Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Prognostic Significance of Immunohistochemical Expression of EGFR and C-erbB-2 Oncoprotein in Curatively Resected Gastric Cancer: Hong Suk Song, Young Rok Do, In Ho Kim, Soo Sang Sohn, Kun Young Kwon; Cancer Res Treat. 2004;36(4):240-245. Published online August 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2004.36.4.240

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of the expression of EGFR and C-erbB-2 gene products by immunohistochemical analysis for curatively resected gastric adenocarcinoma.

Materials and Methods

Between January 1996 and December 2001, 739 patients with curatively resected gastric cancer patients underwent immunohistochemical staining for EGFR and C-erbB-2 proteins, and we retrospectively analyzed their correlation with the clinical outcome.

Results

The overexpressions of EGFR and C-erbB-2 were 25.4% and 26.2%, respectively. The overexpressions of EGFR was associated with the more poorly differentiated tumor (p=0.000) and with neuronal invasion (p=0.03). Overexpression of C-erbB-2 was associated with less vascular invasion (p=0.001). Tumor depth or node metastasis was not related to the overexpression of EGFR or C-erbB-2. The seven-year overall survival and relapse-free survival rates were 87.2% and 75.8%, respectively. Upon multivariate Cox regression analysis, the tumor stage, tumor size and patient age were important prognostic factors for overall survival, and tumor stage was the important factor for relapse-free survival. Overexpressions of EGFR or c-erbB-2 were not significant prognostic factors.

Conclusion

Immunohistochemical staining of EGFR and C-erbB-2 gene products were not independent prognostic factors for predicting the overall survival and the relapse-free survival in curatively resected gastric cancer.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 gene expression positivity determined by silver in situ hybridization/immunohistochemistry methods and associated factors in a cohort of Sri Lankan patients with gastric adenocarcinoma: a prospective study
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Clinical and Translational Oncology.2018; 20(2): 212. CrossRef
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Yu-ying Lei, Jin-yu Huang, Qiong-rui Zhao, Nan Jiang, Hui-mian Xu, Zhen-ning Wang, Hai-qing Li, Shi-bo Zhang, Zhe Sun
World Journal of Surgical Oncology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
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American Journal of Clinical Oncology.2017; 40(6): 543. CrossRef
Clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of human epidermal growth factor receptor in patients with gastric cancer: An updated meta-analysis
Zhiqiao Zhang, Hongfeng Tang, Jixin Lin, Yunzhao Hu, Guanying Luo, Zhaowen Luo, Canchang Cheng, Peng Wang
Oncotarget.2017; 8(10): 17202. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Expression of the Human Epithelial Receptor 2 (HER2) in Gastric Carcinoma
Roberto de Moraes Cordts Filho, Paulo Kassab, Laura Carolina Lopez Claro, Mabel Tatty de Medeiros Fracassi, Patrícia Colombo-Souza, Daniel Kenji Fukuhara, Fábio Rodrigues Thuler, Wilson Rodrigues de Freitas Junior, Elias Jirjoss Ilias, Carlos Alberto Malh
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Ghasem Janbabai, Ziaeddin Oladi, Touraj Farazmandfar, Tarang Taghvaei, Farshad Naghshvar
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Darren Chyi-Hsiang Kong, Kenneth Yee Chew, Eng Tan, Suan Khoo
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Ozkan Kanat, Bert H. O’Neil
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Roberto A. Pazo Cid, Antonio Antón
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2013; 85(3): 350. CrossRef
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Clinical Significance of p53, c-erbB-2, Chromogranin A and PCNA in the Ampullary Carcinoma: Ki Hwan Kim, Sun Whe Kim, Woo Ho Kim, Yong Hyun Park; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2001;33(1):84-91.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To determine the clinical significance of p53, c-erbB-2, chromogranin A (CgA), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in ampullary carcinoma, a retrospective study was performed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The cases of 96 patients who underwent curative resection for ampullary carcinoma during the ten-year period (1986-95) were reviewed. And, using paraffin-embedded tumor tissues, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for p53, c-erbB-2, CgA, and PCNA was performed.
RESULTS
The overall five-year survival rate (5-YSR) for these 96 patients was 58%. With regard to TNM stage, the 5-YSR was 71% for stage I (n=36), 62% for stage II (n=29), and 39% for stage III (n=31), respectively. IHC expression rate was 17.6% for c-erbB-2, 19.2% for CgA, and 42.9% for p53. The relative proportion of labelling index of PCNA (<25%, 25-50%, >50%) was 30.8%, 25.3%, and 44.0%, respectively. The PCNA labelling index showedsignificant correlation with tumor size (p=0.032). The PCNA labelling index, c-erbB-2, CgA and p53 were not correlated to extent of invasion, lymph node metastasis, stage, or histologic type. CgA and c-erbB-2 expression and the PCNA labelling index thus had no prognostic value. With regard to p53, the 5-YSR of p53 negative cases was 68.6%; that of p53 positive cases was 47%, with significant difference (p=0.038).
CONCLUSION
This result suggests that p53 expression is related to poor prognosis of ampullary carcinoma, and that c-erbB-2 and CgA expression, and the PCNA labelling index, are not significant prognostic factors.

