541 polymorphism with the risk of gastric cancer: a case-control study in Korea
Tao Thi Tran, Madhawa Gunathilake, Jeonghee Lee, Il Ju Choi, Young-Il Kim, Jeongseon Kim
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2022; 76(7): 1031. CrossRef
Dietary Polyphenol Intake and Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Marcela de Araújo Fagundes, Alex Richard Costa Silva, Gisele Aparecida Fernandes, Maria Paula Curado
Cancers.2022; 14(23): 5878. CrossRef
Sex-dependent associations between MAP3K1 gene polymorphisms and soy products with the gastric cancer risk in Korea: a case-control study
Jung Hyun Kwak, Chang Soo Eun, Dong Soo Han, Yong Sung Kim, Kyu Sang Song, Bo Youl Choi, Hyun Ja Kim
BMC Gastroenterology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Dietary patterns and gastric cancer risk in a Korean population: a case–control study
Ji Hyun Kim, Jeonghee Lee, Il Ju Choi, Young-Il Kim, Jeongseon Kim
European Journal of Nutrition.2021; 60(1): 389. CrossRef
Possible Roles of Interleukin-4 and -13 and Their Receptors in Gastric and Colon Cancer
Xujun Song, Benno Traub, Jingwei Shi, Marko Kornmann
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(2): 727. CrossRef
The association between soy‐based food and soy isoflavone intake and the risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Yameng Wang, Jiaping Guo, Fei Yu, Yongmei Tian, Yongjun Wu, Lingling Cui, Li‐e Liu
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture.2021; 101(13): 5314. CrossRef
The Associations of Dietary Iron Intake and the Transferrin Receptor (TFRC) rs9846149 Polymorphism with the Risk of Gastric Cancer: A Case–Control Study Conducted in Korea
Tao Thi Tran, Madhawa Gunathilake, Jeonghee Lee, Il Ju Choi, Young-Il Kim, Jeongseon Kim
Nutrients.2021; 13(8): 2600. CrossRef
Identification of Dietary Pattern Networks Associated with Gastric Cancer Using Gaussian Graphical Models: A Case-Control Study
Madhawa Gunathilake, Jeonghee Lee, Il Ju Choi, Young-Il Kim, Jeongseon Kim
Cancers.2020; 12(4): 1044. CrossRef
Genome‐wide profiling of normal gastric mucosa identifies Helicobacter pylori‐ and cancer‐associated DNA methylome changes
Hae Dong Woo, Nora Fernandez‐Jimenez, Akram Ghantous, Davide Degli Esposti, Cyrille Cuenin, Vincent Cahais, Il Ju Choi, Young‐Il Kim, Jeongseon Kim, Zdenko Herceg
International Journal of Cancer.2018; 143(3): 597. CrossRef
The association between dietary isoflavones intake and gastric cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies
Jie You, Yafei Sun, Yacong Bo, Yiwei Zhu, Dandan Duan, Han Cui, Quanjun Lu
BMC Public Health.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

9,749 View
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Comparison of Quality of Life and Sexuality between Cervical Cancer Survivors and Healthy Women: Yumi Lee, Myong Cheol Lim, Se Ik Kim, Jungnam Joo, Dong Ock Lee, Sang-Yoon Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(4):1321-1329. Published online February 12, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.425

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to compare quality of life (QoL) and sexual functioning between sexually active cervical cancer survivors and healthy women.
Materials and Methods
In this cross-sectional study, propensity-score-matched cervical cancer survivors (n=104) and healthy women (n=104) were compared. All women had engaged in sexual activity within the previous 3 months, and cervical cancer survivors showed no evidence of disease after primary treatment. QoL and sexual functioning were assessed using three questionnaires; the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), Cervical Cancer Module (EORTC QLQ-CX24), and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).
Results
Significantly higher scores for lymphedema were observed in the cervical cancer survivors group compared with the healthy women group (mean, 20.2 vs. 12.2; p < 0.05). Sexuality, both in terms of sexual activity, sexual enjoyment, and sexual worry (EORTC QLQ-CX24), and in terms of desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain (FSFI) were similar between the groups. When the scale of sexual/vaginal functioning in EORTC QLQ-CX24 was divided into individual questions, cervical cancer survivors reported shorter vaginal length than the control group, but without statistical significance (mean, 80.6 vs. 85.4; p=0.077).
Conclusion
Compared with healthy women, sexuality was not impaired in cervical cancer survivors who showed no evidence of disease after primary treatment and engaging in sexual activity. Further prospective cohort studies are warranted to confirm this finding.

