Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Comparative Study of Mastectomy Using Conventional Techniques, Multiport and Single-Port Robotic Surgical Systems: Jeea Lee, Jieon Go, Suk Jun Lee, Yonghan Kwon, Nam Hee Kim, Jee Ye Kim, Hyung Seok Park; Received January 31, 2025 Accepted May 6, 2025 Published online May 7, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2025.115 [Accepted]

Abstract PDF: Purpose
Oncologic and surgical outcomes of robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (RNSM) compared to conventional NSM (CNSM) is under investigation. This study compared the clinical outcomes of recurrence-free survival and postoperative complication after RNSM and CNSM.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed data of 401 patients who underwent da Vinci Si/Xi/SP-assisted RNSM or CNSM with immediate reconstruction between November 2016 and November 2020 at a single institute. Oncological outcomes were collected until March 2022. Primary endpoints were long-term outcomes, such as local recurrence, distant metastasis, disease-free survival, overall survival, and postoperative complications, while secondary endpoints were pathology results, and oncological outcomes.
Results
Patients underwent RNSM (n=162) or CNSM (n=239). Of RNSM cases, 9 (5.6%) were performed using the da Vinci Si System, 96 (59.3%) using the da Vinci Xi System, and 57 (35.2%) using the da Vinci SP System. No significant difference in recurrence-free survival was found between the RNSM and CNSM group, and both groups had a median follow-up of 37 months. The recurrence rate in RNSM patients after a median follow-up of 24.5 months was 3.8%, compared with 5.9% in CNSM patients after a median follow-up of 42 months. No difference in recurrence was seen among RNSM patients with respect to surgical systems (multiport vs. SP, p =0.136). In addition, grade III postoperative complication rate was lower in patients with RNSM than in those with CNSM. Transfusion was only applied in 6.2% of patients.
Conclusion
Robot-assisted surgical systems can be safely used to perform NSM in patients with early breast cancer.

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Breast cancer

Locoregional Recurrence in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Breast: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study (KROG 22-14): Sang Min Lee, Bum-Sup Jang, Won Park, Yong Bae Kim, Jin Ho Song, Jin Hee Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, In Ah Kim, Jong Hoon Lee, Sung-Ja Ahn, Kyubo Kim, Ah Ram Chang, Jeanny Kwon, Hae Jin Park, Kyung Hwan Shin; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(1):150-158. Published online July 12, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.201

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Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the treatment approaches and locoregional patterns for adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) in the breast, which is an uncommon malignant tumor with limited clinical data.
Materials and Methods
A total of 93 patients diagnosed with primary ACC in the breast between 1992 and 2022 were collected from multi-institutions. All patients underwent surgical resection, including breast-conserving surgery (BCS) or total mastectomy (TM). Recurrence patterns and locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) were assessed.
Results
Seventy-five patients (80.7%) underwent BCS, and 71 of them (94.7%) received post-operative radiation therapy (PORT). Eighteen patients (19.3%) underwent TM, with five of them (27.8%) also receiving PORT. With a median follow-up of 50 months, the LRFS rate was 84.2% at 5 years. Local recurrence (LR) was observed in five patients (5.4%) and four cases (80%) of the LR occurred in the tumor bed. Three of LR (3/75, 4.0%) had a history of BCS and PORT, meanwhile, two of LR (2/18, 11.1%) had a history of mastectomy. Regional recurrence occurred in two patients (2.2%), and both cases had a history of PORT with (n=1) and without (n=1) irradiation of the regional lymph nodes. Partial breast irradiation (p=0.35), BCS (p=0.96) and PORT in BCS group (p=0.33) had no significant association with LRFS.
Conclusion
BCS followed by PORT was the predominant treatment approach for ACC of the breast and LR mostly occurred in the tumor bed. The findings of this study suggest that partial breast irradiation might be considered for PORT in primary breast ACC.

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Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Breast: A Narrative Review and Update on Management
Taylor Neilson, Zaibo Li, Christina Minami, Sara P. Myers
Cancers.2025; 17(7): 1079. CrossRef

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Impact of Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy on Breast Cancer Patients According to Pathologic Nodal Status after Modern Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Dowook Kim, Jin Ho Kim, In Ah Kim, Ji Hyun Chang, Kyung Hwan Shin; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):592-602. Published online October 11, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.998

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Purpose
The utility of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) for breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is highly controversial. This study evaluated the impact of PMRT according to pathologic nodal status after modern NAC.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 682 patients with clinical stage II-III breast cancer who underwent NAC and mastectomy from 2013 to 2017. In total, 596 patients (87.4%) received PMRT, and 86 (12.6%) did not. We investigated the relationships among locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS), disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and various prognostic factors. Subgroup analyses were also performed to identify patients who may benefit from PMRT.
Results
The median follow-up duration was 67 months. In ypN+ patients (n=368, 51.2%), PMRT showed significant benefits in terms of LRRFS, DFS, and OS (all p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, histologic grade (HG) III (p=0.002), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (p=0.045), and ypN2-3 (p=0.02) were significant risk factors for poor LRRFS. In ypN1 patients with more than two prognostic factors among luminal/human epidermal growth factor receptor-2–negative subtype, HG I-II, and absence of LVI, PMRT had no significant effect on LRRFS (p=0.18). In ypN0 patients (n=351, 48.8%), PMRT was not significantly associated with LRRFS, DFS, or OS. However, PMRT showed better LRRFS in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients (p=0.03).
Conclusion
PMRT had a major impact on treatment outcomes in patients with residual lymph nodes following NAC and mastectomy. Among ypN0 patients, PMRT may be beneficial only for those with TNBC.

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Impact of postmastectomy radiotherapy on locoregional recurrence and survival in patients with ypN0 breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review
Fangjie Ding, Junfeng Zhao, Xue Wu, Xiaoman Liu, Yunxing Yang, Ying Li, Lili Qiao, Yingying Zhang
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2025; 21(2): 477. CrossRef
Value of postmastectomy radiotherapy on overall survival in stage II–III node-negative patients following neoadjuvant therapy: A surveillance, epidemiology, and end results-based population study
Xiaoyu Wang, Xiaolin Zhao, Pian Cheng, Xiaomeng Zou, Weike Zhang, Jie Liu
Science Progress.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Analysis of Individualized Silicone Rubber Bolus Using Fan Beam Computed Tomography in Postmastectomy Radiotherapy: A Dosimetric Evaluation and Skin Acute Radiation Dermatitis Survey
Xue-mei Chen, Chen-di Xu, Li-ping Zeng, Xiao-tong Huang, Ao-qiang Chen, Lu Liu, Liu-wen Lin, Le-cheng Jia, Hua Li, Xiao-bo Jiang
Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Does Post-Mastectomy Radiotherapy Confer Survival Benefits on Patients With 1-3 Clinically Positive Lymph Nodes Rendered Pathologically Negative After Neoadjuvant Systemic Chemotherapy: Consensus from A Pooled Analysis?
Munaser Alamoodi
European Journal of Breast Health.2024; 20(2): 81. CrossRef
Oncological outcomes of stage I–II breast cancer treatment after subcutaneous/skin-sparing mastectomies with reconstruction
E. A. Rasskazova, A. D. Zikiryakhodzhaev
MD-Onco.2024; 4(3): 37. CrossRef
Effectiveness of mat pilates on fatigue in women with breast cancer submitted to adjuvant radiotherapy: randomized controlled clinical trial
Daniele Medeiros Torres, Kelly de Menezes Fireman, Erica Alves Nogueira Fabro, Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler, Rosalina Jorge Koifman, Anke Bergmann, Sabrina da Silva Santos
Supportive Care in Cancer.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Role of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer Patients Who Become Clinically Node-Negative Following Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Literature Review
Giulia Ferrarazzo, Alberto Nieri, Emma Firpo, Andrea Rattaro, Alessandro Mignone, Flavio Guasone, Augusto Manzara, Giuseppe Perniciaro, Stefano Spinaci
Current Oncology.2023; 30(10): 8703. CrossRef

