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11 "Lymphatic metastasis"
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Gastrointestinal cancer
Development and Validation of Models to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Gastric Cancer Using Logistic Regression and Gradient Boosting Machine Methods
Hae Dong Lee, Kyung Han Nam, Cheol Min Shin, Hye Seung Lee, Young Hoon Chang, Hyuk Yoon, Young Soo Park, Nayoung Kim, Dong Ho Lee, Sang-Hoon Ahn, Hyung-Ho Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1240-1249.   Published online March 21, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1330
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
To identify important features of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and develop a prediction model for early gastric cancer (EGC) using a gradient boosting machine (GBM) method.
Materials and Methods
The clinicopathologic data of 2556 patients with EGC who underwent gastrectomy were used as training set and the internal validation set (set 1) at a ratio of 8:2. Additionally, 548 patients with EGC who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) as the initial treatment were included in the external validation set (set 2). The GBM model was constructed, and its performance was compared with that of the Japanese guidelines.
Results
LNM was identified in 12.6% (321/2556) of the gastrectomy group (training set & set 1) and 4.3% (24/548) of the ESD group (set 2). In the GBM analysis, the top five features that most affected LNM were lymphovascular invasion, depth, differentiation, size, and location. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristics of set 1 were 0.566, 0.922, 0.516, and 0.867, while those of set 2 were 0.810, 0.958, 0.803, and 0.944, respectively. When the sensitivity of GBM was adjusted to that of Japanese guidelines (beyond the expanded criteria in set 1 [0.922] and eCuraC-2 in set 2 [0.958]), the specificities of GBM in sets 1 and 2 were 0.516 (95% confidence interval, 0.502-0.523) and 0.803 (0.795-0.805), while those of the Japanese guidelines were 0.502 (0.488-0.509) and 0.788 (0.780-0.790), respectively.
Conclusion
The GBM model showed good performance comparable with the eCura system in predicting LNM risk in EGCs.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Intratumoural and peritumoural CT-based radiomics for diagnosing lepidic-predominant adenocarcinoma in patients with pure ground-glass nodules: a machine learning approach
    Y. Zou, Q. Mao, Z. Zhao, X. Zhou, Y. Pan, Z. Zuo, W. Zhang
    Clinical Radiology.2024; 79(2): e211.     CrossRef
  • eCura and W-eCura: different scores, different populations, same goal
    Rui Morais, Diogo Libanio, João Santos-Antunes
    Gut.2024; 73(11): e29.     CrossRef
  • A machine learning model for predicting the lymph node metastasis of early gastric cancer not meeting the endoscopic curability criteria
    Minoru Kato, Yoshito Hayashi, Ryotaro Uema, Takashi Kanesaka, Shinjiro Yamaguchi, Akira Maekawa, Takuya Yamada, Masashi Yamamoto, Shinji Kitamura, Takuya Inoue, Shunsuke Yamamoto, Takashi Kizu, Risato Takeda, Hideharu Ogiyama, Katsumi Yamamoto, Kenji Aoi,
    Gastric Cancer.2024; 27(5): 1069.     CrossRef
  • The Application of Artificial Intelligence to Cancer Research: A Comprehensive Guide
    Amin Zadeh Shirazi, Morteza Tofighi, Alireza Gharavi, Guillermo A. Gomez
    Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Computed Tomography-Based Radiomics Analysis of Different Machine Learning Approaches for Differentiating Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma and Pulmonary Inflammatory Pseudotumor
    An-Lin Zhang, Yan-Mei Fu, Zhi-Yang He
    Iranian Journal of Radiology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Screening of gastric cancer diagnostic biomarkers in the homologous recombination signaling pathway and assessment of their clinical and radiomic correlations
    Ahao Wu, Tengcheng Hu, Chao Lai, Qingwen Zeng, Lianghua Luo, Xufeng Shu, Pan Huang, Zhonghao Wang, Zongfeng Feng, Yanyan Zhu, Yi Cao, Zhengrong Li
    Cancer Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,055 View
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  • 6 Web of Science
  • 6 Crossref
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Breast cancer
Evaluation of a Direct Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method without RNA Extraction (Direct RT-LAMP) for the Detection of Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Breast Cancer
In Hee Lee, Jin Hyang Jung, Soo Jung Lee, Jeeyeon Lee, Ho Yong Park, Ji-Young Park, Jee Young Park, Jae-hwan Jung, Hyunchul Lee, Hyo-Sung Jeon, Yee Soo Chae
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):174-181.   Published online April 26, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.749
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
Assessing lymph node metastasis, tumor-derived DNA, or tumor-derived RNA has previously been studied in place of immunohistochemical assay. Because a direct reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification method (direct RT-LAMP) has been previously developed in order to rapidly identify viruses in place of RNA extraction, our team hypothesized that a direct RT-LAMP assay can be employed as a substitute in order to detect tumor involvement of lymph nodes within breast cancer patients.
