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- Skin cancer
- Association between Obesity and Melanoma Risk in an Asian Population: A Nationwide Cohort Study
- Hye Yeon Koo, Kyungdo Han, Jihye Park, Jinhyung Jung, Seonghye Kim, Hyeonjin Cho, In Young Cho, Dong Wook Shin
- Cancer Res Treat. 2026;58(2):677-685. Published online June 18, 2025
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2025.169
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Abstract
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Supplementary Material
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ePub - Purpose
Previous studies from mostly Western populations have suggested possible associations between obesity and melanoma risk. This study aimed to investigate associations between obesity status and melanoma using a nationwide cohort of Koreans.
Materials and Methods
A total of 4,441,403 adults who received a national health examination in 2012 were included from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, and followed until December 31, 2022. Obesity status was defined based on the body mass index at the baseline health examination. Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed to evaluate associations between obesity status and incident melanoma, with adjustment for confounders. Stratified analyses were performed by sex and menopausal status (in women).
Results
Overall, melanoma risk increased according to obesity status (p for trend=0.024); adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for melanoma risk were 0.766 (0.438–1.340) in underweight; 1.292 (1.072–1.557) in overweight; 1.202 (1.002–1.442) in obesity; and 1.191 (0.798–1.778) in severe obesity compared to normal weight (reference). In stratified analyses, similar trends to those of the overall study population were observed among men and premenopausal women (p for trend=0.052 in men and 0.036 in premenopausal women). Among premenopausal women, the risk of melanoma increased linearly with obesity status. Meanwhile, among postmenopausal women, melanoma risk showed no significant difference or trend according to obesity status.
Conclusion
Overweight and obesity were associated with increased risk of melanoma in a population-based cohort of Koreans. Obese individuals, especially men and premenopausal women, may require more thorough prevention and screening strategies for melanoma. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Obesity and Cancer: Mechanisms, Epidemiological Evidence, and Potential Risk Reduction
Jung-sun Lim, Seonghye Kim, In Young Cho, Dong Wook Shin
Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome.2026; 35(1): 14. CrossRef - Obesity and melanoma: unraveling the paradoxical survival benefit in immunotherapy
Junjie Yang, Qingqing Hu, Chunyu Xue
Cancer and Metastasis Reviews.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
- Obesity and Cancer: Mechanisms, Epidemiological Evidence, and Potential Risk Reduction
- 2,552 View
- 65 Download
- 2 Web of Science
- 2 Crossref
- Gastrointestinal cancer
- Association of Body Mass Index with Survival in Asian Patients with Colorectal Cancer
- Sangwon Lee, Dong Hee Lee, Jae-Hoon Lee, Su-Jin Shin, Hye Sun Lee, Eun Jung Park, Seung Hyuk Baik, Kang Young Lee, Jeonghyun Kang
- Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):860-872. Published online October 15, 2021
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.656
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Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
- Purpose
The clinical significance of body mass index (BMI) on long-term outcomes has not been extensively investigated in Asian patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to describe the association between BMI and survival, plus providing BMI cut-off value for predicting prognosis in CRC patients.
Materials and Methods
A total of 1,182 patients who had undergone surgery for stage I-III CRC from June 2004 to February 2014 were included. BMI was categorized into four groups based on the recommendation for Asian ethnicity. The optimal BMI cut-off value was determined to maximize overall survival (OS) difference.
Results
In multivariable analysis, underweight BMI was significantly associated with poor OS (hazard ratio [HR], 2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55 to 3.71; p < 0.001) and obese BMI was associated with better OS (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.97; p=0.036) compared with the normal BMI. Overweight and obese BMI were associated with better recurrence-free survival (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.99; p=0.046 and HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.89; p=0.014, respectively) compared with the normal BMI group. BMI cutoff value was 20.44 kg/m2. Adding the BMI cutoff value to cancer staging could increase discriminatory performance in terms of integrated area under the curve and Harrell’s concordance index.
