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Original Articles
A Multinational, Retrospective, Real-World Study: Treatment Patterns in Patients With HER2-Positive Locally Advanced or Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma Beyond First-line in East Asia (HER2+ GASTA Study)
Do-Youn Oh, Winnie Yeo, Jen-Shi Chen, Yi Ba, Wendy Wing Lok Chan, Ming-Jen Chen, Yen-Hao Chen, Kangsheng Gu, Yi-Ping Hung, Jong Gwang Kim, Jeeyun Lee, Xinjun Liang, Suxia Luo, Sun Young Rha, Ying Yuan, Taeheon Kim, Momoko Yanagida, Risa Sato, Rui-Hua Xu
Received December 5, 2025  Accepted June 18, 2026  Published online September 10, 2026  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2025.1341    [Accepted]
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
East Asia has the highest gastric cancer incidence globally [1]. Real-world (rw) treatment patterns and outcomes for HER2-positive (HER2+) advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (aGC/GEJC) remain poorly understood.
Materials and Methods
This study enrolled adults with HER2+ aGC/GEJC diagnosed since January 2016 who received ≥2 lines of therapies (LOTs) with ≥6 months of follow-up across 31 centers in South Korea (KR), China (CN), Taiwan (TW), and Hong Kong (HK). Data were collected through November 2023. Treatment patterns, rw-efficacy outcomes, and adverse events of interest were analyzed descriptively.
Results
Of 356 eligible patients (KR: 119, CN: 137, TW: 75, HK: 25), chemotherapy plus HER2-targeted monoclonal antibody was the most common 1st LOT regimen (61.0%), although utilization varied across countries/regions. Cross-country/region heterogeneity in treatment patterns emerged from the 2nd LOT onward. Median rw-overall survival varied across countries/regions (KR: 37.1; TW: 13.7; HK: 18.1 months); reliable survival estimation was precluded in CN due to ~50% loss to follow-up. Exploratory analyses suggested no survival benefit with trastuzumab use across multiple versus single LOT(s) (nominal p=0.96); however, sequential use of ≥2 HER2-targeted therapy types with distinct mechanisms of action (MoAs) may be associated with longer survival compared to a single type (nominal p=0.009).
Conclusion
Cross-country/region heterogeneity in HER2+ aGC/GEJC treatment exists, likely driven by differential drug accessibility. Exploratory analyses suggested possible associations between HER2-targeted therapy and improved outcomes; however, inherent biases preclude causal inference. The sequential use of HER2-targeted therapies with distinct MoAs may be associated with clinical benefit, requiring prospective validation (NCT05606094).
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Multimodal Knowledge Graph–Guided RAG-LLM for Clinical Decision Support in Pediatric Leukemia
Jong Keon Song, Dong Bin Youk, Hyery Kim, Sang-Hyun Hwang
Received January 15, 2026  Accepted April 5, 2026  Published online April 21, 2026  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2026.0047    [Accepted]
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Purpose
This study aims to develop and evaluate a multimodal, knowledge graph–guided retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework for clinical decision support in pediatric acute leukemia.
Materials and Methods
Authoritative pediatric hematology-oncology textbooks were decomposed into text, tables, and figures. Visual and tabular elements were converted into structured textual descriptions using a multimodal large language model (LLM). A biomedical knowledge graph was constructed using LightRAG with gpt-oss-20b and Qwen3 embeddings. System performance was evaluated using 10 clinical questions, with responses generated by the RAG system and GPT-4.5. Nine medical experts (4 pediatric hematology-oncology specialists, 3 nurse specialists, and 2 medical students) conducted blind evaluations, complemented by two LLM evaluators (Claude Sonnet 4.5 and Gemini 3).
Results
The knowledge graph comprised 10,062 nodes and 15,876 edges. In expert evaluation, RAG was preferred in 47.8% of 90 paired comparisons versus 35.6% for GPT-4.5, with higher completeness scores (3.84 vs 3.51, p = 0.016). RAG showed significant advantage for ETP-ALL immunophenotype definition (p = 0.016). LLM-based evaluation consistently favored RAG: Claude Sonnet 4.5 preferred RAG in 6 of 10 questions, and Gemini 3 in 9 of 10 (Fast mode) and 7 of 10 (Thinking mode).
Conclusion
Multimodal graph-based RAG is feasible for clinical decision support in pediatric leukemia. RAG showed complementary strengths to foundation model LLMs, providing added value for questions requiring evidence-dependent information. Unlike LLMs with static training knowledge, RAG can incorporate updated guidelines and protocols without model retraining, particularly relevant in rapidly evolving fields. Further validation regarding privacy and regulatory issues is required before clinical deployment.

