Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Association between Antipsychotic Drug and Survival in Patients with Lung Cancer Treated with Chemoradiotherapy: A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study: Dong-Yun Kim, In Gyu Hwang, Sun Mi Kim, Dae Ryong Kang, Tae-Hwa Go, Se Hwa Hong, Shin Young Park, Hyunho Lee, Jin Hwa Choi; Received June 12, 2024 Accepted February 5, 2025 Published online February 6, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.554 [Accepted]

Abstract PDF: Purpose
Antipsychotic drugs (APDs) can be used to relieve psychological symptoms in patients with cancer. We investigated the nationwide use of APDs during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for patients with lung cancer and its association with overall survival (OS).
Materials and Methods
The National Health Service database was used in this retrospective cohort study. Patients diagnosed with lung cancer between 2010 and 2020 who received cisplatin-based CCRT were included. The APDs included in the analysis were aripiprazole, quetiapine, olanzapine, risperidone, haloperidol, and chlorpromazine, and the APD prescription details included prescription time, dosage, and duration.
Results
Among the 23,099 patients with lung cancer treated with CCRT, 2,662 (11.5%) took APDs concurrently. Quetiapine (47.3%) and chlorpromazine (36.6%) were the frequently prescribed APDs. In the univariate analysis, patients prescribed APDs during CCRT had a significantly worse OS than those who did not take APDs. The 2-year OS rates for APD (+) and APD (-) patients were 20.4% and 36.4%, respectively (p < 0.001). Multivariable analyses revealed that APD prescription, male, age >80 years, and comorbidities, such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, and depressive disorder, significantly influenced OS. In patients who used APDs during CCRT, APD prescription timing (pre-CCRT vs. during CCRT), dosage (low vs. high) and duration (within 6 months vs. over 6 months) had no significant difference.
Conclusion
Overall, 11.5% of patients with lung cancer used APDs during CCRT. Patients who used APDs during CCRT had poorer survival than those who did not. Further studies are required to elucidate the effects of APDs on patients with cancer.

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Hematologic malignancy

Long-term Clinical Efficacy of Radiotherapy for Patients with Stage I-II Gastric Extranodal Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue: A Retrospective Multi-institutional Study: Jae Uk Jeong, Hyo Chun Lee, Jin Ho Song, Keun Yong Eom, Jin Hee Kim, Yoo Kang Kwak, Woo Chul Kim, Sun Young Lee, Jin Hwa Choi, Kang Kyu Lee, Jong Hoon Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(2):570-579. Published online October 4, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.651

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate long-term treatment outcomes in patients with localized gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma treated with radiotherapy (RT).
Materials and Methods
A total of 229 patients who received RT in 10 tertiary hospitals between 2010 and 2019 were included in this multicenter analysis. Response after RT was based on esophagogastroduodenoscopy after RT. Locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS) and disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated.
Results
After a median follow-up time of 93.2 months, 5-year LRFS, DFS, and OS rates were 92.8%, 90.4%, and 96.1%, respectively. LRFS, DFS, and OS rates at 10 years were 90.3%, 87.7%, and 92.8%, respectively. Of 229 patients, 228 patients (99.6%) achieved complete remission after RT. Five-year LRFS was significantly lower in patients with stage IIE than in those with stage IE (77.4% vs. 94.2%, p=0.047). Patients with age ≥ 60 had significantly lower LRFS than patients with age < 60 (89.3% vs. 95.1%, p=0.003). In the multivariate analysis, old age (≥ 60 years) was a poor prognostic factor for LRFS (hazard ratio, 3.72; confidence interval, 1.38 to 10.03; p=0.009). Grade 2 or higher gastritis was reported in 69 patients (30.1%). Secondary malignancies including gastric adenocarcinoma, malignant lymphoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer were observed in 11 patients (4.8%) after RT.
Conclusion
Patients treated with RT for localized gastric MALT lymphoma showed favorable 10-year outcomes. Radiation therapy is an effective treatment without an increased risk of secondary cancer. The toxicity for RT to the stomach is not high.