Conclusion
Compared to normal BMI, underweight BMI was associated with poor survival whereas obese BMI was associated with better survival. BMI cut-off value of 20.44 kg/m2 is a useful discriminator in Asian patients with CRC. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Impact of overweight and obesity on gastric and colorectal cancer incidence in the older adults: a nationwide cohort study
Jinju Choi, Cheol Min Shin, Kyungdo Han, Jin-Hyung Jung, Se Yun Kim, Hyemin Jo, Ho-Kyoung Lee, Eun Hyo Jin, Seung Joo Kang, Joo Hyun Lim, Dong Ho Lee
BMC Geriatrics.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Comment on “Dense Tumor‐Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) in Liver Metastasis From Colorectal Cancer Are Related to Improved Overall Survival”
Fuji Lai, Sheng Li, Zhonglei Shen
Journal of Surgical Oncology.2025; 131(4): 566. CrossRef - Body mass index, weight change, and cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis and systematic review of 73 cohort studies
H. Wen, G. Deng, X. Shi, Z. Liu, A. Lin, Q. Cheng, J. Zhang, P. Luo
ESMO Open.2024; 9(3): 102241. CrossRef - Trends in Anticoagulant Utilization and Clinical Outcomes for Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: A Multicenter Cohort Study in Thailand's Upper-Middle–Income Country Setting
Kirati Kengkla, Surakit Nathisuwan, Warunsuda Sripakdee, Pirun Saelue, Kwanruethai Sengnoo, Aumkhae Sookprasert, Suphat Subongkot
JCO Global Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Post‐diagnosis adiposity and colorectal cancer prognosis: A Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) systematic literature review and meta‐analysis
Nerea Becerra‐Tomás, Georgios Markozannes, Margarita Cariolou, Katia Balducci, Rita Vieira, Sonia Kiss, Dagfinn Aune, Darren C. Greenwood, Laure Dossus, Ellen Copson, Andrew G. Renehan, Martijn Bours, Wendy Demark‐Wahnefried, Melissa M. Hudson, Anne M. Ma
International Journal of Cancer.2024; 155(3): 400. CrossRef - Low muscle mass-to-fat ratio is an independent factor that predicts worse overall survival and complications in patients with colon cancer: a retrospective single-center cohort study
Jiabao Tang, Jingwen Xu, Xiaohua Li, Chun Cao
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2024; 107(2): 68. CrossRef - Obesity, the Adipose Organ and Cancer in Humans: Association or Causation?
Elisabetta Trevellin, Silvia Bettini, Anna Pilatone, Roberto Vettor, Gabriella Milan
Biomedicines.2023; 11(5): 1319. CrossRef - Higher body mass index was associated with better prognosis in diabetic patients with stage II colorectal cancer
Xiao-Yu Liu, Bing Kang, Yu-Xi Cheng, Chao Yuan, Wei Tao, Bin Zhang, Zheng-Qiang Wei, Dong Peng
BMC Cancer.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen to body mass index ratio contributes to prognosis prediction in colorectal cancer
Jia Xiang, Mengyao Ding, Jixing Lin, Tianhui Xue, Qianwen Ye, Bing Yan
Oncology Letters.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
- Impact of overweight and obesity on gastric and colorectal cancer incidence in the older adults: a nationwide cohort study
- 11,015 View
- 160 Download
- 11 Web of Science
- 9 Crossref
- Body Mass Index and Risk of Gastric Cancer in Asian Adults: A Meta-Epidemiological Meta-Analysis of Population-Based Cohort Studies
- Jong-Myon Bae
- Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(2):369-373. Published online August 12, 2019
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.241
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Abstract
PDFPubReaderePub
- Purpose
A previous meta-analysis (MA) published in 2009 reported that excess body weight was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer in non-Asians, but not in Asians. The aim was to conduct a meta-epidemiological MA (MEMA) to evaluate association between excess body weight and the risk of gastric cancer in Asian adults with using the proposed classification of weight by body mass index (BMI) in Asian adults.
Materials and Methods
The selection criteria were population-based prospective cohort studies that measured BMI of cohort participants and evaluated a risk of gastric cancer. Overweight group (OW) and obesity group (OB) were defined as 23.0-24.9 and ≥ 25.0, respectively. A group only showing results for BMI over 23.0 was defined as overweight and obesity group (OWB). Random effect model was applied if I2 value was over 50%.
