Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Genitourinary cancer

Pemetrexed Maintenance versus Observation in Patients with Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Who Completed First-Line Platinum-Based Chemotherapy without Disease Progression (PREMIER, KCSG GU16-05): Inkeun Park, Shinkyo Yoon, Ilhwan Kim, Kwonoh Park, Suee Lee, Bhumsuk Keam, Joo-Hwan Park, Jin Young Kim, Yoon Ji Choi, Byeong Seok Sohn, Jae Lyun Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(4):1167-1177. Published online December 27, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.1003

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Purpose
Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment for advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC). Switch maintenance therapy after first-line (1L) treatment may delay disease progression. This study evaluated pemetrexed as switch maintenance therapy versus observation in aUC patients without disease progression after initial chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
Eligible aUC patients who did not progress after 4-6 cycles of cisplatin or carboplatin-based chemotherapy were randomized 1:1 to receive maintenance pemetrexed (500 mg/m² intravenously every 3 weeks, up to 16 cycles) or observation. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), response rate, and safety.
Results
The trial was closed early due to slow accrual after avelumab approval. From October 2016 to December 2022, 97 patients were randomized to pemetrexed (n=49) or observation (n=48). The median age was 69 years (range, 43 to 90) and 66 (range, 33 to 82), respectively, with 63% and 73% of patients being male, respectively. The median PFS was 6.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.4 to 8.5) with pemetrexed versus 2.3 months (95% CI, 1.8 to 2.7) with observation (p=0.044; hazard ratio [HR], 0.64; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.99). The median OS was 18.1 months (95% CI, 6.9 to 29.4) for pemetrexed and 17.9 months (95% CI, 16.1 to 19.7) for observation (p=0.913; HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.73). Common adverse events in the pemetrexed group included anemia (30.6%), fatigue (18.4%), and neutropenia (12.2%), primarily grade 1 or 2.
Conclusion
The PREMIER trial showed that switch maintenance pemetrexed significantly prolonged PFS in aUC patients post-1L platinum-based chemotherapy, with a favorable safety profile. Further studies on combination maintenance therapies are warranted.

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Gastrointestinal cancer

Analysis of Plasma Circulating Tumor DNA in Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Modified FOLFIRINOX: Clinical Relevance of DNA Damage Repair Gene Alteration Detection: Dong-Hoon Lim, Hyunseok Yoon, Kyu-pyo Kim, Baek-Yeol Ryoo, Sang Soo Lee, Do Hyun Park, Tae Jun Song, Dae Wook Hwang, Jae Hoon Lee, Ki Byung Song, Song Cheol Kim, Seung-Mo Hong, Jaewon Hyung, Changhoon Yoo; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1313-1320. Published online May 4, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.452