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C-erbB-2 Protein Expression and Correlation in Sera and Tumors of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients: Hun Mo Ryoo, Sang Yeop Lee, Kyung Hee Lee, Myung Soo Hyun, Mi Jin Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(6):1100-1108.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
We have examined the expression of c-erbB-2 oncogene in sera and tissues of non-small cell lung cancer patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Serum levels of c-erbB-2 protein were measured by an enzyme im munoassay in 55 patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Sera from patients with surgical therapy were evaluated again after surgery. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in 47 of these tumors.
RESULTS
Elevated levels (> or =45 U/mL, control mean 2SD) were observed in 15% of 55 non-small cell lung cancer patients, as compared with none of control subjects (p<0.05). The incidence of elevated level was higher in the adenocarcinoma than squamous cell carcinoma (22% vs 4%, p<0.01). The serum levels of c-erbB-2 protein decreased significantly after surgical tumor ablation (p<0.01). Tissue overexpression was obtained in 23/47 cases (49%). The incidence of c-erbB-2 overexpression was higher in the adenocarcinoma (73% vs 29%, p<0.005). No relationship was found between c-erbB-2 protein expression in serum and tumor tissue and clinicopathologic feature. Elevated serum c-erbB-2 levels predicted tissue overexpression with sensitivity 30% and specificity 96%. There was relationship between serum level and expression in tumor tissue of c-erbB-2 protein.
CONCLUSION
Serum and tissue levels of c-erbB-2 correlate in patients with non-small cell carcinoma. Serum c-erbB-2 protein may be a useful indicator of tumor burden in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

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Amplification and Overexpression of c-erbB-2 in Gastric Cancer: Si Youl Jun, Ho Young Chung, Seung Cheol Lee, Tae Lin Huh, Wansik Yu; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(3):467-475.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
We compared c-erbB-2 oncogene amplification and oncoprotein expression, trying to identify the biologic and prognostic significance of c-erbB-2 in adendegrees Carcinoma of the stomach.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 43 cases of gastric cancer were analyzed for amplification of c-erbB-2 by differential polymerase chain reaction and for overexpression of gene product by immunohistdegrees Chemistry.
RESULTS
The amplification was detected in 13 cases (30%). Enhanced c-erbB-2 immunoreactivity was observed in 30% (13/43) of tumors. Tumors with gene amplification generally stained strongly (p=0.003). Although the frequency of amplification and overexpression of c-erbB-2 was increased with advanced gastric cancer and with lymph node metastasis, this difference was not statistically significant. c-erbB-2 gene amplification or protein overexpression showed a trend toward a better five year survival rate, but this did not reach a statistical significance.
CONCLUSION
Amplification and/or overexpression of the c-erbB-2 may be of value in clarifying the biologic characteristics of the human gastric cancer. However, more sensitive and more speci fic methods of identifying gene amplification are needed and the standardization of the staining method as well as guidelines for interpreting the staining result are mandatory for this purpose.