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Gastrointestinal cancer

Risk Factors for Distant Metastasis in Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer after Curative Resection (KROG 1814): Younghee Park, Tae Hyun Kim, Kyubo Kim, Jeong Il Yu, Wonguen Jung, Jinsil Seong, Woo Chul Kim, Jin Hwa Choi, Ah Ram Chang, Bae Kwon Jeong, Byoung Hyuck Kim, Tae Gyu Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Hae Jin Park, Hyun Soo Shin, Jung Ho Im, Eui Kyu Chie; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):272-279. Published online July 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.616

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Purpose
Risk factors predicting distant metastasis (DM) in extrahepatic bile duct cancer (EHBDC) patients treated with curative resection were investigated.
Materials and Methods
Medical records of 1,418 EHBDC patients undergoing curative resection between Jan 2000 and Dec 2015 from 14 institutions were reviewed. After resection, 924 patients (67.6%) were surveilled without adjuvant therapy, 297 (21.7%) were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and 148 (10.8%) with CCRT followed by chemotherapy. To exclude the treatment effect from innate confounders, patients not treated with adjuvant therapy were evaluated.
Results
After a median follow-up of 36.7 months (range, 2.7 to 213.2 months), the 5-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rate was 57.7%. On multivariate analysis, perihilar or diffuse tumor (hazard ratio [HR], 1.391; p=0.004), poorly differentiated histology (HR, 2.014; p < 0.001), presence of perineural invasion (HR, 1.768; p < 0.001), positive nodal metastasis (HR, 2.670; p < 0.001) and preoperative carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 ≥ 37 U/mL (HR, 1.353; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with inferior DMFS. The DMFS rates significantly differed according to the number of these risk factors. For validation, patients who underwent adjuvant therapy were evaluated. In patients with ≥ 3 factors, additional chemotherapy after CCRT resulted in a superior DMFS compared with CCRT alone (5-year rate, 47.6% vs. 27.7%; p=0.001), but the benefit of additional chemotherapy was not observed in patients with 0-2 risk factors.
Conclusion
Tumor location, histologic differentiation, perineural invasion, lymph node metastasis, and preoperative CA 19-9 level predicted DM risk in resected EHBDC. These risk factors might help identifying a subset of patients who could benefit from additional chemotherapy after resection.

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Breast cancer

Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy for Node-Negative Breast Cancer of 5 cm or Larger Tumors: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis (KROG 20-03): Kyubo Kim, Jinhong Jung, Haeyoung Kim, Wonguen Jung, Kyung Hwan Shin, Ji Hyun Chang, Su Ssan Kim, Won Park, Jee Suk Chang, Yong Bae Kim, Sung Ja Ahn, Ik Jae Lee, Jong Hoon Lee, Hae Jin Park, Jihye Cha, Juree Kim, Jin Hwa Choi, Taeryool Koo, Jeanny Kwon, Jin Hee Kim, Mi Young Kim, Shin-Hyung Park, Yeon-Joo Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):497-504. Published online August 25, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.933

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
To evaluate the role of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) in patients with node-negative breast cancer of 5cm or larger tumors undergoing mastectomy
Materials and Methods
Medical records of 274 patients from 18 institutions treated with mastectomy between January 2000 and December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Among these, 202 patients underwent PMRT, while 72 did not. Two hundred and forty-one patients (88.0%) received systemic chemotherapy, and 172 (62.8%) received hormonal therapy. Patients receiving PMRT were younger, more likely to have progesterone receptor-positive tumors, and received adjuvant chemotherapy more frequently compared with those without PMRT (p <0.001, 0.018, and <0.001, respectively). Other characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups.
Results
With a median follow-up of 95 months (range, 1-249), there were 9 locoregional recurrences, and 20 distant metastases. The 8-year locoregional recurrence-free survival rates were 98.0% with PMRT and 91.3% without PMRT (p=0.133), and the 8-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 91.8% with PMRT and 73.9% without PMRT (p=0.008). On multivariate analysis incorporating age, histologic grade, lymphovascular invasion, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, and PMRT, the absence of lymphovascular invasion and the receipt of PMRT were associated with improved DFS (p=0.025 and 0.009, respectively).
Conclusion
Locoregional recurrence rate was very low in node-negative breast cancer of 5cm or larger tumors treated with mastectomy regardless of the receipt of PMRT. However, PMRT was significantly associated with improved DFS. Further investigation is needed to confirm these findings.