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Sexual quality of life between healthy women and women with gynecological cancer: Results of a hospital‐based case–control study in Türkiye
Ekin Dila Topaloğlu Ören, Selin Kiziltaş
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Quality of life in long-term cervical cancer survivors compared with healthy women and women with benign gynecological disorders
Jorge Cea García, Inmaculada Rodríguez Jiménez, Francisco Márquez Maraver, Laura Ríos-Pena, M. Carmen Rubio Rodríguez
European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology.2024; 297: 78. CrossRef
Pre- and Post-Treatment Quality of Life Among Patients with Advanced Stage Cervical Cancer at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia
Roza Teshome, Irene Yang, Edom Woldetsadik, Eshetu Girma, Melinda Higgins, Jessica Wells
Cancer Management and Research.2024; Volume 16: 311. CrossRef
Female sexual function in long-term cervical cancer survivors compared with healthy women and women affected by benign gynecological disorders
Jorge Cea García, Francisco Márquez Maraver, Inmaculada Rodríguez Jiménez, Laura Ríos-Pena, M. Carmen Rubio Rodríguez
European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology.2024; 299: 43. CrossRef
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Maolin Qian, Lan Wang, Jiajun Xing, Xiao Shan, Juan Wu, Xiaoqin Liu
Psychology, Health & Medicine.2023; 28(2): 494. CrossRef
Trends and future projections of cervical cancer‐related outcomes in Japan: What happens if the HPV vaccine program is not implemented?
Atsuko Sakakibara, Takeo Nakayama, Hiroyuki Uchida, Youichi Odagiri, Yuri Ito, Toshiro Katayama, Yutaka Ueda, Toshihiro Higuchi, Koichi Terakawa, Kunihiko Matsui, Kikuko Miyazaki, Ikuo Konishi
International Journal of Cancer.2023; 152(9): 1863. CrossRef
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Camilla R. Albæk-Jakobsen, Pere Fusté-Brull
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Mingyue Li, Dongyang Wang, Jiaxiang Huang, Shunlian Luan, Qinghua Wang
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Second Primary Cancer after Diagnosis and Treatment of Cervical Cancer: Myong Cheol Lim, Young-Joo Won, Jiwon Lim, Yeon-Joo Kim, Sang Soo Seo, Sokbom Kang, Eun Sook Lee, Jae Hwan Oh, Joo-Young Kim, Sang-Yoon Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):641-649. Published online July 17, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.326

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study was conducted to investigate the incidence and survival outcomes of second primary cancers after the diagnosis of cervical cancer.
Materials and Methods
Data from the Korea Central Cancer Registry between 1993 and 2010 were reviewed and analyzed. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of second primary cancers among women with cervical cancer were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed for cervical cancer patients with or without a second primary cancer.
Results
Among 72,805 women with cervical cancer, 2,678 (3.68%) developed a second primary cancer within a mean follow-up period of 7.34 years. The overall SIR for a second cancer was 1.08 (95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 1.12). The most frequent sites of second primary cancers were the vagina, bone and joints, vulva, anus, bladder, lung and bronchus, corpus uteri, and esophagus. However, the incidence rates of four second primary cancers (breast, rectum, liver, and brain) were decreased. The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates were 78.3% and 72.7% in all women with cervical cancer, and for women with a second primary cancer, these rates were 83.2% and 65.5% from the onset of cervical cancer and 54.9% and 46.7% from the onset of the second primary cancer, respectively.
Conclusion
The incidence rates of second primary cancers were increased in women with cervical cancer compared to the general population, with the exception of four decreasing cancers. The 10-year overall survival rates were decreased in cervical cancer patients with a second primary cancer.

