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- Association between Obesity and Melanoma Risk in an Asian Population: A Nationwide Cohort Study
- Hye Yeon Koo, Kyungdo Han, Jihye Park, Jinhyung Jung, Seonghye Kim, Hyeonjin Cho, In Young Cho, Dong Wook Shin
- Cancer Res Treat. 2026;58(2):677-685. Published online June 18, 2025
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2025.169
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Abstract
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Supplementary Material
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ePub - Purpose
Previous studies from mostly Western populations have suggested possible associations between obesity and melanoma risk. This study aimed to investigate associations between obesity status and melanoma using a nationwide cohort of Koreans.
Materials and Methods
A total of 4,441,403 adults who received a national health examination in 2012 were included from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, and followed until December 31, 2022. Obesity status was defined based on the body mass index at the baseline health examination. Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed to evaluate associations between obesity status and incident melanoma, with adjustment for confounders. Stratified analyses were performed by sex and menopausal status (in women).
Results
Overall, melanoma risk increased according to obesity status (p for trend=0.024); adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for melanoma risk were 0.766 (0.438–1.340) in underweight; 1.292 (1.072–1.557) in overweight; 1.202 (1.002–1.442) in obesity; and 1.191 (0.798–1.778) in severe obesity compared to normal weight (reference). In stratified analyses, similar trends to those of the overall study population were observed among men and premenopausal women (p for trend=0.052 in men and 0.036 in premenopausal women). Among premenopausal women, the risk of melanoma increased linearly with obesity status. Meanwhile, among postmenopausal women, melanoma risk showed no significant difference or trend according to obesity status.
Conclusion
Overweight and obesity were associated with increased risk of melanoma in a population-based cohort of Koreans. Obese individuals, especially men and premenopausal women, may require more thorough prevention and screening strategies for melanoma. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Obesity and Cancer: Mechanisms, Epidemiological Evidence, and Potential Risk Reduction
Jung-sun Lim, Seonghye Kim, In Young Cho, Dong Wook Shin
Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome.2026; 35(1): 14. CrossRef - Obesity and melanoma: unraveling the paradoxical survival benefit in immunotherapy
Junjie Yang, Qingqing Hu, Chunyu Xue
Cancer and Metastasis Reviews.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
- Obesity and Cancer: Mechanisms, Epidemiological Evidence, and Potential Risk Reduction
- 2,551 View
- 65 Download
- 2 Web of Science
- 2 Crossref
- General
- Weight Change after Cancer Diagnosis and Risk of Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Nationwide Study
- Hye Yeon Koo, Kyungdo Han, Mi Hee Cho, Wonyoung Jung, Jinhyung Jung, In Young Cho, Dong Wook Shin
- Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(2):339-349. Published online August 29, 2024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.586
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Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
- Purpose
Cancer survivors are at increased risk of diabetes mellitus (DM). Additionally, the prevalence of obesity, which is also a risk factor for DM, is increasing in cancer survivors. We investigated the associations between weight change after cancer diagnosis and DM risk.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Participants who were newly diagnosed with cancer from 2010 to 2016 and received national health screening before and after diagnosis were included and followed until 2019. Weight change status after cancer diagnosis was categorized into four groups: sustained normal weight, obese to normal weight, normal weight to obese, or sustained obese. Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed to examine associations between weight change and DM.
Results
The study population comprised 264,250 cancer survivors. DM risk was highest in sustained obese (adjusted hazard ratios [aHR], 2.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.08 to 2.26), followed by normal weight to obese (aHR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.54 to 1.79), obese to normal weight (aHR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.21 to 1.39), and then sustained normal weight group (reference). In subgroup analyses according to cancer type, most cancers showed the highest risks in sustained obese group.