Citations

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Outcomes with and without postmastectomy radiotherapy for pT3N0‐1M0 breast cancer: An institutional experience
Xinxin Rao, Xuanyi Wang, Kairui Jin, Yilan Yang, Xu Zhao, Zhe Pan, Weiluo Lv, Zhen Zhang, Li Zhang, Xiaoli Yu, Xiaomao Guo
Cancer Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The effect of radiotherapy on patients with pathological stage IIB breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy: A cohort study
Yi-Ying Pan, Tzu-Yu Lai, Cheng-Ying Shiau, Ling-Ming Tseng, I-Chun Lai, Yu-Ming Liu, Pin-I Huang
Journal of the Chinese Medical Association.2024; 87(2): 202. CrossRef
Post-mastectomy radiation therapy after breast reconstruction: from historic dogmas to practical expert agreements based on a large literature review of surgical and radiation therapy considerations
Yazid Belkacemi, Meena S. Moran, Burcu Celet Ozden, Yazan Masannat, Fady Geara, Mohamed Albashir, Nhu Hanh To, Kamel Debbi, Mahmoud El Tamer
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2024; 200: 104421. CrossRef
Impact of the 21-gene recurrence score testing on chemotherapy selection and clinical outcomes in T3N0 luminal breast cancer
Ke Liu, Jia-Yi Li, Guan-Qiao Li, Zhen-Yu He, San-Gang Wu
Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.2024; 24(12): 1283. CrossRef
Post-Mastectomy Radiation Therapy: Applications and Advancements
Jessica L. Thompson, Steven G. Allen, Cecilia Pesavento, Corey W. Speers, Jacqueline S. Jeruss
Current Breast Cancer Reports.2022; 14(3): 75. CrossRef

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The Effect of Hospital Case Volume on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Multi-institutional Retrospective Analysis (KROG-1106): Boram Ha, Kwan Ho Cho, Sung Ho Moon, Chang-Geol Lee, Ki Chang Keum, Yeon-Sil Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Jin Ho Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh, Jae Myoung Noh, Jong Hoon Lee, Sung Hwan Kim, Won Taek Kim, Young-Taek Oh, Min Kyu Kang, Jin Hee Kim, Ji-Yoon Kim, Moon-June Cho, Chul Seoung Kay, Jin Hwa Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(1):12-23. Published online February 5, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.273

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hospital case volume on clinical outcomes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
Materials and Methods
Data on 1,073 patients with cT1-4N0-3M0 NPC were collected from a multi-institutional retrospective database (KROG 11-06). All patients received definitive radiotherapy (RT) either with three-dimensional-conformal RT (3D-CRT) (n=576) or intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) (n=497). The patients were divided into two groups treated at high volume institution (HVI) (n=750) and low volume institution (LVI) (n=323), defined as patient volume ≥ 10 (median, 13; range, 10 to 18) and < 10 patients per year (median, 3; range, 2 to 6), respectively. Endpoints were overall survival (OS) and loco-regional progression-free survival (LRPFS).
Results
At a median follow-up of 56.7 months, the outcomes were significantly better in those treated at HVI than at LVI. For the 614 patients of propensity score-matched cohort, 5-year OS and LRPFS were consistently higher in the HVI group than in the LVI group (OS: 78.4% vs. 62.7%, p < 0.001; LRPFS: 86.2% vs. 65.8%, p < 0.001, respectively). According to RT modality, significant difference in 5-year OS was observed in patients receiving 3D-CRT (78.7% for HVI vs. 58.9% for LVI, p < 0.001) and not in those receiving IMRT (77.3% for HVI vs. 75.5% for LVI, p=0.170).
Conclusion
A significant relationship was observed between HVI and LVI for the clinical outcomes of patients with NPC. However, the difference in outcome becomes insignificant in the IMRT era, probably due to the standardization of practice by education.