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The Effect of Pentoxifylline on Radiobiological Parameters in the Rat Radiation Myelopathy: Won Dong Kim, Woo Yoon Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2006;38(4):229-233. Published online December 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2006.38.4.229

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Purpose
There is great recent interest in the potential value of using pentoxifylline (3,7-dimethyl-1(5-oxyhexyl)-xanthine, PTX) as an inhibitor of radiation-induced late normal tissue damage. The effects of PTX on the radiobiological parameters (α/β ratio, repair half time T_1/2) of radiation myelopathy were studied in a rat model.
Materials and Methods
Anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats received irradiation to 2 cm of their cervical spines with using a 6MV LINAC (dose rate: 3 Gy/min). Radiation was administered in single, two, four and eight fractions with a fraction interval of 24 h with or without PTX. PTX was added to the rats' distilled drinking water at a concentration of 2 g/L; the water was consumed ad libitum. After tabulation of the ED₅₀ (the estimated dose needed to produce 50% paralysis in a group of irradiated animals), α/β could be estimated from the ratio of the slope to the intercept of the reciprocal-dose plot. Subsequently, the repair half time T_1/2 was obtained from the data of the experimental group that received a pair of 7 Gy fractions on each day, separated by intervals of 4 and 8 h.
Results
The α values calculated for RT alone and RT+ PTX were almost the same. We noticed that the β value for the RT+PTX was lower than that for RT alone. So, the α/β ratio for the RT+PTX was higher. The T_1/2 obtained from monoexponential model was 3.27 and 2.58 h for RT alone and RT+PTX, respectively.
Conclusion
PTX increased the α/β ratio and it decreased the T_1/2 of radiation myelopathy, suggesting that a decreasing fractionation sensitivity occurred. This implies that PTX, which distinctly acts upon the bending region of the high dose, may be expected to protect the spinal cord with a larger fraction size.

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The Combined Effects of Amifostine and Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1beta) on Radiation-induced Gastrointestinal and Hematopoietic Injury: Seong Soon Jang, Woo Yoon Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35(6):528-532. Published online December 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2003.35.6.528

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The pattern of radioprotection by the combined use of low dose amifostine plus IL-1beta was investigated in mice exposed to an acute whole-body radiation dose of 10 Gy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Male ICR mice were divided into the control group, the irradiation-only group, the high dose amifostine (400 mg/kg i.p. 30 min before irradiation) group, and the low dose amifostine (200 mg/kg i.p. 30 min before irradiation) plus IL-1beta (5 microgram/kg i.p. 20 h before irradiation) group. The radioprotective effects were evaluated using TUNEL assay and microcolony survival assay at jejunal crypt, bone marrow cell count and CBC in peripheral blood, and survival analysis up to 30 days following irradiation. RESULTS: The apoptotic index (p=0.987), surviving crypt number (p=0.484), and the number of WBCs (p=0.226), RBCs (p=0.544), and platelets (p=0.157) were not significantly different between the high dose amifostine group and the low dose amifostine plus IL-1beta group, although the bone marrow cell count was higher in the combination group. The irradiation-only group was dead within 15 days. However, the survival rate at 30 days in the high dose amifostine and the low dose amifostine plus IL-1beta pretreatments were 61% and 66%, respectively. Moreover, the differences between the two groups were insignificant for both 10 days (p=0.9461) and 30 days (p=0.8030). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the low dose amifostine plus IL-1beta may be applied as a non-toxic radioprotector, while the high dose amifostine, known as the strongest radioprotector, however, had toxic side effects.

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Concurrent FP (5-fluorouracil, cisplatin) Chemoradiotherapy for Patients with Esophageal Cancer: Min Ok Kim, Eui Sil Hong, Ji Young Chai, Joung Muk Leem, Il Young You, Won Dong Kim, Woo Yoon Park, Seung Taik Kim, Ki Hyeong Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35(4):330-334. Published online August 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2003.35.4.330

