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Original Articles
Is Colonoscopy Alone Adequate for Surveillance in Stage I Colorectal Cancer?
Seijong Kim, Jung Kyong Shin, Yoonah Park, Jung Wook Huh, Hee Cheol Kim, Seong Hyeon Yun, Woo Yong Lee, Yong Beom Cho
Received June 4, 2024  Accepted October 2, 2024  Published online October 4, 2024  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.526    [Epub ahead of print]
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
While colonoscopy is the standard surveillance tool for stage I colorectal cancer according to National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, its effectiveness in detecting recurrence is debated. This study evaluates recurrence risk factors and patterns in stage I colorectal cancer to inform comprehensive surveillance strategies.
Materials and Methods
A retrospective analysis of 2,248 stage I colorectal cancer patients who underwent radical surgery at Samsung Medical Center (2007-2018) was conducted. Exclusions were based on familial history, prior recurrences, preoperative treatments, and inadequate data. Surveillance included colonoscopy, laboratory tests, and computed tomography (CT) scans.
Results
Stage I colorectal cancer patients showed favorable 5-year disease-free survival (98.3% colon, 94.6% rectum). Among a total of 1,467 colon cancer patients, 26 (1.76%) experienced recurrence. Of the 781 rectal cancer patients, 47 (6.02%) experienced recurrence. Elevated preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen levels and perineural invasion were significant recurrence risk factors in colon cancer, while tumor budding was significant in rectal cancer. Distant metastasis was the main recurrence pattern in colon cancer (92.3%), while rectal cancer showed predominantly local recurrence (50%). Colonoscopy alone detected recurrences in a small fraction of cases (3.7% in colon, 14.9% in rectum).
Conclusion
Although recurrence in stage I colorectal cancer is rare, relying solely on colonoscopy for surveillance may miss distant metastases or locoregional recurrence outside the colorectum. For high-risk patients, we recommend considering regular CT scans alongside colonoscopy. This targeted approach may enable earlier recurrence detection and improve outcomes in this subset while avoiding unnecessary scans for the low-risk majority.
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Pediatric cancer
Stratified Treatment in Pediatric Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: Result of a Prospective Open-Label Multiple-Institution Study
Tingting Chen, Chenggong Zeng, Juan Wang, Feifei Sun, Junting Huang, Jia Zhu, Suying Lu, Ning Liao, Xiaohong Zhang, Zaisheng Chen, Xiuli Yuan, Zhen Yang, Haixia Guo, Liangchun Yang, Chuan Wen, Wenlin Zhang, Yang Li, Xuequn Luo, Zelin Wu, Lihua Yang, Riyang Liu, Mincui Zheng, Xiangling He, Xiaofei Sun, Zijun Zhen
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(4):1252-1261.   Published online May 28, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.104
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The risk stratification of pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has not been standardized. In this study, new risk factors were included to establish a new risk stratification system for ALCL, and its feasibility in clinical practice was explored.
Materials and Methods
On the basis of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Berlin–Frankfurt–Munster 95 (NHL-BFM-95) protocol, patients with minimal disseminated disease (MDD), high-risk tumor site (multiple bone, skin, liver, and lung involvement), and small cell/lymphohistiocytic (SC/LH) pathological subtype were enrolled in risk stratification. Patients were treated with a modified NHL-BFM-95 protocol combined with an anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor or vinblastine (VBL).
Results
A total of 136 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 8.8 years. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival of the entire cohort were 77.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69.0% to 83.9%) and 92.3% (95% CI, 86.1% to 95.8%), respectively. The 3-year EFS rates of low-risk group (R1), intermediate-risk group (R2), and high-risk group (R3) patients were 100%, 89.5% (95% CI, 76.5% to 95.5%), and 67.9% (95% CI, 55.4% to 77.6%), respectively. The prognosis of patients with MDD (+), stage IV cancer, SC/LH lymphoma, and high-risk sites was poor, and the 3-year EFS rates were 45.3% (95% CI, 68.6% to 19.0%), 65.7% (95% CI, 47.6% to 78.9%), 55.7% (95% CI, 26.2% to 77.5%), and 70.7% (95% CI, 48.6% to 84.6%), respectively. At the end of follow-up, one of the five patients who received maintenance therapy with VBL relapsed, and seven patients receiving anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor maintenance therapy did not experience relapse.
Conclusion
This study has confirmed the poor prognostic of MDD (+), high-risk site and SC/LH, but patients with SC/LH lymphoma and MDD (+) at diagnosis still need to receive better treatment (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03971305).
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Lung and Thoracic cancer
Intrathoracic Progression Is Still the Most Dominant Failure Pattern after First-Line Chemo-immunotherapy in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Implications for Thoracic Radiotherapy
Dowook Kim, Hak Jae Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Joo Ho Lee, Suzy Kim, Tae Min Kim, Jin-Soo Kim, Byoung Hyuck Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):430-441.   Published online November 6, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.931
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study aimed to compare the failure patterns before and after the introduction of immunotherapy and to determine the role of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) treatment.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 294 patients with ES-SCLC, of which 62.2% underwent chemotherapy alone, 13.3% underwent chemotherapy followed by consolidative TRT (TRT group), and 24.5% underwent chemotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI group). We performed propensity-score matching (PSM) to compare each treatment group.
Results
The median follow-up duration was 10.4 months. At the first relapse, in the cohort showing objective response, the proportion of cases showing intrathoracic progression was significantly lower in the TRT group (37.8%) than in the chemotherapy-alone (77.2%, p < 0.001) and the ICI (60.3%, p=0.03) groups. Furthermore, in the subgroup analysis, TRT showed benefits related to intrathoracic progression-free survival (PFS) in comparison with ICI in patients with less than two involved extrathoracic sites (p=0.008) or without liver metastasis (p=0.02) or pleural metastasis (p=0.005) at diagnosis. After PSM, the TRT group showed significantly better intrathoracic PFS than both chemotherapy-alone and ICI groups (p < 0.001 and p=0.04, respectively), but showed no significant benefit in terms of PFS and overall survival in comparison with the ICI group (p=0.17 and p=0.31, respectively).
Conclusion
In ES-SCLC, intrathoracic progression was the most dominant failure pattern after immunotherapy. In the era of chemoimmunotherapy, consolidative TRT can still be considered a useful treatment strategy for locoregional control.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Radiotherapy(R) Integration(I) Strategy for Small(S)-Cell Lung Cancer in Extensive(E) Stage (RISE) with up to 10 metastases- a study protocol of a randomized phase II trial
    Łukasz Kuncman, Jacek Fijuth, Damian Tworek, Ewa Sierko, Paweł Cisek, Michał Masłowski, Maja Lisik-Habib, Magdalena Orzechowska, Katarzyna Galwas-Kliber, Adam Antczak, Izabela Chmielewska, Barbara Ziółkowska, Marta Kurczewska-Michalak, Wojciech Kuźnicki,
    BMC Cancer.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical outcomes and synergistic effect between radiotherapy and immunotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a real-world study
    Meiling Sun, Huaijun Ji, Fang Deng, Jingyi Li, Ning Xu, Yu Li
    BMC Cancer.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 3,596 View
  • 183 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
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Clinical Impact of Genomic and Pathway Alterations in Stage I EGFR-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma
Jae Seok Lee, Eun Kyung Kim, Kyung A Kim, Hyo Sup Shim
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):104-114.   Published online July 24, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.728
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
We investigated the clinical impact of genomic and pathway alterations in stage I epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–mutant lung adenocarcinomas, which have a high recurrence rate despite complete surgical resection.
Materials and Methods
Out of the initial cohort of 257 patients with completely resected stage I EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma, tumor samples from 105 patients were subjected to analysis using large-panel next-generation sequencing. We analyzed 11 canonical oncogenic pathways and determined the number of pathway alterations (NPA). Survival analyses were performed based on co-occurring alterations and NPA in three patient groups: all patients, patients with International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) pathology grade 2, and patients with recurrent tumors treated with EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI).
Results
In the univariate analysis, pathological stage, IASLC grade, TP53 mutation, NPA, phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway, p53 pathway, and cell cycle pathway exhibited significant associations with worse recurrence-free survival (RFS). Moreover, RPS6KB1 or EGFR amplifications were linked to a poorer RFS. Multivariate analysis revealed that pathologic stage, IASLC grade, and cell cycle pathway alteration were independent poor prognostic factors for RFS (p=0.002, p < 0.001, and p=0.006, respectively). In the grade 2 subgroup, higher NPA was independently associated with worse RFS (p=0.003). Additionally, in patients with recurrence treated with EGFR-TKIs, co-occurring TP53 mutations were linked to shorter progression-free survival (p=0.025).
Conclusion
Genomic and pathway alterations, particularly cell cycle alterations, high NPA, and TP53 mutations, were associated with worse clinical outcomes in stage I EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. These findings may have implications for risk stratification and the development of new therapeutic strategies in early-stage EGFR-mutant lung cancer patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Stage-specific efficacy of osimertinib in treatment-naïve EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer according to baseline genetic alterations in circulating tumor DNA
    Yoshihiko Taniguchi, Akihiro Tamiya, Mitsuo Osuga, Shun-ichi Isa, Keiichi Nakamura, Yasuyuki Mizumori, Tsutomu Shinohara, Hidetoshi Yanai, Katsumi Nakatomi, Masahide Oki, Masahide Mori, Tomohito Kuwako, Koji Yamazaki, Masahiro Shimada, Masahiko Ando, Yasu
    Investigational New Drugs.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 3,130 View
  • 202 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
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Breast cancer
Impact of Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy on Breast Cancer Patients According to Pathologic Nodal Status after Modern Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Dowook Kim, Jin Ho Kim, In Ah Kim, Ji Hyun Chang, Kyung Hwan Shin
Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):592-602.   Published online October 11, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.998
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The utility of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) for breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is highly controversial. This study evaluated the impact of PMRT according to pathologic nodal status after modern NAC.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 682 patients with clinical stage II-III breast cancer who underwent NAC and mastectomy from 2013 to 2017. In total, 596 patients (87.4%) received PMRT, and 86 (12.6%) did not. We investigated the relationships among locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS), disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and various prognostic factors. Subgroup analyses were also performed to identify patients who may benefit from PMRT.
Results
The median follow-up duration was 67 months. In ypN+ patients (n=368, 51.2%), PMRT showed significant benefits in terms of LRRFS, DFS, and OS (all p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, histologic grade (HG) III (p=0.002), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (p=0.045), and ypN2-3 (p=0.02) were significant risk factors for poor LRRFS. In ypN1 patients with more than two prognostic factors among luminal/human epidermal growth factor receptor-2–negative subtype, HG I-II, and absence of LVI, PMRT had no significant effect on LRRFS (p=0.18). In ypN0 patients (n=351, 48.8%), PMRT was not significantly associated with LRRFS, DFS, or OS. However, PMRT showed better LRRFS in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients (p=0.03).
Conclusion
PMRT had a major impact on treatment outcomes in patients with residual lymph nodes following NAC and mastectomy. Among ypN0 patients, PMRT may be beneficial only for those with TNBC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Analysis of Individualized Silicone Rubber Bolus Using Fan Beam Computed Tomography in Postmastectomy Radiotherapy: A Dosimetric Evaluation and Skin Acute Radiation Dermatitis Survey
    Xue-mei Chen, Chen-di Xu, Li-ping Zeng, Xiao-tong Huang, Ao-qiang Chen, Lu Liu, Liu-wen Lin, Le-cheng Jia, Hua Li, Xiao-bo Jiang
    Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Does Post-Mastectomy Radiotherapy Confer Survival Benefits on Patients With 1-3 Clinically Positive Lymph Nodes Rendered Pathologically Negative After Neoadjuvant Systemic Chemotherapy: Consensus from A Pooled Analysis?
    Munaser Alamoodi
    European Journal of Breast Health.2024; 20(2): 81.     CrossRef
  • Oncological outcomes of stage I–II breast cancer treatment after subcutaneous/skin-sparing mastectomies with reconstruction
    E. A. Rasskazova, A. D. Zikiryakhodzhaev
    MD-Onco.2024; 4(3): 37.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of mat pilates on fatigue in women with breast cancer submitted to adjuvant radiotherapy: randomized controlled clinical trial
    Daniele Medeiros Torres, Kelly de Menezes Fireman, Erica Alves Nogueira Fabro, Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler, Rosalina Jorge Koifman, Anke Bergmann, Sabrina da Silva Santos
    Supportive Care in Cancer.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Role of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer Patients Who Become Clinically Node-Negative Following Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Literature Review
    Giulia Ferrarazzo, Alberto Nieri, Emma Firpo, Andrea Rattaro, Alessandro Mignone, Flavio Guasone, Augusto Manzara, Giuseppe Perniciaro, Stefano Spinaci
    Current Oncology.2023; 30(10): 8703.     CrossRef
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Lung and Thoracic cancer
Predictive Value of Interstitial Lung Abnormalities for Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Elderly Patients with Early-stage Lung Cancer
Won Gi Jeong, Yun-Hyeon Kim, Jong Eun Lee, In-Jae Oh, Sang Yun Song, Kum Ju Chae, Hye Mi Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):744-752.   Published online September 28, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.772
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
Identifying pretreatment interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) is important because of their predictive value for complications after lung cancer treatment. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of ILAs for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in elderly patients undergoing curative resection for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Materials and Methods
Elderly patients (age ≥ 70 years) who underwent curative resection for pathologic stage I or II NSCLC with normal preoperative spirometry results (pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity [FVC] ratio > 0.70 and FVC ≥ 80% of the predicted value) between January 2012 and December 2019 were retrospectively identified. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were performed to assess risk factors for PPCs. The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used to analyze the relationship between ILAs and postoperative mortality. One-way analysis of variance was performed to assess the correlation between ILAs and hospital stay duration.
Results
A total of 262 patients (median age, 73 [interquartile range, 71–76] years; 132 male) were evaluated. A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that, among several relevant risk factors, fibrotic ILAs independently predicted both overall PPCs (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 4.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35–17.38; p=0.016) and major PPCs (adjusted OR, 8.72; 95% CI, 1.71–44.38; p=0.009). Fibrotic ILAs were significantly associated with higher postoperative mortality and longer hospital stay (F=5.21, p=0.006).
Conclusion
Pretreatment fibrotic ILAs are associated with PPCs, higher postoperative mortality, and longer hospital stay.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Pretreatment Interstitial Lung Abnormalities Detected on Abdominal Computed Tomography Scans in Prostate Cancer Patients
    Hyun Jin Kim, Won Gi Jeong, Jeong Yeop Lee, Hyo-Jae Lee, Byung Chan Lee, Hyo Soon Lim, Yun-Hyeon Kim
    Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography.2024; 48(3): 406.     CrossRef
  • Interstitial Lung Abnormalities
    Noriaki Wada, Gary M. Hunninghake, Hiroto Hatabu
    Clinics in Chest Medicine.2024; 45(2): 433.     CrossRef
  • Incidence and risk factors of pulmonary complications after lung cancer surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Ting Deng, Jiamei Song, Jinmei Tuo, Yu Wang, Jin Li, Lorna Kwai Ping Suen, Yan Liang, Junliang Ma, Shaolin Chen
    Heliyon.2024; 10(12): e32821.     CrossRef
  • Survival impact of fibrotic interstitial lung abnormalities in resected stage IA non-small cell lung cancer
    Won Gi Jeong, Yun-Hyeon Kim
    The British Journal of Radiology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Radiologic Progression of Interstitial Lung Abnormalities following Surgical Resection in Patients with Lung Cancer
    Yoon Joo Shin, Jeong Geun Yi, Mi Young Kim, Donghee Son, Su Yeon Ahn
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(21): 6858.     CrossRef
  • Mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclophosphamide plus in patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease: Efficacy and safety analysis
    Pengfei Wang, Li Zhang, Qian Guo, Lifen Zhao, Yanyan Hao
    Open Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical implication of interstitial lung abnormality in elderly patients with early‐stage non‐small cell lung cancer
    Seong Woo Cho, Won Gi Jeong, Jong Eun Lee, In‐Jae Oh, Sang Yun Song, Hye Mi Park, Hyo‐Jae Lee, Yun‐Hyeon Kim
    Thoracic Cancer.2022; 13(7): 977.     CrossRef
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  • 8 Web of Science
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Hematologic malignancy
Predictive Factors of Event-Free Survival at 24 Months in Patients with Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma: A Retrospective Study
Yu Ri Kim, Soo-Jeong Kim, Hye Sun Lee, Soyoung Jeon, Hyunsoo Cho, Haerim Chung, Ji Eun Jang, June-Won Cheong, Yoo Hong Min, Jin Seok Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):613-620.   Published online August 5, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.270
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Event-free survival at 24 months (EFS24) is known to be a surrogate marker for overall survival (OS) for patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). We examined the role of EFS24 in PTCL compared to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and then assessed the clinical predictive factors of achieving EFS24.
Materials and Methods
Patients with newly diagnosed PTCL treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy were included. Subsequent OS was defined as the time elapsed from 24 months after diagnosis until death from any cause in those who achieved EFS24.
Results
Overall, 153 patients were evaluated, and 51 patients (33.3%) achieved EFS24. Patients who achieved EFS24 showed superior OS compared to patients who did not (p < 0.001). EFS24 could stratify the subsequent OS although it did not reach to that of the general population. After matching the PTCL group to the DLBCL group based on the international prognostic index, the subsequent OS in patients who achieved EFS24 was similar between the two groups (p=0.094). Advanced stage was a significant factor to predict the failing EFS24 by multivariable analysis (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Patients with PTCL who achieve EFS24 could have a favorable subsequent OS. Since advanced disease stage is a predictor of EFS24 failure, future efforts should focus on developing novel therapeutic strategies for PTCL patients presenting with advanced disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Clinical significance and predictive risk factors for event-free survival at 24 months in patients with PTCL, NOS
    Zheng Cao, Xiaojun Wang, Xuemin Xue, Xiaoli Feng
    Annals of Hematology.2024; 103(3): 869.     CrossRef
  • Validity of event-free survival as a surrogate endpoint in haematological malignancy: Review of the literature and health technology assessments
    Sarit Assouline, Adriana Wiesinger, Clare Spooner, Jelena Jovanović, Max Schlueter
    Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2022; 175: 103711.     CrossRef
  • 6,001 View
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Breast cancer
Effect of Postoperative Radiotherapy after Primary Tumor Resection in De Novo Stage IV Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (KROG 19-02)
Yeon Joo Kim, Yeon-Joo Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Ik Jae Lee, Jeanny Kwon, Kyubo Kim, Jihye Cha, Myungsoo Kim, In Young Jo, Jung Hoon Kim, Jaehyeon Park, Jin Hee Kim, Juree Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin, Su Ssan Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):478-487.   Published online July 12, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.632
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the impact of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in de novo metastatic breast cancer (dnMBC) patients undergoing planned primary tumor resection (PTR) and to identify the subgroup of patients who would most benefit from PORT.
Materials and Methods
This study enrolled 426 patients with dnMBC administered PTR alone or with PORT. The primary and secondary outcomes were overall and progression-free survival (OS and PFS), respectively.
Results
The median follow-up time was 53.7 months (range, 3.1 to 194.4). The 5-year OS and PFS rates were 73.2% and 32.0%, respectively. For OS, clinical T3/4 category, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), postoperative chemotherapy alone were significantly poor prognostic factors, and administration of PORT failed to show its significance. Regarding PFS, PORT was a favorable prognostic factor (hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.50 to 0.82; p < 0.001), in addition to T1/2 category, ≤ 5 metastases, and non-TNBC. According to the multivariate analyses of OS in the PORT group, we divided the patients into three groups (group 1, T1/2 and non-TNBC [n=193]; group 2, T3/4 and non-TNBC [n=171]; and group 3, TNBC [n=49]), and evaluated the effect of PORT. Although PORT had no significance for OS in all subgroups, it was a significant factor for good prognosis regarding PFS in groups 1 and 2, not in group 3.
Conclusion
PORT was associated with a significantly better PFS in patients with dnMBC who underwent PTR. Patients with clinical T1/2 category and non-TNBC benefited most from PORT, while those with TNBC showed little benefit.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Letter to the editor for the article“Tumor margin irregularity degree is an important preoperative predictor of adverse pathology for clinical T1/2 renal cell carcinoma and the construction of predictive model”
    Yaping Miao, Lexin Wang, Ping Chen, Jiaan Lu, Guanhu Yang, Hao Chi
    World Journal of Urology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The prognostic differences and the effect of postmastectomy radiotherapy between post‐chemotherapy ypT1‐2ypN1 and de novo pT1‐2N1 breast cancer
    Tian Yang, Xiaorong Zhong, Jun Wang, Zhongzheng Xiang, Yuanyuan Zeng, Siting Yu, Zelei Dai, Ningyue Xu, Ting Luo, Lei Liu
    Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(7): 8112.     CrossRef
  • Impact of high dose radiotherapy for breast tumor in locoregionally uncontrolled stage IV breast cancer: a need for a risk-stratified approach
    Nalee Kim, Haeyoung Kim, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Tae Gyu Kim, Young-Hyuck Im, Jin Seok Ahn, Yeon Hee Park, Ji-Yeon Kim
    Radiation Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Machine learning predicts the prognosis of breast cancer patients with initial bone metastases
    Chaofan Li, Mengjie Liu, Jia Li, Weiwei Wang, Cong Feng, Yifan Cai, Fei Wu, Xixi Zhao, Chong Du, Yinbin Zhang, Yusheng Wang, Shuqun Zhang, Jingkun Qu
    Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing Prognosis in Patients with De Novo Stage IV Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Meilin Zhang, Zining Jin, Yingying Xu, Bo Chen, Jian Song, Muyao Li, Feng Jin, Ang Zheng
    SSRN Electronic Journal .2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 7,352 View
  • 171 Download
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Head and Neck cancer
Long-term Survivals, Toxicities and the Role of Chemotherapy in Early-Stage Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Treated with Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy: A Retrospective Study with 15-Year Follow-up
Lin Wang, Jingjing Miao, Huageng Huang, Boyu Chen, Xiao Xiao, Manyi Zhu, Yingshan Liang, Weiwei Xiao, Shaomin Huang, Yinglin Peng, Xiaowu Deng, Xing Lv, Weixiong Xia, Yanqun Xiang, Xiang Guo, Fei Han, Chong Zhao
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):118-129.   Published online June 7, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.101
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study was aimed to investigate long-term survivals and toxicities of early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in endemic area, evaluating the role of chemotherapy in stage II patients.
Materials and Methods
Totally 187 patients with newly diagnosed NPC and restaged American Joint Committee on Cancer/ International Union Against Cancer 8th T1-2N0-1M0 were retrospectively recruited. All received intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)±chemotherapy (CT) from 2001 to 2010.
Results
With 15.7-year median follow-up, 10-year locoregional recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS) were 93.3%, 93.5%, 92.9% and 88.2%, respectively. Multivariable analyses showed cervical lymph nodes positive and pre-treatment prognostic nutritional index ≥ 52.0 could independently predict DMFS (p=0.036 and p=0.011), DSS (p=0.014 and p=0.026), and OS (p=0.002 and p < 0.001); Charlson comorbidity index < 3 points could predict DSS (p=0.011); age > 45 years (p=0.002) and pre-treatment lactate dehydrogenase ≥ 240 U/L (p < 0.001) predicted OS. No grade 4 late toxicity happened; grade 3 late toxicities included subcutaneous fibrosis (4.3%), deafness or otitis (4.8%), skin dystrophy (2.1%), and xerostomia (1.1%). No differences on survivals were shown between IMRT+CT vs. IMRT alone in stage II patients, even in T2N1M0 (p > 0.05). Unsurprising, patients in IMRT+CT had more acute gastrointestinal reaction, myelosuppression, mucositis, late ear toxicity, and cranial nerve injury (all p < 0.05) than IMRT alone group.
Conclusion
Superior tumor control and satisfying long-term outcomes could be achieved with IMRT in early-stage NPC with mild late toxicities. As CT would bring more toxicities, it should be carefully performed to stage II patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Retrospective analysis of 1539 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cases: chemotherapy should not be excluded for non-Asian patients with T1-2N1M0 stage
    Xin-Yu Li, Chang-Ying Zhong, Hui-Xian Xu
    Frontiers in Oncology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Genistein and chlorin E6-loaded versatile nanoformulation for remodeling the hypoxia-related tumor microenvironment and boosting photodynamic therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma treatment
    Qiang Zhou, Quazi T. H. Shubhra, Peng Lai, Jiayi Shi, Chenhao Fang, Qian Guo, Wanqing Li, Rui Chen, Xinkun Shen, Lina Huang, Xiaojun Cai, Sen Lin
    Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Radiation oncology for the rhinologist
    Helena Levyn, Fan Yang, Nancy Y. Lee
    Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery.2024; 32(1): 5.     CrossRef
  • Examining patient-reported late toxicity and its association with quality of life and unmet need for symptom management among nasopharyngeal cancer survivors: a cross-sectional survey
    Victor C. W. Tam, Jerry C. F. Ching, Sindy S. T. Yip, Virginia H. Y. Kwong, Catherine P. L. Chan, Kenneth C. W. Wong, Shara W. Y. Lee
    Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Multifactorial clinical analysis of factors affecting necrosis of nasal septal mucosal flap after salvage surgery for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma
    Qilin Gong, Huaying Li, Hui Liu, Youyuan Shi
    Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Gastrointestinal cancer
Evaluation of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th Edition Staging System for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in 1,008 Patients with Curative Resection
Sujin Park, Sangjoon Choi, Yoon Ah Cho, Dong Hyun Sinn, Jong Man Kim, Cheol-Keun Park, Sang Yun Ha
Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(4):1145-1152.   Published online April 28, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.208
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
Recently, the 8th edition staging system of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was released, including a change in T category. We aimed to validate the new AJCC system.
Materials and Methods
The predictive value of the new AJCC was validated in comparison to the previous edition, in a total 1,008 patients who underwent curative resection for HCC as initial treatment.
Results
The 2-year area under the curve values for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were comparable in the 7th and 8th editions. Stage migration was observed in 63 patients (6.3%); from T2 to T1a for 44 patients and from T3 to T4 for 19 patients. The RFS and OS were not different between T1a and T1b in the 8th edition. For solitary tumors ≤ 2 cm, those with microvascular invasion had lower RFS and OS values than those without although they were all classified as T1a in the 8th edition. Tumors involving a major branch of the portal or hepatic vein (T4 by the 8th edition and T3b by the 7th edition) had shorter RFS and OS than multifocal tumors, at least one of which was > 5 cm (T3 by the 8th edition and T3a by the 7th edition).
Conclusion
The AJCC 8th edition staging system for HCC showed comparable predictive performance to the 7th edition. It is desirable in a future revision to consider sub-stratification of solitary tumors ≤ 2 cm (T1a) depending on the presence of vascular invasion, which is not included in the 8th edition.

