Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

The Effect of Alcohol Consumption Behavior Changes on Gastric Cancer Risks Stratified by Sex in South Korea: Yonghoon Choi, Jieun Jang, Hyeong Ho Jo, Nayoung Kim; Received June 24, 2024 Accepted March 31, 2025 Published online April 1, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.591 [Accepted]

Abstract PDF: Purpose
The effect of behavior changes in alcohol drinking on gastric cancer (GC) development, and the sex differences in those effects have not yet been fully elucidated. This study investigated the effect of behavior changes in alcohol drinking on the GC risk by sex.
Materials and Methods
The cohort was consisted of 310,192 Koreans (≥ 40 years) from the National Health Insurance Service–Health Screening Cohort with a median follow-up period of 12 years. Subjects were classified according to alcohol consumption behavior changes (non-drinker, quitter, reducer, sustainer, and increaser). The independent effect of changes in alcohol drinking patterns or concurrent effect of alcohol on GC risk were evaluated using the Cox proportional hazard regression.
Results
In males, non-drinkers showed a lower risk of developing GC (hazard ratio [HR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84–0.98), whereas increasers showed a higher risk of GC than sustainers (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02–1.20). Starting to drink alcohol, even at a mild level, was associated with an increased GC risk, while a decreased GC risk was induced when alcohol consumption dose decreases to a mild from a moderate level among males. However, in females, only substantial change of alcohol consumption dose from non- to heavy-drinking was associated with increased GC risk (HR, 1.97; 95% CI, 0.98–3.96).
Conclusion
These results suggest that alcohol abstinence can reduce the risk of developing GC, particularly among males.

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Association Between Benign Thyroid Disorders and Breast Cancer Risk in Korean Women: Boyoung Park, Thi Xuan Mai Tran; Received August 16, 2024 Accepted February 25, 2025 Published online February 26, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.787 [Accepted]

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the potential association between thyroid disorders and breast cancer (BC) risk in a cohort of Korean women.
Materials and Methods
Data for this retrospective cohort study were obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance database, including all women aged ≥ 40 who underwent BC screening from 2009 to 2010 in Korea. Thyroid disorders were identified using medical records from 2009 to 2010 and extracted using the ICD-10 codes for thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism. BC cases were defined using the ICD-10 codes and tracked until December 2021. A Cox regression model was used to evaluate the association between thyroid disorders and the risk of BC. Additionally, we evaluated the association between well-known risk factors of BC and thyroid disorders using logistic regression analysis.
Results
Among 5,051,633 women, the mean (standard deviation) age was 55.2 (10.7) years, and the median follow-up was 11.6 years, with 87,784 BC cases recorded. The proportions of patients with thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism were 2.5, 1.8, and 0.9%, respectively. The hazard ratio (HR) for BC risk associated with thyroid nodules was 1.16 (95% CI 1.11–1.20), for hypothyroidism was 0.98 (95% CI 0.93–1.03), and for hyperthyroidism was 1.13 (95% CI 1.06–1.21). In both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, an increased risk of BC was significantly associated with thyroid nodules (aHR 1.16 and 1.13) and hyperthyroidism (aHR 1.11 and 1.16). History of benign breast disease, oral contraceptive use, breastfeeding, menopausal status, and hormone replacement therapy were associated with thyroid nodules and hyperthyroidism.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest an increased risk of BC in women with a history of thyroid nodules and hyperthyroidism, whereas no such association was found in women with hypothyroidism.

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Lung and Thoracic cancer

Strategies to Improve Smoking Cessation for Participants in Lung Cancer Screening Program: Analysis of Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation in Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS): Yeol Kim, Jaeho Lee, Eunju Lee, Juntae Lim, Yonghyun Kim, Choon-Taek Lee, Seung Hun Jang, Yu-Jin Paek, Won-Chul Lee, Chan Wha Lee, Hyae Young Kim, Jin Mo Goo, Kui Son Choi, Boyoung Park, Duk Hyoung Lee, Hong Gwan Seo; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):92-103. Published online August 7, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1598

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Purpose
Smoking cessation intervention is one of the key components of successful lung cancer screening program. We investigated the effectiveness and related factors of smoking cessation services provided to the participants in a population-based lung cancer screening trial.
Materials and Methods
The Korean Lung Cancer Screening Project (K-LUCAS) is a nationwide, multi-center lung cancer screening trial that evaluates the feasibility of implementing population-based lung cancer screening. All 5,144 current smokers who participated in the K-LUCAS received a mandatory smoking cessation counseling. Changes in smoking status were followed up using a telephone survey in 6 months after lung cancer screening participation. The lung cancer screening’s impact on smoking cessation is analyzed by variations in the smoking cessation interventions provided in screening units.
Results
Among 4,136 survey responders, participant’s motivation to quit smoking increased by 9.4% on average after lung cancer screening. After 6 months from the initial screening, 24.3% of participants stopped smoking, and 10.6% of participants had not smoked continuously for at least 6 months after screening. Over 80% of quitters stated that participation in lung cancer screening motivated them to quit smoking. Low-cost public smoking cessation program combined with lung cancer screening increased the abstinence rates. The smokers were three times more likely to quit smoking when the smoking cessation counseling was provided simultaneously with low-dose computed tomography screening results than when provided separately.
Conclusion
A mandatory smoking cessation intervention integrated with screening result counselling by a physician after participation in lung cancer screening could be effective for increasing smoking cessation attempts.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