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Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy for Node-Negative Breast Cancer of 5 cm or Larger Tumors: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis (KROG 20-03): Kyubo Kim, Jinhong Jung, Haeyoung Kim, Wonguen Jung, Kyung Hwan Shin, Ji Hyun Chang, Su Ssan Kim, Won Park, Jee Suk Chang, Yong Bae Kim, Sung Ja Ahn, Ik Jae Lee, Jong Hoon Lee, Hae Jin Park, Jihye Cha, Juree Kim, Jin Hwa Choi, Taeryool Koo, Jeanny Kwon, Jin Hee Kim, Mi Young Kim, Shin-Hyung Park, Yeon-Joo Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):497-504. Published online August 25, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.933

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Purpose
To evaluate the role of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) in patients with node-negative breast cancer of 5cm or larger tumors undergoing mastectomy
Materials and Methods
Medical records of 274 patients from 18 institutions treated with mastectomy between January 2000 and December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Among these, 202 patients underwent PMRT, while 72 did not. Two hundred and forty-one patients (88.0%) received systemic chemotherapy, and 172 (62.8%) received hormonal therapy. Patients receiving PMRT were younger, more likely to have progesterone receptor-positive tumors, and received adjuvant chemotherapy more frequently compared with those without PMRT (p <0.001, 0.018, and <0.001, respectively). Other characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups.
Results
With a median follow-up of 95 months (range, 1-249), there were 9 locoregional recurrences, and 20 distant metastases. The 8-year locoregional recurrence-free survival rates were 98.0% with PMRT and 91.3% without PMRT (p=0.133), and the 8-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 91.8% with PMRT and 73.9% without PMRT (p=0.008). On multivariate analysis incorporating age, histologic grade, lymphovascular invasion, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, and PMRT, the absence of lymphovascular invasion and the receipt of PMRT were associated with improved DFS (p=0.025 and 0.009, respectively).
Conclusion
Locoregional recurrence rate was very low in node-negative breast cancer of 5cm or larger tumors treated with mastectomy regardless of the receipt of PMRT. However, PMRT was significantly associated with improved DFS. Further investigation is needed to confirm these findings.

Citations

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Outcomes with and without postmastectomy radiotherapy for pT3N0‐1M0 breast cancer: An institutional experience
Xinxin Rao, Xuanyi Wang, Kairui Jin, Yilan Yang, Xu Zhao, Zhe Pan, Weiluo Lv, Zhen Zhang, Li Zhang, Xiaoli Yu, Xiaomao Guo
Cancer Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The effect of radiotherapy on patients with pathological stage IIB breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy: A cohort study
Yi-Ying Pan, Tzu-Yu Lai, Cheng-Ying Shiau, Ling-Ming Tseng, I-Chun Lai, Yu-Ming Liu, Pin-I Huang
Journal of the Chinese Medical Association.2024; 87(2): 202. CrossRef
Post-mastectomy radiation therapy after breast reconstruction: from historic dogmas to practical expert agreements based on a large literature review of surgical and radiation therapy considerations
Yazid Belkacemi, Meena S. Moran, Burcu Celet Ozden, Yazan Masannat, Fady Geara, Mohamed Albashir, Nhu Hanh To, Kamel Debbi, Mahmoud El Tamer
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2024; 200: 104421. CrossRef
Impact of the 21-gene recurrence score testing on chemotherapy selection and clinical outcomes in T3N0 luminal breast cancer
Ke Liu, Jia-Yi Li, Guan-Qiao Li, Zhen-Yu He, San-Gang Wu
Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.2024; 24(12): 1283. CrossRef
Post-Mastectomy Radiation Therapy: Applications and Advancements
Jessica L. Thompson, Steven G. Allen, Cecilia Pesavento, Corey W. Speers, Jacqueline S. Jeruss
Current Breast Cancer Reports.2022; 14(3): 75. CrossRef

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General

Attitudes toward Risk-Reducing Mastectomy and Risk-Reducing Salpingo-oophorectomy among Young, Unmarried, Healthy Women in Korea: Boyoung Park, Dongwon Kim, Jiyoung Kim, Bom Yi Lee, Junghyun Yoon, Sung-Won Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):375-382. Published online August 9, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.449

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Purpose
This study investigated the attitudes toward risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) and risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) as cancer prevention options for BRCA1/2 carriers in healthy, young, unmarried Korean women.
Materials and Methods
A nationally representative sample of 600 women, aged 20-39 years, completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic variables, preference for genetic testing, and intention to undergo risk-reducing surgeries after receiving information on the cancer risk of BRCA1/2 mutations and benefits of risk-reducing surgeries.
Results
A total of 54.7% and 57.7% had the intention to undergo RRM and RRSO, respectively, on the assumption that they were BRCA1/2 carriers. Older age and no intention to undergo genetic testing were associated with a reduced likelihood of undergoing RRM (odds ratio [OR], 0.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.14 to 0.61 for age 35-39 years and OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.62 for no intention for genetic testing) and RRSO (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.79 for age 35-39 years and OR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.53 for no intention for genetic testing). Women who chose to be single were likely to undergo risk-reducing surgeries (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.60 for RRM and OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.00 to 2.44 for RRSO).
Conclusion
More than 50% of healthy, unmarried, young Korean women were inclined to undergo prophylactic surgeries if they were BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Further studies on decision-making process for cancer prevention in individuals at high risk for cancer need to be conducted.

Citations

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A Scoping Review of Primary Breast Cancer Risk Reduction Strategies in East and Southeast Asia
Filipa Alpeza, Christine Kim Yan Loo, Qingyuan Zhuang, Mikael Hartman, Serene Si Ning Goh, Jingmei Li
Cancers.2025; 17(2): 168. CrossRef
Impact of graphical display on the intention to undergo risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy and mastectomy in individuals positive for BRCA pathogenic variant
Yoon-Jung Choi, Younju Park, Boyoung Park, Heejung Chae, So-Youn Jung, Kum Hei Ryu, Myong Cheol Lim, Soo Jin Park, Yoon Jung Chang, Sun-Young Kong
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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2 Crossref

Comparison of Breast Conserving Surgery Followed by Radiation Therapy with Mastectomy Alone for Pathologic N1 Breast Cancer Patients in the Era of Anthracycline Plus Taxane-Based Chemotherapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (KROG 1418): Gyu Sang Yoo, Won Park, Jeong Il Yu, Doo Ho Choi, Yeon-Joo Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin, Chan Woo Wee, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Ran Park, Yong Bae Kim, Sung Ja Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee, Jin Hee Kim, Mison Chun, Hyung-Sik Lee, Jung Soo Kim, Jihye Cha; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1041-1051. Published online November 1, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.424