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
There are no reliable biomarkers to guide treatment for patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) in the neoadjuvant setting. We used plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing to search biomarkers for patients with BRPC receiving neoadjuvant mFOLFIRINOX in our phase 2 clinical trial (NCT02749136).
Materials and Methods
Among the 44 patients enrolled in the trial, patients with plasma ctDNA sequencing at baseline or post-operation were included in this analysis. Plasma cell-free DNA isolation and sequencing were performed using the Guardant 360 assay. Detection of genomic alterations, including DNA damage repair (DDR) genes, were examined for correlations with survival.
Results
Among the 44 patients, 28 patients had ctDNA sequencing data qualified for the analysis and were included in this study. Among the 25 patients with baseline plasma ctDNA data, 10 patients (40%) had alterations of DDR genes detected at baseline, inclu-ding ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2 and MLH1, and showed significantly better progression-free survival than those without such DDR gene alterations detected (median, 26.6 vs. 13.5 months; log-rank p=0.004). Patients with somatic KRAS mutations detected at baseline (n=6) had significantly worse overall survival (median, 8.5 months vs. not applicable; log-rank p=0.003) than those without. Among 13 patients with post-operative plasma ctDNA data, eight patients (61.5%) had detectable somatic alterations.
Conclusion
Detection of DDR gene mutations from plasma ctDNA at baseline was associated with better survival outcomes of pati-ents with borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant mFOLFIRINOX and may be a prognostic biomarker.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Personalized tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA monitoring for early detection of recurrence in postoperative pancreatic cancer
Jingjing Chen, Lu Zou, Xinyuan Bai, Fan Tong, Jiayao Ni, Haochen Tang, Yaru Liu, Xiang Kong, Jiani Yin, Fufeng Wang, Huizi Sha, Fanyan Meng, Juan Du
Frontiers in Oncology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Liquid Biopsy Frontiers in Pancreatic Cancer: Insights from Circulating Cell-Free Nucleic Acids
Maria Latiano, Maria De Angelis, Anna Latiano, Orazio Palmieri, Tiziana Pia Latiano, Marco Donatello Delcuratolo, Matteo Tardio, Francesca Bazzocchi, Marco Gentile, Fulvia Terracciano, Grazia Anna Niro, Francesca Tavano
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Purvi Jonnalagadda, Virginia Arnold, Benjamin A. Weinberg
Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Blood-based biomarkers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: developments over the last decade and what holds for the future- a review
Ronit Juthani, Ashish Manne
Frontiers in Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Ales Langer, Pavel Soucek, Veronika Vymetalkova, Cosmeri Rizzato, Stefania Bunduc, Ilias P. Nikas, Viktor Hlavac, Michal Kroupa, Riccardo Farinella, Daniele Campa, Beatrice Mohelnikova-Duchonova
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High somatic mutations in circulating tumor DNA predict response of metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma to first-line nab-paclitaxel plus S-1: prospective study
Lei Huang, Yao Lv, Shasha Guan, Huan Yan, Lu Han, Zhikuan Wang, Quanli Han, Guanghai Dai, Yan Shi
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Khadija Turabi, Kelsey Klute, Prakash Radhakrishnan
Cancers.2024; 16(13): 2432. CrossRef
Building on the clinical applicability of ctDNA analysis in non-metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Ibone Labiano, Ana E. Huerta, Maria Alsina, Hugo Arasanz, Natalia Castro, Saioa Mendaza, Arturo Lecumberri, Iranzu Gonzalez-Borja, David Guerrero-Setas, Ana Patiño-Garcia, Gorka Alkorta-Aranburu, Irene Hernández-Garcia, Virginia Arrazubi, Elena Mata, Davi
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Liquid biopsy analysis of lipometabolic exosomes in pancreatic cancer
Wei Guo, Peiyao Ying, Ruiyang Ma, Zuoqian Jing, Gang Ma, Jin Long, Guichen Li, Zhe Liu
Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews.2023; 73: 69. CrossRef

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Head and Neck Cancer

Outcomes and Biomarkers of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Patients with Refractory Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: KCSG HN18-12: Yun-Gyoo Lee, Hyun Chang, Bhumsuk Keam, Sang Hoon Chun, Jihyun Park, Keon Uk Park, Seong Hoon Shin, Ho Jung An, Kyoung Eun Lee, Keun-Wook Lee, Hye Ryun Kim, Sung-Bae Kim, Myung-Ju Ahn, In Gyu Hwang; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):671-677. Published online December 7, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.824

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) after platinum-containing chemotherapy. We also identified clinical biomarkers which may be predictive of patient prognosis.
Materials and Methods
We analyzed 125 patients with R/M HNSCC who received ICIs, retrospectively. Overall response rate (ORR) was the primary study outcome. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were the secondary study outcomes.
Results
The patients received anti–programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) (n=73, 58%), anti–programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) (n=24, 19%), or a combination of anti–PD-1/PD-L1 and anti–cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (n=28, 22%). The median age was 57 years (range, 37 to 87). The location of the primary tumor was in the oral cavity in 28% of the cases, followed by oropharynx (27%), hypopharynx (20%), and larynx (12%). The ORR was 15% (19/125). With 12.3 months of median follow-up, median PFS was 2.7 months. Median OS was 10.8 months. A neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) > 4 was significantly associated with poor response to ICIs (odds ratio, 0.30; p=0.022). A sum of the target lesions > 40 mm (hazard ratio [HR], 1.53; p=0.046] and a NLR > 4 (HR, 1.75; p=0.009) were considered to be predictive markers of short PFS. A poor performance status (HR, 4.79; p < 0.001), a sum of target lesions > 40 mm (HR, 1.93; p=0.025), and an NLR > 4 (HR, 3.36; p < 0.001) were the significant predictors for poor survival.
Conclusion
ICIs exhibited favorable antitumor activity in R/M HNSCC. Clinically, our findings can be used to recognize patients benefit from receiving ICI.