p53 Genetics and Biology in Lung Carcinomas: Insights, Implications and Clinical Applications
Dixan A. Benitez, Guadalupe Cumplido-Laso, Marcos Olivera-Gómez, Nuria Del Valle-Del Pino, Alba Díaz-Pizarro, Sonia Mulero-Navarro, Angel Román-García, Jose Maria Carvajal-Gonzalez
Biomedicines.2024; 12(7): 1453. CrossRef
Problems and Alternatives for Korea National Lung Cancer Screening Program for Smoking Cessation: Analysis of a Survey Involving Experts
Cheol Min Lee, Sil Vi Han Park, Jinri Kim, Bumjo Oh, Kiheon Lee, Yeol Kim, Yu-Jin Paek
Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.2024; 15(2): 49. CrossRef
The pros and cons of lung cancer screening
Roberta Eufrasia Ledda, Georg-Christian Funk, Nicola Sverzellati
European Radiology.2024; 35(1): 267. CrossRef
Effective Smoking Cessation Counseling for Participants in a Lung Cancer Screening
Choon-Young Kim, Yeol Kim, Cheol Min Lee
Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.2024; 15(3): 88. CrossRef

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General

Longitudinal Changes in Smoking Behaviors and Cancer-Related Mortality Risk in Middle-Aged Korean Women: Thi Xuan Mai Tran, Soyeoun Kim, Seonju Kim, Boyoung Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):18-26. Published online August 2, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.341

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Purpose
This study investigated association between smoking habit change and cancer-related mortality risk in Korean women.
Materials and Methods
Study population were women aged ≥ 40 years who underwent two biennial cancer screenings during 2009-2012 and were followed up until 2020. Participants were grouped into sustained nonsmokers, sustained quitters, new quitters, relapsers/smoking initiators, and sustained smokers. Outcomes included all-cause and cancer-related deaths. Cox regression and competing risk analysis was used to assess association between smoking habit change and mortality risk.
Results
Of 2,892,590 women, 54,443 death cases were recorded (median follow-up of 9.0 years). Compared with sustained nonsmokers, mortality risk from all causes and cancer-related causes increased in all other smoking groups. Cancer-related risk increased 1.22-fold among sustained quitters (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10 to 1.36), 1.56-fold (95% CI, 1.40 to 1.75) in new quitters, 1.40-fold (95% CI, 1.21 to 1.62) in relapsers/smoking initiators, and 1.61-fold (95% CI, 1.46 to 1.78) in sustained smokers compared with sustained nonsmokers. Women who were sustained smokers with higher smoking intensity had a higher mortality risk in terms of hazard ratios compared to nonsmokers (< 5 pack-years 2.12-fold, 5-10 pack-years 2.15-fold, and > 10 pack-years 2.27-fold).
Conclusion
Quitting smoking earlier is critical for preventing death from all causes and cancer among female smokers.

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Adherence to Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Population-Based Cohort Study: Jin-Kyoung Oh, Minji Han, Byungmi Kim, Eun Young Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(1):15-27. Published online March 22, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1031