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  • Evaluation Methods for Inference-Time Retrieval-Augmented and Graph Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models in Health Care: Scoping Review
    Yuhan Zhao, Yiqun Miao, Rongrong Guo, Yuan Luo, Huiying Wang, Ying Wu
    Journal of Medical Internet Research.2026; 28: e90046.     CrossRef
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Prognostic Factors for Relapse and the Role of Maintenance Therapy in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: A Real-World Multicenter Study in Korea
Kunye Kwak, Mihee Kim, Dongjin Shin, Changgon Kim, Yoon Seok Choi, Ka-Won Kang, Byung Soo Kim, Min Ji Jeon, Eun Sang Yu, Dae Sik Kim, Chul Won Choi, Byung-Hyun Lee, Se Ryeon Lee, Hwa Jung Sung, Chang-Hoon Lee, Seo-Yeon Ahn, Ho-Young Yhim, Jae-Sook Ahn, Yong Park
Received August 26, 2025  Accepted November 6, 2025  Published online November 10, 2025  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2025.929    [Epub ahead of print]
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is curable, but relapse remains a concern, particularly in patients treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy-based regimens. The identification of prognostic factors for relapse is important for enhanced survival outcomes.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective multicenter study analyzed the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors for relapse in 286 Korean patients treated with ATRA and idarubicin-based chemotherapy protocols between 2002 and 2024.
Results
Propensity score-matched analysis revealed key prognostic factors, such as post-consolidation measurable residual disease (MRD) (hazard ratio [HR], 20.16, p < 0.001) and male sex (HR, 5.96; p=0.016). No significant benefit of ATRA-based maintenance therapy was observed in relapse-free survival, compared with observation alone. We also found that FLT3–internal tandem duplication mutations were associated with an increased risk of relapse.
Conclusion
These findings highlight prognostic factors for relapse and the importance of individualized therapeutic strategies for high-risk patients. Moreover, our findings indicate that post-consolidation MRD is the most significant predictor of relapse, emphasizing the need for molecular profiling and longitudinal monitoring. Future prospective studies should validate these prognostic markers and refine personalized therapeutic approaches for APL.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Induction-phase blood arsenic concentration and relapse risk in pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with arsenic and all-trans retinoic acid
    Qingyuan Xu, Linya Wang, Ning Liao, Mincui Zheng, Yunpeng Dai, Diying Shen, Shaoyan Hu, Li Wang, Qun Hu, Xin Tian, Xiaohuan Wang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Pengli Huang, Jiaole Yu, Ying Wu, Wei Lin, Peijing Qi, Jia Fan, Ruidong Zhang, Yaguang Peng, Huyong Zheng, Hu
    Leukemia.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Breast cancer
Dural Metastasis in Breast Cancer: MRI-Based Morphological Subtypes and Their Clinical Implications
Sung Jun Ahn, Bio Joo, Mina Park, Hun Ho Park, Sang Hyun Suh, Sung Gwe Ahn, Jihwan Yoo
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(4):1105-1112.   Published online March 19, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.138
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the clinical factors associated with breast cancer (BRCA) dural metastases (DMs), their impact on prognosis compared to brain parenchymal metastases (BPMs) alone, and differences between DM subtypes, aiming to inform clinical decisions.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 119 patients with BRCA with brain metastasis, including 91 patients with BPM alone and 28 patients with DM. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to compare the clinical characteristics between the two groups and within subtypes of DM. Overall survival after DM (OSDM) and the interval from DM to leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) were compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Results
DM was notably linked with extracranial metastasis, luminal-like BRCA subtype (p=0.033), and skull metastases (p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression revealed a strong association of DM with extracranial and skull metastases, but not with subtype or hormone receptor status. Patients with DM did not show survival differences compared with patients with BPM alone. In the subgroup analysis, nodular-type DM correlated with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status (p=0.044), whereas diffuse-type DM was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of the luminal-like subtype (p=0.048) and the presence of skull metastasis (p=0.002). Patients with diffuse DM did not exhibit a significant difference in OSDM but had a notably shorter interval from DM to LMC compared to those with nodular DM (p=0.049).
Conclusion
While the impact of DM on the overall prognosis of patients with BRCA is minimal, our findings underscore distinct characteristics and prognostic outcomes within DM subgroups.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • MRI-based morphological and spatial characteristics of leptomeningeal metastasis: prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer
    Xin Chen, Xueying He, Tianli Zhang, Huiying Li, Cen Chen, Mingmin Huang, Aibin Guo, Tingting Yu, Yu Xie, Yongjuan Lin, Pengpeng Gui, Yue Wang, Mingyang He, Zhenyu Yin, Xue Liang
    Frontiers in Oncology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Dural-only metastases in breast cancer: clinical course, prognostic factors, and implications for central nervous system  management
    Tuğba Önder, Öztürk Ateş
    memo - Magazine of European Medical Oncology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix with leptomeningeal spread: A rare coincidence report and literature review
    Mohammed A. Azab, Oday Atallah, Nour El-Gohary, Ahmed Hazim, Hamed Abdelma’aboud Mostafa
    Surgical Neurology International.2024; 15: 310.     CrossRef
  • Left homonymous hemianopia as an atypical manifestation of isolated pachymeningeal metastasis secondary to breast cancer: Case report and review of the literature
    Aziz Ahizoune, Moad Belouad, Houda Alloussi, Mohamed Allaoui, Mohamed Hamid, Ahmed Bourazza
    Radiology Case Reports.2024; 19(11): 5459.     CrossRef
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Genitourinary cancer
Single Early Intravesical Instillation of Epirubicin for Preventing Bladder Recurrence after Nephroureterectomy in Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
Jong Hoon Lee, Chung Un Lee, Jae Hoon Chung, Wan Song, Minyong Kang, Hwang Gyun Jeon, Byong Chang Jeong, Seong Il Seo, Seong Soo Jeon, Hyun Hwan Sung
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(3):877-884.   Published online January 17, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.1219
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
We aimed to assess the effectiveness of early single intravesical administration of epirubicin in preventing intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma.
Materials and Methods
Patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma who underwent radical nephroureterectomy between November 2018 and May 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Intravesical epirubicin was administered within 48 hours if no evidence of leakage was observed. Epirubicin (50 mg) in 50 mL normal saline solution was introduced into the bladder via a catheter and maintained for 60 minutes. The severity of adverse events was graded using the Clavien-Dindo classification. We compared intravesical recurrence rate between the two groups. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify the independent predictors of bladder recurrence following radical nephroureterectomy.
Results
Epirubicin (n=55) and control (n=116) groups were included in the analysis. No grade 1 or higher bladder symptoms have been reported. A statistically significant difference in the intravesical recurrence rate was observed between the two groups (11.8% at 1 year in the epirubicin group vs. 28.4% at 1 year in the control group; log-rank p=0.039). In multivariate analysis, epirubicin instillation (hazard ratio [HR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20 to 0.93; p=0.033) and adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.65; p=0.003) were independently predictive of a reduced incidence of bladder recurrence.
Conclusion
This retrospective review revealed that a single immediate intravesical instillation of epirubicin is safe and can reduce the incidence of intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy. However, further prospective trials are required to confirm these findings.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Scientific advances in drug development and clinical trials for urothelial carcinoma: Highlights from the 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology Genitourinary Cancers Symposium
    Ruicheng Wu, Dengxiong Li, Dechao Feng
    Asian Journal of Urology.2026; 13(2): 246.     CrossRef
  • Immediate Vs. Delayed single post-operative intravesical instillation of chemotherapy in reducing bladder recurrence rate in upper tract urothelial carcinoma patients after radical nephroureterectomy
    Yiwen Liu, Yun Song, Nienie Qi, Chong Han, Meng Lu, Meng Zhang, Rumin Wen, Xiaoxiao Jiang, Hailong Li
    World Journal of Urology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The role of intravesical chemotherapy following nephroureterectomy in upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Stefano Moretto, Andrea Piccolini, Andrea Gallioli, Roberto Contieri, Nicolomaria Buffi, Giovanni Lughezzani, Alberto Breda, Michael Baboudjian, Bas WG van Rhijn, Morgan Roupret, Alessandro Uleri, Benjamin Pradere
    Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations.2025; 43(3): 191.e1.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic Value of the De Ritis Ratio in Predicting Survival After Bladder Recurrence Following Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Tumors
    Enis Mert Yorulmaz, Kursad Donmez, Serkan Ozcan, Osman Kose, Sacit Nuri Gorgel, Enes Candemir, Yigit Akin
    Diagnostics.2025; 15(15): 1840.     CrossRef
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General
Effectiveness of Self-Assessment, TAilored Information, and Lifestyle Management for Cancer Patients’ Returning to Work (START): A Multi-center, Randomized Controlled Trial
Danbee Kang, Ka Ryeong Bae, Yeojin Ahn, Nayeon Kim, Seok Jin Nam, Jeong Eon Lee, Se Kyung Lee, Young Mog Shim, Dong Hyun Sinn, Seung Yeop Oh, Mison Chun, Jaesung Heo, Juhee Cho
Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):419-428.   Published online November 8, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.939
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
We developed a comprehensive return to work (RTW) intervention covering physical, psycho-social and practical issues for patients newly diagnosed and evaluated its efficacy in terms of RTW.
Materials and Methods
A multi-center randomized controlled trial was done to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention conducted at two university-based cancer centers in Korea. The intervention program comprised educational material at diagnosis, a face-to-face educational session at completion of active treatment, and three individualized telephone counseling sessions. The control group received other education at enrollment.
Results
At 1-month post-intervention (T2), the intervention group was more likely to be working compared to the control group after controlling working status at diagnosis (65.4% vs. 55.9%, p=0.037). Among patients who did not work at baseline, the intervention group was 1.99-times more likely to be working at T2. The mean of knowledge score was higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (7.4 vs. 6.8, p=0.029). At the 1-year follow-up, the intervention group was 65% (95% confidence interval, 0.78 to 3.48) more likely to have higher odds for having work.
Conclusion
The intervention improved work-related knowledge and was effective in facilitating cancer patients’ RTW.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Trajectories of care dependency and predictors following laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a longitudinal study
    Zheng-Ke-Ke Tan, Wen-Zhen Tang, Huan-Huan Wen, Jin-Yan Yi, Bo-Hua Zhong, Qiu-Yan Lang
    Frontiers in Oncology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Psychosocial Adjustment Experiences Among Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Survivors
    Jie Jiang, Ming-Hui Yan, Yu-Ying Fan, Jun-E Zhang
    Cancer Nursing.2025; 48(4): E230.     CrossRef
  • A visualized and bibliometric analysis of cancer vocational rehabilitation research using CiteSpace
    Zebing Luo, Xuejia Liu, Chujun Chen
    WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation.2025; 80(2): 567.     CrossRef
  • Supporting Life Adjustment in Patients With Lung Cancer Through a Comprehensive Care Program: Protocol for a Controlled Before-and-After Trial
    Wonyoung Jung, Alice Ahn, Genehee Lee, Sunga Kong, Danbee Kang, Dongok Lee, Tae Eun Kim, Young Mog Shim, Hong Kwan Kim, Jongho Cho, Juhee Cho, Dong Wook Shin
    JMIR Research Protocols.2024; 13: e54707.     CrossRef
  • 8,098 View
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Special Article
Management of Physical Symptoms in Patients with Advanced Cancer during the Last Weeks and Days of Life
Ahsan Azhar, David Hui
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):661-670.   Published online June 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.143
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Patients with advanced cancer are faced with many devastating symptoms in the last weeks and days of life, such as pain, delirium, dyspnea, bronchial hypersecretions (death rattle) and intractable seizures. Symptom management in the last weeks of life can be particularly challenging because of the high prevalence of delirium complicating symptom assessment, high symptom expression secondary to psychosocial and spiritual factors, limited life-expectancy requiring special considerations for prognosis-based decision-making, and distressed caregivers. There is a paucity of research involving patients in the last weeks of life, contributing to substantial variations in clinical practice. In this narrative review, we shall review the existing literature and provide a practical approach to in-patient management of several of the most distressing physical symptoms in the last weeks to days of life.