Citations

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Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Association Between Radiation Therapy Treatment Volume and Patient Outcomes
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The Influence of Hospital Volume on the Outcomes of Nasopharyngeal, Sinonasal, and Skull-Base Tumors: A Systematic Review of the Literature
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Khodayar Goshtasbi, Brandon M. Lehrich, Jack L. Birkenbeuel, Arash Abiri, Jeremy P. Harris, Edward C. Kuan
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Tzu-Yu Lai, Chiu-Mei Yeh, Yu-Wen Hu, Chia-Jen Liu
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The Prognostic Impact of the Number of Metastatic Lymph Nodes and a New Prognostic Scoring System for Recurrence in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer with High Risk Factors: A Multicenter Cohort Study (KROG 15-04): Jeanny Kwon, Keun-Young Eom, Young Seok Kim, Won Park, Mison Chun, Jihae Lee, Yong Bae Kim, Won Sup Yoon, Jin Hee Kim, Jin Hwa Choi, Sei Kyung Chang, Bae Kwon Jeong, Seok Ho Lee, Jihye Cha; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(3):964-974. Published online October 24, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.346

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
We aimed to assess prognostic value of metastatic pelvic lymph node (mPLN) in early-stage cervical cancer treated with radical surgery followed by postoperative chemoradiotherapy. Also, we sought to define a high-risk group using prognosticators for recurrence.
Materials and Methods
A multicenter retrospective study was conducted using the data from 13 Korean institutions from 2000 to 2010. A total of 249 IB-IIA patients with high-risk factors were included. We evaluated distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in relation to clinicopathologic factors including pNstage, number of mPLN, lymph node (LN)ratio (number of positive LN/number of harvested LN), and log odds of mPLNs (log(number of positive LN+0.5/number of negative LN+0.5)).
Results
In univariate analysis, histology (squamous cell carcinoma [SqCC] vs. others), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), number of mPLNs (≤ 3 vs. > 3), LN ratio (≤ 17% vs. > 17%), and log odds of mPLNs (≤ ‒0.58 vs. > ‒0.58) were significant prognosticators for DMFS and DFS. Resection margin involvement only affected DFS. No significant survival difference was observed between pN0 patients and patients with 1-3 mPLNs. Multivariate analysis revealed that mPLN > 3, LVI, and non-SqCC were unfavorable index for both DMFS (p < 0.001, p=0.020, and p=0.031, respectively) and DFS (p < 0.001, p=0.017, and p=0.001, respectively). A scoring system using these three factors predicts risk of recurrence with relatively high concordance index (DMFS, 0.69; DFS, 0.71).
Conclusion
mPLN > 3 in early-stage cervical cancer affects DMFS and DFS. A scoring system using mPLNs > 3, LVI, and non-SqCC could stratify risk groups of recurrence in surgically resected early-stage cervix cancer with high-risk factors.

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Adjuvant Treatment after Surgery in Stage IIIA Endometrial Adenocarcinoma: Mee Sun Yoon, Seung Jae Huh, Hak Jae Kim, Young Seok Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Joo-Young Kim, Jong-Hoon Lee, Hun Jung Kim, Jihye Cha, Jin Hee Kim, Juree Kim, Won Sup Yoon, Jin Hwa Choi, Mison Chun, Youngmin Choi, Kang Kyoo Lee, Myungsoo Kim, Jae-Uk Jeong, Sei Kyung Chang, Won Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(3):1074-1083. Published online October 29, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.356

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
We evaluated the role of adjuvant therapy in stage IIIA endometrioid adenocarcinoma patients who underwent surgery followed by radiotherapy (RT) alone or chemoradiotherapy (CTRT) according to risk group. Materials and Methods A multicenter retrospective study was conducted including patients with surgical stage IIIA endometrial cancertreated by radical surgery and adjuvant RT or CTRT. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.
Results
Ninety-three patients with stage IIIA disease were identified. Nineteen patients (20.4%) experienced recurrence, mostly distant metastasis (17.2%). Combined CTRT did not affect DFS (74.1% vs. 82.4%, p=0.130) or OS (96.3% vs. 91.9%, p=0.262) in stage IIIA disease compared with RT alone. Patients with age ≥ 60 years, grade G2/3, and lymphovascular space involvement had a significantly worse DFS and those variables were defined as risk factors. The high-risk group showed a significant reduction in 5-year DFS (≥ 2 risk factors) (49.0% vs. 88.0%, p < 0.001) compared with the low-risk group (< 2). Multivariate analysis confirmed that more than one risk factor was the only predictor of worse DFS (hazard ratio, 5.45; 95% confidence interval, 2.12 to 13.98; p < 0.001). Of patients with no risk factors, a subset treated with RT alone showed an excellent 5-year DFS and OS (93.8% and 100%, respectively). Conclusion We identified a low-risk subset of stage IIIA endometrioid adenocarcinoma patients who might be reasonable candidates for adjuvant RT alone. Further randomized studies are needed to determine which subset might benefit from combined CTRT.