Materials and Methods
A total amount of 92 lymph nodes removed across 40 patients possessing breast cancer were collected at Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital between the months of November 2015 and February 2016. All samples were then evaluated and contrasted via both a direct RT-LAMP assay and routine histopathologic examination.
Results
The sensitivity and specificity of the direct RT-LAMP assay were 85.7% and 100%, respectively. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 100% and 94.4%, respectively.
Conclusion
Direct RT-LAMP assay is capable of facilitating the detection of sentinel lymph node metastasis within breast cancer patients intraoperatively possessing an excellent sensitivity via a cost-effective and time-saving manner.

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  • Development and evaluation of an easy to use real-time reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for clinical diagnosis of West Nile virus
    Marwa Khedhiri, Melek Chaouch, Kaouther Ayouni, Anissa Chouikha, Mariem Gdoura, Henda Touzi, Nahed Hogga, Alia Benkahla, Wasfi Fares, Henda Triki
    Journal of Clinical Virology.2024; 170: 105633.     CrossRef
  • Versatility of reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) from diagnosis of early pathological infection to mutation detection in organisms
    Srishti Sen, Priyanka Bhowmik, Shubhangi Tiwari, Yoav Peleg, Boudhayan Bandyopadhyay
    Molecular Biology Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 6,926 View
  • 219 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
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The Prognostic Impact of the Number of Metastatic Lymph Nodes and a New Prognostic Scoring System for Recurrence in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer with High Risk Factors: A Multicenter Cohort Study (KROG 15-04)
Jeanny Kwon, Keun-Young Eom, Young Seok Kim, Won Park, Mison Chun, Jihae Lee, Yong Bae Kim, Won Sup Yoon, Jin Hee Kim, Jin Hwa Choi, Sei Kyung Chang, Bae Kwon Jeong, Seok Ho Lee, Jihye Cha
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(3):964-974.   Published online October 24, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.346
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
We aimed to assess prognostic value of metastatic pelvic lymph node (mPLN) in early-stage cervical cancer treated with radical surgery followed by postoperative chemoradiotherapy. Also, we sought to define a high-risk group using prognosticators for recurrence.
Materials and Methods
A multicenter retrospective study was conducted using the data from 13 Korean institutions from 2000 to 2010. A total of 249 IB-IIA patients with high-risk factors were included. We evaluated distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in relation to clinicopathologic factors including pNstage, number of mPLN, lymph node (LN)ratio (number of positive LN/number of harvested LN), and log odds of mPLNs (log(number of positive LN+0.5/number of negative LN+0.5)).
Results
In univariate analysis, histology (squamous cell carcinoma [SqCC] vs. others), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), number of mPLNs (≤ 3 vs. > 3), LN ratio (≤ 17% vs. > 17%), and log odds of mPLNs (≤ ‒0.58 vs. > ‒0.58) were significant prognosticators for DMFS and DFS. Resection margin involvement only affected DFS. No significant survival difference was observed between pN0 patients and patients with 1-3 mPLNs. Multivariate analysis revealed that mPLN > 3, LVI, and non-SqCC were unfavorable index for both DMFS (p < 0.001, p=0.020, and p=0.031, respectively) and DFS (p < 0.001, p=0.017, and p=0.001, respectively). A scoring system using these three factors predicts risk of recurrence with relatively high concordance index (DMFS, 0.69; DFS, 0.71).