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Type of Intestinal Metaplasia in the Surrounding Mucosa of Gastric Carcinoma and Expression of bcl-2, p53 and c-erbB-2 Prtein in Gastric Carcinoma: Seung Che Cho, Kun Young Kwon; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1999;31(5):898-911.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was carried out to clarify significance of types of intestinal metaplasia and roles of bcl-2, p53 and c-erbB-2 protein in the development of gastric carcinoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Total one hundred fifty nine cases of surgically resected stomachs with benign ulcer (n=21), dysplasia (n=18) and gastric carcinoma (n=120) were studied histologically, histochemically and immunohistochemically.
RESULTS
Type III intestinal metaplasia was significantly more common in the carcinoma patients in older age group. Bcl-2 expression was found in 94.4% cases of dysplasia and 75.0% cases of carcinoma. Positivity for bcl-2 protein was significantly higher in intestinal type carcinomas than in diffuse type carcinomas (p=0.000). The expression of p53 protein showed 50.0% cases of dysplasia and 49.2% cases of carcinoma. The expression of p53 protein was significantly correlated with depth of invasion (p=0.000), regional lymph node metastasis (p=0.001), and tumor size (p=0.001). C-erbB-2 protein was only expressed in 15.0% cases of carcinoma. The expression of c-erbB-2 protein was found more often in advanced carcinomas (p=0.001) and carcinomas with regional lymph node metastasis (p=0.003).
CONCLUSION
Type III intestinal metaplasia was associated with age, but not with types of gastric carcinoma. Bcl-2 protein is probably involved in dysplastic lesion of gastric carcinogenic sequence and associated with intestinal type carcinoma, and p53 protein is also involved in dysplasia. p53 protein and c-erbB-2 protein may have a role of tumor invasion and nodal metastasis as poor prognostic factors.

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Prognostic Significance of p53, c-erbB-2, nm23 and Ki-67 Expression in Patients with Advanced Gastric Carcinoma: Sung Hoon Noh, Chang Hak Yoo, Ho Gune Kim, Young Ha Oh, Jin Sik Min; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1999;31(4):699-709.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
We investigated the prognostic impacts of p53, c-erbB-2, nm23 and Ki-67 expression in patients with stage II and IIIA gastric carcinoma who underwent curative (RO) resections.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
261 paraffin-embedded gastric carcinoma tissues (stage II, 121; stage IIIA, 135) were stained with the monoclonal antibodies, p53, c-erbB-2, nm23 and Ki-67 using the labelled streptovidin biotin method. The positivity was determined by two pathologists who were kept blind for the patients outcome.
RESULTS
The overexpression was seen in 51.7% for p53, 11.9% for c-erbB-2, and 70.1% for nm23. The mean Ki-67 labelling index was 25.5+ 16.7. The rates of overexpression between the stage II and stage IIIA were not significantly different in all these molecules. Overexpression of p53 was more likely to be associated with old age and lymph node metastasis. Overexpression of c-erbB-2 was more likely to be associated with Borrmann type I, II and well-differentiated tumor. However, nm23 was more frequently expressed in patients with older age and well-differentiated tumor. In survival analysis, the overexpressions of p53 and Ki-67 were significantly associated with poor prognosis of the patients (p<0.01), but c-erbB-2 and nm23 were not related to the patients outcome. In a multivariate analysis of prognostic factors, only. the lymph node metastasis was an independent prognostic factor.
CONCLUSION
Although the values did not reach statistical significance in a multivariate analysis, the overexpression of p53 and Ki-67 tended to have adverse effects an the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.