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Practice patterns and survival in FIGO 2009 stage 3B endometrial cancer
Jessica Jou, Lindsey Charo, Marianne Hom-Tedla, Katherine Coakley, Pratibha Binder, Cheryl Saenz, Ramez N. Eskander, Michael McHale, Steven Plaxe
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Treatment strategies for endometrial cancer: current practice and perspective
Yeh C. Lee, Stephanie Lheureux, Amit M. Oza
Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology.2017; 29(1): 47. CrossRef

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Chemotherapy in Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients Associated with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: In Gyu Hwang, Jin Hwa Choi, Se Hoon Park, Sung Yong Oh, Hyuk-Chan Kwon, Soon Il Lee, Do Hyoung Lim, Gyeong-Won Lee, Jung Hun Kang; Cancer Res Treat. 2014;46(1):27-32. Published online January 15, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.46.1.27

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
Little is known about the clinical features of advanced gastric cancer (AGC) combined with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The main objective of this study was to determine the clinical outcome of patients with AGC complicated by DIC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a retrospective review of 68 AGC patients diagnosed with DIC at four tertiary medical centers between January 1995 and June 2010.
RESULTS
Sixty eight patients were included. The median age was 55 years (range, 25 to 78 years). Nineteen patients received chemotherapy, whereas 49 patients received only best supportive care (BSC). The median overall survival (OS) of the 68 patients was 16 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 11 to 21 days). Significantly prolonged OS was observed in the chemotherapy group, with a median survival of 61 days compared to 9 days in the BSC group (p<0.001, log-rank test). Age and previous chemotherapy were another significant factors that were associated with OS in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, age (> or =65 vs. <65; hazard ratio [HR], 0.38; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.78; p<0.001), chemotherapy (BSC vs. chemotherapy; HR 0.31; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.63; p<0.001), and previous chemotherapy (yes or no; HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.98; p<0.045) were consistently independent prognostic factors that impacted OS.
CONCLUSION
Our study showed that patients with AGC complicated by DIC had very poor OS, and suggested that chemotherapy might improve OS of these patients.

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Long-term survival of a patient with gastric cancer with bone marrow metastasis receiving S-1 plus oxaliplatin beyond three years: a case report and literature review
Hirotaka Suto, Yumiko Inui, Atsuo Okamura
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Ekaterina Proskuriakova, Vaisny Balamurali, Anuradha Hooda, Paramjeet Khosla
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Ren-Ze Huang, Nuo Chen, Yan Hu, Wan-Ming Hu, Feng-Hua Wang, Dong-Liang Chen
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Santero Marilina, Meade Adriana, Selva Anna, Acosta‐Dighero Roberto, Meza Nicolás, Quintana Maria Jesús, Bracchiglione Javier, Requeijo Carolina, Salazar Josefina, Rodríguez Grijalva Gerardo, Solà Ivan, Urrútia Gerard, Bonfill Cosp Xavier
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Ling Chen, Jing Lin, Yu Chen, Jiami Yu, Xiaojie Wang
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Mayu Kobayashi, Hideo Wada, Shunsuke Fukui, Hiroki Mizutani, Yuhuko Ichikawa, Katsuya Shiraki, Isao Moritani, Hidekazu Inoue, Motomu Shimaoka, Hideto Shimpo
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Felice Vito Vitale, Giuseppe SA Longo-Sorbello, Stefano Rotondo, Francesco Ferrau
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Advanced gastric cancer linitis plastica presented with disseminated intravascular coagulation
Sehem Ghazala, Jawad Bilal, Irbaz Bin Riaz
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Sadayuki Kawai, Yasuhiro Sakamoto, Yoshikazu Takahashi, Sonoko Ichikawa, Makio Gamoh
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Medicine.2015; 94(30): e951. CrossRef