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Prognostic Predictability of American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th Staging System for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma: Limited Improvement Compared with the 7th Staging System
Jong Woo Lee, Jae Hoon Lee, Yejong Park, Woohyung Lee, Jaewoo Kwon, Ki Byung Song, Dae Wook Hwang, Song Cheol Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(3):886-895.   Published online March 12, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.023
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic values of the 7th and 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging systems for patients with resected perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCC).
Materials and Methods
A total of 348 patients who underwent major hepatectomy for PHCC between 2008 and 2015 were identified from a single center. Overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared across stage groups with the log-rank test. The concordance index was used to evaluate the prognostic predictability of the 8th AJCC staging system compared with that of the 7th.
Results
In the 8th edition, the stratification of each group of T classification improved compared to that in the 7th, as the survival rate of T4 decreased (T2, 31.2%; T3, 13.9%; T4, 15.1%; T1- T2, p=0.260; T2-T3, p=0.001; T3-T4, p=0.996). Both editions showed significant survival differences between each N category, except between N1 and N2 (p=0.063) in 7th edition. Differences of point estimates between the 8th and 7th T and N classification and overall stages were +0.028, +0.006, and +0.039, respectively (T, p=0.005; N, p=0.115; overall stage, p=0.005). In multivariable analysis, posthepatectomy liver failure, T category, N category, distant metastasis, histologic differentiation, intraoperative transfusion, and resection margin status were associated with OS.
Conclusion
The prognostic predictability of 8th AJCC staging for PHCC improved slightly, with statistical significance, compared to the 7th edition, but its overall performance is still unsatisfactory.