Citations

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Effect of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy on PD-L1 Expression on Tumor Cells in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Junghoon Shin, Jin-Haeng Chung, Se Hyun Kim, Kyu Sang Lee, Koung Jin Suh, Ji Yun Lee, Ji-Won Kim, Jeong-Ok Lee, Jin-Won Kim, Yu-Jung Kim, Keun-Wook Lee, Jee Hyun Kim, Soo-Mee Bang, Jong-Seok Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1086-1097. Published online November 5, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.537

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) axis blockades have revolutionized the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We assessed the effect of platinum-based chemotherapy on tumor PD-L1 expression and its clinical implications.
Materials and Methods
We used immunohistochemistry to retrospectively evaluate the percentage of tumor cells with membranous PD-L1 staining (tumor proportion score) in paired tumor specimens obtained before and after platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in 86 patients with NSCLC. We analyzed the correlation between the change in PD-L1 tumor proportion score and clinicopathologic characteristics, response to NACT, and survival.
Results
The PD-L1 tumor proportion score increased in a significant proportion of patients with NSCLC after platinum-based NACT (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p=0.002). That pattern was consistent across clinically defined subgroups except for patients with partial response to NACT. Tumors from 26 patients (30.2%) were PD-L1‒negative before NACT but PD-L1-positive after NACT, whereas the reverse pattern occurred in six patients (7%) (McNemar’s test, p < 0.001). Increase in PD-L1 tumor proportion score was significantly associated with lack of response to NACT (Fisher exact test, p=0.015). There was a tendency, albeit not statistically significant, for patients with an increase in PD-L1 tumor proportion score to have shorter survival.
Conclusion
Tumor PD-L1 expression increased after platinum-based NACT in a significant proportion of patients with NSCLC. Increase in tumor PD-L1 expression may predict poor clinical outcome.

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ERCC1 Expression-Based Randomized Phase II Study of Gemcitabine/Cisplatin Versus Irinotecan/Cisplatin in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Ji-Youn Han, Geon Kook Lee, Kun Young Lim, Young Ju Lee, Byung Ho Nam, Jin Soo Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):678-687. Published online October 11, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.365

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
We evaluated the clinical utility of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) expression as a predictive biomarker for platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Materials and Methods
Eligible patients were randomly assigned to the GP (gemcitabine 1,250 mg/m² on days 1 and 8, and cisplatin 75 mg/m² on day 1 every 3 weeks) or IP (irinotecan 65 mg/m² and cisplatin 30 mg/m² on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks) arm. The primary goal of this study was to compare the response rate (RR) of the GP and IP arms according to the ERCC1 expression level.
Results
A total of 279 patients were randomly assigned to the GP (n=139) and IP (n=140) arms, among which 63% were ERCC1-positive and 268 patients were assessable for the RR. The GP and IP arms did not differ significantly with respect to the RR (29.8% vs. 27.0%, respectively; p=0.082), median progression-free survival (PFS; 4.5 months vs. 3.9 months, respectively; p=0.117), and overall survival (OS; 16.5 months vs. 16.7 months, respectively; p=0.313). When comparing the efficacy between the ERCC1-positive and ERCC1-negative groups, there was no significant difference in the RR (GP, 28.2% vs. 32.6%, respectively, p=0.509; IP, 30.2% vs. 21.6%, respectively, p=0.536), median PFS (GP, 4.6 months vs. 5.0 months, respectively, p=0.506; IP, 3.9 months vs. 3.7 months, respectively, p=0.748), or median OS (GP, 18.6 months vs. 11.9 months, respectively, p=0.070; IP, 17.5 months vs. 14.0 months, respectively, p=0.821).
Conclusion
Immunohistochemical analysis of the ERCC1 expression level did not differentiate the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC.