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Purpose
This study aimed to estimate the risk of cancer incidence and mortality according to adherence to lifestyle-related cancer prevention guidelines.
Materials and Methods
Men and women who participated in the general health screening program in 2002 and 2003 provided by the National Health Insurance Service were included (n=8,325,492). Self-reported smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity habits and directly measured body mass index were collected. The participants were followed up until the date of cancer onset or death or 31 December 2018. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) for cancer incidence and mortality according to different combinations of lifestyle behaviors.
Results
Only 6% of men and 15% of women engaged in healthy behavior at baseline, such as not smoking, not drinking alcohol, being moderately or highly physically active, and within a normal body mass index range. Compared to the best combination of healthy lifestyle behaviors, the weak and moderate associations with increased all cancer incidence (HR < 1.7) and mortality (HR < 2.5) were observed in those with heavy alcohol consumption and in former or current smokers. HRs of cancer mortality were significantly increased among current smokers in most combinations.
Conclusion
Compared to full adherence to cancer prevention recommendations, unhealthy behaviors increase cancer risk. As few people meet these recommendations, there is a great opportunity for cancer prevention.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A comparative study of health behaviors in adult male cancer survivors and the general male population in Korea: from the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey VII-VIII (2016–2021)
Hyein Jung, Yoonjoo Choi, Byungmi Kim
Supportive Care in Cancer.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Cancer risk according to lifestyle risk score trajectories: a population-based cohort study
Thi Minh Thu Khong, Thi Tra Bui, Hee-Yeon Kang, Eunjung Park, Moran Ki, Yoon-Jung Choi, Byungmi Kim, Jin-Kyoung Oh
BJC Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Increased risk of cardiovascular disease among kidney cancer survivors: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Minji Jung, Eunjung Choo, Shufeng Li, Zhengyi Deng, Jinhui Li, Mingyi Li, Satvir Basran, Sukhyang Lee, Marvin E. Langston, Benjamin I. Chung
Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Cancer survivors’ adherence to the American cancer society and American institute of cancer research dietary guidelines in Lebanon
Jana Jabbour, Remie El Helou, Ruba Hadla, Riwa Azar, Maria Mezher, Farah Naja, Sally Temraz
BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Longitudinal Trends of Comorbidities and Survival Among Kidney Cancer Patients in Asian Population
Minji Jung, Eunjung Choo, Jinhui Li, Zhengyi Deng, Marvin E. Langston, Sukhyang Lee, Benjamin I. Chung
Cancer Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Combinations of lifestyle behaviors and cancer risk among Korean adults
Ngoc Minh Luu, Thi Tra Bui, Thi Phuong Thao Tran, Thi Huyen Trang Nguyen, Jin-Kyoung Oh
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Individual and joint effect of socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors on cancer in Korea
Chi Lan Tran, Kui Son Choi, Sun‐Young Kim, Jin‐Kyoung Oh
Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(16): 17389. CrossRef
Tumorkachexie: die Bedeutung von Ernährung und Bewegung in der Onkologie
Yurdagül Zopf, Hans Joachim Herrmann, Dejan Reljic, Luisa Marie Hardt
Zeitschrift für Komplementärmedizin.2023; 15(06): 12. CrossRef
Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research and Korean Cancer Prevention Guidelines and cancer risk: a prospective cohort study from the Health Examinees-Gem study
Jeeyoo Lee, Aesun Shin, Woo-Kyoung Shin, Ji-Yeob Choi, Daehee Kang, Jong-Koo Lee
Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023070. CrossRef

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Gastrointestinal cancer

Daily Vigorous Intensity Physical Activity and Its Preventive Effect on Pancreatic Cancer: Sung Keun Park, Ju Young Jung, Chang-Mo Oh, Min-Ho Kim, Eunhee Ha, Yeji Kim, Do Jin Nam, Jae-Hong Ryoo; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):873-881. Published online September 27, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.400

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
There has been accumulating evidence for the preventive effect of high physical activity on cancer. However, it is still unclear which level of physical activity is associated with the decreased risk of pancreatic cancer. The purpose of current study is to assess the association between the frequency of vigorous intensity physical activity and the risk of pancreatic cancer.
Materials and Methods
The nationwide retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Information Database. Study participants were 220,357 Koreans who received health check-up in 2009. They were divided into four groups by the weekly frequency of vigorous intensity physical activity longer than 20 minutes (group 1, no vigorous intensity physical activity (reference); group 2, 1-3 days; group 3, 4-5 days and group 4, 6-7 days). Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident pancreatic cancer (adjusted HRs [95% CI]) according to the weekly frequency of vigorous intensity physical activity.
Results
For 4.38 years’ follow-up on average, 377 cases of pancreatic cancer developed. Subjects without incident pancreatic cancer had more favorable metabolic condition and higher physical activity than subjects with incident pancreatic cancer. Adjusted HRs and 95% CI indicated that only group 4 was significantly associated with the decreased risk of pancreatic cancer (group 1, reference; group 2, 1.10 [0.86-1.40]; group 3, 0.75 [0.45-1.25] and group 4, 0.47 [0.25-0.89]).
Conclusion
In this nationwide representative cohort study, near daily vigorous intensity physical activity showed the preventive effect on pancreatic cancer.