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
We compared the oncologic outcomes of breast-conserving surgery plus radiation therapy (BCS+RT) and modified radical mastectomy (MRM) under anthracycline plus taxane-based (AT) regimens and investigated the role of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) in patients with pathologic N1 (pN1) breast cancer treated by mastectomy.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 2,011 patients with pN1 breast cancer who underwent BCS+RT or MRM alone at 12 institutions between January 2006 and December 2010. Two-to-one propensity score matching was performed for balances in variables between the groups.
Results
The median follow-up duration for the total cohort was 69 months (range, 1 to 114 months). After propensity score matching, 1,074 patients (676 in the BCS+RT group and 398 in the MRM-alone group) were analyzed finally. The overall survival, disease-free survival, locoregional failure-free survival, and regional failure-free survival (RFFS) curves of the BCS+RT group vs. MRM-alone group were not significantly different. The subgroup analysis revealed that in the group with both lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and histologic grade (HG) III, the BCS+RT showed significantly superior RFFS (p=0.008). Lymphedema (p=0.007) and radiation pneumonitis (p=0.031) occurred more frequently in the BCS+RT group than in the MRM-alone group, significantly.
Conclusion
There are no differences in oncologic outcomes between BCS+RT and MRM-alone groups under the AT chemotherapy regimens for pN1 breast cancer. However, BCS+RT group showed superior RFFS to MRM-alone group in the patients with LVI and HG III. Adjuvant RT might be considerable for pN1 breast cancer patients with LVI and HG III.

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Investigation of the clinical benefits of regular breath-holding training utilizing surface guided radiation therapy technology for patients with left breast cancer
Hongming Li, Zheng Miao, Jie Shen, Jianing Xiao, Zhiwei Yang, Wei Tian, Xiansong Sun, Zhen Zhou, Jing Shen, Jie Qiu
Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences.2025; 18(2): 101393. CrossRef
21-gene recurrence score in predicting the outcome of postoperative radiotherapy in T1-2N1 luminal breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery
Shang-Jin Xie, Run-Jie Wang, San-Gang Wu, Fu-Xing Zhang
The Breast.2024; 74: 103679. CrossRef
Assessing Radiation Effects on Chemo-Treated BT20 and 4T1 Breast Cancer, and Neuroblastoma Cell Lines: A Study of Single and Multiple-Cell Ionization via Infrared Laser Trapping
Mulugeta S. Goangul, Daniel B. Erenso, Ying Gao, Li Chen, Kwame O. Eshun, Gisela Alvarez, Horace T. Crogman
Radiation.2024; 4(1): 85. CrossRef
Overall survival after mastectomy versus breast-conserving surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy for early-stage breast cancer: meta-analysis
Kiran K Rajan, Katherine Fairhurst, Beth Birkbeck, Shonnelly Novintan, Rebecca Wilson, Jelena Savović, Chris Holcombe, Shelley Potter
BJS Open.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Radiotherapy dosimetry and radiotherapy related complications of immediate implant-based reconstruction after breast cancer surgery
Yu Zhang, Fuxiu Ye, Yun Teng, Jin Zheng, Chunlu Li, Ruilan Ma, Haichen Zhang
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Does Breast-Conserving Surgery with Radiotherapy have a Better Survival than Mastectomy? A Meta-Analysis of More than 1,500,000 Patients
Gabriel De la Cruz Ku, Manish Karamchandani, Diego Chambergo-Michilot, Alexis R. Narvaez-Rojas, Michael Jonczyk, Fortunato S. Príncipe-Meneses, David Posawatz, Salvatore Nardello, Abhishek Chatterjee
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2022; 29(10): 6163. CrossRef
Protocol for the postoperative radiotherapy in N1 breast cancer patients (PORT-N1) trial, a prospective multicenter, randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial of patients receiving breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy
Tae Hoon Lee, Ji Hyun Chang, Bum-Sup Jang, Jae Sik Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Won Park, Yong Bae Kim, Su Ssan Kim, Wonshik Han, Han-Byoel Lee, Kyung Hwan Shin
BMC Cancer.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Risk factors to identify the indication for regional nodal irradiation in T1-2N1M0 breast cancer: A joint analysis of 4,243 real-world cases from two institutions
Guang-Yi Sun, Ge Wen, Yu-Jing Zhang, Yu Tang, Hao Jing, Hui Fang, Jian-Yang Wang, Jiang-Hu Zhang, Xu-Ran Zhao, Si-Ye Chen, Yong-Wen Song, Jing Jin, Yue-Ping Liu, Yuan Tang, Shu-Nan Qi, Ning Li, Bo Chen, Ning-Ning Lu, Ye-Xiong Li, Shu-Lian Wang
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Chemo-treated 4T1 breast cancer cells radiation response measured by single and multiple cell ionization using infrared laser trap
Endris Muhammed, Li Chen, Ying Gao, Daniel Erenso
Scientific Reports.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

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Axillary Lymph Node Dissection Does Not Improve Post-mastectomy Overall or Disease-Free Survival among Breast Cancer Patients with 1-3 Positive Nodes: Ji Hyeon Joo, Su Ssan Kim, Byung Ho Son, Seung Do Ahn, Jin Hong Jung, Eun Kyung Choi, Sei Hyun Ahn, Jong Won Lee, Hee Jeong Kim, Beom Seok Ko; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1011-1021. Published online October 16, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.438

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) may be avoidable for breast cancer patients with 1-2 positive lymph nodes (LN) after breast-conserving therapy. However, the effects of ALND after mastectomy remain unclear because radiation is not routinely used. Herein, we compared the benefits of post-mastectomy ALND versus sentinel node biopsy (SNB) alone for breast cancer patients with 1-3 metastatic LNs.
Materials and Methods
A total of 1,697 patients with pN1 disease who underwent mastectomy during 2000-2015 were identified from an institutional database. Outcomes were compared using the inverse probability of treatment weighted method.
Results
Patients who underwent SNB tended to have smaller tumors, a lower histology grade, a lower number of positive LNs, and better immunohistochemical findings. After correcting all confounding factors regarding patient, tumor, and adjuvant treatment, the SNB and ALND groups did not differ in terms of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), distant metastasis and locoregional recurrence. The 10-year DFS and OS rates were 83% and 84%, respectively, during a median follow-up period of 93 months.
Conclusion
ALND did not improve post-mastectomy survival outcomes among patients with N1 breast cancer, even after adjusting for all histopathologic and treatment-related factors.