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    Hasan Ahmad Al-Saffar, Nicolai Schultz, Peter Nørrgaard Larsen, Eva Fallentin, Gro Linno Willemoe, Diana Elena Renteria Ramirez, Lucas Alexander Knøfler, Hans-Christian Pommergaard
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Validation of the 8th Edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging System for Gallbladder Cancer and Implications for the Follow-up of Patients without Node Dissection
You-Na Sung, Minjeong Song, Jae Hoon Lee, Ki Byung Song, Dae Wook Hwang, Chul-Soo Ahn, Shin Hwang, Seung-Mo Hong
Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(2):455-468.   Published online October 17, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.271
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The 8th edition of gallbladder cancer staging in the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system changed the T and N categories.
Materials and Methods
In order to validate the new staging system, a total of 348 surgically resected gallbladder cancers were grouped based on the 8th edition of the T and N categories and compared with patients’ survival.
Results
Significant differences were noted between T1b-T2a (p=0.003) and T2b-T3 (p < 0.001) tumors, but not between Tis-T1a, T1a-T1b, and T2a-T2b tumors. However, significant survival differences were observed both by the overall and pair-wise (T1-T2, T2-T3) comparisons (all, p < 0.001) without dividing T1/T2 subcategories. When cases with ≥ 6 examined lymph nodes were evaluated, significant survival differences were observed among the entire comparison (p < 0.001) and pair-wise comparisons of N0-N1 (p=0.001) and N1-N2 (p=0.039) lesions. When cases without nodal dissection (NX) were additionally compared, significant survival differences were observed between patients with N0-NX (p=0.001) and NX-N1 (p < 0.001) lesions.
Conclusion
The T category in the 8th edition of the AJCC staging system did not completely stratify the prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer. Modification by eliminating T subcategories can better stratify the prognosis. In contrast, the N category clearly determines patients’ survival with ≥ 6 examined lymph nodes. The survival time in patients of gallbladder cancers without nodal dissection is between N0 and N1 cases. Therefore, close postoperative followed up is recommended for those patients.