Citations

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Physical Activity and Cancer Incidence and Mortality: Current Evidence and Biological Mechanisms
Joanna Kruk, Basil Hassan Aboul-Enein, Marta Ewelina Gołębiewska, Ewa Duchnik, Urszula Czerniak, Mariola Marchlewicz
Cancers.2025; 17(9): 1410. CrossRef
Lifestyle‐Related Risk Factors for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Longitudinal Analysis of 1,120,377 Individuals From the NHISS Cohort
Hyunseok Jee
Cancer Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Association between waist circumference change after smoking cessation and incidence of hypertension in Korean adults
H.J. Lee, J.W. Choi
Public Health.2024; 229: 73. CrossRef
Physical Activity Decreases Inflammation and Delays the Development of Obesity-Associated Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Valentina Pita-Grisanti, Ericka Velez-Bonet, Kaylin Chasser, Zachary Hurst, Alexus Liette, Grace Vulic, Kelly Dubay, Ali Lahooti, Niharika Badi, Olivia Ueltschi, Kristyn Gumpper-Fedus, Hsiang-Yin Hsueh, Ila Lahooti, Myrriah Chavez-Tomar, Samantha Terhorst
Cancer Research.2024; 84(18): 3058. CrossRef
The role of exercise in obesity-related cancers: Current evidence and biological mechanisms
Elisabeth A. Larson, Maria Dalamaga, Faidon Magkos
Seminars in Cancer Biology.2023; 91: 16. CrossRef
Effect of physical activity on incidence and mortality in patients with gastric cancer: evidence from real-world studies
Shaodi Ma, Haixia Liu, Chenyu Sun, Muzi Meng, Guangbo Qu, Yuemeng Jiang, Birong Wu, Juan Gao, Linya Feng, Peng Xie, Weihang Xia, Yehuan Sun
Cancer Causes & Control.2023; 34(12): 1095. CrossRef
Integrated procedures for accelerating, deepening, and leading genetic inquiry: A first application on human muscle secretome
Danilo Bondi, Michele Bevere, Rosanna Piccirillo, Guglielmo Sorci, Valentina Di Felice, Andrea David Re Cecconi, Daniela D'Amico, Tiziana Pietrangelo, Stefania Fulle
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism.2023; 140(3): 107705. CrossRef

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Gynecologic cancer

Adherence to Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Endometrial Cancer Risk: Evidence from a Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies: Hui Sun, Qing Chang, Ya-Shu Liu, Yu-Ting Jiang, Ting-Ting Gong, Xiao-Xin Ma, Yu-Hong Zhao, Qi-Jun Wu; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(1):223-232. Published online September 14, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.546

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Purpose
The evidence of adherence to cancer prevention guidelines and endometrial cancer (EC) risk has been limited and controversial. This study summarizes and quantifies the relationship between adherence to cancer prevention guidelines and EC risk.
Materials and Methods
The online databases PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched for relevant publications up to June 2, 2020. This study had been registered at PROSPERO. The registration number is CRD42020149966. Study quality evaluation was performed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The I² statistic was used to estimate heterogeneity among studies. Egger’s and Begg’s tests assessed potential publication bias. Summary hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relationship between adherence to cancer prevention guidelines score was assigned to participants by summarizing individual scores for each lifestyle-related factor. The scores ranged from least healthy (0) to most healthy (20) and the EC risk was calculated using a randomeffects model.
Results
Five prospective studies (four cohort studies and one case‑cohort study) consisted of 4,470 EC cases, where 597,047 participants were included. Four studies had a low bias risk and one study had a high bias risk. Summary EC HR for the highest vs. lowest score of adherence to cancer prevention guidelines was 0.54 (95% CI, 0.40 to 0.73) and had a high heterogeneity (I²=86.1%). For the dose-response analysis, an increment of 1 significantly reduced the risk of EC by 6%. No signiﬁcant publication bias was detected.
Conclusion
This study suggested that adherence to cancer prevention guidelines was negatively related to EC risk.

Citations

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Expression of EMT-related genes in lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer: a TCGA-based study
He Li, Junzhu Wang, Liwei Li, Luyang Zhao, Zhiqi Wang
World Journal of Surgical Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Advances on Prevention and Screening of Gynecologic Tumors: Are We Stepping Forward?
Andrea Giannini, Giorgio Bogani, Enrico Vizza, Vito Chiantera, Antonio Simone Laganà, Ludovico Muzii, Maria Giovanna Salerno, Donatella Caserta, Ottavia D’Oria
Healthcare.2022; 10(9): 1605. CrossRef

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Omega-3 and -6 Fatty Acid Intake and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Swedish Women’s Lifestyle and Health Cohort: Aesun Shin, Sooyoung Cho, Sven Sandin, Marie Lof, Moon Young Oh, Elisabete Weiderpass; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(3):848-854. Published online March 6, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.550

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
We aimed to assess the association between the dietary intake of fish-derived omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risk of colorectal cancer among Swedish women.
Materials and Methods
A total of 48,233 women with information on dietary intake were included in the analysis. Participants were followed for incident colorectal cancer until 31 December 2012. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between baseline fatty acid intake and colorectal cancer risk. All analyses were stratified by colon and rectal cancers.
Results
During a median of 21.3 years of follow-up, a total of 344 colorectal cancer cases were ascertained. Although there was no overall association between omega-3 fatty acid intake and colorectal cancer risk, high intake of fish-derived docosahexaenoic acid was associated with reduced risk of rectal cancer (hazard ratios for the third and the highest quartiles were 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37 to 0.96) and 0.62 (95% CI, 0.39 to 0.98), respectively).
Conclusion
In conclusion, we found only limited support for an association between omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and colorectal cancer in a large Swedish cohort of middle-aged women.