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Prognostic Value of PCNA , c-erbB-2 , c-fos in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Yi Hyeong Lee, Joong Bae Ahn, Dong Hwang Shin, Soon Won Hong, Jeong Yeon Shim, Kyung Young Jung, Se Kyu Kim, Joon Chang, Joo Hang Kim, Won Youn Lee, Byung Soo Kim, Sung Kyu Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1999;31(4):678-685.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and growth variables of tumors are important in the assessment of prognosis in lung cancer. The expression of PCNA, c-erbB-2 (HER-2/neu), and c-fos oncoprotein and their prognostic implications in surgically resected patients with non-small cell lung cancer were evaluated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Seventy patients with non-small cell lung cancer were included and PCNA, c-erbB-2 and c-fos overexpression were evaluated by immunohistochemical stain using paraffin-embedded tissue.
RESULTS
The mean proportion of PCNA positive cells was 18.6%, and there was no significant difference according to cell type and stage. The median survival time was significantly shorter in the group with high PCNA expression (>10%) as compared with the group with low PCNA expression (<10%) (37 months vs 16 months). Four (6.3%) of 64 cases demonstrated c-erbB-2 positivity. These were all adenocarcinoma cases. c-fos protein was only rarely overexpressed (1/51).
CONCLUSION
PCNA expression was shown to be a useful prognostic parameter in resected non-small cell lung cancer while c-erbB-2 and c-fos oncoprotein were infrequently expressed.

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The Expression of c-erbB-2 and CD44 Gene in Breast Cancer: Jun Heyoung Heo, Yong Gui Kim, Sung Hyuk Kim, Jai Hak Lee; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(6):1119-1130.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
There are some controversial opinions on the prognostic value of metastasis- associated tumor markers in breast cancer. Out of them, the overexpression of c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene or CD44 gene has been debated on their activities in promoting metastatic potential.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
To detennine the relationship between expression of these genes, and, clinicopathological parameters and disease outcomes including relapse and survival, 48 archival paraffin-embeded breast-cancer tissues were stained using monoclonal antibody against each gene product by immunohistochemical staining method, and the result was analyzed.
RESULTS
The positive expression rates of c-erbB-2 and CD44 genes were 45.8% and 18.8%, respectively. The expression rates of both genes were 14.6% and 50% of cases showed no expression of either gene. Except the statistically significant positive correlation between CD44 and tumor size (P=0.003), the expression of c-erbB-2 or CD44 expression had no significant relationship with tumor size, stage, lymph node status, and disease recurrence (P>0.05). In the positive expression cases for CD44, disesase-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in months were shorter than the negative ones (53+/- 8 vs. 64+/-5 and 67+/-8 vs. 77+/-5 S.E.). And, the c-erbB-2 positive cases had longer OS than the negative ones (78+/- 6 vs. 71+/- 6). The OS of positive co-expression cases with the c-erbB-2 and CD44 was shorter than that of one-gene expression ones (66+/- 6 vs. 75+/-7). Thus the OS result observed in the expression of c-erbB-2 alone was reversed in the co-expression study. Though these results had no statistically significant level (P> 0.05).
CONCLUSION
We suggest a question if there is any interaction or dependency between c-erbB-2 and CD44 expression in view of disease process including OS. Finally, further randomised controlled studies are advisable for the reproducible and significant results.