Conclusion
mPLN > 3 in early-stage cervical cancer affects DMFS and DFS. A scoring system using mPLNs > 3, LVI, and non-SqCC could stratify risk groups of recurrence in surgically resected early-stage cervix cancer with high-risk factors.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    Yang Wang, Xingyu Liu, Jing Liu, Liying Liu, Yue Ma
    Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Michihide Maeda, Seiji Mabuchi, Mina Sakata, Satoki Deguchi, Reisa Kakubari, Shinya Matsuzaki, Tsuyoshi Hisa, Shoji Kamiura
    Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology.2024; 54(2): 146.     CrossRef
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    Jorge Cea García, Francisco Márquez Maraver, M. Carmen Rubio Rodríguez, Laura Ríos-Pena, Inmaculada Rodríguez Jiménez
    Indian Journal of Gynecologic Oncology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Gui-Fen Ma, Gen-Lai Lin, Si-Tong Wang, Ya-Yu Huang, Chun-Li Xiao, Jing Sun, Ting-Yan Shi, Li-Bing Xiang
    BMC Women's Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Shuang Dong, Yan-Qing Peng, Ya-Nan Feng, Xiao-Ying Li, Li-Ping Gong, Shuang Zhang, Xiao-Shan Du, Li-Tao Sun
    BMC Women's Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Syed S Abrar, Seoparjoo Azmel Mohd Isa, Suhaily Mohd Hairon, Najib M Yaacob, Mohd Pazudin Ismail
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    Marina Senchukova
    American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine.2024; 12(5): 61.     CrossRef
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    Keisuke Kodama, Chuya Tateishi, Tsuyoshi Oda, Lin Cui, Kazutaka Kuramoto, Hideaki Yahata, Kaoru Okugawa, Shoji Maenohara, Hiroshi Yagi, Masafumi Yasunaga, Ichiro Onoyama, Kazuo Asanoma, Takeshi Mori, Yoshiki Katayama, Kiyoko Kato
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  • Preoperative prediction of cervical cancer survival using a high-resolution MRI-based radiomics nomogram
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Which Patients with Isolated Para-aortic Lymph Node Metastasis Will Truly Benefit from Extended Lymph Node Dissection for Colon Cancer?
Sung Uk Bae, Hyuk Hur, Byung Soh Min, Seung Hyuk Baik, Kang Young Lee, Nam Kyu Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(3):712-719.   Published online July 14, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.100
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The prognosis of patientswith colon cancer and para-aortic lymph node metastasis (PALNM) is poor. We analyzed the prognostic factors of extramesenteric lymphadenectomy for colon cancer patients with isolated PALNM.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 49 patients with PALNM who underwent curative resection between October 1988 and December 2009.
Results
In univariate analyses, the 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were higher in patients with ≤ 7 positive para-aortic lymph node (PALN) (36.5% and 27.5%) than in those with > 7 PALN (14.3% and 14.3%; p=0.010 and p=0.027, respectively), and preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level > 5 was also correlated with a lower 5-year OS and DFS rate of 21.5% and 11.7% compared with those with CEA ≤ 5 (46.3% and 41.4%; p=0.122 and 0.039, respectively). Multivariate analysis found that the number of positive PALN (hazard ratio [HR], 3.291; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.309 to 8.275; p=0.011) was an independent prognostic factor for OS and the number of positive PALN (HR, 2.484; 95% CI, 0.993 to 6.211; p=0.052) and preoperative CEA level (HR, 1.953; 95% CI, 0.940 to 4.057; p=0.073) were marginally independent prognostic factors for DFS. According to our prognostic model, the 5-year OS and DFS rate increased to 59.3% and 53.3%, respectively, in patients with ≤ 7 positive PALN and CEA level ≤ 5.
Conclusion
PALN dissection might be beneficial in carefully selected patients with a low CEA level and less extensive PALNM.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Prognostic factors of para-aortic lymph node metastasis from colorectal cancer in highly selected patients undergoing para-aortic lymph node dissection
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    Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology.2023; 19(6): 596.     CrossRef
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    Rong-Chang Wang, Jian-Qi Wang, Xiao-Yu Zhou, Chu-lin Zhong, Jin-Xu Chen, Jing-Song Chen
    World Journal of Surgical Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Frédéric Schell, Amaniel Kefleyesus, Nazim Benzerdjeb, Guillaume Passot, Pascal Rousset, Alhadeedi Omar, Laurent Villeneuve, Julien Péron, Olivier Glehen, Vahan Kepenekian
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    Hiroaki Nozawa, Kazushige Kawai, Kazuhito Sasaki, Shigenobu Emoto, Shinya Abe, Hirofumi Sonoda, Koji Murono, Junko Kishikawa, Yuzo Nagai, Yuichiro Yokoyama, Hiroyuki Anzai, Soichiro Ishihara
    International Journal of Clinical Oncology.2022; 27(3): 520.     CrossRef
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    Colorectal Disease.2021; 23(10): 2584.     CrossRef
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    Guglielmo Niccolò Piozzi, Seon Hahn Kim
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    Hamid Dahmarde, Fateme Parooie, Morteza Salarzaei
    Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
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    Junichi Sakamoto, Heita Ozawa, Hiroki Nakanishi, Shin Fujita, Norikatsu Miyoshi
    PLOS ONE.2020; 15(11): e0241815.     CrossRef
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    Kota Sahara, Jun Watanabe, Atsushi Ishibe, Yusuke Suwa, Hirokazu Suwa, Mitsuyoshi Ota, Chikara Kunisaki, Itaru Endo
    International Journal of Colorectal Disease.2019; 34(6): 1121.     CrossRef
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Molecular Signature for Lymphatic Invasion Associated with Survival of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
E Sun Paik, Hyun Jin Choi, Tae-Joong Kim, Jeong-Won Lee, Byoung-Gie Kim, Duk-Soo Bae, Chel Hun Choi
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(2):461-473.   Published online May 22, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.104
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
We aimed to develop molecular classifier that can predict lymphatic invasion and their clinical significance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients.