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Integration of lipidomics with targeted, single cell, and spatial transcriptomics defines an unresolved pro-inflammatory state in colon cancer
Ramani Soundararajan, Michelle M Maurin, Jetsen Rodriguez-Silva, Gunjan Upadhyay, Ashley J Alden, Siddabasave Gowda B Gowda, Michael J Schell, Mingli Yang, Noah Jhad Levine, Divyavani Gowda, Punith M Sundaraswamy, Shu-Ping Hui, Lance Pflieger, Heiman Wang
Gut.2025; 74(4): 586. CrossRef
Causal Relationship between Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study Base on A European Cohort
Yue Li, Jun Liu, Guosheng Li, Guanqiang Yan, Xiang Gao, Longqian Wei, Guiyu Feng, Zhanyu Xu, Nuo Yang, Huafu Zhou
Nutrition and Cancer.2025; : 1. CrossRef
Dietary intake and tissue biomarkers of omega-6 fatty acids and risk of colorectal cancer in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Negin Atashi, Niloofar Eshaghian, Javad Anjom-Shoae, Gholamreza Askari, Masoomeh Asadi, Omid Sadeghi
Nutrition & Diabetes.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Associations between diet and nutritional supplements and colorectal cancer: A systematic review
Maryam Gholamalizadeh, Shirin Tajadod, Nazanin Majidi, Zohreh Aghakhaninejad, Zahra Mahmoudi, Zahra Mousavi, Arezoo Amjadi, Farkhondeh Alami, Mahdie Torkaman, Zahra Saeedirad, Saeid Doaei, Hanieh Shafaei, Naser Kalantari
JGH Open.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its protective effects against colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of 26 studies with 2,217,404 participants
Zoltan Ungvari, Mónika Fekete, János Tibor Fekete, Giuseppe Grosso, Anna Ungvari, Balázs Győrffy
GeroScience.2024; 47(1): 1105. CrossRef
A higher dietary alpha-linolenic acid intake is associated with lower colorectal cancer risk based on MUC4 rs2246901 variant among Korean adults
Ha Thi Mien Nguyen, Madhawa Gunathilake, Jeonghee Lee, Jae Hwan Oh, Hee Jin Chang, Dae Kyung Sohn, Aesun Shin, Jeongseon Kim
Nutrition Research.2024; 131: 71. CrossRef
Association between dietary intake of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of colorectal cancer in the Japanese population: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Ayako Kato, Chika Okada, Ehab S. Eshak, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(4): 4690. CrossRef
Serum levels of n-3 PUFA and colorectal cancer risk in Chinese population
Dan-Dan Shi, Yu-Jing Fang, Yi-Ling Jiang, Ting Dong, Zhuo-Lin Zhang, Ting Ma, Ruo-Lin Zhou, Qing-Jian Ou, Cai-Xia Zhang
British Journal of Nutrition.2023; 130(7): 1239. CrossRef
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Alireza Tojjari, Khalil Choucair, Arezoo Sadeghipour, Azhar Saeed, Anwaar Saeed
Cancers.2023; 15(17): 4294. CrossRef
Nutritional Issues for Colorectal Cancer Prevention
Soyeon Jeong, Jung Ho Kim
Journal of Digestive Cancer Research.2023; 11(2): 77. CrossRef
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Joanna Aldoori, Andrew J Cockbain, Giles J Toogood, Mark A Hull
Gut.2022; 71(4): 822. CrossRef
Inverse Association between Canned Fish Consumption and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Analysis of Two Large Case–Control Studies
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Association of Dietary Intake and Biomarker of α-Linolenic Acid With Incident Colorectal Cancer: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies
Ze-Bin Dai, Xiao-Li Ren, Yi-Lang Xue, Ya Tian, Bing-Bing He, Chang-Long Xu, Bo Yang
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Association between Dietary Fatty Acid Patterns and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Large-Scale Case-Control Study in China
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Sang Nguyen, Honglan Li, Danxia Yu, Hui Cai, Jing Gao, Yutang Gao, Hung N. Luu, Huong Tran, Yong‐Bing Xiang, Wei Zheng, Xiao‐Ou Shu
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Relationship between microsatellite status and immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer and its application to diagnosis and treatment
Junge Bai, Hongsheng Chen, Xuefeng Bai
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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Federica Ungaro, Silvia D’Alessio, Silvio Danese
Cancers.2020; 12(8): 2060. CrossRef
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A Randomized Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Multicenter Trial of Azasetron versus Ondansetron to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety in the Prevention of Delayed Nausea and Vomiting Induced by Chemotherapy: Hee Yeon Lee, Hoon-Kyo Kim, Kyung Hee Lee, Bong-Seog Kim, Hong Suk Song, Sung Hyun Yang, Joon Hee Kim, Yeul Hong Kim, Jong Gwang Kim, Sang-We Kim, Dong-Wan Kim, Si-Young Kim, Hee Sook Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2014;46(1):19-26. Published online January 15, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.46.1.19