Citations

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  • Advances in End-of-Life Care in Canada: Implications for Oncology Nursing
    Reanne Booker, Stephanie Lelond, Kalli Stilos
    Current Oncology.2026; 33(1): 38.     CrossRef
  • Agitation and delirium in the last days of life: terminology and management—systematic review and narrative synthesis
    Rebecca A Hatton, Gilli Erez, Miriam J Johnson
    BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care.2026; : spcare-2025-005872.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and influencing factors of end-of-life symptoms among hospital decedents in South Korea: A cross-sectional secondary analysis
    Jooyoung Cheon, Eun Young Choi, Francesco Curcio
    PLOS One.2026; 21(8): e0357041.     CrossRef
  • Nursing Practice for Patients with Cancer Pain with Predicted Prognosis of Months or Weeks: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Japan
    Miharu Morikawa, Masamitsu Kobayashi, Kohei Kajiwara, Kimiko Nakano, Yusuke Kanno, Yoshinobu Matsuda, Jun Kako
    Palliative Medicine Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prognostic factors and nomogram-based survival prediction for patients with terminal-stage cancer: A retrospective study
    Weiwei Gui, Chunhui Ding, Lei Xu, Yizhou Luo, Lingxiang Liu
    Medicine.2025; 104(42): e45262.     CrossRef
  • A qualitative study on the symptom experience and self-management strategies of patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy for esophageal cancer
    Jing Chen, Xiuqin Ren
    Gastrointestinal Tumors.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparing the use of aggressive end-of life care among frail and non-frail patients with cancer using a claims-based frailty index
    Rishi Sachdev, Galen Shearn-Nance, Long Vu, Wyatt P. Bensken, Sara L. Douglas, Siran M. Koroukian, Johnie Rose
    Journal of Geriatric Oncology.2024; 15(2): 101706.     CrossRef
  • 13,720 View
  • 286 Download
  • 8 Web of Science
  • 7 Crossref
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Original Articles
Pediatric cancer
The Efficacy of Alternate Systemic Intravenous Chemotherapy and Intra-arterial Chemotherapy Approach for Eye Globe Salvage in Retinoblastoma
Jung Woo Han, Christopher Seungkyu Lee, Seung Min Hahn, Won Kee Ahn, Hyo Sun Kim, Hyeseon Yun, Sung Chul Lee, Byung Moon Kim, Dong Joon Kim, Chuhl Joo Lyu
Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(1):270-278.   Published online May 24, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1537
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The advances in the treatment of retinoblastoma have enabled salvaging the globe in advanced stages with intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC). We developed a strategy of alternate application of systemic intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) and IAC (referred to as alternate systemic IVC and IAC; ASIAC) to reduce central nervous metastases during IAC and examined its efficacy and safety in eye globe salvage in this study.
Materials and Methods
Between January 2010 and February 2021, 43 eyes of 40 patients received ASIAC treatment for retinoblastoma at the Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System. Their medical records were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the eye salvage rate (ESR), defined from diagnosis to enucleation. High-risk retinoblastoma was defined as group D or E by the International Classification of Retinoblastoma.
Results
The study enrolled 38 and five cases of high-risk and low-risk retinoblastoma, respectively. In total, 178 IAC and 410 IVC courses were administered, with a median of 4 (interquartile range [IQR], 3.0 to 5.0) IAC and 9 (IQR, 6.0 to 11) IVC courses per eye, respectively. The 5-year ESR was 60.4%±8.7% for the whole cohort, 100% for low-risk retinoblastoma, and 53.6%±9.8% for high-risk retinoblastoma. Among those diagnosed since 2015, the 5-year ESR for high-risk retinoblastoma was 63.5%±14.0%. Fifteen eyes underwent enucleation; no viable tumor was found in three enucleated eyes. There were no deaths in this cohort.
Conclusion
Primary IAC-IVC (i.e., ASIAC) for patients with retinoblastoma was tolerable and effective in salvaging the eye and maintaining survival.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Management of Retinoblastoma: A Challenge in Pediatric Ophthalmology
    Claudia Carolina Cruz-Gálvez, Víctor Manuel Villar-Calvo, Juan Carlos Ordaz-Favila, Martha Edith Cancino-Marentes, Ximena García-Vicera, Tannia Isabel Campos-Bayardo, Vanessa Bosch-Canto
    Life.2026; 16(4): 572.     CrossRef
  • Global research trends on intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: A bibliometric and visualized study
    Fabriccio J. Visconti-Lopez, Giancarlo Saal-Zapata
    Medicine.2026; 105(23): e49223.     CrossRef
  • Intra-arterial chemotherapy for unilateral advanced intraocular retinoblastoma: A long-term review of a case series
    Yixiao Li, Minglei Han, Dan Song, Jing Li, Zhuang Liu, Xin Zhang, Liang Wang, Lei Guo
    Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2025; 21(2): 442.     CrossRef
  • Update on Retinoblastoma Therapies
    Cristina A. Martínez Arce, Victor M. Villegas, Maura Di Nicola, Basil K. Williams, Timothy G. Murray
    Medicina.2025; 61(7): 1219.     CrossRef
  • Selective ophthalmic arterial injection using a balloon catheter for retinoblastoma: a seven-year clinical evaluation
    Sota Oguro, Yi Ning Chen, Takashi Yamane, Makoto Mohri, Shigenobu Suzuki
    Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology.2024; 68(4): 346.     CrossRef
  • Hematological Second Primary Malignancy in Pediatric Retinoblastoma: A Case Report and Systematic Review
    Seung Hyun Park, Hyun Young Park, Heejin Kim, Jung Woo Han, Jin Sook Yoon
    Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery.2024; 40(5): 487.     CrossRef
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Sarcoma
Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Clinical Outcome of Localized Liposarcoma: A Single-Center Experience over 25 Years and Evaluation of PD-L1 Expression
Heejung Chae, Jeong Eun Kim, Wanlim Kim, Jong-Seok Lee, Si Yeol Song, Min Hee Lee, Hye Won Chung, Kyung-Ja Cho, Joon Seon Song, Jin-Hee Ahn
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):579-589.   Published online July 6, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.496
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
For liposarcoma (LPS), clinical course and proper treatment strategies have not been well-established. Recently, immune-checkpoint inhibitors have shown potential efficacy in LPS. We aimed to describe the clinical course of LPS and evaluate the clinical impact of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1).
Materials and Methods
We reviewed all consecutive patients (n=332) who underwent curative-intent surgery for localized LPS at Asan Medical Center between 1989 and 2017. PD-L1 testing was performed in well-differentiated and dedifferentiated LPS.
Results
The median age was 56 years with males comprising 60.8%. Abdomen-pelvis (47.6%) and well-differentiated (37.7%) were the most frequent primary site and histologic subtype, respectively. During a median follow-up of 81.2 months, recurrence was observed in 135 (40.7%), and 86.7% (117/135) were loco-regional. Well-differentiated subtype (hazard ratio [HR], 0.38), abdomen-pelvis origin (HR, 2.43), tumor size larger than 5 cm (HR, 1.83), positive resection margin (HR, 2.58), and postoperative radiotherapy (HR, 0.36) were significantly related with recurrence-free survival as well as visceral involvement (HR, 1.84) and multifocality (HR, 3.79) in abdomen-pelvis LPS. PD-L1 was positive in 31.5% (23/73) and 51.3% (39/76) of well-differentiated and dedifferentiated LPS, respectively, but had no impact on survival outcomes.
Conclusion
Clinical course of LPS was heterogeneous according to histology and anatomic location. Clear resection margin was important to lower recurrence and postoperative radiotherapy might have additional benefit. A decent portion of well-differentiated and dedifferentiated LPS were positive for PD-L1, but its prognostic role was unclear. Further research is needed to determine clinical implications of PD-L1, especially for advanced-stage LPS with unmet needs for effective systemic treatment.

Citations

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  • Recurrent Intrathoracic Liposarcoma: A Case Report and a Comprehensive Literature Review of a Rare Clinical Entity
    Vasileios Leivaditis , Manfred Dahm , Athanasios Papatriantafyllou, Hans-Georg Keul, Lydia Kohl, Hans-Joachim Schäfers
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinicopathological Features of Intrathoracic Liposarcoma—A Systematic Review with an Illustrative Case
    Kajetan Kiełbowski, Nikola Ruszel, Seweryn Adam Skrzyniarz, Małgorzata Edyta Wojtyś, Rafał Becht, Konrad Ptaszyński, Darko Gajić, Janusz Wójcik
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(24): 7353.     CrossRef
  • 8,919 View
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Head and Neck cancer
Radiation-Induced Ocular Surface Disorders and Retinopathy: Ocular Structures and Radiation Dose-Volume Effect
Ozlem Ozkaya Akagunduz, Suzan Guven Yilmaz, Emin Tavlayan, Mine Esen Baris, Filiz Afrashi, Mustafa Esassolak
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):417-423.   Published online June 24, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.575
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the radiation-induced adverse effects on ocular structures in head and neck cancer patients and investigate the radiation dose-volume effects on the cornea, lacrimal gland, retina, optic nerve and chiasm.
Materials and Methods
A total of 38 eyes of 19 patients were included in this prospective, cohort study. All patients underwent complete ophthalmological examination in addition to contrast sensitivity, visual field and visual evoked potentials (VEP) tests. Ophthalmological examinations and psychophysical tests were performed in 6th, 12th, 18th, 24th months and in the last visit. The relationship between the ophthalmologic findings, and the radiation doses below and above the cut-off values was evaluated.
Results
Contrast sensitivity decrease and visual field deterioration were observed in 42% of the patients in the last visit (median 26 months) whereas a prolonged latency and decreased amplitude of P100 wave in VEP was observed in 58% and 33% of the eyes, respectively at 24th month. Totally 16 patients (84.2%) developed dry eye disease and eight of them received radiotherapy below tolerance doses and had mild to moderate dry eye findings. Radiation-induced retinopathy was observed in three of the eyes in eight patients who received radiation above tolerance dose.
Conclusion
Head and neck cancers treated with radiotherapy, resulted in various ophthalmic complications. All patients who are treating with radiotherapy should be evaluated by an ophthalmologist in terms of anterior and posterior segment damage, even if the radiation dose is below the tolerance limit.