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Loss of LKB1 Protein Expression Correlates with Increased Risk of Recurrence and Death in Patients with Resected, Stage II or III Colon Cancer
Maria Sfakianaki, Chara Papadaki, Maria Tzardi, Maria Trypaki, Sardar Alam, Eleni D. Lagoudaki, Ippokratis Messaritakis, Odysseas Zoras, Dimitris Mavroudis, Vassilis Georgoulias, John Souglakos
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1518-1526.   Published online March 20, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.008
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of liver kinase b1 (LKB1) loss in patients with operable colon cancer (CC).
Materials and Methods
Two hundred sixty-two specimens from consecutive patients with stage III or high-risk stage II CC, who underwent surgical resection with curative intent and received adjuvant chemotherapy with fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin, were analyzed for LKB1 protein expression loss, by immunohistochemistry as well as for KRAS exon 2 and BRAFV600E mutations by Sanger sequencing and TS, ERCC1, MYC, and NEDD9 mRNA expression by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
Results
LKB1 expression loss was observed in 117 patients (44.7%) patients and correlated with right-sided located primaries (p=0.032), and pericolic lymph nodes involvement (p=0.003), BRAFV600E mutations (p=0.024), and TS mRNA expression (p=0.041). Patients with LKB1 expression loss experienced significantly lower disease-free survival (DFS) (hazard ratio [HR], 1.287; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.093 to 1.654; p=0.021) and overall survival (OS) (HR, 1.541; 95% CI, 1.197 to 1.932; p=0.002), compared to patients with LKB1 expressing expressing tumors. Multivariate analysis revealed LKB1 expression loss as independent prognostic factor for both decreased DFS (HR, 1.217; 95% CI, 1.074 to 1.812; p=0.034) and decreased OS (HR, 1.467; 95% CI, 1.226 to 2.122; p=0.019).
Conclusion
Loss of tumoral LKB1 protein expression, constitutes an adverse prognostic factor in patients with operable CC.

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    Yuemei Feng, JiZhuo Yang, Yihan Wang, Xue Wang, Qian Ma, Yalin Li, Xuehui Zhang, Songmei Wang, Qiao Zhang, Fei Mi, Yanjiao Wang, Dubo Zhong, Jianzhong Yin
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EGFR Mutation Is Associated with Short Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Stage III Non-squamous Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
Song Ee Park, Jae Myoung Noh, You Jin Kim, Han Sang Lee, Jang Ho Cho, Sung Won Lim, Yong Chan Ahn, Hongryull Pyo, Yoon-La Choi, Joungho Han, Jong-Mu Sun, Se Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Myung-Ju Ahn
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(2):493-501.   Published online June 18, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.125
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and clinical outcomes in patients with stage III non-squamous cell lung cancer treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).
Materials and Methods
From January 2008 to December 2013, the medical records of 197 patients with stage III non- squamous non-small cell lung cancer treated with definitive CCRT were analyzed to determine progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) according to EGFR mutation status.
Results
Among 197 eligible patients, 81 patients were EGFR wild type, 36 patients had an EGFR mutation (exon 19 Del, n=18; L858R, n=9, uncommon [G719X, L868, T790M], n=9), and 80 patients had unknown EGFR status. The median age was 59 years (range, 28 to 80 years) and 136 patients (69.0%) were male. The median follow-up duration was 66.5 months (range, 1.9 to 114.5 months). One hundred sixty-four patients (83.2%) experienced disease progression. Median PFS was 8.9 months for the EGFR mutation group, 11.8 months for EGFR wild type, and 10.5 months for the unknown EGFR group (p=0.013 and p=0.042, respectively). The most common site of metastasis in the EGFR mutant group was the brain. However, there was no significant difference in OS among the three groups (34.6 months for EGFR mutant group vs. 31.9 months for EGFR wild type vs. 22.6 months for EGFR unknown group; p=0.792 and p=0.284). A total of 29 patients (80.6%) with EGFR mutation were treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (gefitinib, n=24; erlotinib, n=3; afatinib, n=2) upon progression.
Conclusion
EGFR mutation is associatedwith short PFS and the brain is the most common site of distant metastasis in patients with stage III non- squamous cell lung cancer treated with CCRT.

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S-1 Based Doublet as an Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Curatively Resected Stage III Gastric Cancer: Results from the Randomized Phase III POST Trial
Choong-kun Lee, Minkyu Jung, Hyo Song Kim, Inkyung Jung, Dong Bok Shin, Seok Yun Kang, Dae Young Zang, Ki Hyang Kim, Moon Hee Lee, Bong-Seog Kim, Kyung Hee Lee, Jae-Ho Cheong, Woo Jin Hyung, Sung Hoon Noh, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(1):1-11.   Published online February 5, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.028
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
We conducted a randomized, multicenter, phase III trial to compare S-1 plus docetaxel (DS) with S-1 plus cisplatin (SP) as adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III gastric cancer patients.
Materials and Methods
Stage III gastric cancer patients who had received curative gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy were randomized into equal groups to receive adjuvant chemotherapy of eight cycles of DS (S-1 70 mg/m2 /day on days 1-14 plus docetaxel 35 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8) every 3 weeks or SP (S-1 70 mg/m2 /day on days 1-14 plus cisplatin 60 mg/m2 on day 1) every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate.
Results
Between November 2010 and July 2013, 153 patients (75 patients to DS and 78 patients to SP) were enrolled from 8 institutions in Korea. After the capecitabine plus oxaliplatin was approved based on the CLASSIC study, itwas decided to close the study early. With a median follow-up duration of 56.9 months, the 3-year DFS rate between two groups was not significantly different (49.14% in DS group vs. 52.5% in SP group). The most common grade 3-4 adverse event was neutropenia (42.7% in DS and 38.5% in SP, p=0.351). SP group had more grade 3-4 anemia (1.3% vs. 11.5%, p=0.037), whereas grade 3-4 hand-foot syndrome (4.1% vs. 0%, p=0.025) and mucositis (10.7% vs. 2.6%, p=0.001) were more common in DS group. Fifty-one patients (68%) in DS group and 52 (66.7%) in SP group finished planned treatment.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that SP or DS is an effective and tolerable option for patients with curatively resected stage III gastric cancer.