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PURPOSE
This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of azasetron compared to ondansetron in the prevention of delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was a multi-center, prospective, randomized, double-dummy, double-blind and parallel-group trial involving 12 institutions in Korea between May 2005 and December 2005. A total of 265 patients with moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy were included and randomly assigned to either the azasetron or ondansetron group. All patients received azasetron (10 mg intravenously) and dexamethasone (20 mg intravenously) on day 1 and dexamethasone (4 mg orally every 12 hours) on days 2-4. The azasetron group received azasetron (10 mg orally) with placebo of ondansetron (orally every 12 hours), and the ondansetron group received ondansetron (8 mg orally every 12 hours) with placebo of azasetron (orally) on days 2-6.
RESULTS
Over days 2-6, the effective ratio of complete response in the azasetron and ondansetron groups was 45% and 54.5%, respectively (95% confidence interval, -21.4 to 2.5%). Thus, the non-inferiority of azasetron compared with ondansetron in delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting was not proven in the present study. All treatments were well tolerated and no unexpected drug-related adverse events were reported. The most common adverse events related to the treatment were constipation and hiccups, and there were no differences in the overall incidence of adverse events.
CONCLUSION
In the present study, azasetron showed inferiority in the control of delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting compared with ondansetron whereas safety profiles were similar between the two groups.

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Influence of ABCB1 genetic polymorphisms on the antiemetic response to ondansetron-based medication for cisplatin-based chemotherapy in South Indian cancer patients in a tertiary care hospital
Ayyar Porkodi, Deepak Gopal Shewade, Goud Alladi Charanraj
Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences.2023; 36(3): 129. CrossRef
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Mevlüde Ergen, Fatma Arikan, Rüya Fırat Çetin
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management.2021; 62(3): e85. CrossRef
A Fast and Validated HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Analysis of Five 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists via the Quantitative Analysis of Multicomponents by a Single Marker
Fuchao Chen, Baoxia Fang, Peng Li, Sicen Wang, Amr M. Mahmoud
International Journal of Analytical Chemistry.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
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Public Awareness of Gastric Cancer Risk Factors and Disease Screening in a High Risk Region: A Population-Based Study: Do-Youn Oh, Kui Son Choi, Hae-Rim Shin, Yung-Jue Bang; Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(2):59-66. Published online June 30, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.2.59

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

This study involved a population-based survey to provide evidence of public awareness of risk factors of gastric cancer and to investigate attitudes for the screening of gastric cancer in the South Korean population.

Materials and Methods

Using a nationwide random selection method, 2014 subjects were enrolled in the study between 5 September 2006 and 25 September 2006.

Results

In terms of the awareness of risk factors, awareness was scored as the percentage of the probability of developing gastric cancer when a subject had a particular risk factor. For the risk factors, stress ranked highest with a score of 73.5%, followed by chronic gastritis (score of 72.1%), gastric ulcer (score of 71.2%) and a previous gastrectomy history (score of 68.7%). Other factors included a diet of charred foods (score of 67.3%), alcohol use (score of 65.3%), salty diet (score of 65.1%), history of smoking (score of 64.3%) and Helicobacter pylori infection (score of 57.5%). Subjects believed that 60.4% of all gastric cancers were preventable by lifestyle modification and the subjects believed that regular screening could prevent 72.1% of all gastric cancers. However, 54% of subjects did not receive regular screening and the most common reason for not undergoing screening was a lack of symptoms.

Conclusion

Public education about the risk factors of gastric cancer and of lifestyle modifications and the importance of regular screening regardless of the presence of symptoms should be emphasized to reduce gastric cancer mortality in South Korea.