Conclusion
Obesity at any time point was related to increased DM risk, presenting the highest risk in cancer survivors with sustained obesity. Survivors who changed from obese to normal weight had lower risk than survivors with sustained obesity. Survivors who changed from normal weight to obese showed increased risk compared to those who sustained normal weight. Our finding supports the significance of weight management among cancer survivors. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- New‐onset prediabetes/diabetes worsens overall survival in patients with cancer: A real‐world retrospective cohort study
Maci Winn, Svenja Pauleck, Stephanie Richardson, Richard Viskochil, Prasoona Karra, Howard Colman, Jennifer A. Doherty, Yizhe Xu, Siwen Hu‐Lieskovan, Michelle Litchman, Mary C. Playdon, Sheetal Hardikar
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2026; 28(2): 1247. CrossRef - Risk of Newly Incident Diabetes Mellitus and Treatment Risk Factors in Breast Cancer Survivors: Landmark Analyses of Nationwide Data
Hyeongjin Shim, Bong-seong Kim, Kyungdo Han, Hye Yeon Koo, Seonghye Kim, Dagyeong Lee, In Young Cho, Wonyoung Jung, Dong Wook Shin
Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health.2026; 38(4): 265. CrossRef - Effects of smoking behavior change on diabetes incidence after cancer development: A nationwide cohort study
MI Hee Cho, Jinhyung Jung, Hye Yeon Koo, Wonyoung Jung, Kyungdo Han, In Young Cho, Dong Wook Shin
Diabetes & Metabolism.2025; 51(1): 101604. CrossRef
- New‐onset prediabetes/diabetes worsens overall survival in patients with cancer: A real‐world retrospective cohort study
- 4,544 View
- 159 Download
- 3 Web of Science
- 3 Crossref
- Prevalence and Predictors of Sustained Smoking after a Cancer Diagnosis in Korean Men
- Hye Yeon Koo, Kiheon Lee, Sang Min Park, Jooyoung Chang, Kyuwoong Kim, Seulggie Choi, Mi Hee Cho, Jihye Jun, Sung Min Kim
- Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(1):139-148. Published online June 25, 2019
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.609
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Abstract
PDFPubReaderePub
- Purpose
Although smoking has a significant impact on mortality and morbidity of cancer patients, many patients continue to smoke post-diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate prevalence and predictors of sustained smoking among male cancer survivors.
Materials and Methods
The Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort database was used for this population-based, retrospective study. Study subjects were 15,141 men who were diagnosed with their first incident cancer between 2004 and 2011. Changes in smoking status before and after a cancer diagnosis were investigated. For patients who were current smokers pre-diagnosis, association between post-diagnosis sustained smoking and demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical variables were examined.
Results
Of the 4,657 pre-diagnosis smokers, 2,255 (48%) had quit after cancer diagnosis, while 2,402 (51.6%) continued to smoke. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, younger age at cancer diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21 to 1.55; p < 0.001), low socioeconomic status (aOR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.45; p ≤ 0.001), pre-diagnosis heavy smoking (aOR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.41; p=0.001), diagnosis of non-smoking– related cancer (aOR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.42 to 1.96; p < 0.001), and high serum glucose level (aOR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.46; p=0.019) were associated with sustained smoking after a cancer diagnosis.
Conclusion
Almost half of the male smokers continue to smoke after a cancer diagnosis. Targeted interventions for smoking cessation should be considered for patients with younger age, low socioeconomic status, heavy smoking history, non-smoking–related cancer, and high blood glucose levels. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- A comparative study of health behaviors in adult male cancer survivors and the general male population in Korea: from the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey VII-VIII (2016–2021)
Hyein Jung, Yoonjoo Choi, Byungmi Kim
Supportive Care in Cancer.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Effects of smoking cessation on taste function in heavy smokers undergoing hemiglossectomy for tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Thomas Hummel, Alberto Vito Marcuzzo, Antonino Maniaci, Giacomo Spinato, Luca Raimondo, Luigi Angelo Vaira, Rachele Tulissi, Anna Menini, Franco Trabalzini, Enzo Emanuelli, Vittorio Grill, Jerry Polesel, Fabiola Giudici, Giancarlo Tir