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Outcomes of Third-Line Docetaxel-Based Chemotherapy in Advanced Gastric Cancer Who Failed Previous Oxaliplatin-Based and Irinotecan-Based Chemotherapies: Min Jeong Lee, In Gyu Hwang, Joung-Soon Jang, Jin Hwa Choi, Byeong-Bae Park, Myung Hee Chang, Seung Tae Kim, Se Hoon Park, Myoung Hee Kang, Jung Hun Kang; Cancer Res Treat. 2012;44(4):235-241. Published online December 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2012.44.4.235

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
Little is known about outcomes in the use of third-line chemotherapy in cases of advanced gastric cancer (AGC). The primary aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate outcomes of docetaxel-based chemotherapy in patients with AGC that progressed after both oxaliplatin-based and irinotecan-based regimens.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eligible patients were those with AGC who had previous chemotherapy including fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin as well as fluoropyrimidine and irinotecan and who received subsequent docetaxel-based chemotherapy. Thirty-five patients were retrospectively recruited from 5 medical centers in Korea. Patients received either weekly or 3 weekly with docetaxel +/- cisplatin.
RESULTS
Thirty-one out of 35 patients were evaluated for treatment response. A total of 94 cycles of chemotherapy (median, 2; range, 1 to 7) were administered. The overall response rate was 14.3%, and the disease control rate was 45.7%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 1.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1 to 2.7 months). The median overall survival (OS) was 3.6 months (95% CI, 2.8 to 4.4 months). PFS and OS were significantly prolonged in patients of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, with performance status of 0 or 1 in multivariate analysis (PFS: hazard ratio[HR], 0.411; 95% CI, 0.195 to 0.868; p=0.020 and OS: HR, 0.390; 95% CI, 0.184 to 0.826; p=0.014, respectively). Four of the 35 patients enrolled in the study died due to infection associated with neutropenia.
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that salvage docetaxel-based chemotherapy is a feasible treatment option for AGC patients with good performance status (PS), whereas chemotherapy for patients with poor PS (PS< or =2) should be undertaken with caution for those who previously failed oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-based regimens.

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Apoptosis and Expression of AQP5 and TGF-β in the Irradiated Rat Submandibular Gland: Jin Hwa Choi, Hong-Gyun Wu, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Seung Hee Lee, Eun Kyung Kwon; Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(3):145-154. Published online September 28, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.3.145

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

To evaluate the effect of X-ray irradiation on apoptosis and change of expression of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) in the rat submandibular gland (SMG).

Materials and Methods

SMGs of 120 male Sprague-Dawley rats were irradiated with a single X-ray dose (3, 10, 20, or 30 Gy). At the early and late post-irradiation phase, apoptosis was measured by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method, and expression of AQP5 and TGF-β was determined by immunohistochemical staining.

Results

At the late post-irradiation phase, increased apoptosis was evident and marked decreases of expression of AQP5 expression by acinar cells and TGF-β expression by ductal cells were evident.

Conclusion

Apoptosis after X-ray irradiation develops relatively late in rat SMG. Irradiation reduces AQP5 and TGF-β expression in different SMG cell types.

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Manal R. Abd El-Haleem, Mona G. Amer, Amira E. Fares, Amany Hany Mohamed Kamel
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NH Mohamed, S. Shawkat, MS Moussa, NEB Ahmed
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Hitoshi Uchida, Matthew H. Ingalls, Eri O. Maruyama, Carl J. Johnston, Eric Hernady, Roberta C. Faustoferri, Catherine E. Ovitt
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Claudia D’Agostino, Osama A. Elkashty, Clara Chivasso, Jason Perret, Simon D. Tran, Christine Delporte
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Christine Delporte, Angélic Bryla, Jason Perret
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Y.-B. Li, Sheng-Rong Sun, X.-H. Han
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Effect of Phenylephrine Pretreatment on the Expressions of Aquaporin 5 and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase in Irradiated Submandibular Gland
Lichi Han, Lei Wang, Fuyin Zhang, Ke Jian Liu, Bin Xiang
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