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Kimberly S. Bailey, Heidi E. Brown, Viktor Lekic, Kathi Pradeep, Juanita L. Merchant, Robin B. Harris
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Nader Alaridah, Raba’a F. Jarrar, Rayan M. Joudeh, Mallak Aljarawen, Mohammad Jum’ah, Hasan Nassr, Raad Riad AlHmoud, Abdullah Allouzi, Eslam M. Wadi, Anas H. A. Abu-Humaidan, Nour Amin Elsahoryi
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Ali G Alghamdi, Alshareef M Alshareef, Aghnar T Alzahrani, Ziyad S Alharthi, Sarah S Alghamdi, Ahmed M Alghamdi, Faisal A Alzahrani, Reem A Alzahrani
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The Chemopreventive Effect of Retinoids on Cellular NF-κB Activity Induced by NMU and NEU in Human Malignant Keratinocytes: Ki-Young Moon; Cancer Res Treat. 2007;39(2):82-87. Published online June 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2007.39.2.82

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

Retinoids have been shown to be effective in suppressing tumor development when chemical carcinogens such as N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU) and N-nitroso-N-ethylurea (NEU) were used to induce mammary tumors in a variety of animal models. However, the molecular mechanisms associated with the retinoid-mediated chemopreventive process, as linked to transcription factor NF-κB activation, for chemoprevention have not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to determine the implications of NF-κB activation on the chemopreventive role of retinoids and their effect on cellular NF-κB activity that's induced by known alkylating chemical carcinogens such as NMU and NEU in human transfectant squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-13) cells.

Materials and Methods

The activity of NF-κB, as regulated by chemical carcinogens and retinoids, was determined in cultured human SCC-13 keratinocytes that were transfected with the pNF-κB-SEAP-NPT plasmid; this permitted the expression of the secretory alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) reporter gene in response to the NF-κB activity, and the plasmid contained the neomycin phosphotransferase (NPT) gene, which confers resistance to geneticin. The reporter enzyme activity was measured using a fluorescence detection assay method.

Results

All-trans retinoic acid and 13-cis retinoic acid induced a reduction of NF-κB activity up to 64% and 65%, respectively, compared to the control. For the treatment of the human transfectant cells with chemical carcinogens, all-trans retinoic acid (5 mM) and 13-cis retinoic acid (5 mM) downregulated the cellular NF-κB activation up to 83% and 85% compared to the NF-κB activity that was upregulated by NMU (5µM) and NEU (5µM), respectively.

Conclusion

These results suggest that the chemopreventive effect of retinoids may be mediated by the downregulated activation of NF-κB and that retinoids are implicated in the activation of NF-κB in human skin cells.

Citations

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Upregulation of Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity by All-transRetinoic Acid and 13-cisRetinoic Acid in Human Malignant Keratinocytes
Ki-Young Moon
Biomedical Science Letters.2019; 25(2): 196. CrossRef
N-nitroso-N-methylurea and N-nitroso-N-ethylurea Decrease in Nitric Oxide Production in Human Malignant Keratinocytes
Ki-Young Moon
Biomedical Science Letters.2018; 24(1): 50. CrossRef
Inhibitory Effect of Retinoids on Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzymes Activity in Human Serum
Seung Hee Kim, Ki-Young Moon
Biomedical Science Letters.2017; 23(3): 230. CrossRef
Targeting Neuroblastoma Stem Cells with Retinoic Acid and Proteasome Inhibitor
Barbara Hämmerle, Yania Yañez, Sarai Palanca, Adela Cañete, Deborah J. Burks, Victoria Castel, Jaime Font de Mora, Yiqun G. Shellman
PLoS ONE.2013; 8(10): e76761. CrossRef
Retinoids: novel immunomodulators and tumour‐suppressive agents?
MR Carratù, C Marasco, G Mangialardi, A Vacca
British Journal of Pharmacology.2012; 167(3): 483. CrossRef
Acrolein, an I-κBα-independent downregulator of NF-κB activity, causes the decrease in nitric oxide production in human malignant keratinocytes
Ki-Young Moon
Archives of Toxicology.2011; 85(5): 499. CrossRef
N-nitroso-N-methylurea and N-nitroso-N-ethylurea induce upregulation of cellular NF-κ B activity through protein kinase C-dependent pathway in human malignant keratinocytes
Ki-Young Moon
Archives of Pharmacal Research.2010; 33(1): 133. CrossRef

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Review Article

Transcription Factors in the Cellular Signaling Network as Prime Targets of Chemopreventive Phytochemicals: Young-Joon Surh; Cancer Res Treat. 2004;36(5):275-286. Published online October 30, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2004.36.5.275

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Accumulating evidence from epidemiologic and laboratory studies support an inverse relationship between a regular consumption of fruits and vegetables and the risk of specific cancers. Numerous phytochemicals derived from edible plants have been reported to possess ability to interfere with a specific stage of carcinogenic process. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to account for the anti-carcinogenic actions of dietary constituents, but more attention has recently focussed on intracellular signaling cascades as common molecular targets of a wide variety of chemopreventive phytochemicals.