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Meta‐Analysis of ERCC1 Protein Expression and Platinum Chemosensitivity in Non‐Small‐Cell Lung Cancer
Guoping Li, Dan Cheng, Jamal A. Mahajna
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
The role of ERCC1 and AFP gene polymorphism in hepatocellular carcinoma
Yu-Liang Huang, Jun-Rong Wu, Min Fang, Hui-Liu Zhao, Zhi-Min Liu, Jian Ye, Ling-Sha Huang, Bo Zhu
Medicine.2019; 98(14): e15090. CrossRef

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Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 (Romo1) Predicts Poor Outcomes in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Platinum-Based Chemotherapy: Seung Hyeun Lee, Sue In Choi, Ji Sung Lee, Chul Hwan Kim, Won Jai Jung, Eun Joo Lee, Kyung Hoon Min, Gyu Young Hur, Seung Heon Lee, Sung Yong Lee, Je Hyeong Kim, Sang Yeub Lee, Chol Shin, Jae Jeong Shim, Kyung Ho Kang, Kwang Ho In; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(1):141-149. Published online May 18, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.133

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (Romo1) is a key mediator of intracellular reactive oxygen species production. However, examination of the clinical usefulness of Romo1 in cancers has been limited. We evaluated the association of Romo1 expression with clinical outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
Romo1 expression in tumor tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry and evaluated by histological score. Survival analyses were performed according to Romo1 expression and the association between Romo1 expression and clinical parameters was evaluated.
Results
A total of 88 tumor specimens were analyzed. Significantly shorter median progression-free survival (PFS) was observed in the high Romo1 group compared with the low Romo1 group (4.5 months vs. 9.8 months, p < 0.001), and the median overall survival (OS) of the high Romo1 group was also significantly shorter than that of the low Romo1 group (8.4 months vs. 15.5 months, p < 0.001). Results of multivariate analyses showed significant association of high Romo1 expression with both poor PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71 to 4.44) and poor OS (HR, 3.99; 95% CI, 2.36 to 6.74). Results of the subgroup analysis showed a similar association regardless of tumor histology. Romo1 expression showed no association with any clinical parameter including age, sex, smoking status, stage, differentiation, or tumor histology.
Conclusion
Romo1 overexpression was associated with poor response to treatment and shorter survival in advanced NSCLC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Romo1 could be a potential adverse predictive marker in this setting.

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Prognostic Impact of Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 in Surgically Resected Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinomas
Tae-Woo Kim, Kiyong Na, Junyang Jung, Heejin Lim, Hyewon Seo, Seung Hyeun Lee
Oncology.2024; 102(11): 969. CrossRef
ROMO1 – a potential immunohistochemical prognostic marker for cancer development
Eva Tsoneva, Mariela B. Vasileva-Slaveva, Stoyan G. Kostov, Angel D. Yordanov
Oncologie.2023; 25(6): 753. CrossRef
Serum Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 as a Novel Predictive Biomarker for Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Pilot Study
Boksoon Chang, In Kyung Hwang, Seung Hyeun Lee
OncoTargets and Therapy.2021; Volume 14: 5097. CrossRef
Overexpression of Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 Predicts Unfavorable Clinical Outcome in EGFR-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinomas Treated With Targeted Therapy
Won Gun Kwack, Ji-Youn Sung, Seung Hyeun Lee
Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Overexpression of reactive oxygen species modulator 1 is associated with advanced grades of bladder cancer
Hadi Ghasemi, Mohammad Amin Amini, Atefeh Pegah, Ebrahim Azizi, Heidar Tayebinia, Shima Khanverdilou, Seyed Habibollah Mousavibahar, Aida Alizamir
Molecular Biology Reports.2020; 47(9): 6497. CrossRef
Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 is Associated with Poor Survival in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer After Stereotactic Fractionated Radiosurgery: A Retrospective Pilot Study

Moonkyoo Kong, Ji-Youn Sung, Seung Hyeun Lee
OncoTargets and Therapy.2020; Volume 13: 8173. CrossRef
Reactive oxygen species modulator 1 expression predicts lymph node metastasis and survival in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer
Taehee Kim, Yoon Jin Cha, Ji Hyun Park, Arum Kim, Yong Jun Choi, Hye Jung Park, Jung Weon Lee
PLOS ONE.2020; 15(12): e0239670. CrossRef
Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 (ROMO1), a New Potential Target for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Mohammad Amin Amini, Seyed Saman Talebi, Jamshid Karimi
Chonnam Medical Journal.2019; 55(3): 136. CrossRef
Reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (Romo1) as a novel diagnostic marker for lung cancer-related malignant effusion
Seung Hyeun Lee, Myung Jae Park, Sue In Choi, Eun Joo Lee, Sang Yeub Lee, Kwang Ho In
Medicine.2017; 96(4): e5975. CrossRef