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Expression of EGF Receptor Family Genes and Proteins in Gastric Cacner ( EGFR , c-erbB-2 , c-erbB-3 , c-erbB-4 ): Hae Wan Lee, Eun Young Choi, Chang Dae Bae, Han Kwang Yang, Woo Ho Kim, Jin Pok Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(5):853-868.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
to evaluate the relationship between the expression of EGF receptor gene family and clinico-pathologic parameters.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We compared adenocarcinoma tissue with normal mucosa obtained from same patients in 60 cases. The amplifications of DNA was examined by slot blot, while the expression of mRNA by ribonuclease protection assay, and that of protein by immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS
Expression of EGFR mRNA was observed in 9 of 59, that of c-erbB-2 mRNA in 8 of 57, that of c-erbB-3 mRNA in 4 of 60, and that of c-erbB-4 mRNA in 13 of 59. The expression of EGFR in expanding type showed a higher tendency than that in infiltrative type. The expression of c-erbB-2 in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma showed a higher tendency than that in well differentiated adenocarcinoma. And expression of c-erbB-2 was correlated with presence of endolymphatic tumor emboli. No significant correlation was observed between expression of EGFR mRNA and that of its protein or amplification of its DNA. Similarly, No clear relationship between c-erbB-2 gene amplification and expression of mRNA or proteins was detected.
CONCLUSION
EGFR, c-erbB-2, c-erbB-3, and c-erbB-4 were expressed in gastric adenocarcinoma in Korea. The presence of EGF receptor gene family by various tumor cells suggested that it may play an important role in adenocarcinoma. Therefore further studies are currently being carried out to clarify the role of these oncogenes in tumor behavior and gastric carcinogenesis.

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The Prognosis and Expression of p53 , c-erbB-2 in Gastric Cancer Patients: Young Don Kim, Jong Inn Lee, Yong Kyu Kim, Nan Mo Moon, Nam Sun Paik, Dong Wook Choi, Dae Yong Hwang, Ja June Jang, Han Kwang Yang; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1994;26(4):534-544.

Abstract PDF: Authors studied the ovcrexpression of p53 and c-erbB-2 in 278 gastric cancer patients who were operated in KCCH from 1985 Jan. to 1987 Jan., by immunohistochemical staining using ar- chival paraffin embedded tissue and the possibility of them as prognostic factors. Overall overexpression rate was 39.2% for p53 and 15.1% for c-erbB-2 respectively. There were no dif- ferences in overexpression rate according to sex, age, Borrmann type, depth of tumor, nodal metastasis, growth pattern, lymphatic or venous invasion, tumor size and distant organ metastasis in both p53 and c-erbB-2. The overexpression rate of c-erbB-2 of well or moderately differentiated type and that of Laurens intestinal type were higher than that of paorly differentiated type and diffuse type. Overall cumulative five year survival rates of positive group for p53 and c-erbB-2 were slightly lower than those of negative group, but the differences of them were not significant. However, cumulative five year survival rate of positive group for c-erbB-2 in intestinal type cancer was lower than that of negative group significantly (0. 035I). So, we suggest that c-erbB-2 overexpression could be a prognostic factor in gastric cancer, especially in intestinal type.

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The Significance of c-erbB-2 Oncoprotein as a Prognostic Factor in Human Breast Cancer: Sung Jun Park, Hwa Bong Doh; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1994;26(5):746-756.

Abstract PDF: Prognostic factors help the clinician by providing information on the likely site of initial recurrence, predicting survival time after dignosis, the clinical course after relapse has occured, and the expected response to medical therapy. In order to investigate the prognostic significance of c-erbB-2 overexpression, sections of for- malin-fixed, paraffin-embeded tissue from 60 primary breast cancers were stained immunohistochemically against the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein.Positive reaction indicative of c- erbB-2 overexpression was observed on tumor cells in 25 (41.1%) samples. The overexpression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein was not correlated with tumor size, lymph node involvement, estrogen and progesteron receptor status, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status, histologic type, menopausal status, but significantly correlated with nuclear grade. Overexpression of c-erbB-2 protein was more common among tumors of poor nuclear grade(grade 1)-16%-than those of good nuclear grade (grade 3)-25%-according to Blacks nuclear grading system. Postoperative clinical survey demonstrated a high tendency of recurrence rate and shorter survival time of patients with positive staining tumors as compared with those with negative staining tumors to overexpression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein. In conclusion, these data suggest that the overexpressian of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein may be valuable for the prediction of biologically high malignant potential and the detection of c- erbB-2 oncoprotein in tumor section may have prognostic value in human breast cancer.

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The Expression of c-erbB-2 Oncoprotein and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ( EGFR ) in Breast Cancer Patients in Korea: Won Park, Nam Sun Paik, Yong Kyu Kim, Nan Mo Moon, Jong Inn Lee, Dong Wook Choi, Dae Yong Hwang, Ja June Jang; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1994;26(6):901-912.