Citations

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Pediatric cancer
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Childhood Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in Korea: A Nationwide Multicenter Retrospective Study by Korean Pediatric Oncology Study Group
Kyung Mi Park, Keon Hee Yoo, Seong Koo Kim, Jae Wook Lee, Nack-Gyun Chung, Hee Young Ju, Hong Hoe Koo, Chuhl Joo Lyu, Seung Min Han, Jung Woo Han, Jung Yoon Choi, Kyung Taek Hong, Hyoung Jin Kang, Hee Young Shin, Ho Joon Im, Kyung-Nam Koh, Hyery Kim, Hoon Kook, Hee Jo Baek, Bo Ram Kim, Eu Jeen Yang, Jae Young Lim, Eun Sil Park, Eun Jin Choi, Sang Kyu Park, Jae Min Lee, Ye Jee Shim, Ji Yoon Kim, Ji Kyoung Park, Seom Gim Kong, Young Bae Choi, Bin Cho, Young Tak Lim
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):269-276.   Published online April 20, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.313
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a rare disease in children and there are some different characteristics between children and adult. We aimed to evaluate incidence, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of pediatric APL in Korea.
Materials and Methods
Seventy-nine pediatric APL patients diagnosed from January 2009 to December 2016 in 16 tertiary medical centers in Korea were reviewed retrospectively.
Results
Of 801 acute myeloid leukemia children, 79 (9.9%) were diagnosed with APL. The median age at diagnosis was 10.6 years (range, 1.3 to 18.0). Male and female ratio was 1:0.93. Thirty patients (38.0%) had white blood cell (WBC) count greater than 10×109/L at diagnosis. All patients received induction therapy consisting of all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy. Five patients (6.6%) died during induction chemotherapy and 66 patients (86.8%) achieved complete remission (CR) after induction chemotherapy. The causes of death were three intracranial hemorrhage, one cerebral infarction, and one sepsis. Five patients (7.1%) suffered a relapse during or after maintenance chemotherapy. The estimated 4-year event-free survival and overall survival (OS) rates were 82.1%±4.4%, 89.7%±5.1%, respectively. The 4-year OS was significantly higher in patients with initial WBC < 10×109/L than in those with initial WBC ≥ 10×109/L (p=0.020).
Conclusion
This study showed that the CR rates and survival outcomes in Korean pediatric APL patients were relatively good. The initial WBC count was the most important prognostic factor and most causes of death were related to serious bleeding in the early stage of treatment.

Citations

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  • 247 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
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Children’s Hepatic Tumors International Collaboration-Hepatoblastoma Stratification (CHIC-HS) System for Pediatric Patients with Hepatoblastoma: A Retrospective, Hospital-Based Cohort Study in South Korea
Pyeong Hwa Kim, Hyun Joo Shin, Hee Mang Yoon, Young Hun Choi, Jung-Man Namgoong, Dae Yeon Kim, Kyung-Nam Koh, Mi-Jung Lee, Haesung Yoon, Chuhl Joo Lyu, Jung Woo Han, Seung Min Hahn, Young Ah Cho
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):253-258.   Published online March 24, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.265
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
In 2017, the Children’s Hepatic Tumors International Collaboration-Hepatoblastoma Stratification (CHIC-HS) system was introduced. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of CHIC-HS System for the prediction of event-free survival (EFS) in Korean pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma.
Materials and Methods
This two-center retrospective study included consecutive Korean pediatric patients with histopathologically confirmed hepatoblastoma from March 1988 through September 2019. We compared EFS among four risk groups according to the CHIC-HS system. Discriminatory ability of CHIC-HS system was also evaluated using optimism-corrected C-statistics. Factors associated with EFS were explored using multivariable Cox regression analysis.
Results
We included 129 patients (mean age, 2.6±3.3 years; female:male, 63:66). The 5-year EFS rates in the very low, low, intermediate, and high-risk groups, according to the CHIC-HS system were 90.0%, 82.8%, 73.5%, and 51.3%, respectively. The CHIC-HS system aligned significantly well with EFS outcomes (p=0.004). The optimism-corrected C index of CHIC-HS was 0.644 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.561 to 0.727). Age ≥ 8 (vs. age ≤ 2; hazard ratio [HR], 2.781; 95% CI, 1.187 to 6.512; p=0.018), PRE-Treatment EXTent of tumor (PRETEXT) stage IV (vs. PRETEXT I or II; HR, 2.774; 95% CI, 1.228 to 5.974; p=0.009), and presence of metastasis (HR, 2.886; 95% CI, 1.457 to 5.719; p=0.002), which are incorporated as the first three nodes in the CHIC-HS system, were independently associated with EFS.
Conclusion
The CHIC-HS system aligned significantly well with EFS outcomes in Korean pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma. Age group, PRETEXT stage, and presence of metastasis were independently associated with EFS.

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    Jianfeng Luo, Kaikun Huang, Le Zheng, Long Li
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    Kalyani R. Patel, Martin Urbicain, Stephen F. Sarabia, Cintia R. Perez, Angela M. Major, Kevin E. Fisher, Angshumoy Roy, Frederic Askin, Andras Heczey, Andres F. Espinoza, Sanjeev A. Vasudevan, Pavel Sumazin, Dolores H. Lopez-Terrada
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Case Report
Philadelphia+ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with CALR Mutation: A Case Report and Literature Review
Seug Yun Yoon, Sun Young Jeong, Changgon Kim, Min-Young Lee, Jieun Kim, Kyoung-Ha Kim, Namsu Lee, Jong-Ho Won
Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(3):987-991.   Published online January 15, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.703
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are classified as chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome-negative MPN. In MPN cases, the presence of a BCR-ABL1 translocation with a coexisting mutation is exceptionally rare. Herein, we report the first documented patient with CML harboring CALR mutation in Korea. A 33-year-old woman was referred to our hospital in February 2015 with splenomegaly, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis. She was diagnosed with CML and started receiving nilotinib. In October 2015, a major molecular response was observed, but thrombocytosis persisted. A repeat bone marrow (BM) examination revealed no specific findings. However, as thrombocytosis worsened, we changed nilotinib to dasatinib. In May 2019, owing to persistent thrombocytosis, we repeated the BM examination and found CALR mutation (15.97%) on the MPN–next generation sequencing (NGS) test. We then retrospectively performed repeat MPN-NGS testing using the BM aspirate sample obtained in 2015 and found CALR mutation (10.64%).

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  • Myeloproliferative neoplasms with concomitant chronic myeloid leukemia are associated with TKI resistance and poor outcomes
    Laura Li Gagnon, Andrea Duminuco, Fabio Stagno, Marta Sobas, Mikhail Fominykh, Andres Virchis, Franck-Emmanuel Nicolini, Julie Hildt, Helen Bentley, Anna L. Godfrey, Lee-Yung Shih, Ashlyn Chee, Adam Mead, Krzysztof Lewandowski, Patryk Sobieralski, Guy Han
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    Haili Geng, Zhengjin Zheng, Shaoyuan Wang
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    Sophie Combaluzier, Julie Quessada, Norman Abbou, Robin Arcani, Antoine Tichadou, Jean Gabert, Régis Costello, Marie Loosveld, Geoffroy Venton, Yaël Berda-Haddad
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  • 261 Download
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Original Articles
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Pediatric Patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in East Asia
Jin Kyung Suh, Yi-Jin Gao, Jing-Yan Tang, Shiann-Tarng Jou, Dong-Tsamn Lin, Yoshiyuki Takahashi, Seiji Kojima, Ling Jin, Yonghong Zhang, Jong Jin Seo
Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(2):359-368.   Published online July 29, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.219
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The presentations and geographic incidence of pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) differ from those of adults. This study delineated the characteristics and outcomes of pediatric NHL in East Asia.
Materials and Methods
Medical records of 749 pediatric patients with NHL treated at participating institutions in mainland China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan from January 2008 to December 2013 were reviewed. Demographic and clinical features, survival outcomes, and putative prognostic factors were analyzed.
Results
Five hundred thirty patients (71%) were male. The most common pathologic subtypes were Burkitt lymphoma (BL) (36%). Six hundred seven patients (81%) had advanced diseases at diagnosis. The 5-year overall survival and event-free survival (EFS) rates were 89% and 84%. The 5-year EFS rates of BL, lymphoblastic lymphoma, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma were 88%, 88%, and 89%, and those of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) were 71% and 56% (p < 0.001). Central nervous system involvement, high lactate dehydrogenase level (> 250 IU/mL), and advanced disease at diagnosis (≥ stage III) were associated with poor outcomes (p < 0.05). ALCL and PTCL relapsed more frequently than other pathologic subtypes (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
In East Asia, PTCL was more frequent than in Western countries, and bone marrow involvement did not affect treatment outcome. This international study should motivate future collaborative study on NHL in East Asia.