Results
After four new studies were added through citation discovery tools, seven cohort studies with 21 datasets were selected finally for MEMA. The I2 value of OW, OB, and OWB were 76.1%, 83.5%, and 97.1%, respectively. Only OWB in men had a I2 value below 50% (22.5%) and showed a statistical significance with inverse association (summary relative risk, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.77 to 0.81).
Conclusion
This MEMA supported the hypothesis that OW might be a protective factor in gastric cancer risk in Asian adults. It will be necessary to conduct additional cohort studies with lengthening follow-up periods and re-analyzing the effect of overweight and obesity classified by the Asian criteria. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Obesity, type 2 diabetes and cancers of the digestive system
Simona Cernea, Dana Crişan, Cristina-Mihaela Lăcătuşu, Oana Patricia Zaharia, Sofiya Gancheva
Seminars in Cancer Biology.2026; 121: 1. CrossRef - Association between body mass index and major cancers with a focus on breast in South and Southeast Asia: A regional systematic review and meta-analysis
Rokshana Parvin, Aliza K C Bhandari, Richa Shah, Mutsumi Murakami, Giulia Ollatuzzo, Paolo Boffetta, Sarah K Abe
Asian Journal of Oncology.2026; 12: 7. CrossRef - Can patients with mild non-neoplastic lesions diagnosed at baseline screening be safely exempt from surveillance: evidence from multicenter community-based cohorts
Siyi He, Zhiyi Zhang, Guohui Song, Zhenhai Wang, Chunyun Dai, Shipeng Yan, Kun Jiang, Bingbing Song, He Li, Maomao Cao, Dianqin Sun, Fan Yang, Xinxin Yan, Shaoli Zhang, Yi Teng, Qianru Li, Changfa Xia, Wanqing Chen
Science China Life Sciences.2025; 68(1): 263. CrossRef - Oxidative Stress and Redox Signaling in Gastric Cancer: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implications
Zehua Chen, Jiawu Fan, Xiaolong Chen, Kun Yang, Kui Wang
Antioxidants.2025; 14(3): 258. CrossRef - Differences in the Effect of Physical Activity on the Prevention of Gastric Cancer According to Sex
Hyeong Ho Jo, Nayoung Kim, Jieun Jang, Yonghoon Choi, Jung Won Lee
Journal of Gastric Cancer.2025; 25(2): 343. CrossRef - Short-term outcomes of minimally invasive gastrectomy in population with obesity versus population without obesity: the obesity paradox
Marco Milone, Anna D’Amore, Gian Luca Baiocchi, Fabio Cianchi, Giovanni De Manzoni, Stefano De Pascale, Maurizio Degiuli, Giorgio Ercolani, Giovanni Ferrari, Laura Fortuna, Romario Uberto Fumagalli, Monica Gualtierotti, Federico Marchesi, Andrea Peri, Fra
Updates in Surgery.2025; 77(5): 1637. CrossRef - Risk factors for gastric cancer: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Jin Long Liang, Hui Ming Yuan, Chao Quan, Jun Qiang Chen
Frontiers in Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Gastric Cancer and Obesity: Disease Occurrence and Perioperative Treatment
Ruixin Xu, Siwei Pan, Yanqiang Zhang, Can Hu, Zhiyuan Xu
The Journal of Nutrition.2025; 155(9): 2799. CrossRef - Association between metabolic syndrome and prognosis in elderly gastric cancer patients
Yanjun Yu, Yiqian Wu, Qiang Sun
Geriatric Nursing.2025; 66: 103570. CrossRef - Interaction between dietary nutrients related to one-carbon metabolism intakes and AHCY rs819173 polymorphism in the risk of gastric cancer: a case–control study in Korea
Ha Thi Mien Nguyen, Madhawa Gunathilake, Jeonghee Lee, Il Ju Choi, Yong-Il Kim, Jeongseon Kim
British Journal of Nutrition.2025; 134(5): 353. CrossRef - Gastric cancer and metabolic syndrome
Hyeong Ho Jo
Kosin Medical Journal.2024; 39(1): 26. CrossRef - Prevalence and determinants of obesity and its association with upper gastrointestinal diseases in people aged 40–69 years in Yangzhong, southeast China
Xiang Feng, Jinhua Zhu, Zhaolai Hua, Shenghua Yao, Hongjun Yin, Qiuping Shi, Jinyi Zhou