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Evolution of the Use of Completion Axillary Lymph Node Dissection in Patients with T1/2N0M0 Breast Cancer and Tumour-Involved Sentinel Lymph Nodes Undergoing Mastectomy: A Cohort Study
André Hennigs, Fabian Riedel, Manuel Feißt, Melitta Köpke, Mahdi Rezai, Ulrike Nitz, Mareike Moderow, Michael Golatta, Christof Sohn, Jörg Heil
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2019; 26(8): 2435. CrossRef

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Breast Conservation Therapy Versus Mastectomy in Patients with T1-2N1 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Pooled Analysis of KROG 14-18 and 14-23: Kyubo Kim, Hae Jin Park, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jin Ho Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Won Park, Seung Do Ahn, Su Ssan Kim, Dae Yong Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Jiyoung Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(4):1316-1323. Published online January 8, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.575

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The aim of this study is to compare the treatment outcomes of breast conserving surgery (BCS) plus radiotherapy (RT) versus mastectomy for patients with pT1-2N1 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Materials and Methods
Using two multicenter retrospective studies on breast cancer, a pooled analysis was performed among 320 patients with pT1-2N1 TNBC. All patients who underwent BCS (n=212) receivedwhole breast RTwith orwithoutregional nodal RT,while nonewho underwent mastectomy (n=108)received it. All patients received taxane-based adjuvant chemotherapy. The median follow-up periods were 65 months in the BCS+RT group, and 74 months in the mastectomy group.
Results
The median age of all patients was 48 years (range, 24 to 70 years). Mastectomy group had more patients with multiple tumors (p < 0.001), no lymphovascular invasion (p=0.001), higher number of involved lymph node (p=0.028), and higher nodal ratio ≥ 0.2 (p=0.037). Other characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups. The 5-year locoregionalrecurrence-free, disease-free, and overall survivalrates of BCS+RT group versus mastectomy group were 94.6% versus 87.7%, 89.5% versus 80.4%, and 95.0% versus 87.8%, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant after adjusting for covariates (p=0.010, p=0.006, and p=0.005, respectively).
Conclusion
In pT1-2N1 TNBC, breast conservation therapy achieved better locoregional recurrencefree, disease-free, and overall survival rates compared with mastectomy.

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The American Journal of Surgery.2024; 231: 70. CrossRef
Oncoplastic Breast Conservation for Central Tumors: Definition, Classification, and the Analysis of Single Institution Experience
Andrii Zhygulin, Artem Fedosov
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open.2024; 12(5): e5789. CrossRef
Treatment Outcomes after Postoperative Radiotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Multi-Institutional Retrospective Study (KROG 17-05)
Jin Kim, Sang Byun, Myeongsoo Kim, Kyung Shin, Dong Kim, Han Lee, Tae Kim, Yeon Kim, Yong Kim, Jee Chang, Kyubo Kim, Sun Lee
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2024; 14(9): 941. CrossRef
Recent Advances in Targeted Nanocarriers for the Management of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Rajesh Pradhan, Anuradha Dey, Rajeev Taliyan, Anu Puri, Sanskruti Kharavtekar, Sunil Kumar Dubey
Pharmaceutics.2023; 15(1): 246. CrossRef
Breast-Conserving Therapy is Associated with Improved Survival Without an Increased Risk of Locoregional Recurrence Compared with Mastectomy in Both Clinically Node-Positive and Node-Negative Breast Cancer Patients
Elizaveta Vasilyeva, Jeremy Hamm, Alan Nichol, Kathryn V. Isaac, Amy Bazzarelli, Carl Brown, Caroline Lohrisch, Elaine McKevitt
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2023; 30(11): 6413. CrossRef
Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy in Patients With Minimally Involved Lymph Nodes: A Review of the Current Data and Future Directions
Bum-Sup Jang, Kyung Hwan Shin
Journal of Breast Cancer.2022; 25(1): 1. CrossRef
A Review of Current treatment for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC)
Wahyuni Wahyuni, Ajeng Diantini, Mohammad Ghozali, Sahidin I
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2022; : 409. CrossRef
Long non-coding RNA MRPS30 divergent transcript can be detected in the cytoplasm of triple-negative breast cancer cells and is targeted by microRNA-130b
Dongtao Wang, Qiang Song, Tianyong Zhao, Fang Wang, Yang Yu, Jing Qi, Pengfei Lyu, Xiangyang Duan
Bioengineered.2022; 13(3): 5954. CrossRef
Breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomy for older women with triple-negative breast cancer: population-based study
Waruiru Mburu, Shalini Kulasingam, James S Hodges, Beth A Virnig
Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research.2022; 11(13): 953. CrossRef
Determining prognostic factors and optimal surgical intervention for early-onset triple-negative breast cancer
Yi-Zi Zheng, Yan Liu, Zhen-Han Deng, Guo-Wen Liu, Ni Xie
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Postoperative Radiotherapy Contributes to the Survival Benefit of Breast-Conserving Therapy over Mastectomy
Chu-Ying Chen, Si-Yue Zheng, Gang Cai, Cheng Xu, Rong Cai, Min Li, Kun-Wei Shen, Xiao-Song Chen, Dan Ou, Wei-Xiang Qi, Lu Cao, Jia-Yi Chen, Weiren Luo
Journal of Oncology.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef
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M.V. Pavlushenko, R.V. Liubota, R.I. Vereshchako, O.S. Zotov, M.F. Anikusko, I.I. Liubota
Practical oncology.2022; 5(1): 23. CrossRef
Breast conservation therapy confers survival and distant recurrence advantage over mastectomy for stage II Triple Negative Breast cancer
Rebekah Macfie, Cynthia Aks, Kathryn Panwala, Nathalie Johnson, Jennifer Garreau
The American Journal of Surgery.2021; 221(4): 809. CrossRef
Outcomes after breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy in patients with triple-negative breast cancer: meta-analysis
A Fancellu, N Houssami, V Sanna, A Porcu, C Ninniri, M L Marinovich
British Journal of Surgery.2021; 108(7): 760. CrossRef
Are the Outcomes of Breast Conservation Surgery Inferior to Those of Mastectomy in Patients with Stage II-IIIA Triple-Negative Breast Cancer?
Seungju Lee, Hyun Yul Kim, Youn Joo Jung, Hyun-June Paik, Dong-Il Kim, Chang Shin Jung, Seok-Kyung Kang, Jee Yeon Kim, Seokwon Lee, Youngtae Bae
Journal of Breast Disease.2021; 9(2): 77. CrossRef
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Marina Marchetti, Cinzia Giaccherini, Giovanna Masci, Cristina Verzeroli, Laura Russo, Luigi Celio, Roberta Sarmiento, Sara Gamba, Carmen J. Tartari, Erika Diani, Alfonso Vignoli, Paolo Malighetti, Daniele Spinelli, Nicole M. Kuderer, Federico Nichetti, M
Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis.2020; 18(9): 2220. CrossRef
Molecular Investigation on a Triple Negative Breast Cancer Xenograft Model Exposed to Proton Beams
Francesco P. Cammarata, Giusi I. Forte, Giuseppe Broggi, Valentina Bravatà, Luigi Minafra, Pietro Pisciotta, Marco Calvaruso, Roberta Tringali, Barbara Tomasello, Filippo Torrisi, Giada Petringa, Giuseppe A. P. Cirrone, Giacomo Cuttone, Rosaria Acquaviva,
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2020; 21(17): 6337. CrossRef
Radiotherapy plays an important role in improving the survival outcome in patients with T1–2N1M0 breast cancer – a joint analysis of 4262 real world cases from two institutions
Guang-Yi Sun, Ge Wen, Yu-Jing Zhang, Yu Tang, Hao Jing, Jian-Yang Wang, Jiang-Hu Zhang, Yong Yang, Xu-Ran Zhao, Si-Ye Chen, Jing Jin, Yong-Wen Song, Yue-Ping Liu, Hui Fang, Hua Ren, Yuan Tang, Shu-Nan Qi, Ning Li, Bo Chen, Ning-Ning Lu, Shu-Lian Wang, Ye-
BMC Cancer.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
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Stefanie Corradini, Daniel Reitz, Montserrat Pazos, Stephan Schönecker, Michael Braun, Nadia Harbeck, Christiane Matuschek, Edwin Bölke, Ute Ganswindt, Filippo Alongi, Maximilian Niyazi, Claus Belka
Cancers.2019; 11(2): 160. CrossRef
Are breast conservation treatment rates optimized for Asian women with symptomatic malignancies?
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ANZ Journal of Surgery.2019; 89(5): 529. CrossRef