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Cheol Park, Won Lee, Se-Il Go, Arulkumar Nagappan, Min Han, Su Hong, Gon Kim, Gi Kim, Taeg Kwon, Chung Ryu, Sung Shin, Yung Choi
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Dong Shin, Won Lee, Ji Jung, Su Hong, Cheol Park, Hye Kim, Gi-Young Kim, Hye Hwang, Gon Kim, Jin-Myung Jung, Chung Ryu, Sung Shin, Soon Hong, Yung Choi
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Lian Chen, Martin Conda-Sheridan, P. V. Narasimha Reddy, Andrew Morrell, Eun-Jung Park, Tamara P. Kondratyuk, John M. Pezzuto, Richard B. van Breemen, Mark Cushman
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Suppression of Nrf2-driven heme oxygenase-1 enhances the chemosensitivity of lung cancer A549 cells toward cisplatin
Hak-Ryul Kim, Sejin Kim, Eun-Jung Kim, Jung-Hyun Park, Sei-Hoon Yang, Eun-Taik Jeong, Channy Park, Myung-Ja Youn, Hong-Seob So, Raekil Park
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Original Articles

Effect of Chitosan Oligosaccharide on Enzymes for Cancer Chemoprevention: To Hun Kim, Young Jung Jo, Young Min Ha, Yun Hee Shon, Byung Jo Bae, Kyung Soo Nam; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2001;33(1):64-70.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Two types of chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs), COS I and COS II, were investigated for the effects on ascitic tumor and enzymes for cancer chemoprevention.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Chitosan oligosaccharides were administered once daily for 10 days after the tumor implantation. The change of body weight was observed for 20 days, and the survival rate of mice was determined after 21 days. Chitosan oligosaccharides were administered once daily for 10 days before the tumor implantation (1 106 cells). The number of ascitic tumor cells were measured at 6 days after tumor implantation. Chemopreventive potential of chitosan oligosaccharides was examined by the induction of quinone reductase and inhibition of cytochrome P450 1A1.
RESULTS
Chitosan oligosaccharides exerted antitumor activity by inhibiting the growth of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in vivo. Mice given Ehrlich cells and 10 or 100 mg/kg body weight of chitosan oligosaccharides had 33% survival after 21 days. Quinone reductase activity was increased with chitosan oligosaccharides. There were 26% and 33% inhibition in the activity of cytochrome P450 1A1 enzyme with the treatment of COS I and COS II, respectively.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that chitosan oligosaccharides has antitumor activity and cancer chemo preventive potential by inducing QR activity and inhibiting cytochrome P450 1A1.

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Effect of One - day ( G1 ) and Two - day ( G2 ) Schedule of Intravenous Granisetron on Prevention of nausea and Vomiting and Qualit Of Life during Cisplatin - Containin: Woo Sung Min, Han Lim Moon, Jin Hyoung Kang, Jong Youl Jin, Choon Choo Kim, Dong Jip Kim, Seong Ja Choo, Kyung Shim Kang, Jae Boon Ryu; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1996;28(3):573-582.

Abstract PDF: Background
Nausea/vomiting is one of the most important item on deterioration of quality of life(QOL) in patients with cisplatin-containing chematherapy and may ultimately result in delay or refusal of the next chemotherapy. Although 5-hydroxy tryptamine 3(5-HT3) antagonist, ondansetron successfully controls cisplatin-induced nausea/vomiting during the first 24 hours, it fails to control nausea/vomiting on the following 24 hours in many patients. Authors performed this study to compare the effect of one-day and two-day schedule of intravenous granisetron on prevention of cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting and QOL. Method: The antiemtic effect and QOL between one-day and two-day schedule of 3 mg/day of intravenous granisetron in cycle 1 and cycle 2 of cisplatin-based chemotherapy were compared. Frequency and severity of nausea/vomiting, QOL, oral intake and side effects were evaluated daily since day 0 to day 7 of chemotherapy. Results: Thirty eight patients were enrolled and 37 patients(31 male, 6 female, median age 60 with range of 42~74) were evaluable. The range of cisplatin were 50~l00mg/§³ and one or two of other chemotherapeutic agents such as 5FU, VP16, ifosfamide and mitomycin were combined. We evaluated the number of vomiting and QOL index with 10 items including nausea/vomiting and anorexia from day 0 to day 7 of chemotherapy. Twelve of 37 could not receive the G2 because of discontinuation of chemotherapy or patient's refusal of granisetron any more and eventually 25 had both Gl and G2. Time to first vomiting, control of vomiting and the amount of oral intake on day 1, day 2 and the worst day and side effects were not different between Gl and G2. QOL on day 2(G1; 56.2¡¾16.2 vs G2; 68.4¡¾20.3)(p<0.05) and change of QOL since day 1 to day 2 of cispltin(Gl; 16.3+2.1 vs G2 0.07+0.6)(p<0.01) were significantly different. Conclusion: Although the additiional intravenous granisetron on day 2 of cisplatin-based chemotherapy did not control nausea/vomiting more successfully, it improved QOL on the second day and the change of QOL from day 1 to day 2.

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