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The outcomes of a surgical approach for patients with an esophageal carcinoma remain unsatisfactory despite its high complication rates. We conducted a phase II trial, using combined FP (5-fluorouracil and cisplatin) chemotherapy and concurrent radiotherapy, as a definitive therapy for patients with esophageal cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients with histologically proven esophageal cancer were enrolled onto this study. The treatment consisted of four courses of chemotherapy and six and a half weeks of radiotherapy. The patients received chemotherapy in weeks 1, 5, 12 and 16 (5-fluorouracil 1, 000 mg/m2 on days 1 to 4 and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 1). Radiotherapy was administered at a dose of 59.4 Gy, in five 1.8 Gy fractions a week.
RESULTS
A total of 22 eligible patients entered the study. Of the 19 evaluable patients, a complete response occurred in 7 (37%), and a partial response in 8 (42%). After a median follow-up of 35 months, the overall survival rate was 32% at three years and the median survival was 11 months. Fourteen (64%) received planned dose of radio-therapy and 13 (59%) received more than three courses of chemotherapy. However, there was no difference in three-year survival rates between the patients that received less than three courses of chemotherapy and those that received three or more courses (31% vs. 32%). The major treatment related toxicity was mucositis, which developed in every patient, with grades III or IV in thirteen (59%) patients. During the treatment, the patients lost, on average, 3.8% of their body weight. The mean hospital stay was 23 days, with a total duration of treatment of 74 days.
CONCLUSIONS
Concurrent FP chemoradiotherapy was effective as a definitive therapy for patients with esophageal cancer. The major toxicity was mucositis. Although the treatment was relatively feasible, a randomized trial of reduced courses of chemotherapy is warranted.

Citations

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Anti-cancer Effects of a Novel Quinoline Derivative 83b1 on Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Down-Regulation of COX-2 mRNA and PGE₂
Ivan Ho Yuen Pun, Dessy Chan, Sau Hing Chan, Po Yee Chung, Yuan Yuan Zhou, Simon Law, Alfred King Yin Lam, Chung Hin Chui, Albert Sun Chi Chan, Kim Hung Lam, Johnny Cheuk On Tang
Cancer Research and Treatment.2017; 49(1): 219. CrossRef
Bi-weekly Chemotherapy of Paclitaxel and Cisplatin in Patients with Metastatic or Recurrent Esophageal Cancer
Sang-Hee Cho, Ik-Joo Chung, Sang-Yun Song, Deok-Hwan Yang, Jeong-Rae Byun, Yeo-Kyeoung Kim, Je-Jung Lee, Kook-Joo Na, Hyeoung-Joon Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2005; 20(4): 618. CrossRef

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5-Fluorouracil and Cisplatin (FP) with Concurrent Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer: Hyoung Sam Kim, Ki Seok Kim, Sang Seok Bea, Seok Jin Oh, Ki Hyeong Lee, Won Dong Kim, Woo Yoon Park, Seung Taik Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(4):296-301. Published online August 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.4.296

Abstract PDF

The combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is emerging as the new standard modality for the treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancer, due to the inherent functional and cosmetic sequelae associated with its surgical management. Combination chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin (FP) is one of the most active regimens for the head and neck cancer. Furthermore, both agents are known to act as radiosensitizer. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy, feasibility, and the toxicities of concurrent FP chemotherapy with radiotherapy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients with histologically proven locally advanced head and neck cancer (T3-4 or node positive) were enrolled in the study. Patients received 5-fluorouracil, 1,000 mg/m2/day, continuously for 4 days, and cisplatin, 75 mg/m2, on day 1. This regimen was given every four weeks. The radiotherapy (45 Gy) was started on day 1 of the first cycle, and administered in 25 fractions. Following a three-week interval, the radiotherapy was resumed on day 1 of the third cycle of chemotherapy, and administered in 15 fractions (27 Gy).
RESULTS
Of the 31 eligible patients included, 28 were able to be evaluated for the tumor response. The response rate for the 28 patients was 93% (16 complete responses, 10 partial responses). Disease free survival for the 16 complete responders was 37 months (median, 1 ~41 months), with a median follow-up time of 31 months. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 82%, 69%, and 63%, respectively. Regarding the feasibility of this treatments, only nineteen patients (61%) received the complete courses of scheduled treatments. The median duration of admission for all patients was 39 days. Grade 3 or 4 stomatitis were observed in 25 patients (83%) and appeared as the dose limiting toxicity of this regimen CONCLUSION: Although FP chemotherapy with concurrent radiotherapy is toxic, it is an effective and relatively feasible treatment for locally advanced head and neck cancer. The majority of patients experienced severe stomatitis, which appeared as the dose limiting toxicity of this regimen.