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No Association of Positive Superficial and/or Deep Margins with Local Recurrence in Invasive Breast Cancer Treated with Breast-Conserving Surgery: Tae In Yoon, Jong Won Lee, Sae Byul Lee, Guiyun Sohn, Jisun Kim, Il Young Chung, Hee Jeong Kim, Beom Seok Ko, Byung Ho Son, Gyungyub Gong, Sung-Bae Kim, Su Ssan Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Minsung Chung, Sei Hyun Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(1):275-282. Published online April 14, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.041

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
We evaluated the effect of positive superficial and/or deep margin status on local recurrence (LR) in invasive breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) followed by radiotherapy.
Materials and Methods
In total, 3,403 stage 1 and 2 invasive breast cancer patients treated with BCS followed by radiotherapy from January 2000 to December 2008 were included in this study. These patients were divided into three groups according to margin status: clear resection margin status for all sections (group 1, n=3,195); positive margin status in superficial and/or deep sections (group 2, n=121); and positive peripheral parenchymal margin regardless of superficial and/or deep margin involvement (group 3, n=87). The LR-free survival between these three groups was compared and the prognostic role of margin status was analyzed.
Results
Across all groups, age, tumor size, nodal status, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status did not significantly differ. High grade, positive extensive intraductal component, hormone receptor positivity, hormone therapy received, and chemotherapy not received were more prevalent in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1. Five-year LR rates in groups 1, 2, and 3 were 1.9%, 1.7%, and 7.7%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that group 3 was a significant predictor for LR (hazard ratio [HR], 4.78; p < 0.001), but that positive superficial and/or deep margin was not (HR, 0.66; p=0.57).
Conclusion
Superficial and/or deep margin involvement following BCS is not an important predictor for LR.

Citations

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Locoregional Recurrence-Free Survival in Postmastectomy Breast Cancer: A Comparative Longitudinal Study of Hypofractionated Versus Conventional Fractionated Radiation Therapy
Suma Susan Meloot, Ciniraj Raveendran, IP Yadev
Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessment of Eligibility and Utilization of Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation in Korean Breast Cancer Patients (KROG 22-15)
Seok-Joo Chun, Ji Hwan Jo, Yong Bae Kim, Sangjoon Park, Sung-Ja Ahn, Su Ssan Kim, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin
Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(2): 549. CrossRef
Surgical margin status and survival outcomes of breast cancer patients treated with breast-conserving surgery and whole-breast irradiation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Jong-Ho Cheun, Young Joo Lee, Jun-Hee Lee, Yungil Shin, Jung Whan Chun, Soo Yeon Baek, Hong-Kyu Kim, Han-Byoel Lee, Jonghan Yu, Byung Joo Chae, Wonshik Han, Jeong Eon Lee
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2022; 194(3): 683. CrossRef
Comparison of Recurrence Rate Between Re-Excision With Radiotherapy and Radiotherapy-Only Groups in Surgical Margin Involvement of In Situ Carcinoma
Jun-Hee Lee, Hyunjun Lee, Yoon Ju Bang, Jai Min Ryu, Se Kyung Lee, Jonghan Yu, Jeong Eon Lee, Seok Won Kim, Seok Jin Nam, Byung Joo Chae
Journal of Breast Cancer.2022; 25(4): 288. CrossRef
Updates and Debate Concerning Margin Adequacy and Management following Breast-Conserving Surgery
Serena Bertozzi, Ambrogio P Londero, Jose Andres Diaz Nanez, Francesco Leone, Barbara Baita, Lucia La Verghetta, Milena Nobile, Daria Almesberger, Carla Cedolini
Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Feasibility and safety of breast-conserving surgery via a periareolar incision for cancers located far from the nipple–areolar complex: a retrospective study
Joohyun Woo, Jihae Lee, Se Hyun Paek, Woosung Lim
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2021; 147(3): 893. CrossRef
Breast-conserving surgery with 3D-printed surgical guide: a single-center, prospective clinical study
Zhen-Yu Wu, Hee Jeong Kim, Jongwon Lee, Il Yong Chung, Jisun Kim, Saebyeol Lee, Byung Ho Son, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Hak Hee Kim, Joon Beom Seo, Jae Ho Jeong, Gyungyub Gong, Namkug Kim, BeomSeok Ko
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Usefulness of 3D-surgical guides in breast conserving surgery after neoadjuvant treatment
Han Shin Lee, Hee Jeong Kim, Il Yong Chung, Jisun Kim, Sae Byul Lee, Jong Won Lee, Byung Ho Son, Sei Hyun Ahn, Hak Hee Kim, Joon Beom Seo, Jin Hee Ahn, Gyungyub Gong, Sangwook Lee, Namkug Kim, Beom Seok Ko
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Partial chest wall radiation therapy for positive or close surgical margins after modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer without lymph node metastasis
Naoya Ishibashi, Haruna Nishimaki, Toshiya Maebayashi, Keita Adachi, Kenichi Sakurai, Shinobu Masuda, Masaharu Hata, Masahiro Okada
Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology.2020; 16(1): 28. CrossRef
Impact of Oncotype DX Recurrence Score on the Patterns of Locoregional Recurrence in Breast Cancer (Korean Radiation Oncology Group 19-06)
Kyubo Kim, Jinhong Jung, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jin Ho Kim, Ji Hyun Chang, Su Ssan Kim, Haeyoung Kim, Won Park, Yong Bae Kim, Jee Suk Chang
Journal of Breast Cancer.2020; 23(3): 314. CrossRef
Magnetic resonance imaging based 3-dimensional printed breast surgical guide for breast-conserving surgery in ductal carcinoma in situ: a clinical trial
Zhen-Yu Wu, Aisha Alzuhair, Heejeong Kim, Jong Won Lee, Il Yong Chung, Jisun Kim, Sae Byul Lee, Byung Ho Son, Gyungyub Gong, Hak Hee Kim, Joon Beom Seo, Sei Hyun Ahn, Namkug Kim, BeomSeok Ko
Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Aktuelle chirurgische Therapie des Mammakarzinoms
Jasmin Zeindler, Fabienne Schwab
InFo Hämatologie + Onkologie.2019; 22(4): 15. CrossRef
Comparing long-term local recurrence rates of surgical and non-surgical management of close anterior margins in breast conserving surgery
George Boundouki, Joseph Ryan Wong Sik Hee, Natalie Croghan, Katie Stocking, Andrew Pieri, Adam Critchley, Cliona C. Kirwan, James R. Harvey
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2019; 176(2): 311. CrossRef
Therapy of isolated locoregional recurrent carcinoma of the breast
Lena Gabriel, Marina Schmidt, Stephanie Juhasz-Böss, Patrick Melchior, Anika von Heesen, Gilda Schmidt, Nicole Kranzhöfer, Erich-Franz Solomayer, Ingolf Juhasz-Böss, Georg-Peter Breitbach
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics.2019; 300(2): 365. CrossRef

