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Original Article
What Is the Ideal Tumor Regression Grading System in Rectal Cancer Patients after Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy?
Soo Hee Kim, Hee Jin Chang, Dae Yong Kim, Ji Won Park, Ji Yeon Baek, Sun Young Kim, Sung Chan Park, Jae Hwan Oh, Ami Yu, Byung-Ho Nam
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(3):998-1009.   Published online October 22, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.254
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Tumor regression grade (TRG) is predictive of therapeutic response in rectal cancer patients after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by curative resection. However, various TRG systems have been suggested, with subjective categorization, resulting in interobserver variability. This study compared the prognostic validity of four different TRG systems in order to identify the most ideal TRG system. Materials and Methods This study included 933 patients who underwent preoperative CRT and curative resection. Primary tumors alone were graded according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), Dworak, and Ryan TRG systems, and both primary tumors and regional lymph nodes were graded according to a modified Dworak TRG system. The ability of each TRG system to predict recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) was analyzed using chisquare and C statistics.
Results
All four TRG systems were significantly predictive of both RFS and OS (p < 0.001 each), however none was a better predictor of prognosis than ypStage. Among the four TRGs, the mDworak TRG system was a better predictor of RFS and OS than the AJCC, Dworak, and Ryan TRG systems, and both the chi-square and C statistics were higher for the former, although the differences were not statistically significant. The combination of ypStage and the modified Dworak TRG better predicted RFS and OS than ypStage alone. Conclusion The modified Dworak TRG system for evaluation of entire tumors including regional lymph nodes is a better predictor of survival than current TRG systems for evaluation of the primary tumor alone.

Citations

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Case Report
PTEN Methylation Dependent Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma
Sang Hee Lee, Mi Ryung Roh, Beodeul Kang, Kyu Hyun Park, Soo Hee Kim, Sang Eun Lee, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):853-858.   Published online March 18, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.356
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SMM) is an aggressive and rare type of melanoma. Although the classic RAS-RAF-MEK pathway is thought to be the main pathway involved in melanoma pathogenesis, genetic alterations in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase–AKT pathway, including PTEN-regulated signaling, are also thought to contribute. So far, data regarding altered PTEN expression and epigenetic mechanism of PTEN silencing in development of SMM is extremely limited. Herein we report on a case of SMM with liver and bone metastases with an epigenetic alteration of PTEN. Results of mutation analysis for BRAF, NRAS, HRAS, KRAS, PIK3CA, c-Kit, and PTEN were negative; however, methylation of PTEN CpG islands was observed. Our case not only supports PTEN as a major tumor suppressor involved in melanoma tumorigenesis, but also a potential epigenetic mechanism of PTEN silencing in development of SMM.

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  • Mucosal Melanoma: Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Treatment
    Maria Chiara Sergi, Elisabetta Filoni, Giacomo Triggiano, Gerardo Cazzato, Valeria Internò, Camillo Porta, Marco Tucci
    Current Oncology Reports.2023; 25(11): 1247.     CrossRef
  • Mucosal melanomas of different anatomic sites share a common global DNA methylation profile with cutaneous melanoma but show location‐dependent patterns of genetic and epigenetic alterations
    Philipp Jurmeister, Niklas Wrede, Inga Hoffmann, Claudia Vollbrecht, Daniel Heim, Michael Hummel, Peggy Wolkenstein, Ines Koch, Verena Heynol, Wolfgang Daniel Schmitt, Anne Thieme, Daniel Teichmann, Christine Sers, Andreas von Deimling, Julia Cara Thierau
    The Journal of Pathology.2022; 256(1): 61.     CrossRef
  • Actionable Mutation Profile of Sun-Protected Melanomas in South America
    Ricardo Hsieh, Marcello M. S. Nico, Cláudia M. C. Camillo, Kátia K. Oliveira, Dirce M. Carraro, Martin Sangueza, Silvia V. Lourenço
    The American Journal of Dermatopathology.2022; 44(10): 741.     CrossRef
  • Mucosal melanoma: current strategies and future directions
    Shaheer Khan, Richard D. Carvajal
    Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs.2019; 7(10): 427.     CrossRef
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Original Article
Incidence and Survival of Pediatric Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Comparison between Adults and Children
Sun Min Lim, Cheol Joo Yoo, Jung Woo Han, Yong Jin Cho, Soo Hee Kim, Joong Bae Ahn, Sun Young Rha, Sang Joon Shin, Hyun Cheol Chung, Woo Ick Yang, Kyoo-Ho Shin, Jae Kyung Rho, Hyo Song Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(1):9-17.   Published online August 21, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.157
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Pediatric-type sarcomas such as rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), Ewing sarcoma (EWS), primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), and desmoplastic small round-cell tumor (DSRCT) are rare in adults, with limited studies on their prognosis and optimal treatment strategies. We aimed to examine the outcome of children and adult patients with RMS, EWS, PNET, and DSRCT and relevant prognostic factors. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 220 pediatric-type sarcoma patients at a single institution between 1985 and 2011. Comparisons were made in order to examine differences in demographics, disease characteristics, and survival. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards models. Results A total of 220 consecutive patients were identified at our institute. Median age was 15.6 years (range, 0 to 81 years) and there were 108 children (49%) and 112 adult patients (51%). According to histological classification, 106 patients (48.2%) had RMS, 60 (27.3%) had EWS, 50 (22.7%) had PNET, and 4 (1.8%) had DSRCT. With a median follow-up period of 6.6 years, the estimated median overall survival (OS) of all patients was 75 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 27.2 to 122.8 months) and median event-free survival (EFS) for all patients was 11 months (95% CI, 8.8 to 13.2 months). No significant difference in OS and EFS was observed between adults and children. In multivariate analysis, distant metastasis (hazard ratio [HR], 1.617; 95% CI, 1.022 to 2.557; p=0.040) and no debulking surgery (HR, 1.443; 95% CI, 1.104 to 1.812; p=0.012) showed independent association with worse OS. Conclusion Metastatic disease and no surgical treatment are poor prognostic factors for OS among pediatric-type sarcomas for both adults and children.

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    Antonio Juan Ribelles, Pablo Gargallo, Pablo Berlanga, Vanessa Segura, Yania Yáñez, Bárbara Juan, Marta Salom, Margarita Llavador, Jaime Font de Mora, Victoria Castel, Adela Cañete
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    Hee Young Ju
    Clinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology.2019; 26(1): 27.     CrossRef
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    Kyle A. Dyson, Brian D. Stover, Adam Grippin, Hector R. Mendez-Gomez, Joanne Lagmay, Duane A. Mitchell, Elias J. Sayour
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