Citations

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    Tom van den Ende, Emil ter Veer, Rosa M. A. Mali, Mark I. van Berge Henegouwen, Maarten C. C. M. Hulshof, Martijn G. H. van Oijen, Hanneke W. M. van Laarhoven
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Sub-classification of Advanced-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Cohort Study Including 612 Patients Treated with Sorafenib
Jeong-Ju Yoo, Goh Eun Chung, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Joon Yeul Nam, Young Chang, Jeong Min Lee, Dong Ho Lee, Hwi Young Kim, Eun Ju Cho, Su Jong Yu, Yoon Jun Kim, Jung-Hwan Yoon, Seoul Liver Group
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(2):366-373.   Published online May 15, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.126
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with various clinical conditions including major vessel invasion, metastasis, and poor performance status. The aim of this study was to establish a prognostic scoring system and to propose a sub-classification of the Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study included consecutive patientswho received sorafenib for BCLC stage C HCC at a single tertiary hospital in Korea. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to develop a scoring system, and internal validationwas performed by a 5-fold cross-validation. The performance of the model in predicting risk was assessed by the area under the curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.
Results
A total of 612 BCLC stage C HCC patients were sub- classified into strata depending on their performance status. Five independent prognostic factors (Child-Pugh score, α-fetoprotein, tumor type, extrahepatic metastasis, and portal vein invasion) were identified and used in the prognostic scoring system. This scoring system showed good discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.734 to 0.818) and calibration functions (both p < 0.05 by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test at 1 month and 12 months, respectively). The differences in survival among the different risk groups classified by the total score were significant (p < 0.001 by the log-rank test in both the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 0 and 1 strata).
Conclusion
The heterogeneity of patientswith BCLC stage C HCC requires sub-classification of advanced HCC. A prognostic scoring system with five independent factors is useful in predicting the survival of patients with BCLC stage C HCC.

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Effect of Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Complete Resection for Pathologic Stage IB Lung Adenocarcinoma in High-Risk Patients as Defined by a New Recurrence Risk Scoring Model
Hyo Joon Jang, Sukki Cho, Kwhanmien Kim, Sanghoon Jheon, Hee Chul Yang, Dong Kwan Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(4):898-905.   Published online January 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.312
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
We conducted a retrospective analysis to determine if adjuvant chemotherapy prolongs overall survival in patients with pathologic stage IB lung adenocarcinoma who had undergone complete resection and were defined as high-risk by a newly developed recurrence risk scoring model.
Materials and Methods
Patientswho underwent curative resection for stage IB lung adenocarcinomawere analyzed with a newly developed recurrence risk scoring model and divided into a low-risk group and a high-risk group. The patients in the high-risk group were retrospectively divided into two groups based on whether they underwent adjuvant chemotherapy or observation. Recurrence-free survival and overall survival were compared between these two groups.
Results
A total of 328 patients who underwent curative resection between 2000 and 2009 were included in this study, of whom 110 (34%) received adjuvant chemotherapy and 218 (67%) underwent observation without additional treatment. According to our risk model, 167 patients (51%) were high-risk and 161 (49%) were low-risk. The 5-year recurrence-free survival rates and overall survival were 84.4% and 91.5% in low-risk patients and 53.9% and 74.7% in high-risk patients (p < 0.001). In high-risk patients, the 5-year overall survival rates were 77% among patients who underwent observation and 87% among those who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy (p=0.019).
Conclusion
Adjuvant chemotherapy prolonged overall survival among high-risk patients who had undergone complete resection for stage IB lung adenocarcinoma.

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  • Influence of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival for patients with completely resected high-risk stage IB NSCLC
    Zi-Qing Shen, Kun-Peng Feng, Zi-Yao Fang, Tian Xia, Shu Pan, Cheng Ding, Chun Xu, Sheng Ju, Jun Chen, Chang Li, Jun Zhao
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  • Surgically Treated pT2aN0M0 (Stage IB) Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A 20-Year Single-Center Retrospective Study
    Monica Casiraghi, Francesco Petrella, Claudia Bardoni, Shehab Mohamed, Giulia Sedda, Juliana Guarize, Antonio Passaro, Filippo De Marinis, Patrick Maisonneuve, Lorenzo Spaggiari
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(5): 2081.     CrossRef
  • A Novel Nomogram for Identifying Candidates for Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Stage IB Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
    Xue Song, Yangyang Xie, Haoran Deng, Fei Yu, Shiqiang Wang, Yafang Lou
    Cancer Control.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Adjuvant chemotherapy may improve long-term outcomes in stage IB non-small cell lung cancer patients with previous malignancies: A propensity score-matched analysis
    Ke Zhou, Yaqin Zhao, Linchuan Liang, Jie Cao, Huahang Lin, Zhiyu Peng, Jiandong Mei
    Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Population-Based Study on the Prognostic factors and Efficacy of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in the Postoperative Stage for Patients with Stage IIA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
    Wei Wang, Fei Teng, Shi Bu, Wei Xu, Qing-Chun Cai, Yue-Quan Jiang, Zhi-Qiang Wang
    Risk Management and Healthcare Policy.2022; Volume 15: 1581.     CrossRef
  • Personalized Prescription of Chemotherapy Based on Assessment of mRNA Expression of BRCA1, RRM1, ERCC1, TOP1, TOP2α, TUBβ3, TYMS, and GSTP1 Genes in Tumors Compared to Standard Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
    Matvey M. Tsyganov, Evgeny O. Rodionov, Marina K. Ibragimova, Sergey V. Miller, Olga V. Cheremisina, Irina G. Frolova, Sergey A. Tuzikov, Nikolai V. Litviakov
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  • Survival Nomogram for Stage IB Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients, Based on the SEER Database and an External Validation Cohort
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    Khashchuluun Batmunkh, Sukki Cho, Sungwon Yum, Kwhanmien Kim, Sanghoon Jheon
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  • Effects of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival of patients with stage IB non-small cell lung cancer with visceral pleural invasion
    Jun Xie, Xian Zhang, Song Hu, Wan-Da Peng, Bin Xu, Yan Li, Su-Juan Zhang, Qing Li, Chong Li
    Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2020; 146(9): 2231.     CrossRef
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Definitive Bimodality Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Inoperable N2-positive Stage IIIA Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Jae Myoung Noh, Yong Chan Ahn, Hyebin Lee, Hongryull Pyo, BoKyong Kim, Dongryul Oh, Hyojung Park, Eonju Lee, Keunchil Park, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn, Jong-Mu Sun
Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):645-652.   Published online February 12, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.144
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study was conducted to evaluate the treatment outcomes following definitive bimodality concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with inoperable N2-positive stage IIIA (N2- IIIA) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods From May 1997 to December 2012, 65 out of 633 patients with N2-IIIA NSCLC received bimodality therapy. The treatment modality was selected during/after neoadjuvant CCRT in 21 patients or primarily at diagnosis in 44 through a multidisciplinary consensus meeting. The median age was 65 years (range, 36 to 76 years). Sixty patients (92.3%) had clinically evident N2 disease, while 22 (33.8%) had multi-station N2 involvement. The median radiation therapy dose was 66 Gy in 33 fractions, while the dose was elevated to 72 Gy in 13 patients who had a treatment break due to delayed decision regarding resectability. The most frequent chemotherapy regimen was weekly paclitaxel or docetaxel plus cisplatin or carboplatin (54, 83.1%).
Results
During the median follow-up of 18.8 months (range, 1.6 to 173.1 months), 34 patients (52.3%) experienced disease progression, with distant metastasis being the most common first treatment failure pattern (23, 34.8%). The median and 2-year rates of progression-free survival were 18.8 months and 45.9%, respectively. The median and 2-year rates of overall survival were 28.6 months and 50.1%, respectively. Conclusion Definitive bimodality therapy in patients with N2-IIIA NSCLC demonstrated favorable outcomes, while trimodality therapy could be considered for candidates for less than pneumonectomy.