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Pemetrexed Singlet Versus Nonpemetrexed-Based Platinum Doublet as Second-Line Chemotherapy after First-Line Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Failure in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with EGFR Mutations: Sehhoon Park, Bhumsuk Keam, Se Hyun Kim, Ki Hwan Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Jin-Soo Kim, Tae Min Kim, Se-Hoon Lee, Dong-Wan Kim, Jong Seok Lee, Dae Seog Heo; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):630-637. Published online February 16, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.244

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Platinum-based doublet chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the role of a platinum-based doublet as second-line therapy after failure of an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for NSCLC patients has not yet been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of pemetrexed versus a platinum-based doublet as second-line therapy after failure of EGFR TKI used as first-line therapy for NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations. Materials and Methods We designed a multicenter retrospective cohort study of 314 NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations who received an EGFR TKI as first-line palliative chemotherapy. Our analysis included 83 patients who failed EGFR TKI therapy and received second-line cytotoxic chemotherapy.
Results
Forty-six patients were treated using a platinum-based doublet and 37 patients were treated using singlet pemetrexed. The overall response rates of patients receiving a platinum-based doublet and patients receiving pemetrexed were17.4% and 32.4%, respectively (p=0.111). The median progression-free survival (PFS) of patients receiving pemetrexed was significantly longer than that of patients receiving a platinum-based doublet (4.2 months vs. 2.7 months, respectively; p=0.008). The hazard ratio was 0.54 (95% confidence interval, 0.34 to 0.86; p=0.009). Conclusion Our retrospective analysis found that second-line pemetrexed singlet therapy provided significantly prolonged PFS compared to second-line platinum-based doublet chemotherapy for NSCLC patients with EGFRmutations who failed first-line EGFR TKI. Conduct of prospective studies for confirmation of our results is warranted.

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Yuanyuan Wang, Lin Zhang, Jianhua Zhan, Ling Wen, Xinyuan Zhao, Haishuang Sun, Xueyuan Chen, Yaxiong Zhang, Gang Chen, Yuanyuan Zhao, Yan Huang, Wenfeng Fang, Li Zhang, Dongchen Sun, Yunpeng Yang
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Oncology Letters.2025; 30(1): 1. CrossRef
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Medicine.2020; 99(29): e21170. CrossRef
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Huiyu Wang, Zunjing Zhang, Feng Liu, Miaoying Zhou, Handi Lv
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Kathleen M. Aguilar, Katherine B. Winfree, Catherine E. Muehlenbein, Yajun Emily Zhu, Thomas Wilson, Stewart Wetmore, Eric S. Nadler
Advances in Therapy.2018; 35(11): 1905. CrossRef
The prognostic value of CT radiomic features for patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Hyungjin Kim, Chang Min Park, Bhumsuk Keam, Sang Joon Park, Miso Kim, Tae Min Kim, Dong-Wan Kim, Dae Seog Heo, Jin Mo Goo, Fan Yang
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Gemcitabine Plus Platinum Combination Chemotherapy for Elderly Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis: Sang Hoon Chun, Ji Eun Lee, Mi Hee Park, Jin-Hyoung Kang, Young Kyoon Kim, Young-Pil Wang, Jae Kil Park, Hoon-Kyo Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(4):217-224. Published online December 27, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.4.217

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
This study aimed to analyze the efficacy and toxicity of gemcitabine plus platinum chemotherapy for patients aged 70 years or older with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed the records of stage IIIB, IV NSCLC patients or surgically inoperable stage II, IIIA NSCLC patients who were aged 70 years or older when treated with gemcitabine (1,250 mg/m2) plus cisplatin (75 mg/m2) or carboplatin (AUC5) chemotherapy from 2001 to 2010 at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital and St. Vincent's Hospital. Gemcitabine was administered on days 1 and 8, and cisplatin or carboplatin was administered on day 1. Treatments were repeated every 3 weeks for a maximum of 4 cycles.
RESULTS
The median age of the 62 patients was 73.5 years (range, 70 to 84 years). Forty-one (66%) patients exhibited comorbidity. The mean number of treatment cycles was 3.9. The compared average relative dose intensity of gemcitabine plus platinum chemotherapy was 84.8%. The median progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) were 5.0 months and 9.4 months, respectively. Reduced Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (none vs. > or =1) and weight loss (<5% vs. > or =5%) after treatment were found to have a significant effect on OS (p=0.01).
CONCLUSION
Gemcitabine plus platinum chemotherapy is an effective treatment option with an acceptable level of toxicity in patients aged 70 years or older with good performance status in advanced NSCLC.