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Incorporating Risk Factors to Identify the Indication of Post-mastectomy Radiotherapy in N1 Breast Cancer Treated with Optimal Systemic Therapy: A Multicenter Analysis in Korea (KROG 14-23): Hae Jin Park, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jin Ho Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Ja Young Kim, Won Park, Yong Bae Kim, Yeon-joo Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Ran Park, Hyun Soo Shin, Bae Kwon Jeong, Sun Young Lee, Suzy Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):739-747. Published online October 19, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.405

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
In a recent meta-analysis, post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) reduced any first recurrence (AFR) and improved survival in N1 and N2 patients. We investigated risk factors for AFR in N1 after optimal systemic therapy without PMRT, to define a subgroup of patients who may benefit from PMRT.
Materials and Methods
One thousand three hundred eighty-two pT1-2N1M0 breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy without PMRT between 2005 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Only 0.6% had no systemic therapy.
Results
After a median follow-up of 5.9 years, there were 173 AFR (53 loco-regional recurrence [LRR] without distant metastases [DM], 38 LRR with DM, and 82 DM without LRR). The 5-year LRR and AFR rates were 6.1% and 12.0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that close resection margin (p=0.001) was the only independent risk factor for LRR. Multivariate analysis for AFR revealed that age < 35 years (p=0.025), T2 stage (p=0.004), high tumor grade (p=0.032), close resection margin (p=0.035), and triple-negative biological subtype (p=0.031) were independent risk factors. Two or three positive lymph nodes (p=0.078) were considered a marginally significant factor. When stratified by these six factors, the 5-year LRR rates were 3.6% with 0-1 (n=606), 7.5% with 2-3 (n=655), and 12.7% with 4-6 (n=93) risk factors. The 5-year AFR rates were 7.1% with 0-1, 15.0% with 2-3, and 24.5% with 4-6 risk factors.
Conclusion
Patients with pT1-2N1M0 breast cancer who underwent mastectomy and optimal systemic therapy showed excellent loco-regional control and disease control. The patients with four or more risk factors may benefit from PMRT, and those with two or three risk factors merit consideration of PMRT.

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Ke Liu, Guan-Qiao Li, Si-Qi Li, Xue-Qin Chen, San-Gang Wu
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Chao Wei, Jie Kong, Huina Han, Xue Wang, Zimeng Gao, Danyang Wang, Andu Zhang, Jun Zhang, Zhikun Liu
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Hongyu Pu, Yunbo Luo, Linxing Zhang, Xin Li, Fangwei Li, Jingtai Chen, Shuangqiang Qian, Yunhui Tang, Xiaobo Zhao, Lingmi Hou, Yanchun Gao
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Meng Luo, Yao Jin, Chunjing Xu, Huihui Chen, Kun Zhang, Qiang Chen, Chencan Jin, Jinglu Lu, Jing Wang, Jia Huang, Hao Deng, Weili Jin, Shu Zheng, Yiding Chen, Jiaojiao Zhou
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Cancer Research and Treatment.2018; 50(4): 1316. CrossRef
Meeting Highlights: The Second Consensus Conference for Breast Cancer Treatment in Korea
Seeyoun Lee, In Hae Park, Seho Park, Joohyuk Sohn, Joon Jeong, Sung Gwe Ahn, Ik Jae Lee, Hae Kyung Lee, Seung Ah Lee, Won Park, Kyung-Hun Lee, Sung-Won Kim, Sang-Ah Han, Kyung Hae Jung, Byung Ho Son
Journal of Breast Cancer.2017; 20(3): 228. CrossRef
Predicting loco-regional recurrence risk in T1, T2 breast cancer with 1–3 positive axillary nodes postmastectomy: Development of a predictive nomogram
T Wadasadawala, S Kannan, S Gudi, A Rishi, A Budrukkar, V Parmar, T Shet, S Desai, S Gupta, R Badwe, R Sarin
Indian Journal of Cancer.2017; 54(1): 352. CrossRef

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Using the Lymph Node Ratio to Evaluate the Prognosis of Stage II/III Breast Cancer Patients Who Received Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Mastectomy: San-Gang Wu, Qun Li, Juan Zhou, Jia-Yuan Sun, Feng-Yan Li, Qin Lin, Huan-Xin Lin, Xun-Xing Gaun, Zhen-Yu He; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):757-764. Published online December 8, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.039

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study was conducted to investigate the prognostic value of lymph node ratio (LNR) in stage II/III breast cancer patients who undergo mastectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
Clinical and pathological data describing stage II/III breast cancer patients were included in this retrospective study. The primary outcomes were locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS).
Results
Among 277 patients, there were 43 ypN0, 64 ypN1, 89 ypN2, and 81 ypN3 cases. Additionally, there were 43, 57, 92 and 85 cases in the LNR 0, 0.01-0.20, 0.21-0.65, and > 0.65 groups, respectively. The median follow-up was 49.5 months. Univariate analysis showed that both ypN stage and LNR were prognostic factors of LRFS, DMFS, DFS, and OS (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that LNR was an independent prognostic factor of LRFS, DMFS, DFS, and OS (p < 0.05), while ypN stage had no effect on prognosis (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
The integrated use of LNR and ypN may be suitable for evaluation the prognosis of stage II/III breast cancer patients who undergo mastectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