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  • Toxicity of Proton Therapy versus Photon Therapy on Salvage Re-Irradiation for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
    Kyungmi Yang, Yang-Gun Suh, Hyunju Shin, Hongryull Pyo, Sung Ho Moon, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh, Eunah Chung, Kwanghyun Jo, Jae Myoung Noh
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Effect of Radiation Therapy Techniques on Outcome in N3-positive IIIB Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
Jae Myoung Noh, Jin Man Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Hongryull Pyo, BoKyong Kim, Dongryul Oh, Sang Gyu Ju, Jin Sung Kim, Jung Suk Shin, Chae-Seon Hong, Hyojung Park, Eonju Lee
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):106-114.   Published online February 12, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.131
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study was conducted to evaluate clinical outcomes following definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for patients with N3-positive stage IIIB (N3-IIIB) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a focus on radiation therapy (RT) techniques. Materials and Methods From May 2010 to November 2012, 77 patients with N3-IIIB NSCLC received definitive CCRT (median, 66 Gy). RT techniques were selected individually based on estimated lung toxicity, with 3-dimensional conformal RT (3D-CRT) and intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) delivered to 48 (62.3%) and 29 (37.7%) patients, respectively. Weekly docetaxel/paclitaxel plus cisplatin (67, 87.0%) was the most common concurrent chemotherapy regimen.
Results
The median age and clinical target volume (CTV) were 60 years and 288.0 cm3, respectively. Patients receiving IMRT had greater disease extent in terms of supraclavicular lymph node (SCN) involvement and CTV ≥ 300 cm3. The median follow-up time was 21.7 months. Fortyfive patients (58.4%) experienced disease progression, most frequently distant metastasis (39, 50.6%). In-field locoregional control, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) rates at 2 years were 87.9%, 38.7%, and 75.2%, respectively. Although locoregional control was similar between RT techniques, patients receiving IMRT had worse PFS and OS, and SCN metastases from the lower lobe primary tumor and CTV ≥ 300 cm3were associated with worse OS. The incidence and severity of toxicities did not differ significantly between RT techniques. Conclusion IMRT could lead to similar locoregional control and toxicity, while encompassing a greater disease extent than 3D-CRT. The decision to apply IMRT should be made carefully after considering oncologic outcomes associated with greater disease extent and cost.

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  • Pneumonitis Risk After Chemoradiotherapy With and Without Immunotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Chong Han, Jingping Qiu, Lu Bai, Tingting Liu, Jun Chen, He Wang, Jun Dang
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    Line Claude, Camille Schiffler, Vanina Isnardi, Séverine Metzger, Sophie Darnis, Isabelle Martel-Lafay, Thomas Baudier, Simon Rit, David Sarrut, Myriam Ayadi
    Radiotherapy and Oncology.2024; 199: 110435.     CrossRef
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    Tingting Liu, Sihan Li, Silu Ding, Jingping Qiu, Chengbo Ren, Jun Chen, He Wang, Xiaoling Wang, Guang Li, Zheng He, Jun Dang
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    Y. Zeng, G. Wang, H. Zheng, Y. Wang, G. Ma, Z. Pang, J. Du
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    Kyungmi Yang, Yang-Gun Suh, Hyunju Shin, Hongryull Pyo, Sung Ho Moon, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh, Eunah Chung, Kwanghyun Jo, Jae Myoung Noh
    Life.2022; 12(2): 292.     CrossRef
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    Sunmin Park, Won Sup Yoon, Mi Hee Jang, Chai Hong Rim
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    Hyunju Shin, Jae Myoung Noh, Hongryull Pyo, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh
    Radiation Oncology Journal.2021; 39(1): 24.     CrossRef
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Survival of Korean Adult Cancer Patients by Stage at Diagnosis, 2006-2010: National Cancer Registry Study
Kyu-Won Jung, Young-Joo Won, Hyun-Joo Kong, Chang-Mo Oh, Aesun Shin, Jin-Soo Lee
Cancer Res Treat. 2013;45(3):162-171.   Published online September 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.45.3.162
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
PURPOSE
Although the cancer stage at diagnosis is the most important prognostic factor for patients' survival, there are few population-based estimates of stage-specific survival outcome, especially in Asian countries. Our study aims to estimate stage-specific survival for Korean patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We analyzed the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database data on 626,506 adult patients aged > or = 20 years, who were diagnosed between 2006 and 2010 with stomach, colorectal, liver, lung, breast, cervix, prostate, and thyroid cancers. Patients were followed up to December 2011, and the 5-year relative survival rates (RSRs) were calculated for gender and age group by Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) stage at diagnosis.
RESULTS
The 5-year RSRs for all localized-stage cancers, except for lung and liver, exceeded 90% with that for thyroid cancer being the highest at 100.4%. These values for distant stage liver, lung, and stomach cancers were very dismal at 2.5%, 4.8%, and 5.5%, respectively, while it was 69.1% for thyroid cancer, and was in the range of 18.3-36.4% for colorectal, cervix, breast and prostate cancers. Overall, the 5-year RSRs for all cancer types decreased with aging across all the disease stages with exception of prostate cancer, which suggests biologic difference in these cancer types in a young age group. When compared with US SEER data, Korean patients had better stage-specific survival rates for stomach, colorectal, liver, and cervical cancers.
CONCLUSION
Korean cancer patients showed relatively favorable stage distribution and 5-year RSRs, which suggests potential contribution of the national cancer screening program.

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Review Article
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Early Stage Lung Cancer
Yasushi Nagata
Cancer Res Treat. 2013;45(3):155-161.   Published online September 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.45.3.155
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a newly developed technique currently in clinical use. SBRT originated from stereotactic radiosurgery for intracranial tumors. SBRT has been widely used clinically for lung cancer. The practice of SBRT demands different kinds of patient fixation, breathing control, target determination, treatment planning, and verifications. The history and current standard technique are reviewed. Clinical studies of lung cancer showed high local control rates with acceptable toxicities. Past and on-going clinical trials are reviewed.

Citations

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Original Articles
Uterine Leiomyosarcoma : 14-year Two-center Experience of 31 Cases
Woo Young Kim, Suk-Joon Chang, Ki-Hong Chang, Jong-Hyuck Yoon, Jang Hee Kim, Byoung-Gie Kim, Duk-Soo Bae, Hee-Sug Ryu
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(1):24-28.   Published online March 31, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.1.24
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) and possible prognostic factors.

Materials and Methods

This study included 31 patients with histologically proven LMS at Samsung Medical Center and Ajou University Hospital between 1994 and 2007. The medical records and available histological slides were reviewed retrospectively.

Results

The median age was 46 years (range, 32~63). The most common symptom was vaginal bleeding (11 patients, 35.5%). There were 23 patients with stage I, one patient with stage III, seven patients with stage IV disease. The median follow up time was 29 months (range, 1~94). The most common recurrence site was lung (5 case), followed by pelvis and upper abdomen (2 case). Nine patients died of disease with a 5-year overall survival rate of 63%. Early tumor stage and mitotic count were the prognostic factor in univariate analysis (p<0.0001 and p=0.0031, respectively), but early tumor stage only was associated with prognosis in multivariate analysis (p=0.010 vs p=0.143). Adjuvant treatment for early stage disease did not decrease the recurrence rate (p=0.1075), but high mitotic count (15>10HPF) had a trend for disease recurrence in early stage LMS (p=0.0859).

Conclusion

Mitotic count less than 15/HPF in early stage may be related with longer progression-free interval, but we could not reach the conclusion that adjuvant therapy in early stage LMS be effective.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    Hosouk Joung, Hyunju Liu
    Oncology Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Joseph J. Noh, Young-Jae Cho, Ji-Yoon Ryu, Jung-Joo Choi, Jae Ryoung Hwang, Ju-Yeon Choi, Jeong-Won Lee
    Clinical Cancer Research.2022; 28(17): 3850.     CrossRef
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    Bruna Cristine de Almeida, Laura Gonzalez dos Anjos, Andrey Senos Dobroff, Edmund Chada Baracat, Qiwei Yang, Ayman Al-Hendy, Katia Candido Carvalho
    Biomedicines.2022; 10(10): 2567.     CrossRef
  • Impact of Chemotherapy in the Adjuvant Setting of Early Stage Uterine Leiomyosarcoma: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-Analysis
    Alessandro Rizzo, Margherita Nannini, Annalisa Astolfi, Valentina Indio, Pierandrea De Iaco, Anna Myriam Perrone, Antonio De Leo, Lorena Incorvaia, Valerio Di Scioscio, Maria Abbondanza Pantaleo
    Cancers.2020; 12(7): 1899.     CrossRef
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    Dhara Patel, Elizabeth Handorf, Margaret von Mehren, Lainie Martin, Sujana Movva
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The Effect of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Stage IV (T4N1-3M0 and T1-3N3M0) Gastric Cancer
Tae Kyung Ha, Min Sung Jung, Kang Hong Lee, Kyeong Geun Lee, Sung Joon Kwon
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(1):19-23.   Published online March 31, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.1.19
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

The optimal chemotherapeutic strategy for gastric cancer patients has not been determined, especially with respect to stage and the curability of gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of adjuvant chemotherapy on stage IV (T4N1-3M0 and T1-3N3M0) gastric cancer after curative gastrectomy between a chemotherapy (CTX) group and non-chemotherapy (non-CTX) group.