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Chemotherapy of Head and Neck Cancer
Chang Ki Yeo
Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.2014; 57(5): 291. CrossRef

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Case Report

A Case of Well-differentiated Papillary Mesothelioma Developing Malignant Mesothelioma with Seeding Mass on the Trocar Insertion Site of Diagnostic Laparoscopy and Malignant Change: Min Jung Kim, Eul Ju Moon, Yeon Jin Park, Ju Won Roh, Young Suk Park, So Yeon Park, Hee Sung Kim, Jung Suk Sim, Sang Yoon Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2001;33(4):357-361. Published online August 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2001.33.4.357

Abstract PDF

Although well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM) is usually classified as benign, the natural history of this lesion has not been clearly established. We present a case of WDPM in 60-year old woman developing malignant mesothelioma with seeding mass on the trocar insertion site over a period of 2 years. The initial symptom exhibited by the patient was abdominal distension from massive ascitic fluid. With an impression of peritoneal carcinomatosis, we performed a diagnostic laparoscopy. On the laparoscopic finding, a small whitish nodule was found on the liver surface and the pathologic result revealed reactive mesothelial hyperplasia. At exploro-laparotomy, multiple small nodules were found on the omentum and a biopsy revealed well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the peritoneum. The patient underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy and omentectomy of the colon and was followed for 2 years without any further treatment. Subsequently, she presented with abdominal distention with massive ascites and palpable abdominal wall mass at the previous trocar insertion site. Malignant mesothelioma was confirmed histologically via re- exploration. The rare transformation of well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma into a typically malignant diffuse mesothelioma and the unusual seeding on trocar insertion site prompted us to report this case.

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Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma: A 17-year single institution experience with a series of 75 cases
Meng Sun, Lu Zhao, I Weng Lao, Lin Yu, Jian Wang
Annals of Diagnostic Pathology.2019; 38: 43. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Nausea and Vomiting Induced by Conventional Fractionated Radiotherapy on Abdomen: Won Dong Kim, Woo Yoon Park; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(4):757-763.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
A retrospective study was intended to assess the incidence, severity, and risk factors of abdominal radiotherapy induced nausea and vomiting and to evaluate the effect of antiemetic drugs like metoclopramide and ondansetron.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From October 1997 to October 1999, we enrolled 48 patients who received conventional fractionated radiotherapy on abdomen. Patients under 18 years old and who received concomittant chemotherapy were excluded. Evaluation was carried out on the basis of daily check of the intensity of nausea and any episode of vomiting and retching.
RESULTS
Nausea and vomiting occurred in 65% and 25% of patients, respectively. On multivariate analysis, previous experience with chemotherapy was the only significant patients-related risk factor. The irradiated site and field size were also significant in terms of radiotherapy-related risk factors. Nausea and vomiting were markedly diminished in the group given ondansetron.
CONCLUSION
Our study offered useful data on general picture of radiation induced nausea and vomiting in patients given conventional fractionated radiotherapy on abdomen. For the patients with risk factors, prophylactic antiemetic drug prescription may be mandatory to enhance compliance with radiotherapy and ondansetron is more effective than metoclopramide for controlling nausea and vomiting.

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Immunohistochemical Study on Expression of the p53 Protein in Medulloblastoma/PNET: Eun Jung Kim, Sang Soo Park, Young Ho Lee, Ahn Hong Choi, Seo Hee Rha, Soon Yong Lee, Hye Kyoung Yoon, Young Tak Lim, Do Yoon Park, Kang Suek Suh; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(5):867-873.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The present study explores the expression rate of p53 mutation and the correlation between the expression of p53 protein and prognostic factors in medulloblastoma/ PNET (primitive neuroectodermal tumor).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We studied retrospectively 24 patients with medulloblastoma/ PNET, who were admitted in Dong-A University Hospital, Pusan National University Hospital and Inje University Pusan Paik Hospital from 1988 to 1995. Detection of p53 mutations was made by immunohistochemical staining of p53 protein on paraffin- embedded tissues. The correlation between the expression of p53 protein and prognostic factors was evaluated by the Spearman correlation analysis.
RESULTS
p53 protein was expressed in 6 of 24 patients (25%). In 20 patients who could be evaluated for metastasis, 16 patients of M0, 1 patient of M1 and 3 patients of M2 were grouped by M stage, and the expression of p53 was detected in 1 of 16 M0 group (6.3%) and 3 of 3 M2 group (100%). p53 expression was significantly related to the M stage of medulloblastoma/PNET (r=0.73, p<0.001). The detection of p53 was not significantly associated with T stage, cellular differentiation and the relapse rate of medulloblastoma/ PNET.
CONCLUSION
The immunohistochemical detection rate of p53 protein in medulloblastoma/ PNET was 25%. The expression of p53 protein was significantly related to the M stage, with higher expression rate in M2 group of medulloblsatoma/PNET.