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Xue-Song Sun, Xiao-Hao Wang, Sai-Lan Liu, Dong-Hua Luo, Rui Sun, Li-Ting Liu, Shan-Shan Guo, Qiu-Yan Chen, Lin-Quan Tang, Hai-Qiang Mai
Frontiers in Oncology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
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Yui Tomita, Toshiaki Saito, Masao Okadome, Takako Eto, Kazuya Ariyoshi, Kumi Shimamoto
International Journal of Clinical Oncology.2014; 19(4): 662. CrossRef
A cross-country review of data collected on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in cancer registries, databases, retrospective and non-randomized prospective studies
Anna De Geer, Jennifer Eriksson, Henrik W. Finnern
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Anandi Sawant, Jessy Deshane, Joel Jules, Carnella M. Lee, Brittney A. Harris, Xu Feng, Selvarangan Ponnazhagan
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Cisplatin-Based Combination Chemotherapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single Center Experience before the Sorafenib Era: Nae Yu Kim, Jong Mu Sun, Yu-Jung Kim, Keun-Wook Lee, Jee Hyun Kim, Soo-Mee Bang, Jin-Wook Kim, Sook-Hyang Jeong, Jong Seok Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(4):203-209. Published online December 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.4.203

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

Systemic chemotherapy is the only option for patients with unresectable/metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are not candidates for local/regional treatment. However, the response to such treatment and survival are poor, especially in hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemic areas. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy and identify a subgroup of advanced HCC patients with favorable responses.

Materials and Methods

The medical records of all consecutive patients with unresectable/metastatic HCC who received cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy between January 2003 and October 2009 were reviewed. Time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) were determined using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for TTP and OS.

Results

Data for 46 patients were analyzed. First-line chemotherapies consisted of cisplatin-based combination treatment with doxorubicin, fluoropyrimidines and gemcitabine. The response rate for all patients was 4.3%. The median TTP and OS were 1.8 (95%confidence interval [CI], 1.1 to 2.5) and 7.2 (95% CI, 3.0 to 11.5) months, respectively. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS), Child classification, Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) score and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) were identified by univariate analyses as prognostic factors for TTP and OS. ECOG PS (hazard ratio [HR], 4.51; 95% CI, 1.61 to 12.6; p=0.004) and PVT (HR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.10 to 4.11; p=0.026) were independent prognostic factors for TTP.

Conclusion

Cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy in patients with advanced HCC has a low response rate and short TTP regardless of the chemotherapy regimen used. Patients with a good ECOG PS and without PVT can be considered candidates for cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy.