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Association of Body Mass Index and the Risk of Gastro-Esophageal Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study in a Japanese Population
Zhaoping Zang, Yi Shao, Rena Nakyeyune, Yi Shen, Chen Niu, Lingyan Zhu, Xiaoli Ruan, Tong Wei, Ping Wei, Fen Liu
Nutrition and Cancer.2023; 75(2): 542. CrossRef - Body Mass Index and Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies
Junhao Chen, Kaimin Ke, Zhenghuan Liu, Luchen Yang, Linchun Wang, Jing Zhou, Qiang Dong
Nutrition and Cancer.2023; 75(4): 1051. CrossRef - Global burden of gastric cancer: epidemiological trends, risk factors, screening and prevention
Aaron P. Thrift, Theresa Nguyen Wenker, Hashem B. El-Serag
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology.2023; 20(5): 338. CrossRef - Gastric Cancer Risk in Association with Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Narges Azizi, Moein Zangiabadian, Golnoosh Seifi, Afshan Davari, Elham Yekekhani, Seyed Amir Ahmad Safavi-Naini, Nathan A. Berger, Mohammad Javad Nasiri, Mohammad-Reza Sohrabi
Cancers.2023; 15(10): 2778. CrossRef - The causal association between obesity and gastric cancer and shared molecular signatures: a large-scale Mendelian randomization and multi-omics analysis
Abao Xing, Henry H. Y. Tong, Songyan Liu, Xiaobing Zhai, Li Yu, Kefeng Li
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Predicts Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (PD-1/PD-L1) Outcomes
Li Chen, Hao Sun, Ruihu Zhao, Rong Huang, Hongming Pan, Yanjiao Zuo, Lele Zhang, Yingwei Xue, Hongjiang Song, Xingrui Li
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Metabolic syndrome, obesity and cancer risk
Federico Belladelli, Francesco Montorsi, Alberto Martini
Current Opinion in Urology.2022; 32(6): 594. CrossRef - Obesity as a Risk Factor for Different Cancers: Systematic Review
Abdelrahman Mohamed Ahmed Abukanna, Ziyad Mubarak S Alanazi, Amer Meshal H Alanazi, Atheer Humaidy S Alenazi, Abdulrahman Obaid A Alanazi, Khaloud Attaulla Alenezi, Gharam Mahmood Alsalmi
Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal.2022; 11(6): 45. CrossRef - Obesity as a Risk Factor for Various Cancers: A Systematic Review
Abdelrahman Mohamed Ahmed Abukanna, Ziyad Mubarak S Alanazi, Amer Meshal H Alanazi, Atheer Humaidy S Alenazi, Abdulrahman Obaid A Alanazi, Khaloud Attaulla Alenezi, Gharam Mahmood Alsalmi
Asian journal of Current Research in Clinical Cancer.2022; 2(2): 6. CrossRef - Esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma shares characteristics with gastric adenocarcinoma: Literature review and retrospective multicenter cohort study
Yu Imamura, Masayuki Watanabe, Eiji Oki, Masaru Morita, Hideo Baba
Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery.2021; 5(1): 46. CrossRef - Body composition and risk of gastric cancer: A population‐based prospective cohort study
An‐Ran Liu, Qiang‐Sheng He, Wen‐Hui Wu, Jian‐Liang Du, Zi‐Chong Kuo, Bin Xia, Yan Tang, Peng Yun, Eddie C. Cheung, You‐Zhen Tang, Yu‐Long He, Chang‐Hua Zhang, Jin‐Qiu Yuan, Gang Sun
Cancer Medicine.2021; 10(6): 2164. CrossRef - Gastric Cancer Epidemiology
Aaron P. Thrift, Theresa H. Nguyen
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America.2021; 31(3): 425. CrossRef - Healthy Lifestyle Factors, Cancer Family History, and Gastric Cancer Risk: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in China
Jinyu Man, Yingchun Ni, Xiaorong Yang, Tongchao Zhang, Ziyu Yuan, Hui Chen, Xingdong Chen, Ming Lu, Weimin Ye
Frontiers in Nutrition.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
- Obesity, type 2 diabetes and cancers of the digestive system
- 9,966 View
- 276 Download
- 25 Web of Science
- 25 Crossref
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