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2025; 282(10): 5315. CrossRef - Smoking behavior changes and risk of cardiovascular diseases after cancer diagnosis: a nationwide cohort study
In Young Cho, Jinhyung Jung, Wonyoung Jung, Mi Hee Cho, Hye Yeon Koo, Kyungdo Han, Dong Wook Shin
Supportive Care in Cancer.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Prevalence of Current Cigarette Smoking by Sociodemographic Characteristics in U.S. Cancer Survivors
Liza M. González Ruiz, Lía I. Mondragón Márquez, Daniela L. Domínguez Bueso, Jason J. Liu
Substance Use & Misuse.2024; 59(4): 486. CrossRef - Healthy lifestyle and cancer survival: A multinational cohort study
Zilong Bian, Rongqi Zhang, Shuai Yuan, Rong Fan, Lijuan Wang, Susanna C. Larsson, Evropi Theodoratou, Yimin Zhu, Shouling Wu, Yuan Ding, Xue Li
International Journal of Cancer.2024; 154(10): 1709. CrossRef - Smoking Cessation Support: A Marathon, Not a Sprint; The Perspectives of Cancer Patients Who Smoke
Patricia Fox, Nancy Bhardwaj, Ailsa Lyons, Vikram Niranjan, Kate Frazer, Shiraz Syed, Amanda McCann, Sinead Brennan, Donal Brennan, Catherine Kelly, Michael Keane, Patricia Fitzpatrick
Seminars in Oncology Nursing.2024; 40(2): 151584. CrossRef - Association Between Cardiovascular Event Type and Smoking Cessation Rates Among Outpatients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Insights From the NCDR PINNACLE Registry
Vittal Hejjaji, Edward F. Ellerbeck, Philip G. Jones, Christina M. Pacheco, Ali O. Malik, Paul S. Chan, John A. Spertus, Suzanne V. Arnold
Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Determinants of persistent smoking among breast cancer survivors
Kathleen Gali, Sita Aryal, Frederike Bokemeyer, Sabine Behrens, Petra Seibold, Nadia Obi, Heiko Becher, Jenny Chang-Claude
Preventive Medicine Reports.2024; 48: 102913. CrossRef - Factors associated with successful smoking cessation in men
with or without cardiovascular disease or cancer: Nationwide
Korean population analysis
Youngmee Kim, Won-Kyung Cho
Tobacco Induced Diseases.2023; 21(February): 1. CrossRef - Mortality risk according to smoking trajectories after cancer
diagnosis among Korean male cancer survivors:
A population-based cohort study
Thi Tra Bui, Minji Han, Ngoc Minh Luu, Thi Phuong Thao Tran, Sun Young Kim, Young Ae Kim, Min Kyung Lim, Jin-Kyoung Oh
Tobacco Induced Diseases.2023; 21(May): 1. CrossRef - Challenges posed by COVID‐19 in cancer patients: A narrative review
Zeinab Mohseni Afshar, Rezvan Hosseinzadeh, Mohammad Barary, Soheil Ebrahimpour, Amirmasoud Alijanpour, Babak Sayad, Dariush Hosseinzadeh, Seyed Rouhollah Miri, Terence T. Sio, Mark J. M. Sullman, Kristin Carson‐Chahhoud, Arefeh Babazadeh
Cancer Medicine.2022; 11(4): 1119. CrossRef - Quitting Smoking At or Around Diagnosis Improves the Overall Survival of Lung Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Saverio Caini, Marco Del Riccio, Virginia Vettori, Vieri Scotti, Chiara Martinoli, Sara Raimondi, Giulio Cammarata, Domenico Palli, Marco Banini, Giovanna Masala, Sara Gandini
Journal of Thoracic Oncology.2022; 17(5): 623. CrossRef - Cessation experiences and quitting perspectives of Jordanian cancer patients who smoke
Feras I. Hawari, Minas A. Abu Alhalawa, Rasha H. Alshrideh, Ahmad M. Al Nawaiseh, Alia Khamis, Yasmeen I. Dodin, Nour A. Obeidat
Cancer Epidemiology.2022; 79: 102207. CrossRef - Changes in cigarette smoking behavior among breast cancer and unaffected women – A prospective study in the MARIE cohort
Kathleen Gali, Frederike Bokemeyer, Sabine Behrens, Annika Möhl, Nadia Obi, Heiko Becher, Jenny Chang-Claude
Cancer Epidemiology.2022; 81: 102282. CrossRef - Supporting Smokers in Difficult Settings: Suggestions for Better Education and Counseling in Cancer Centers in Jordan
Feras I. Hawari, Minas A. Abu Alhalawa, Rasha H. Alshraiedeh, Ahmad M. Al Nawaiseh, Alia Khamis, Yasmeen I. Dodin, Nour A. Obeidat
Current Oncology.2022; 29(12): 9335. CrossRef - Efficacy of an inpatient smoking cessation program at a single regional cancer center
Ha-Young Park, Yu-Ri Choe, In-Jae Oh, Min-Seok Kim, Bo Gun Kho, Hong-Joon Shin, Cheol Kyu Park, Yu-Il Kim, Young-Chul Kim, Hye-Ran Ahn, Sun-Seog Kweon
Medicine.2021; 100(6): e24745. CrossRef - Smoking Cessation in Cancer Survivors
Young Gyu Cho
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2021; 42(4): 258. CrossRef - Impact of Family and Social Network on Tobacco Cessation Amongst Cancer Patients
Melissa Neumann, Neal Murphy, Nagashree Seetharamu
Cancer Control.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
- A comparative study of health behaviors in adult male cancer survivors and the general male population in Korea: from the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey VII-VIII (2016–2021)
- 8,878 View
- 194 Download
- 18 Web of Science
- 18 Crossref
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