Materials and Methods

Among 1,760 patients who underwent gastric surgery by 1 surgeon in a single institution, 162 stage IV gastric cancer patients with curative gastrectomy were analyzed retrospectively, excluding patients with TanyNanyM1. One hundred twenty-five patients who received different chemotherapeutic regimens were compared to 37 patients who did not receive chemotherapy for reasons of old age or according to their expressed desire.

Results

The clinicopathologic factors which showed a clinically significant difference between the two groups were age and histology, which were not associated with patient survival. The CTX group was younger, and had a larger proportion of undifferentiated gastric cancers than the non-CTX group. The mode of treatment failure revealed no significant difference between the CTX and non-CTX groups. The 1, 3, and 5-year disease-free survival and the 1, 3, and 5-year disease-specific survival of the CTX group were 63.9%, 38.4%, and 32.0%, and 85.4%, 52.3%, and 39.6%, respectively, which were more favorable than the non-CTX group (p=0.015 and p=0.001, respectively). Postoperative adjuvant CTX was an independent risk factor for disease-specific survival of stage IV (T4N1-3M0 and T1-3N3M0) gastric cancer patients after curative gastrectomy by multivariate analysis (odds ratio=2.153; 95% confidence interval=1.349-3.435; p=0.001).

Conclusions

Adjuvant CTX may be associated with survival benefit for younger patients with stage IV (T4N1-3M0 and T1-3N3M0) gastric cancer with undifferentiated histology after curative gastrectomy. A randomized controlled trial to reveal the effect of stage-specific adjuvant chemotherapy should be conducted.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Impact of duration of adjuvant chemotherapy in radically resected patients with T4bN1-3M0/TxN3bM0 gastric cancer
    Qi-Wei Wang, Xiao-Tian Zhang, Ming Lu, Lin Shen
    World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2018; 10(1): 31.     CrossRef
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    Jisen Cao, Feng Qi, Tong Liu
    Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2014; 49(6): 690.     CrossRef
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Treatment Outcome of Limited Stage Hodgkin's Disease
Jung Hun Kang, Yong Chan Ahn, Won Seog Kim, Won Ki Kang
Cancer Res Treat. 2005;37(1):31-36.   Published online February 28, 2005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2005.37.1.31
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

The 10-year overall survival rate following conventional treatments for patients with limited-stage Hodgkin's disease (HD) exceeds 90%. However, the clinical features and treatment outcome of HD in Korea have not been extensively characterized due to its low incidence. In this study, we attempted to analyze the treatment outcome of different modalities in limited stage HD patients.

Materials and Methods

Twenty one Hodgkin's disease patients, referred to the Samsung Medical Center between January 1997 and December 2003, were enrolled in this study. Limited stage Hodgkin's disease was subdivided into low and high risk groups. All evaluable patients received treatment.

Results

There were 13 and 8 patients in the low and high risk groups, respectively. Eighteen patients (86%) obtained complete response (CR) and 3 patients (14%) achieved an undetermined complete response (CRu). Fourteen (67%), 4 (19%) and 3 (14%) cases received combination chemotherapy, radiotherapy alone and chemotherapy alone, respectively. Four cases relapsed and 2 obtained a second CR. The 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 90 and 72%, respectively, for all patients. The median follow-up duration was 31 months. There was no difference in disease free survival (DFS) between the low and high risk groups. Although 12 cases had neutropenia greater than grade III, none experienced neutropenic fever.

Conclusion

The treatment outcome of limited-stage HD was excellent, regardless to the initial treatment modality.

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Single Immunochemical Fecal Occult Blood Test for Detection of Colorectal Neoplasia
Dae Kyung Sohn, Seung-Yong Jeong, Hyo Seong Choi, Seok-Byung Lim, Jin Myeong Huh, Dae-Hyun Kim, Dae Yong Kim, Young Hoon Kim, Hee Jin Chang, Kyung Hae Jung, Joong-Bae Ahn, Hyun Kyung Kim, Jae-Gahb Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2005;37(1):20-23.   Published online February 28, 2005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2005.37.1.20
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

This study was designed to investigate the validity of a single immunochemical fecal occult blood test (FOBT) for detection of colorectal neoplasia.

Materials and Methods

A total of 3,794 average-risk screenees and 304 colorectal cancer patients admitted to the National Cancer Center, Korea, between May 2001 and November 2002, were studied prospectively. All screenees and admitted patients underwent FOBT and total colonoscopic examinations. Stools were self-collected, and examined using an immunochemical fecal occult blood test (OC-hemodia®, Eiken Chemical Co. Tokyo, Japan) and an OC-sensor analyzer® (Eiken Chemical Co. Tokyo, Japan).

Results

Of the 3,794 asymptomatic screenees, the colonoscopy identified colorectal adenomas and cancers in 613 (16.2%) and 12 (0.3%) subjects, respectively. The sensitivities of a single immunochemical FOBT for detecting colorectal cancers and adenomas in screenees were 25.0 and 2.4%, respectively. The false positive rate of FOBT for colorectal cancer in screenees was 1.19%. For the total 316 colorectal cancer cases (including 12 cases from screenees), the FOBT sensitivities according to the T-stage were 38.5, 75.0%, 78.9 and 79.2% for T1, 2, 3 and 4 cancers, respectively. The sensitivities according to the Dukes stages A, B and C were 63.4, 79.3 and 78.6%, respectively.

Conclusion

The sensitivities of a single immunochemical FOBT for detecting colorectal cancers and adenomas in screenees were 25.0 and 2.4%, respectively. The sensitivities of FOBT were about 80% for Dukes B or C colorectal cancers and 63.4% for Dukes A.