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Radiosensitivity in Acquired Cisplatin-Resistant Human Stomach Adenocarcinoma Cells: Woo Yoon Park, Weon Seon Hong; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(4):584-589.

Abstract PDF: No abstract available

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Palliative Radiotherapy for Painful Bone Metastases: Won Dong Kim, Woo Yoon Park; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(2):250-256.

Abstract PDF: No abstract available

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Expression of cellular Oncogenes During the Radiation - induced Leukemogenesis in CBA Mice: Woo Yoon Park, Jeong Sun Seo; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1990;22(3):410-424.

Abstract PDF: To explore whether the development of the specific tumor type in experimental animal model for the study of radiation-induced carcinogenesis is caused by genetic predisposition, such as species or strain, or irradiation method, and also to find out the role of cellular oncogenes in radiation-induced carcinogenesis, an experimental study was made using female CBA mice. After total 450 cGy of whole-body irradiation with 3 fractionations at weekly intervals, histopathologic changes and expression of cellular oncogenes were examined with thymus and bone marrow serially till postirradiation 150 days in 18 female CBA mice. Simultaneously unirradiated 12 mice were studied as a control. The results are as follows. 1) Thymic lymphoma/leukemia did not develop in CBA mice with the fractionated whole-body irradiation which has been known to be an effective method af inducing thymic lymphorna/leukemia in C57BL mice. Increment of blasts in bone marrow, which suggests the development of myeloid leukemia, was observed in 33%(2/6) of irradiated mice elapsed 150 days after irradiation. These findings suggest that the development of the specific tumor type in experimental animal is not related to irradiation method but to genetic predisposition, such as differences in species or strain. 2) The expressian of two cellular oncogenes, c-fps and c-myc, as a parameter of chemical changes were examined at thymus serially till postirradiation 150 days. No abnormal expression of c-fps or c-myc was observed as with the findings of histopathology. 3) In the examination of two cellular oncogenes in bone marrow, there was no change in c-myc, but there was strong expression of c-fps in one of mice elapsed 150days after irradiation. The expression of c-fps at preleukemic state suggests that the chemical changes develop before the appearance of malignancy as a phenotype. This result is very meaningful in that specific oncogenes might play a role in radiation-induced carcinogenesis.

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The Effect of Hydralazine on Hyperthermic Treatment of C3H Mouse Fibrosarcoma: Woo Yoon Park, Sung Whan Ha, Charn Il Park; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1995;27(4):671-680.

Abstract PDF: Hypoxic cells comprise l0~20% of tumor cells and are more sensitive to hyperthermia. By decreasing tumor blood flow artificially and thus increasing the hypoxic fraction in the tumor, the cytotoxic effect of hyperthermia can be increased. Hydralazine is an antihypertensive drug and its main mechanism is relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle of arterioles rather than veins. Administration of hydralazine causes a decrease in vascular resistance and an increase in blood flow in normal tissue, but since the vasculature of tumor is not responsive to such a drug, blood flow in tumors is decreased because of steal phenomenon. Thus the hypoxic fraction in the tumor is increased, and the tumor becomes more sensitive to hyperthermia. Therefore, to evaluate the hydralazine effect on hyperthermia, the tumor growth delay was investigated and the change in the hynoxic fraction of the tumor was estimated using C3H mouse fibrosarcoma(FSaII) with hypoxic fractions af usual range. In 6 mm FSaII tumors grow- ing in the dorsum of the foot, administration af 5 or l0 mg/kg of hydralazine was followed by 43`C, hyperthermia for 60 minutes. Tumor growth times (TGT) to reach a tumor volume of 500 mm(2) were 7.11+-0.84 days and 7.44+- 1.13 days for controls and 10 mg/kg of hydralazine only. TGTs for hyperthermia alone and administration of 5 or 10 mg/kg of hydralazine followed by hyperthermia were 10.34+-2.17 days, 13.38+-1.82 days and 14.47+- 0.67 days, respectively. Elongation of tumor growth delay by administration of 5 or l0 mg/kg of hydralazine in addition to hyperthermia were statistically significant (0.025

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