Abstract PDF: Samples of breast carcinoma were collected from 1l7 patients who underwent mastectomy in Korea Cancer Center Hospital from Jan. 1982 to Dec. 1984. We studied expression of the c-erbB- 2 oncoprotein and EGFR with the immunohistochemical technique. We also analyzed to clarify the relationship between expression of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein and/or EGFR and tumor size, node metastasis, stage, histo1ogic grade, TIL, and EIC, and to evaluate the prognostic significance of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein and EGFR in breast cancer. EGFR expression rate was 37.6%(44/ ll7) and EGFR status had positive correlation with histologic grade(p<0.05), But, we did not find any other relationship with other clinicopathological prognostic factors. c-erbB-2 expression rate was 64.1%(71/1 l7). There was no relevance between c-erdB-2 expression and other prognostic factors. Higher histologic grade was poorer survival rate. EGFR positive patients had poorer prognosis than negative patients in stage I and II breast cancer(p<0.05).

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Natural Killer ( NK ) Cell cytotoxicity According to the Expression of c-erbB-2 Protein in Human Gastric Cancer Cells: Byeong Woo Park, Kang Sup Shim, Sung Hoon Noh, Coong Bai Kim, Kyung Shik Lee; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1995;27(1):1-8.

Abstract PDF: Although there is still controversy to the relationship between c-erbB-2 protein expression and prognosis of the gastric carcinoma, there were many reports about the poor prognosis with the expression of c-erbB-2 in gastric carcinoma. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not known. However several possibilities such as acquired resistance to 5-Fluorouracil(5-FU) and resistance to the host immune system were suggested. So we performed this study to evaluate whether c-erbB-2 expression can alter the natural killeriNK) cell cytotoxic activity. Using single cell suspensions from primary gastric cancer tissues and malignant ascites due to stomach cancer, the immunohistochemical reactivity to c-cerB-2 protein was examined and we performed the tests for NK cell cytotoxic activity. The c-erbB-2(+) cancer cells were significantly more resistant to NK cell cytotoxic activity than c-erbB-2( ) cancer cells. However there was no significant difference in the resiatance to NK cell cytotoxic activity according to their immunohistochemical staining intensities. These results suggest that the resistance to the NK cel1 cytotoxicity may be one of the possi- ble mechanisms of the poorer prognosis of the c-erbB-2(+ ) gastric cancers.

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Detection of Soluble c-erbB-2 Oncoproteins in the Serum of Gastric Cnacer patients as a Tumor Marker: Hyung Cheol Chung, Joong Bae Ahn, Joon Oh Park, Jae Yong Cho, Sun Young Rha, Chong In Lee, Hye Ran Lee, Nae Choon Yoo, Joo Hang Kim, Jae Kyung Roh, Sung Hoon Noh, Jin Sik Min, Byung Soo Kim, Ho Yeon; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1995;27(2):175-184.

Abstract PDF: A soluble fragment of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein become detectable in the serum of the breast cancer petients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). To evaluate the clinical sig- nificance of soluble c-erbB-2 in gastric cancer, we measured the serum levels in 45 normal healthy persons and in 86 gastric cancer patients. Fifty-five patients were underwent surgery(47 curative surgery, 8 palliative surgery) and thirty-one patients were inoperable(18 advanced, 8 relapsed, 6 progressed after palliative surgery). The c-erbB-2 serum levels were below 14 U/ml in normal persons. Three of 86(3.5%) sam- ples from gastric cancer patients had elevated serum c-erbB-2 leveL In 55 operated patients, all serum samples were negative for c-erbB-2. Elevated serum levels were predominantly found in patients with initially advanced cancers(3/18: 16.7%). In 22 operated cases, immunohisto- chemical staining showed 36.4% c-erbB-2 positive ratio(8/22) in tissues. Comparing the results from sera and tissues studies, the sensitivity of serum ELISA assay was too low even if the specificity was high. Our data suggest that the soluble c-erbB-2 oncoprotein can be a tumor marker only in advanced stage of gastric cancer. Further studies are warrented to elucidate the discrepancy between the serum and tissue results in oprable early stage gastric cancer.