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    Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.2017; 17(12): 1131.     CrossRef
  • Age-adapted Variation in Screening Interval of Fecal Immunochemical Test May Improve its Participation and Colonoscopy Acceptance
    Min Seob Kwak, Jae Myung Cha, Jin Young Yoon, Jung Won Jeon, Hyun Phil Shin, Kwang Ro Joo, Joung Il Lee
    Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology.2017; 51(9): 825.     CrossRef
  • Use of a Low Cut-Off Value for the Fecal Immunochemical Test Enables Better Detection of Proximal Neoplasia
    Jae Myung Cha, Joung Il Lee, Kwang Ro Joo, Hyun Phil Shin, Jung Won Jeun, Jun Uk Lim
    Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2013; 58(11): 3256.     CrossRef
  • Performance of the Fecal Immunochemical Test Is Not Decreased by High Ambient Temperature in the Rapid Return System
    Jae Myung Cha, Joung Il Lee, Kwang Ro Joo, Hyun Phil Shin, Jae Jun Park, Jung Won Jeun, Jun Uk Lim, Sang-Hyun Hwang
    Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2012; 57(8): 2178.     CrossRef
  • A comparison of qualitative and quantitative fecal immunochemical tests in the Korean national colorectal cancer screening program
    Mi Jin Park, Kui Son Choi, You Kyoung Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Hoo-Yeon Lee
    Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2012; 47(4): 461.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Features of Colorectal Cancer Detected by the National Cancer Screening Program
    Dae-Do Park, Rumi Shin, Ji-Sun Kim, Heung-Kwon Oh, Seung-Yong Jeong, Kyu Joo Park, Jae-Gahb Park
    Journal of the Korean Society of Coloproctology.2010; 26(6): 420.     CrossRef
  • The Significance of Fecal Immunochemical Test to Screen for Colorectal Cancer in National Cancer Screening Program
    Jun Uk Lim, Na Young Bae, Won Koung Song, Jae Myung Cha, Joung Il Lee
    Intestinal Research.2010; 8(2): 126.     CrossRef
  • False negative fecal occult blood tests due to delayed sample return in colorectal cancer screening
    Leo G.M. van Rossum, Anne F. van Rijn, Martijn G.H. van Oijen, Paul Fockens, Robert J.F. Laheij, Andre L.M. Verbeek, Jan B.M.J. Jansen, Evelien Dekker
    International Journal of Cancer.2009; 125(4): 746.     CrossRef
  • Cutoff value determines the performance of a semi-quantitative immunochemical faecal occult blood test in a colorectal cancer screening programme
    L G M van Rossum, A F van Rijn, R J F Laheij, M G H van Oijen, P Fockens, J B M J Jansen, A L M Verbeek, E Dekker
    British Journal of Cancer.2009; 101(8): 1274.     CrossRef
  • Random Comparison of Guaiac and Immunochemical Fecal Occult Blood Tests for Colorectal Cancer in a Screening Population
    Leo G. van Rossum, Anne F. van Rijn, Robert J. Laheij, Martijn G. van Oijen, Paul Fockens, Han H. van Krieken, Andre L. Verbeek, Jan B. Jansen, Evelien Dekker
    Gastroenterology.2008; 135(1): 82.     CrossRef
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Prognostic Factors of Gastrointestinal Leiomyosarcoma in Korea
Se Hoon Lee, Hee Jeoung Cha, Jee Hyun Kim, Im Il Na, Jun Hee Lee, Hark Kyun Kim, Keun Seok Lee, Won Sup Lee, Chong Jai Kim, Dae Seog Heo, Yung Jue Bang, Noe Kyeong Kim
J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(6):1022-1030.
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
The clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors of gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma have been a source of controversy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective study was made of 91 incident cases of gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma from 1979 to 1998 to identify clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors.
RESULTS
The median age of study subjects was 56 years and 58.2% was male. Tumors consisted of 2 esophagus, 39 stomach, 38 small bowel, 12 large bowel leiomyosarcoma. Mean size of the tumors was 10.9 cm and 52.9% of them was larger than 10 cm. The tumors were classified as localized stage (42 cases), advanced stage (21 cases), and metastatic stage (28 cases). Again, the tumors were classified as low grade (48 cases) and high grade (18 cases). Median overall survival was 37.4 months and median disease-free survival was 28.2 months. In univariate analysis, the significant factors affecting the overall survival of patients with leiomyosarcoma were stage, size greater than 10 cm, performance status, and histologic grade. In multivariate analysis, stage, performance status, and histologic grade were independent factors affecting the overall survival. In univariate analysis, the significant factors affecting the disease-free survival were stage, performance status, and histologic grade. In multivariate analysis, histologic grade was the only independent factor affecting the disease-free survival.
CONCLUSION
Stage, performance status, and histologic grade were independent factors affecting the overall survival. Histologic grade was independent factor affecting the disease-free survival.
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Results of Radio-thermotherapy in Stage IIIb Uterine Cervical Cancer Local response, survival rate and analysis of prognostic factor
Chang Woo Moon
J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(4):714-723.
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
This retrospective study was conducted to obtain local response and survival rates, and to analyze prognostic factors affecting survival of patients treated with radio-thermotherapy for stage IIIb uterine cervical cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From May 1992 to Dec. 1996, 24 patients treated with radio-thermo therapy for stage IIIb uterine cervical cancer at department of Radiation Oncology in Kosin Medical College, Kosin University were enrolled. Radiotherapy used 6~10 MV linear accelerator was performed in whole pelvis with 4 portals box technique by conventional (180~200 cGy/ fraction, 5 fraction/week) method in 5 patients (20.8%) or hyperfractionated (120~135 cGy/fr., 2 fr./day, 10 fr./wk) in 19 patients (79.2%). Total dose of A-point was 67~112 Gy (median: 77.27 Gy). Hyperthermia used 8 MHz radiofrequency capacitive heating device was applied in pelvic area with 2~3 sessions per wk. Each course started within 15 to 20 minutes after radio therapy and took 40 to 60 minutes. Local progression free (LPFS), disease free (DFS) and overall (OS) rates were calculated in survival analysis. Statistics was calculated by Kaplan-Meier Method in survival and Log-rank test in statistical significance. Multivariate analysis for prognostic factor was applied to Cox Regression model. Follow-up duration was 6~82 months (median: 25 months).
RESULTS
Overall local response rate was 95.8% (45.8% in CR/50.0% in PR). Five year LPFS, DFS, OS were 48.6%, 31.7%, 67.1%, respectively. In univariate analysis, an age was the signi ficant prognostic factor in terms of OS (p=0.03), but was insignificant in LPFS and DFS. In multivariate analysis, none of evaluated factors are important in LPFS, DFS or OS.
CONCLUSION
Radio-thermotherapy for stage IIIb uterine cervical cancer did not increase 5 year LPFS, DFS and OS in spite of higher local response rate. Age was the only significant factor for OS in univariate analysis.
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Diagnostic Value of MRI in the T Staging of Colorectal Carcinoma
B C Kang, S W Lee, S Y Baek, H Y Choi, S Lee
J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(2):321-330.
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
We studied to determine the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the preoperative T-staging of colorectal cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty patients with colon cancer and S patients with rectosigmoid neoplasm, who were diagnosed between October 1997 and June 1998 by barium enema, colono-scopic biopsy were evaluated. Patients consisted of 16 men and 12 women, with ages ranging from 46 to 68 years (mean 61 years). Preoperative staging was done with MRI. We used 2D-FLASH (Fast Low-Angle Shot), FISP (Fast-Imaging Shot-angle Precession), and Turbo-SE (Spin-Echo) sequences. Acquisition time of these MR techniques was 13~15 sec. 2D-FLASH MRI after intravenous injection of 0.1 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA were obtained for the dynamic and delayed enhanced MR images. Preoperative stages of MRI were decided with a consensus by two radiologists. Pathologic stages were done by TNM classification.
RESULTS
T-stages determined by enhanced 2D-FLASH MR images of colorectal cancer were correlated with histopathologic findings in 2 of 3 pT2 (pathologic T2) tumor (67%), 17 of 21 pT3 (81%), and 4 of 4 pT4 tumors (100%). T-stages determined by FISP were correlated with histopathologic findings in 2 of 3 pT2 tumor (67%), 16 of 21 pT3 (76%), and 3 of 4 pT4 tumors (75%), and T-stages by Turbo-SE were correlated in 2 of 3 pT2 tumor (67%), 18 of 21 pT3 (86%), and 3 of 4 pT4 tumors (75%). MRI correctly diagnosed tumor deposits of involved lymph nodes in 16 patients, overall accuracy was 57% (16/28%). Signal intensity between the cancerous and normal wall was not significantly different on MRI using FISP (P>0.05). But, that was significantly different on the MRI using Turbo-SE (p<0.05), CONCLUSION: Fast MR sequences has a role for the preoperative T-staging of colorectal neoplasm.
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A Study of Relationship between the Progression and Subtypes of Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Fas - L / sFas - L
S C Lim, Y D Min
J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(2):288-296.
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to determine whether human gastric adenocarcinoma expresses Fas-L, whether serum sFas-L level is changed in patients before and after gastrectomy, and whether Fas-L or sFas-L is concerned in tumor stage and histologic type.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The authors analysed 38 cases of early gastric carcinoma (EGC) and 61 cases of advanced gastric carcinoma (AGC) who received gastric resection from 1997 to 1998, in whom the number of diffuse type is 38 cases and the number of intestinal type is 61 cases. The authors used immunohistochemical staining for tumoral Fas-L detection and sFas ligand ELISA kit for serum sFas-L detection.
RESULTS
Fas-L was localized to neoplastic cells in 61% (23/38) cases of EGC group and 66% (40/61) cases of AGC group. The extent of Fas-L expression was variable, with both FasL- positive and -negative neoplastic region occuring within tumors. The mean serum sFas-L level was highly significantly higher in patients before treatment compared with controls, whereas in patients in post-gastrectomy was significantly lower as the level of controls. Some patients whose preoperative serum sFas-L levels were within normal limits expressed no tumoral Fas-L. In addition, factors such as tumor stage, histologic subtype and other prognostic factors were not concerned in Fas-L expression and serum sFas-L level.
CONCLUSION
The authors demonstrate a statistically significant expression of tumoral Fas-L with concomitant increment of serum sFas-L in gastric adenocarcinoma. This finding suggests Fas-mediated apoptosis in response to Fas-L expression by gastric adenocarcinoma, and provide the evidence to support the Fas counterattack and indicate that the serum sFas-L level is a useful indicator in evaluating preoperative diagnosis and postoperative follow-up of gastric adeno- carcinoma. In addition, every clinical stages of gastric adenocarcinoma of the intestinal and the diffuse type not differ in their expression of the Fas and sFas-L.
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Korean Breast Cancer Data of 1997
J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1999;31(6):1202-1209.
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
In Korea, breast cancer is the third most common cancer in female following uterine cervix cancer, stomach cancer, and the incidence is increasing year by year.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In 1997, the Korean Breast Cancer Society collected the data of new breast cancer patients who were treated at 35 university hospitals and 16 general hospitals nationwidely.
RESULTS
Total patients were 4,168 cases, female of 4,149 (99.5%) and male of 19 (0.5%) cases. Age distribution showed that there were 2 cases (0.05%) in 10~19 years of age, 109 cases (2.6%) in 20~29 years, 878 cases (21.1%) in 30~39 years, 1,504 cases (36.1%) in 40~49 years, 1,090 cases (26.1%) in 50~59 years, 431 cases (10.3%) in 60~69 years, 128 cases (3.1%) in 70~79 years, 25 cases (0.6%) in 80 years or above, 1 case of unknown. A radical mastectomy was performed in 50 cases (1.2%), a modified radical mastectomy in 3,094 cases (74.2%), a simple mastectomy m 114 cases (2.7%), a breast conserving surgery in 740 cases (17.8%), segmentectomy or excision in 86 cases (2.1%), biopsy or etc. in 81 cases (1.9%), and unkown in 3 cases (0.1%). According to the TNM staging system, there were 188 (4.8%) with stage 0, 849 (21.7%) with stage I, 1,344 (34.3%) with stage IIA, 810 (20.7%) with stage IIB, 415 (10.6%) with stage IIIA, 106 (2.7%) with stage IIIB, and 83 (2.1%) with stage IV.
CONCLUSION
We, all the members of the Korean Breast Cancer Society believe that it is very important to join the nationwide collection of Korean breast cancer data since 1996 when the first nationwide baseline data was reported, and we think that we have been accomplishing the purposes of study, which is to report the yearly natiowide data of Korean breast cancer, and to compare our data with those of other countries.
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Cancer Res Treat : Cancer Research and Treatment
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