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Prognosis and influencing factors of ER-positive, HER2-low breast cancer patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a retrospective study
Lingfeng Tang, Linshan Jiang, Xiujie Shu, Yudi Jin, Haochen Yu, Shengchun Liu
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Prognostic disparities in young patients based on breast cancer subtype: A population-based study from the SEER database
Bing Chen, Xiaojuan Zhang, Yi Liu, Chuandong Wang
Medicine.2023; 102(13): e33416. CrossRef
The Effect of Lymph Node Harvest on Prognosis in Locally Advanced Middle-Low Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Zhuangbin Lin, Xiaobo Li, Jianyuan Song, Rong Zheng, Cheng Chen, Anchuan Li, Benhua Xu
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Breast Cancer Patients With Positive Apical or Infraclavicular/Ipsilateral Supraclavicular Lymph Nodes Should Be Excluded in the Application of the Lymph Node Ratio System
Zhe Wang, Wei Chong, Huikun Zhang, Xiaoli Liu, Yawen Zhao, Zhifang Guo, Li Fu, Yongjie Ma, Feng Gu
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Is Pathologic Axillary Staging Valid If Lymph Nodes Are Less than 10 with Axillary Lymph Node Dissection after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy?
Hee Jun Choi, Jai Min Ryu, Jun Ho Lee, Yoonju Bang, Jongwook Oh, Byung-Joo Chae, Seok Jin Nam, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Se Kyung Lee, Jonghan Yu
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(21): 6564. CrossRef
A novel nomogram for predicting locoregional recurrence risk in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and mastectomy
Zhou Huang, Mei Shi, Wei-Hu Wang, Liang-Fang Shen, Yu Tang, Qing-Lin Rong, Li Zhu, Xiao-Bo Huang, Jian Tie, Jia-Yi Chen, Jun Zhang, Hong-Fen Wu, Jing Cheng, Min Liu, Chang-Ying Ma, Shu-Lian Wang, Ye-Xiong Li
Radiotherapy and Oncology.2021; 161: 191. CrossRef
Lymph node ratio as best prognostic factor in triple‐negative breast cancer patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Gabriel A. De la Cruz‐Ku, Diego Chambergo‐Michilot, Bryan Valcarcel, Pamela Rebaza, Mecker Möller, Jhajaira M. Araujo, Daniel Enriquez, Zaida Morante, Cesar Razuri, Renato Luque, Antonella Saavedra, Eduardo Eyzaguirre, Maria Lujan, Naysha Noel, Joseph Pin
The Breast Journal.2020; 26(9): 1659. CrossRef
Development and validation of a nomogram incorporating axillary lymph node ratio to predict survival in node-positive breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Jianguo Lai, Zihao Pan, Peixian Chen, Guolin Ye, Kai Chen, Fengxi Su
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology.2019; 49(1): 22. CrossRef
Lymph node ratio as an alternative to pN staging for predicting prognosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer
Dong Hui Cho, Soo Youn Bae, Ji Young You, Hong Kyu Kim, Young Woo Chang, Yoo Jin Choi, Sang Uk Woo, Gil Soo Son, Jae Bok Lee, Jeoung Won Bae, Seung Pil Jung
The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences.2018; 34(6): 341. CrossRef
Ganglio secundario como indicador de linfadenectomía axilar en pacientes afectas de cáncer de mama
Manel Cremades, Mireia Torres, Montse Solà, Jordi Navinés, Icíar Pascual, Antonio Mariscal, Albert Caballero, Eva Castellà, Miguel Ángel Luna, Joan Francesc Julián
Cirugía Española.2017; 95(9): 536. CrossRef
Secondary Node Analysis as an Indicator for Axillary Lymphadenectomy in Breast Cancer Patients
Manel Cremades, Mireia Torres, Montse Solà, Jordi Navinés, Icíar Pascual, Antonio Mariscal, Albert Caballero, Eva Castellà, Miguel Ángel Luna, Joan Francesc Julián
Cirugía Española (English Edition).2017; 95(9): 536. CrossRef
Risk factors of locoregional relapse in locally advanced breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy following mastectomy and radiotherapy
Liang Huang, Sheng Chen, Wentao T. Yang, Zhiming Shao
Oncotarget.2017; 8(24): 39703. CrossRef
Lymph Node Ratio Analysis After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy is Prognostic in Hormone Receptor-Positive and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Jacqueline Tsai, Danielle Bertoni, Tina Hernandez-Boussard, Melinda L. Telli, Irene L. Wapnir
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2016; 23(10): 3310. CrossRef
Number of negative lymph nodes as a prognostic factor for ypN0-N1 breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Fei Xin, Yue Yu, Zheng-Jun Yang, Li-Kun Hou, Jie-Fei Mao, Li Xia, Xin Wang, Xu-Chen Cao
Tumor Biology.2016; 37(6): 8445. CrossRef

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Nomogram for Predicting Breast Conservation after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Min Kyoon Kim, Wonshik Han, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Soo Kyung Ahn, Jisun Kim, Jun Woo Lee, Ju-Yeon Kim, Taeryung Kim, Kyung-Hun Lee, Tae-Yong Kim, Sae-Won Han, Seock-Ah Im, Tae-You Kim, In Ae Park, Dong-Young Noh; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(2):197-207. Published online September 4, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.247

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The ability to accurately predict the likelihood of achieving breast conservation surgery (BCS) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) is important in deciding whether NCT or surgery should be the first-line treatment in patients with operable breast cancers. Materials and Methods We reviewed the data of 513 women, who had stage II or III breast cancer and received NCT and surgery from a single institution. The ability of various clinicopathologic factors to predict the achievement of BCS and tumor size reduction to ≤ 3 cm was assessed. Nomograms were built and validated in an independent cohort. Results BCS was performed in 50.1% of patients, with 42.2% of tumors reduced to ≤ 3 cm after NCT. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smaller initial tumor size, longer distance between the lesion and the nipple, absence of suspicious calcifications on mammography, and a single tumor were associated with BCS rather than mastectomy (p < 0.05). Negative estrogen receptor, smaller initial tumor size, higher Ki-67 level, and absence of in situ component were associated with residual tumor size ≤ 3 cm (p < 0.05). Two nomograms were developed using these factors. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for nomograms predicting BCS and residual tumor ≤ 3 cm were 0.800 and 0.777, respectively. The calibration plots showed good agreement between the predicted and actual probabilities. Conclusion We have established a model with novel factors that predicts BCS and residual tumor size after NCT. This model can help in making treatment decisions for patients who are candidates for NCT.

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Risk scoring system for predicting breast conservation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Lobna Ouldamer, Sofiane Bendifallah, Joseph Pilloy, Flavie Arbion, Gilles Body, Caroline Brisson, Vincent Lavoué, Jean Lévêque, Emile Daraï
The Breast Journal.2019; 25(4): 696. CrossRef
Score for the Survival Probability in Metastasis Breast Cancer: A Nomogram-Based Risk Assessment Model
Zhenchong Xiong, Guangzheng Deng, Xinjian Huang, Xing Li, Xinhua Xie, Jin Wang, Zeyu Shuang, Xi Wang
Cancer Research and Treatment.2018; 50(4): 1260. CrossRef
Development of Nomogram to Predict the Best Military Category Using Physical Fitness Variables: A Model Development in Navy Trainees
Milad Nazarzadeh, Ali Reza Khoshdel, Abolfazl Goodarzi, Alireza Mosavi Jarrahi
Journal of Archives in Military Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Predicting Successful Conservative Surgery after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Hormone Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
Chang Seok Ko, Kyu Min Kim, Jong Won Lee, Han Shin Lee, Sae Byul Lee, Guiyun Sohn, Jisun Kim, Hee Jeong Kim, Il Yong Chung, Beom Seok Ko, Byung Ho Son, Seung Do Ahn, Sung-Bae Kim, Hak Hee Kim, Sei Hyun Ahn
Journal of Breast Disease.2018; 6(2): 52. CrossRef
External validation of a published nomogram for prediction of brain metastasis in patients with extra-cerebral metastatic breast cancer and risk regression analysis
Ludivine Genre, Henri Roché, Léonel Varela, Dorra Kanoun, Monia Ouali, Thomas Filleron, Florence Dalenc
European Journal of Cancer.2017; 72: 200. CrossRef
Facteurs prédictifs de traitement conservateur après chimiothérapie néo-adjuvante dans le cancer du sein
J. Pilloy, C. Fleurier, M. Chas, L. Bédouet, M.L. Jourdan, F. Arbion, G. Body, L. Ouldamer
Gynécologie Obstétrique Fertilité & Sénologie .2017; 45(9): 466. CrossRef
Actual Conversion Rate from Total Mastectomy to Breast Conservation after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Stages II–III Breast Cancer Patients
Hyejin Mo, Yumi Kim, Jiyoung Rhu, Kyung-Hun Lee, Tae-Yong Kim, Seock-Ah Im, Eun-Shin Lee, Han-Byoel Lee, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Dong-Young Noh, Wonshik Han
Journal of Breast Disease.2017; 5(2): 51. CrossRef