Citations

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    M Vinodhini, Roy Partha Sarathi, Iqbal Asif, Samba Siva Rao Pasupuleti, Hazarika Munlima
    Indian Journal of Hematology and Blood Transfusion.2026; 42(3): 797.     CrossRef
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    Xiaohui Mo, Xin Bing, Lei Hua, Chengyin Xu, Ruijiao Lei, Xukai Chen, Yang Song, Tianhui Chen
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    Sang Hyun Hwang, Won Kee Ahn, Hojin Cho, Hae Won Lee, Jung Woo Han, Seung Min Hahn, Won Jun Kang
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    Perez K. Olewe, Shehu Shagari Awandu, Elly O. Munde, Samuel B. Anyona, Evans Raballah, Asito S. Amolo, Sidney Ogola, Erick Ndenga, Clinton O. Onyango, Rosemary Rochford, Douglas J. Perkins, Collins Ouma
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    Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Identification of Significant Prognostic Tissue Markers Associated with Survival in Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Patients Treated with Radical Nephroureterectomy: A Retrospective Immunohistochemical Analysis Using Tissue Microarray
Sung Han Kim, Weon Seo Park, Boram Park, Jinsoo Chung, Jae Young Joung, Kang Hyun Lee, Ho Kyung Seo
Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(1):128-138.   Published online June 19, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.119
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify prognostic tissue markers for several survival outcomes after radical nephroureterectomy among patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry.
Materials and Methods
Retrospectively, data of 162 non-metastatic patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma after radical nephroureterectomy between 2004 and 2016 were reviewed to determine intravesical recurrence-free survival (IVRFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). The expression of 27 tissue markers on a tissue microarray of radical nephroureterectomy samples and prognostic values of clinicopathological parameters were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and Cox proportional hazard models after adjusting for significant prognostic clinicopathological variables. The expression of all tissue markers was categorized into a binary group with continuous H-scores (0-300).
Results
Median follow-up was 53.4 months (range, 3.6 to 176.5 months); and, 58 (35.8%), 48 (29.6%), and 19 (11.7%) bladder recurrence, disease progression, and all cause death, respectively, were identified. After adjusting for significant clinicopathological factors including intravesical instillation for bladder recurrence-free survival, pathologic T category and intravesical instillation for disease progression-free survival , and pathologic T category for OS (p < 0.05), IVRFS was associated with epithelial cadherin (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49), epidermal growth factor receptor/erythroblastosis oncogene B (c-erb) (HR, 2.59), and retinoblastoma protein loss (HR, 1.85); DFS was associated with cyclin D1 (HR, 2.16) and high-molecular-weight cytokeratin (HR, 0.42); OS was associated with E-cadherin (HR, 0.34) and programmed cell death 1 ligand (HR, 13.42) (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Several significant tissue markers were associated with survival outcomes in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy.

Citations

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  • A multi‐institutional retrospective study of open versus laparoscopic nephroureterectomy focused on the intravesical recurrence
    Soichiro Shimura, Kazumasa Matsumoto, Masaomi Ikeda, Shigenori Moroo, Dai Koguchi, Yoshinori Taoka, Takahiro Hirayama, Yasukiyo Murakami, Takuji Utsunomiya, Daisuke Matsuda, Norihiko Okuno, Akira Irie, Masatsugu Iwamura
    Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology.2023; 19(1): 71.     CrossRef
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    Giulia Mazzaschi, Giulia Claire Giudice, Matilde Corianò, Davide Campobasso, Fabiana Perrone, Michele Maffezzoli, Irene Testi, Luca Isella, Umberto Maestroni, Sebastiano Buti
    Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Luca Campedel, Eva Compérat, Géraldine Cancel‐Tassin, Justine Varinot, Christian Pfister, Clara Delcourt, Françoise Gobet, Mathieu Roumiguié, Pierre‐Marie Patard, Gwendoline Daniel, Pierre Bigot, Julie Carrouget, Caroline Eymerit, Stéphane Larré, Priscill
    BJU International.2023; 132(5): 581.     CrossRef
  • The Prevalence and Prognostic Role of PD-L1 in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Patients Underwent Radical Nephroureterectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Yi Lu, Jiaqi Kang, Zhiwen Luo, Yuxuan Song, Jia Tian, Zhongjia Li, Xiao Wang, Li Liu, Yongjiao Yang, Xiaoqiang Liu
    Frontiers in Oncology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 145 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
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Atezolizumab in Patients with Pretreated Urothelial Cancer: a Korean Single-Center, Retrospective Study
Joon Young Hur, Youjin Kim, Ghee-Young Kwon, Minyong Kang, Hyun Hwan Sung, Hwang Gyun Jeon, Byong Chang Jeong, Seong Il Seo, Seong Soo Jeon, Hyun Moo Lee, Su Jin Lee, Se Hoon Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1269-1274.   Published online January 9, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.604
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Treatment targeting immune checkpoint with programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors has demonstrated efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). We investigated the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab in mUC patients who failed platinum-based chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
A retrospective study using the Samsung Medical Center cancer chemotherapy registry was performed on 50 consecutive patients with mUC treated with atezolizumab, regardless of their PD-L1(SP142) status, as salvage therapy after chemotherapy failure between May 2017 and June 2018. Endpoints included overall response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety.
Results
Among 50 patients, men constituted 76% and the median age was 68 years (range, 46 to 82 years). Twenty-three patients (46%) received atezolizumab as second-line therapy. PD-L1 (SP142) status IC0/1 and IC2/3 were found in 21 (42%) and 21 (42%) of patients, respectively; in eight patients (16%), PD-L1 (SP142) expression was not available. Atezolizumab was generally well tolerated, with pruritus and fatigue being the most commonly observed toxicities. As a result, partial response was noted in 20 patients (40%), with 12 (24%) stable diseases. RRwas higherin IC2/3 (62%) than in IC0/1 patients (24%, p=0.013). The median PFS was 7.4 months (95% confidence interval, 3.4 to 11.4 months). As expected, PFS also was significantly longer in IC2/3 patients than in IC0/1 (median, 12.7 vs. 2.1 months; p=0.005). PFS was not significantly influenced by age, sex, performance status, number of previous chemotherapy, site of metastases, or any of the baseline laboratory parameters.
Conclusion
In this retrospective study, atezolizumab demonstrated clinically efficacy and tolerability in unselected mUC patients who failed platinum-based chemotherapy.

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    Rocío Díaz Acedo, Mercedes Galvan Banqueri, Silvia Artacho Criado, Eva María Fernández Parra, Rocío Jiménez Galán, Ana Isabel Gago Sánchez, Juan Francisco Marín Pozo, María José Martínez Bautista
    International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy.2024; 46(2): 382.     CrossRef
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    Joohyun Hong, Hyun Hwan Sung, Byong Chang Jeong, Se Hoon Park
    Biomedicines.2022; 10(8): 2005.     CrossRef
  • Systemic treatment for advanced urothelial cancer: an update on recent clinical trials and current treatment options
    Inkeun Park, Jae Lyun Lee
    The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2020; 35(4): 834.     CrossRef
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  • 286 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
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Laparoscopy versus Open Nephroureterectomy in Prognostic Outcome of Patients with Advanced Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer: A Retrospective, Multicenter, Propensity-Score Matching Analysis
Sung Han Kim, Mi Kyung Song, Jung Kwon Kim, Bumsik Hong, Seok Ho Kang, Ja Hyeon Ku, Byong Chang Jeong, Ho Kyung Seo, On behalf of Urothelial Cancer-Advanced Research and Treatment (UCART) Study Group
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):963-972.   Published online October 12, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.465
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare oncologic outcomes between open nephroureterectomy (ONU) and laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (LNU) in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma.
Materials and Methods
The medical records of consecutive ONU and LNU cases from five tertiary institutions were retrospectively analyzed between 2000 and 2012. The propensity-score matching methodology was used to compare the two surgical approaches in terms of age, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, tumor location, grade, pathologic T and N categories, the presence of lymphovascular invasion, and follow-up duration. The Kaplan-Meier with log-rank tests and clustered Cox regression were used to compare the estimated rates of survival for each surgical approach and to investigate the effect of the surgical approach on each prognostic outcome.
Results
Six hundred thirty-eight propensity-score matching pairs (n=1,276) were compared; LNU was significantly better than ONU in all types of survival, including intravesical recurrencefree survival (IVRFS), disease-free survival, overall survival (OS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (p < 0.05). The 3-year OS and CSS rates were significantly higher with LNU than with ONU (p < 0.05). Compared with ONU, LNU had significantly better 3-year OS and CSS rates (82.9% and 86.2% vs. 78.3% and 81.8%); there were no differences at 5 years. In subgroup analysis of the early-staged group, advanced-stage group, lymph node–positive group, and lymph node–negative group, the two approaches did not significantly affect prognostic outcomes, except LNU improved the IVRFS in the lymph node–negative or no history of previous bladder cancer group.
Conclusion
LNU had a significantly better prognostic outcome than ONU after propensity-score matching.