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Siyu Zhang, Jun Ma, Tingdong Yu, Zhengrui Song, Wan Yee Lau, Yong Zha
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Jiajia Bao, Yonglin He, Chun Yang, Nan Lu, Anlong Li, Sijia Gao, Felycia Fernanda Hosyanto, Jialing Tang, Junzhuo Si, Xia Tang, Huichao Fu, Lei Xu, Harish Chandra
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(1): e0281170. CrossRef
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Yao‐Chung Liu, Chien‐Wei Su, Po‐Shen Ko, Rheun‐Chuan Lee, Chia‐Jen Liu, Yi‐Hsiang Huang, Jyh‐Pyng Gau, Jin‐Hwang Liu
Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology.2022; 18(1): 19. CrossRef
A MAA-based dosimetric study in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma treated with a combination of chemotherapy and 90Y-loaded glass microsphere selective internal radiation therapy
Vincent Manceau, Xavier Palard, Yan Rolland, March Pracht, Samuel Le Sourd, Sophie Laffont, Karim Boudjema, Astride Lievre, Habiba Mesbah, Laure-Anne Haumont, Laurence Lenoir, Vanessa Brun, Thomas Uguen, Julien Edeline, Etienne Garin
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.2018; 45(10): 1731. CrossRef
Upregulated miR-182 increases drug resistance in cisplatin-treated HCC cell by regulating TP53INP1
Jun Qin, Meng Luo, Haixin Qian, Wei Chen
Gene.2014; 538(2): 342. CrossRef
The effects of fucodian on senescence are controlled by the p16INK4a-pRb and p14Arf-p53 pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic cell lines
EUN-YOUNG MIN, IN-HYE KIM, JUNGIM LEE, EUN-YOUNG KIM, YOUN-HEE CHOI, TAEK-JEONG NAM
International Journal of Oncology.2014; 45(1): 47. CrossRef
The flavonoids diosmetin and luteolin exert synergistic cytostatic effects in human hepatoma HepG2 cells via CYP1A-catalyzed metabolism, activation of JNK and ERK and P53/P21 up-regulation
Vasilis P. Androutsopoulos, Demetrios A. Spandidos
The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.2013; 24(2): 496. CrossRef
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Selective Cytotoxicity of the New Platnum ( 2 ) Complexes on Human Gastric Cancer Cell - lines and Normal Kidney Cells: Jee Chang Jung, Sung Goo Chang, Young Soo Rho; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1999;31(5):1035-1043.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Platinum coordination complex (cisplatin) has been currently used as one of the most effective compound in the treatment of various solid tumors. However, its use has been limited by severe side effects such as renal toxicity. Our platinum-based drug discovery program has been aimed at developing drugs capable of diminishing toxicity and selective cytotoxicity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A new series of highly water soluble platinum (II) complexes Pt (II) [1,3-Bis (phenylthio) propane) (trans-l-1,2-diaminocyclohexane) (PC-1) and Pt (II) [1,3-Bis-(phenylthio) (propane)]-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (PC-2) were synthesized and characterized by their elemental analysis and by various spectroscopic techniques [infrared (.IR), ""C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)]. In vitro antitumor activity and nephrotoxi -cities of new Pt (II) complexes were tested against MKN-45 human gastric cancer cell- lines and normal kidney cells using colorimetric MTT[3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay for cell survival and proliferation.
RESULTS
PC-1 showed activity against MKN-45/P and MKN-45/CDDP human gastric adenocarcinoma cells, and the antitumor activity of this compound was comparable or superior to that of PC-2 and cisplatin. The nephrotoxicity of PC-1 and PC-2 were found quite less than that of cisplatin using MTT, [H] thymidine uptake and glucose consumption tests in rabbit proximal tubule cells, human kidney cortical cells and human renal cortical tissues.
CONCLUSION
Based on these results, this novel platinum (II) complex compound (PC-1) represent a valuable lead in the development of a new anticancer chemotherapeutic agent capable of improving antitumor activity and low nephrotoxicity.

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Liposomes as Acitivators of Lipophilic Platinum (2 ) Complexes: In Sook Han, Young Jae Lee; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1999;31(1):180-187.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The goal of this study is to understand the activation processes that take place within the liposomal formulation of lipophilic diaminocyclohexane platinum (DACH-Pt) complexes, to identify the activated species of this class of compounds, and to use that information to develop a reproducible liposomal formulation of DACH-Pt complexes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Liposomal DACH-Pt complexes were prepared by lyophilization-rehydration method using PC, PG and PA. Their intraliposomal stability and biological activity were determined by HPLC and in vitro/in vivo experiments.
RESULTS
DACH-Pt complexes in a liposomal formulation have shown significant promise in preclinical studies and clinical phase I, II trials. Interestingly, they are prodrugs which converts into one or more undetennined activated platinum species within the liposomes ex vivo. Our studies have shown that the stability of liposomal DACH-Pt complexes is inversely related with the antitumor activity of those complexes. The configuratian of leaving group in the complexes and pH of the liposome suspension affect significantly the degradation/activation process that takes place within the liposomes. DACH-Pt complexes with linear (L10) leaving groups are more stable than complexes with branched ones (B10 and NDDP), but also significantly less potent. The presence of PG and PA in the liposome is a prerequisite for the degradation/activation process of DACH-Pt complexes. As PG and PA formulation gave more dramatic changes of the original complexes than PC alone due to lower pH, the cytotoxicity and antitumor activity at those fonnulations increased against PC alone. DACH-Pt complexes are very stable in liposomes containing PC alone but inactive in vitro/in vivo experiments.
CONCLUSION
These results also support that the active species produced within the liposomal DACH-Pt complexes is DACH-Pt-Cl2.

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