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Which Patients Might Benefit from Postmastectomy Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients with T1-2 Tumor and 1-3 Axillary Lymph Nodes Metastasis?: Moonkyoo Kong, Seong Eon Hong; Cancer Res Treat. 2013;45(2):103-111. Published online June 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.45.2.103

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
This study compared the clinical outcomes of T1-2N1 breast cancer patients with and without postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT). Risk factors for loco-regional recurrence (LRR) were identified in order to define a subgroup of patients who might benefit from PMRT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Of 110 T1-2N1 breast cancer patients who underwent mastectomy from January 1994 through December 2009, 32 patients underwent PMRT and 78 patients did not. Treatment outcomes and risk factors for LRR were analyzed.
RESULTS
The 5- and 10-year LRR rates were both 6.2% in the PMRT group, and 10.4% and 14.6% in the no-PMRT group (p=0.336). In addition, no significant differences in distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) or overall survival (OS) were observed between patients receiving and not receiving PMRT. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with higher LRR rates included grade 3 disease, extracapsular extension (ECE), and triple negative subtype. Patients who had one or more risk factors for LRR were defined as a high-risk patient group. In the high-risk group, both 5- and 10-year LRR rates for patients who underwent PMRT was 18.2%, and LRR rates of 21.4% at five years and 36.6% at 10 years were observed for patients who did not undergo PMRT (p=0.069).
CONCLUSION
PMRT in T1-2N1 breast cancer patients should be considered according to several prognostic factors in addition to T and N stage. Findings of our study indicated that PMRT did not improve LRR, DMFS, or OS in T1-2N1 breast cancer patients. However, in a subgroup of patients with grade 3 disease, ECE, or triple negative subtype, PMRT might be beneficial.

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A Prognostic Risk Stratification Model to Identify Potential Population Benefiting From Postmastectomy Radiotherapy in T1–2 Breast Cancer With 1–3 Positive Axillary Lymph Nodes
Niuniu Hou, Juliang Zhang, Lu Yang, Ying Wu, Zhe Wang, Mingkun Zhang, Li Yang, Guangdong Hou, Jianfeng Wu, Yidi Wang, Bingyao Dong, Lili Guo, Mei Shi, Rui Ling
Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE TISSUE DAMAGE AFTER RADIATION THERAPY IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS
D. Bazyka, O. Litvinenko, S. Bugaytsov, G. Shakhrai
Проблеми радіаційної медицини та радіобіології = Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology.2021; 26: 18. CrossRef
Multidisciplinary Management of the Axilla in Patients with cT1-T2 N0 Breast Cancer Undergoing Primary Mastectomy: Results from a Prospective Single-Institution Series
Samantha Grossmith, Anvy Nguyen, Jiani Hu, Jennifer K. Plichta, Faina Nakhlis, Linda Cutone, Laura Dominici, Mehra Golshan, Margaret Duggan, Katharine Carter, Esther Rhei, Thanh Barbie, Katherina Calvillo, Suniti Nimbkar, Jennifer Bellon, Julia Wong, Rina
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2018; 25(12): 3527. CrossRef
A prognostic score model to determine which breast cancer patients with 1-3 positive lymph nodes after modified radical mastectomy should receive radiotherapy
Dawei Chen, Haiyong Wang, Xinyu Song, Fang Shi, Li Kong, Jinming Yu
Oncotarget.2018; 9(1): 385. CrossRef
Postmastectomy radiation therapy for breast cancer patients with one to three positive lymph nodes: a propensity score matching analysis
Jiamao Lin, Cheng Li, Chenyue Zhang, Fang Shi, Haiyong Wang
Future Oncology.2017; 13(16): 1395. CrossRef
Predicting loco-regional recurrence risk in T1, T2 breast cancer with 1–3 positive axillary nodes postmastectomy: Development of a predictive nomogram
T Wadasadawala, S Kannan, S Gudi, A Rishi, A Budrukkar, V Parmar, T Shet, S Desai, S Gupta, R Badwe, R Sarin
Indian Journal of Cancer.2017; 54(1): 352. CrossRef
Comparison of Treatment Outcomes between Breast Conserving Surgery Followed by Radiotherapy and Mastectomy Alone in Patients with T1-2 Stage and 1-3 Axillary Lymph Nodes in the Era of Modern Adjuvant Systemic Treatments
Sang-Won Kim, Mison Chun, Sehwan Han, Yong Sik Jung, Jin Hyuk Choi, Seok Yun Kang, Hyunsoo Jang, Sunmi Jo, William B. Coleman
PLOS ONE.2016; 11(9): e0163748. CrossRef
Improvement of survival with postmastectomy radiotherapy in patients with 1-3 positive axillary lymph nodes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the current literature
Hannah Headon, Abdul Kasem, Reham Almukbel, Kefah Mokbel
Molecular and Clinical Oncology.2016; 5(4): 429. CrossRef
ABCB1polymorphism as prognostic factor in breast cancer patients treated with docetaxel and doxorubicin neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Hee‐Jun Kim, Seock‐Ah Im, Bhumsuk Keam, Hye Seon Ham, Kyung Hun Lee, Tae Yong Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Do‐Youn Oh, Jee Hyun Kim, Wonshik Han, In‐Jin Jang, Tae‐You Kim, In Ae Park, Dong Young Noh
Cancer Science.2015; 106(1): 86. CrossRef
Conservative Axillary Surgery in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Mastectomy: Long-Term Results
Michael S. Cowher, Stephen R. Grobmyer, Joanne Lyons, Colin O'Rourke, Deborah Baynes, Joseph P. Crowe
Journal of the American College of Surgeons.2014; 218(4): 819. CrossRef

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Skin - sparing Mastectomy with Circumareolar Incision and Immediate TRAM & One - stage Star Flap Nipple - areolar Complex Reconstruction: S H Ahn, P C Lee, B H Son, S H Han; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(2):261-269.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Breast reconstruction after a mastectomy is being performed using a tissue expander or a TRAM flap. However, a conventional mastectomy leaves a long linear scar after reconstruction. A skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) with immediate TRAM flap and one-stage star flap nipple-areolar complex reconstruction makes minimal scar tissue and is becoming virtually imperceptible. The purpose of this study is to identify the clinical indications, to evaluate the clinical results, and to encourage the application of this method for the indicated patients. Meterial and Methods: From Apr. 1996 to Mar. 1999, there were 1,027 breast-cancer surgeries. Among them, there were 61 reconstruction cases and a skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) with immediate reconstruction was performed on 29 cases. Of these patients, 15 underwent SSM and TRAM flap and one-stage star flap nipple-areolar complex reconstruction. Our selection criteria of SSM were as follows; diffuse DCIS that is not candidates for breast conserving surgery, Paget's disease of the nipple, clinically early breast cancer without skin involvement, and the centrally located cancer that would require removal of the nipple-areolar complex.
RESULTS
All of the TRAM flap and star flap were alive. The cosmetic results were fairly acceptable to the patients. The main drawback was bleeding and wound seroma which was managed by conservative management.
CONCLUSION
Skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate TRAM and star flap reconstruction gives markedly improved results by reducing the scars on the reconstructed breast, providing a supple breast with a natural ptotic shape, and aesthetically satisfied.

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