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    Abdalla Ali Deb, Naufal Naushad, Mohammed Abuzenada, Hosam Serag, Mohammed Alrashdi, Archie Hughes-Hallett, Jang Hee Han, Amr M. Emara, Chang Wook Jeong
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    Anosh Dadabhoy, Michael Basin, Kanha Shete, Hooman Djaladat
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    Huan Wen, Yu Zhou, Lin Yang
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    Shidong Deng, Lingzhi Liu, Yurou Wang, Chuan Zhou, Huihui Zhang
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    Ichiro Tsuboi, Akihiro Matsukawa, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Jakob Klemm, Robert J Schulz, Anna Cadenar, Stefano Mancon, Sever Chiujdea, Tamás Fazekas, Marcin Miszczyk, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Kensuke Bekku, Koi
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    Hoyoung Bae, Jae Hoon Chung, Wan Song, Minyong Kang, Hwang Gyun Jeon, Byong Chang Jeong, Seong Il Seo, Seong Soo Jeon, Hyun Moo Lee, Hyun Hwan Sung
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    Radosław Piszczek, Łukasz Nowak, Wojciech Krajewski, Joanna Chorbińska, Sławomir Poletajew, Marco Moschini, Krzysztof Kaliszewski, Romuald Zdrojowy
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Gemcitabine and Docetaxel Combination for Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma: A Nationwide Retrospective Study
Yunjung Choi, Mi Sun Yun, Sang Hee Lim, Jeeyun Lee, Jin-Hee Ahn, Yu Jung Kim, Kyong Hwa Park, Young Suk Park, Ho Yeong Lim, Hyonggin An, Dong-Churl Suh, Yeul Hong Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(1):175-182.   Published online March 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.535
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
This nationwide retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined gemcitabine and docetaxel (GD) as an off-label therapy for advanced soft tissue sarcoma, which has limited treatment options owing to its rare occurrence.
Materials and Methods
A total of 228 patients received GD therapy for advanced soft tissue sarcoma from 2009 to 2014 in Korea. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical medical records and claims data of these patients.
Results
A total of 218 patients in 20 medical centers were included in the final analysis (median age, 50.0 years). The objective response rate was 15.1% (34/218, in the leiomyosarcoma subgroup; 26.3%). The median overall survival and progression-free survival were 10.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.4 to 12.2) and 3.3 months (95% CI, 2.8 to 4.7), respectively. The treatment was discontinued in 7.8% of patients owing to adverse events; however, there was no adverse event-related death. Neutropenia (35.7%) and anemia (15.1%) were the most frequent grade 3/4 toxicities. Univariate analysis for identifying the predictors of the progression-free survival period revealed that patients aged ≤ 50 years had a hazard ratio of 1.388 (95% CI, 1.027 to 1.875; p < 0.05) relative to those aged > 50 years, and the group with leiomyosarcoma had a hazard ratio of 0.693 (95% CI, 0.493 to 0.975; p < 0.05) relative to the group with other histopathological subtypes.
Conclusion
GD therapy was tolerable and effective for Korean patients with soft tissue sarcoma. In conclusion, for patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma, especially leiomyosarcoma, GD therapy could be an important therapeutic option.

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The Clinical Significance of Occult Gastrointestinal Primary Tumours in Metastatic Cancer: A Population Retrospective Cohort Study
Malek B. Hannouf, Eric Winquist, Salaheddin M. Mahmud, Muriel Brackstone, Sisira Sarma, George Rodrigues, Peter K. Rogan, Jeffrey S. Hoch, Gregory S. Zaric
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(1):183-194.   Published online March 21, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.532
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of occult gastrointestinal (GI) primary tumours in patients with metastatic cancer of uncertain primary origin and evaluate their influence on treatments and overall survival (OS).
Materials and Methods
We used population heath data from Manitoba, Canada to identify all patients initially diagnosed with metastatic cancer between 2002 and 2011. We defined patients to have “occult” primary tumour if the primary was found at least 6 months after initial diagnosis. Otherwise, we considered primary tumours as “obvious.” We used propensity-score methods to match each patient with occult GI tumour to four patients with obvious GI tumour on all known clinicopathologic features. We compared treatments and 2-year survival data between the two patient groups and assessed treatment effect on OS using Cox regression adjustment.
Results
Eighty-three patients had occult GI primary tumours, accounting for 17.6% of men and 14% of women with metastatic cancer of uncertain primary. A 1:4 matching created a matched group of 332 patients with obvious GI primary tumour. Occult cases compared to the matched group were less likely to receive surgical interventions and targeted biological therapy, and more likely to receive cytotoxic empiric chemotherapeutic agents. Having an occult GI tumour was associated with reduced OS and appeared to be a nonsignificant independent predictor of OS when adjusting for treatment differences.
Conclusion
GI tumours are the most common occult primary tumours in men and the second most common in women. Patients with occult GI primary tumours are potentially being undertreated with available GI site-specific and targeted therapies.

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    PharmacoEconomics - Open.2018; 2(3): 255.     CrossRef
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Predictors of Distant Metastasis after Radical Surgery Followed by Postoperative Radiotherapy with or without Chemotherapy for Oropharyngeal Cancer
Mi Joo Chung, Yeon Sil Kim, Ji Yoon Kim, Yun Hee Lee, Ji Hyun Jang, Jin Hyoung Kang, Ie Ryung Yoo, Youn Soo Lee
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(4):1167-1176.   Published online March 3, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.379
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
We investigated the prognostic factors for distant metastasis (DM) in patients with locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) treated with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
Eighty-five patients treated between January 1995 and August 2014 were evaluated retrospectively. Data regarding the pathological tumour and nodal status, human papillomavirus (HPV) status, treatment characteristics, and pretreatment maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography scan (18F-FDG PET-CT) were evaluated, and their influence on DM and survival outcomes were analyzed.
Results
Median follow-up period was 48.0 months. Recurrence was observed in 20 patients, including locoregional recurrence and DM. DM was observed in 13 patients. A multivariate analysis confirmed that the presence of lymphovascular invasion (p=0.031), lower neck lymph node (LN) involvement (p=0.006), SUVmax ≥ 9.7 (p=0.014), and tumour size ≥ 3 cm (p=0.037) significantly affected DM. HPV status was not associated with DM. Perineural invasion (p=0.048), lower neck LNinvolvement (p=0.008), SUVmax ≥ 9.7 (p=0.019), and tumour size ≥ 3 cm (p=0.033) were also significant factors for the DM-free survival rate.
Conclusion
Lower neck LN involvement, high SUVmax in pretreatment 18F-FDG PET-CT, and large tumour size were predictive factors for DM in patients of OPC.

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    Beatrice Chia-Hui Shih, Woohyun Jung, Jeong Hoon Lee, Jae Hyun Jeon, Sukki Cho, Jin-Haeng Chung, Kwhanmien Kim, Sanghoon Jheon
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Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiation Therapy in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: A New Challenge
Pierina Navarria, Anna Maria Ascolese, Stefano Tomatis, Giacomo Reggiori, Elena Clerici, Elisa Villa, Giulia Maggi, Lorenzo Bello, Federico Pessina, Luca Cozzi, Marta Scorsetti
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):37-44.   Published online February 23, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.259
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes of hypofractionated-stereotactic-radiationtherapy (HSRT) in patients re-treated for recurrent high-grade glioma. Materials and Methods From January 2006 to September 2013, 25 patients were treated. Six patients underwent radiation therapy alone, while 19 underwent combined treatment with surgery and/or chemotherapy. Only patients with Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) > 70 and time from previous radiotherapy greater than 6 months were re-irradiated. The mean recurrent tumor volume was 35 cm3 (range, 2.46 to 116.7 cm3), and most of the patients (84%) were treated with a total dose of 25 Gy in five fractions (range, 20 to 50 Gy in 5-10 fractions).
Results
The median follow-up was 18 months (range, 4 to 36 months). The progression-free survival (PFS) at 1 and 2 years was 72% and 34% and the overall survival (OS) 76% and 50%, respectively. No severe toxicity was recorded. In univariate and multivariate analysis extent of resection at diagnosis significantly influenced PFS and OS (p < 0.01). Patients with smaller recurren tumor volume treated had better local control and survival. Indeed, the 2-year PFS was 40% (≤ 50 cm3) versus 11% (p=0.1) and the 2-year OS 56% versus 33% (> 50 cm3), respectively (p=0.26). Conclusion In our experience, HSRT could be a safe and feasible therapeutic option for recurrent high grade glioma even in patients with larger tumors. We believe that a multidisciplinary evaluation is mandatory to assure the best treatment for selected patients. Local treatment should also be considered as part of an integrated approach.

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Case Report
HPV-Related Retroperitoneal Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary: A Case Report
Hyun Jin Oh, Eun Hye Park, Yeong Bok Lee, Jooyeun Hu, Guk Jin Lee, Sang Hoon Chun, Mi Yeong Lee, Dae Woo Lee, Jeana Kim, Jong-Youl Jin
Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):954-957.   Published online February 17, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.111
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
A 56-year-old female was referred to our hospital due to a mass measuring 5 cm in size in the left pelvic cavity, which was found incidentally during a health examination by ultrasonography. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and the mass was located at the left retroperitoneal parametrium without invasion of the uterus and ovary. The pathology report confirmed squamous cell carcinoma. Even after further studies, we did not find any other primary lesion. Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA chip test (HPV 9G DNA Membrane Kit, Biometrixtechnology Inc.) showed that the surgical specimen was positive for HPV 18. She received adjuvant chemotherapy and would receive radiation therapy for the possibility of occult gynecologic cancer. Retroperitoneal squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary is extremely rare and little is known about it. It is reported that HPV may be associated with the disease. Hence, the result of HPV test could have an impact on finding a suspicious primary lesion and treatment modality in this case.