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Amplification of the c-erbB-2 Prto - Oncogene in Primary Human Gastric Cancers: Chul Won Choi, Jae Hong Seo, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Jun Suk Kim, Young Jae Mok, Jong Suk Kim, Bum Hwan Koo; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1995;27(2):195-202.

Abstract PDF: The c-er6B-2 proto-oncogene has been found to be amplified in many human tumors induding breast, stomach, kidney and lung cancers. In order to evaluate the amplification status of c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene in stomach cancer which is the most common cancer in Korea, fortyfive sets of specimens including tumor tissue and normal stomach tissue(5 cm at least away from primary tumor, histologically normal)were measured by Southern hybridization technique. Ten micrograms of EcoRI-digested DNA was electrophoresed in an 0.8% agarose gel and transferred to a nylon memebrane and hybridized with a c-erbB-2 probe, washed under stringent conditions and autoradiographed against Hyperfilm with intenaifying screens at 70`C, for 3 days. In the results. two of the 45 gastric carcinomas(4.4%) were amplified 2-to-4-fold. Thus, the amplified c-erbB-2 gene may have a role in the evolution of gastric carcinoma, as dose in some carcinoma.

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Expression and Significance of c-erbB-2 in Radically Resected Colorectal Cancer: Hyun Cheol Chung, Sun Young Rha, Joon Oh Park, Seung Hun Song, Jae Yong Cho, Jung Bae Aha, Hye Ran Lee, Chong In Lee, Nae Choon Yoo, Joo Hang Kim, Jae Kyung Roh, Jin Sil Seong, Gwi Eon Kim, Jin Sik M; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1995;27(3):389-403.

Abstract PDF: Overexpression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein has been shown to correlate with poor prognosis and drug-resistance to the conventional chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil in breast and gastric cancers. To evaluate the clinical significance of c-erbB-2 overexpreseion in colorectal cancer, immunohistochemical staining was performed with the paraffin-embedded tiasues of 141 colorectal cancer patients with curative surgery. The follow-up duration ranged from 7 to 61 months(median 30 months). Two-year disease- free and overall survival rate of the total patients were 77%, 91%, respectively. The c-erbB-2 positive rate was 24.8%, Even if patients with c-erbB-2 overexpression showed a tendency of poor prognosis than c-erbB-2 negative patients, T-factor and the TNM stage were independent prognostic factors in multivariate analysis. In subset analysis with c-erbB-2 negative patienta, there were no differences in recurrence rate and 2-year disease-free survival rate between pa- tients with chemotherapy and without chemotherapy(20.0% versus 26.1%)(80.0% versus 82.0%). However, in c-erbB-2 positive patients, those subgroup with chemotherapy showed tendencies toward advantages in relapse rate and 2-year disease-free survival rate than those of subgroup without chemotherapy(21.0% versus 50.0%; p=0.09)(76.0% versus 50.0%: p=0.06). Also, there was a tendency of increased time to relapse in patients with chemotherapy comparing to that of the patients without chemotherapy(7.5 months versus l7.0 months; p = 0.09). In stage III, patients with c-erbB-2 overexpression showed increased 2-year disease-free survival rate with chemotherapy as comparing to that of patients without chemotherapy(81.0% versus 29.0%; p= 0.003). Again, this survival benefit was not found in c-erbB-2 negative stage III patients regard- less of chemotherapy. In conclusion, c-erbB-2 overexyression might be a marker of relative drug resistance to 5-FU which will be converted with the high dose treatment of modulation with leucovorin. A prospective randomized trial is warrented to confirm this suggestion and for the clinical applica- tion of c-erbB-2 overexpression.

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