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Original Articles
GRP78 Protein Expression as Prognostic Values in Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy and Laparoscopic Surgery for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Hee Yeon Lee, Ji-Han Jung, Hyun-Min Cho, Sung Hwan Kim, Kang-Moon Lee, Hyung-Jin Kim, Jong Hoon Lee, Byoung Yong Shim
Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):804-812.   Published online January 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.121
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
We investigated the relationships between biomarkers related to endoplasmic reticulum stress proteins (glucose-regulated protein of molecular mass 78 [GRP78] and Cripto-1 [teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 protein]), pathologic response, and prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer. Materials and Methods All clinical stage II and III rectal cancer patients received 50.4 Gy over 5.5 weeks, plus 5- fluorouracil (400 mg/m2/day) and leucovorin (20 mg/m2/day) bolus on days 1 to 5 and 29 to 33, and surgery was performed at 7 to 10 weeks after completion of all therapies. Expression of GRP78 and Cripto-1 proteins was determined by immunohistochemistry and was assessed in 101 patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT).
Results
High expression of GRP78 and Cripto-1 proteins was observed in 86 patients (85.1%) and 49 patients (48.5%), respectively. Low expression of GRP78 protein was associated with a significantly high rate of down staging (80.0% vs. 52.3%, respectively; p=0.046) and a significantly low rate of recurrence (0% vs. 33.7%, respectively; p=0.008) compared with high expression of GRP78 protein. Mean recurrence-free survival according to GRP78 expression could not be estimated because the low expression group did not develop recurrence events but showed a significant correlation with time to recurrence, based on the log rank method (p=0.007). GRP78 also showed correlation with overall survival, based on the log rank method (p=0.045). Conclusion GRP78 expression is a predictive and prognostic factor for down staging, recurrence, and survival in rectal cancer patients treated with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin neoadjuvant CRT.

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Prognostic Significance of Retroperitoneal Lymphadenectomy, Preoperative Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio in Primary Fallopian Tube Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study
Kemal Gungorduk, Ibrahim E. Ertas, Aykut Ozdemir, Emrah Akkaya, Elcin Telli, Salih Taskin, Mehmet Gokcu, Ahmet Baris Guzel, Tufan Oge, Levent Akman, Tayfun Toptas, Ulas Solmaz, Askın Dogan, Mustafa Cosan Terek, Muzaffer Sanci, Aydin Ozsaran, Tayup Simsek, Mehmet Ali Vardar, Omer Tarik Yalcin, Sinan Ozalp, Yusuf Yildirim, Firat Ortac
Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(3):480-488.   Published online November 17, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.058
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic role of preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the need for para-aortic lymphadectomy in patients with primary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC). Materials and Methods Ninety-one patients with a diagnosis of PFTC were identified through the gynecologic oncology service database of six academic centers. Clinicopathological, surgical, and complete blood count data were collected. Results In univariate analysis, advanced stage, suboptimal surgery, and NLR > 2.7 were significant prognostic factors for progression-free survival, whereas in multivariate analysis, only advanced stage and suboptimal surgery were significant. In addition, in univariate analysis, cancer antigen 125 ≥ 35 m/IU, ascites, advanced stage, suboptimal surgery, NLR > 2.7, PLR > 233.3, platelet count ≥ 400,000 cells/mm3, staging type, and histological subtype were significant prognostic factors for overall survival (OS); however, in multivariate analysis, only advanced stage, suboptimal surgery, NLR > 2.7, and staging type were significant. Inclusion of pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy in surgery showed significant association with longer OS, with a mean and median OS of 42.0 months and 35.5 months (range, 22 to 78 months), respectively, vs. 33.5 months and 27.5 months (range, 14 to 76 months), respectively, for patients who underwent surgery without para-aortic lymphadenectomy (hazard ratio, 3.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.4 to 5.7; p=0.002). Conclusion NLR (in both univariate and multivariate analysis) and PLR (only in univariate analysis) were prognostic factors in PFTC. NLR and PLR are inexpensive and easy tests to perform. In addition, patients with PFTC who underwent bilateral pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy had longer OS.

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Blockade of Autophagy Aggravates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Improves Paclitaxel Cytotoxicity in Human Cervical Cancer Cells
Li Xu, Jing-Hua Liu, Jing Zhang, Na Zhang, Zan-Hong Wang
Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(2):313-321.   Published online September 11, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.222
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Autophagy is one of the ways to degrade unfolded proteins after endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The purpose of this study is to determine whether a blockade of autophagy leads to aggravated endoplasmic reticulum stress, which then induces cells apoptosis in HeLa cells treated with paclitaxel.
Materials and Methods
Autophagy activation and the proapoptotic effects were characterized using monodansylcadaverine labeling and Hoechest staining, respectively. A Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of apoptotic and autophagy-related genes. A flow cytometry was used to assess the cell apoptosis ratio.
Results
Paclitaxel exposure induced the aggregation of autophagosomes in the cytoplasms of cervical cancer HeLa cells. The expression of Beclin 1 and LC3 II were upregulated, but p62 was downregulated, which suggests that autophagy was promoted by paclitaxel. On the other hand, the expression of GRP78 obviously increased, suggesting that ER stress was induced after paclitaxel treatment. The cell proliferation assay indicated that a knockdown of Beclin 1 sensitized HeLa cells to paclitaxel. Furthermore, paclitaxel-mediated apoptotic cell death was further potentiated by the pretreatment with autophagy inhibitor chloroquine or small interfering RNA against Beclin 1. These results suggest that an induction of autophagy by paclitaxel may induce cell survival rather than cell death in HeLa cells; moreover, inhibition of autophagy led to an aggravated ER stress and an induction of downstream apoptosis.
Conclusion
Our results reveal autophagy induced by paclitaxel conferred protection of tumor cells against apoptosis, and blockade of autophagy subsequently aggravated ER stress, enhancing the apoptosis associated with paclitaxel treatment in HeLa cells.

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Src Family Kinase Inhibitor PP2 Has Different Effects on All-Trans-Retinoic Acid or Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Differentiation of an Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line
Suk-Gu Yoon, Hee-Jeong Cheong, Sook-Ja Kim, Kyoung Ha Kim, Sang-Cheol Lee, Namsu Lee, Hee Sook Park, Jong-Ho Won
Cancer Res Treat. 2013;45(2):126-133.   Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.45.2.126
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
PURPOSE
Leukemic promyelocytes have the unique ability to undergo differentiation after exposure to retinoic acid and both differentiation and apoptosis after exposure to arsenic trioxide (ATO). Recent studies have shown that inhibition of Src family kinases (SFKs) resulted in enhancement of retinoic acid-induced myeloid differentiation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this study, we investigated the question of whether the SFK inhibitor PP2 enhanced the differentiation of NB4 cells when combined with ATO as well as when combined with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). In addition, we attempted to determine the difference in retinoic acid-induced gene expression between cells treated with PP2 in combination with ATRA and in combination with ATO.
RESULTS
SFK inhibitor PP2 induced significant enhancement of ATRA- or ATO-induced differentiation of NB4 cells. A significantly stronger synergistic effect was observed when PP2 was combined with ATRA than when combined with ATO. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated a significant increase in CD11b-positive granulocytes up to 60.73% and 31.58%, respectively. These results were confirmed by nitroblue tetrazolium staining. These effects were not related to apoptosis. Results of Annexin-V-fluorescein staining revealed that PP2 combined with ATRA or PP2 combined with ATO did not induce apoptosis in NB4 cells. Retinoic acid-induced gene expression was different in both groups. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression showed a significant increase in cells treated with PP2 in combination with ATRA, whereas cathepsin D expression showed a significant increase in cells treated with PP2 in combination with ATO.
CONCLUSION
Our data showed that SFK inhibitor PP2 enhanced acute promyelocytic leukemia cell differentiation when combined with either ATRA or ATO with difference in activation of retinoic acid-induced genes.

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    Oncotarget.2015; 6(18): 15752.     CrossRef
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    Yun Seok Jung, Hee-Jeong Cheong, Sook-Ja Kim, Kyoung Ha Kim, Namsu Lee, Hee Sook Park, Jong-Ho Won
    Leukemia Research.2014; 38(8): 977.     CrossRef
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Case Report
A Case of Erdheim-Chester Disease with Asymptomatic Renal Involvement
Hyun Jung Lee, Kyoung Yul Lee, Dong-Yeop Shin, Yun Gyoo Lee, Se Youn Choi, Kyung Chul Moon, Il-Kyu Han, Tae Min Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2012;44(2):146-150.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2012.44.2.146
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Erdheim-Chester disease is a rare non-Langerhans-cell histiocytosis involving bones and multiple organs. Its clinical course can vary, from an asymptomatic state to a fatal disease, with renal involvement being a common cause of death. A 41-year-old man presented with a 10-month history of bilateral lower limb pain. Left perirenal soft-tissue infiltration had been found incidentally two years earlier. No progression of the lesion or deterioration of renal function was observed for a period of two years. At admission, plain radiography and magnetic resonance imaging of the patient's lower limbs showed patchy osteosclerosis. Biopsy of the tibia revealed histiocytic infiltration, which was found to be positive for CD68 and negative for CD1a. This report describes an unusual case of Erdheim-Chester disease involving a stationary course of disease with no specific treatment for a long period of time.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    Mohammad Rahimi, Alireza Ghanadan, Nooshin Shirzad, Mehrnaz Doostmohammadi, Mahboobeh Hemmatabadi
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    Skeletal Radiology.2025; 54(7): 1441.     CrossRef
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    Hyuk Gi Hong, Yong Eun Chung, June Park, Yeo Eun Kim
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    A. S. Krylov, A. D. Ryzhkov, A. A. Odzharova, Ya. A. Shchipakhina, E. E. Stanyakina, A. A. Martinovich, K. D. Ilkaev, A. M. Stroganova, S. L. Dranko, O. P. Bliznyukovv, A. V. Kuzin, P. A. Zeynalova, A. A. Semenova, M. B. Dolgushin
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    Jonghyun Byeon, Kyung Ah Kim, Seong Su Hwang, Soo Youn Park, Hyun A Kim
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    Daniel A. Yelfimov, Deborah J. Lightner, Matthew K. Tollefson
    Urology.2014; 84(1): 218.     CrossRef
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    Roei D Mazor, Mirra Manevich-Mazor, Anat Kesler, Orna Aizenstein, Iris Eshed, Ronald Jaffe, Yakov Pessach, Ilan Goldberg, Eli Sprecher, Iris Yaish, Alexander Gural, Chezi Ganzel, Yehuda Shoenfeld
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  • Reply to Commentary on "A Case of Erdheim-Chester Disease with Asymptomatic Renal Involvement"
    Hyun Jung Lee, Tae Min Kim
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2012; 44(4): 280.     CrossRef
  • Commentary on "A Case of Erdheim-Chester Disease with Asymptomatic Renal Involvement"
    Gioacchino Li Cavoli
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2012; 44(4): 279.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
Prognostic Role of Rb, p16, Cyclin D1 Proteins in Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Byoung Yong Shim, Jinyoung Yoo, Yeon-Soo Lee, Young Sun Hong, Hoon-Kyo Kim, Jin-Hyoung Kang
Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(3):144-150.   Published online September 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.3.144
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

The aim of this study was to determine the expressions of Rb, p16, and cyclin D1 in soft tissue sarcomas, and we also wanted to identify the prognostic factors according to the clinicalpathologic features.

Materials and Methods

We reviewed the charts and radiographic films of 66 sarcoma patients. Tissue samples were collected from these patients. Immunochemistry was performed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples to examine the expressions of p16, Rb, and cyclin D1 proteins.

Results

The median duration of overall survival was 47.8 months (range, 20.0 to 70.7 months) and the 5 years survival rate was 39%. As for the correlation between the degree of immunohistochemical staining for Rb protein and the histological tumor grades, there was a significant difference with a p-value of 0.019. However, no significant correlation was shown for p16 and cyclin D1. The overall survival duration of the Rb negative group (staining cell <20%) and the heterogeneous group (cell staining 20 to 80%) was 53.5±6.6 months and the overall survival duration of the Rb homogeneous group was 18.3±6.4 months, and there was a significant difference with a p-value of 0.016. However, no significant difference was shown between the survival rate according to the p16 and cyclin D1 expressions. On the multivariate analysis that was done with Rb, p16, the tumor size, grade and site, and patient age, the Rb gene expression was the most significant independent prognostic factor with a risk ratio of 3.01 (p=0.04).

Conclusion

The expression of Rb protein was correlated with the histologic grade and overall survival of patients with soft tissue sarcomas.

Citations

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    Gang Lin, Yue Lou
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    Toshiaki Haraguchi, Hiroaki Miyoshi, Koji Hiraoka, Shintaro Yokoyama, Yukinao Ishibashi, Toshihiro Hashiguchi, Koutaro Matsuda, Tetsuya Hamada, Takahiro Okawa, Naoto Shiba, Koichi Ohshima, Ichiro Aoki
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Time-course Transcriptional Profiling of Human Amniotic Fluid-derived Stem Cells Using Microarray
Yong Wook Kim, Hyun-Jung Kim, Su-Mi Bae, Young Jae Kim, Jong-Chul Shin, Heung-Jae Chun, Jong-Won Rhie, Jiyoung Kim, Haekwon Kim, Woong Shick Ahn
Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(2):82-94.   Published online June 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.2.82
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

To maintain the homeostasis of stem cells and prevent their ability to initiate tumorigenesis, it is important to identify and modify factors that prevent or accelerate stem cell senescence. We used microarrays to attempt to identify such factors in human amniotic fluid (HAF)-derived stem cells.

Materials and Methods

To identify gene expression changes over a time course, we compared gene expression profiles of HAF-derived stem cells in different passages (1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th) using a Sentrix Human illumina microarray.

Results

Of the 25,804 genes in the microarray chip, 1,970 showed an over 2-fold change relative to the control (the 1st passage)-either upregulated or downregulated. Quantitative real-time PCR validated the microarray data for selected genes: markedly increased genes were CXCL12, cadherin 6 (CDH6), and folate receptor 3 (FOLR3). Downregulated genes included cyclin D2, keratin 8, insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), natriuretic peptide precursor B (NPPB) and cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2). The expression pattern of the selected genes was consistent with the microarray data except for CXCL12 and IGF2. Interestingly, the expression of NPPB was dramatically downregulated along the time course; it was almost completely shut-down by the 10th passage. In contrast, FOLR3 mRNA expression was dramatically increased.

Conclusion

Taken together, although a function for NPPB and FOLR3 in stem cell senescence has not been reported, our results strongly suggest that NPPB and/or FOLR3 play a significant role in the regulation of stem cell senescence.

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    Dalila Lucíola Zanette, Julio Cesar Cetrulo Lorenzi, Rodrigo Alexandre Panepucci, Patricia Vianna Bonini Palma, Daiane Fernanda dos Santos, Karen Lima Prata, Wilson Araújo Silva, Benedetta Bussolati
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    Maria G. Roubelakis, Ourania Trohatou, Nicholas P. Anagnou
    Stem Cells International.2012; 2012: 1.     CrossRef
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    Kerry Rennie, Andrée Gruslin, Markus Hengstschläger, Duanqing Pei, Jinglei Cai, Toshio Nikaido, Mahmud Bani-Yaghoub
    Stem Cells International.2012; 2012: 1.     CrossRef
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Case Report
Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma of the Retroperitoneum
Eun-Suk Kim, Seok-Heun Jang, Hyung-Chul Park, Eun-Hong Jung, Geun-Bae Moon
Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(1):57-60.   Published online March 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.1.57
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

A dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the retroperitoneum is an extremely rare tumor. A 51-year old man was admitted to our department because a retroperitoneal mass was seen on abdominal computed tomography at another hospital. Computed tomography of the abdomen and magnetic resonance imaging showed a large pelvic mass located in the right hemipelvis, and it was pushing the right ureter and invading the right kidney, duodenum, colon and inferior vena cava. The patient underwent right radical nephrectomy, pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomy, right hemicolectomy and artificial blood vessel replacement for the inferior vena cava. The histopathological diagnosis was dedifferentiated liposarcoma and the patient was free from recurrence on the computed tomography that was done 6 months after the operation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    Kenichiro Yambe, Kei Nakagawa, Kuniharu Yamamoto, Hiroto Sakurai, Kazuhiro Takami, Noriko Kondo, Chikashi Shibata, Yu Katayose
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    Sebastian Forero-Escobedo, Sandra Milena Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Jose Alejandro Ramírez-Rincón, Vanessa Alejandra Garcia-Bernal, Santiago Polanco-Perdomo, Sofía Echeverri-Torrents
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    Alessandro Bianchi, Alberto Pagan-Pomar, Rafael Ramos-Asensio, Pablo Luna-Fra, Marina Jiménez-Segovia, Natalia Pujol-Cano, Aina Ochogavia-Seguí, José Antonio Martínez-Corcoles, Francesc Xavier González-Argenté
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    Tomoharu Naito, Tsuyoshi Saito, Tamami Higuchi, Akira Inomata, Takuo Hayashi, Yasuhiro Shimada, Atsuko Yamauchi-Ohguchi, Sayaka Kenmochi, Chihaya Kakinuma, Takashi Yao
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    Y. Sato, S. Yamamoto, S. Fujita
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    Kohki Takeda, Takayuki Aimoto, Masato Yoshioka, Yoshiharu Nakamura, Kazuya Yamahatsu, Toshiyuki Ishiwata, Zenya Naito, Masao Miyashita, Eiji Uchida
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