Materials and Methods
We analyzed gene expression (mRNA, methylated DNA) in data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. To identify molecular signatures for lymphatic invasion, we found differentially expressed genes. The performance of classifier was validated by receiver operating characteristics analysis, logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and support vector machine (SVM). We assessed prognostic role of classifier using random survival forest (RSF) model and pathway deregulation score (PDS). For external validation,we analyzed microarray data from 26 EOC samples of Samsung Medical Center and curatedOvarianData database.
Results
We identified 21 mRNAs, and seven methylated DNAs from primary EOC tissues that predicted lymphatic invasion and created prognostic models. The classifier predicted lymphatic invasion well, which was validated by logistic regression, LDA, and SVM algorithm (C-index of 0.90, 0.71, and 0.74 for mRNA and C-index of 0.64, 0.68, and 0.69 for DNA methylation). Using RSF model, incorporating molecular data with clinical variables improved prediction of progression-free survival compared with using only clinical variables (p < 0.001 and p=0.008). Similarly, PDS enabled us to classify patients into high-risk and low-risk group, which resulted in survival difference in mRNA profiles (log-rank p-value=0.011). In external validation, gene signature was well correlated with prediction of lymphatic invasion and patients’ survival.
Conclusion
Molecular signature model predicting lymphatic invasion was well performed and also associated with survival of EOC patients.

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  • Identifying Stage II Colorectal Cancer Recurrence Associated Genes by Microarray Meta-Analysis and Building Predictive Models with Machine Learning Algorithms
    Wei Lu, Xiang Pan, Siqi Dai, Dongliang Fu, Maxwell Hwang, Yingshuang Zhu, Lina Zhang, Jingsun Wei, Xiangxing Kong, Jun Li, Qian Xiao, Kefeng Ding, Quan Cheng
    Journal of Oncology.2021; 2021: 1.     CrossRef
  • 9,923 View
  • 249 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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Anti-proliferative Effect of Engineered Neural Stem Cells Expressing Cytosine Deaminase and Interferon-β against Lymph Node–Derived Metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma in Cellular and Xenograft Mouse Models
Geon-Tae Park, Seung U. Kim, Kyung-Chul Choi
Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(1):79-91.   Published online May 3, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.503
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Genetically engineered stem cells may be advantageous for gene therapy against various human cancers due to their inherent tumor-tropic properties. In this study, genetically engineered human neural stem cells (HB1.F3) expressing Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase (CD) (HB1.F3.CD) and human interferon-β (IFN-β) (HB1.F3.CD.IFN-β) were employed against lymph node–derived metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma.
Materials and Methods
CD can convert a prodrug, 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), to active 5-fluorouracil, which inhibits tumor growth through the inhibition of DNA synthesis,while IFN-β also strongly inhibits tumor growth by inducing the apoptotic process. In reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis, we confirmed that HB1.F3.CD cells expressed the CD gene and HB1.F3.CD.IFN-β cells expressed both CD and IFN-β genes.
Results
In results of a modified trans-well migration assay, HB1.F3.CD and HB1.F3.CD.IFN-β cells selectively migrated toward SW-620, human lymph node–derived metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. The viability of SW-620 cells was significantly reduced when co-cultured with HB1.F3.CD or HB1.F3.CD.IFN-β cells in the presence of 5-FC. In addition, it was found that the tumor-tropic properties of these engineered human neural stem cells (hNSCs) were attributed to chemoattractant molecules including stromal cell-derived factor 1, c-Kit, urokinase receptor, urokinase-type plasminogen activator, and C-C chemokine receptor type 2 secreted by SW-620 cells. In a xenograft mouse model, treatment with hNSC resulted in significantly inhibited growth of the tumor mass without virulent effects on the animals.
Conclusion
The current results indicate that engineered hNSCs and a prodrug treatment inhibited the growth of SW-620 cells. Therefore, hNSC therapy may be a clinically effective tool for the treatment of lymph node metastatic colorectal cancer.

Citations

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  • Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy with multi-transgene armed mesenchymal stem cells for treating peritoneal carcinomatosis
    Yoon Khei Ho, Jun Yung Woo, Kin Man Loke, Lih-Wen Deng, Heng-Phon Too
    Journal of Translational Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Genetically engineered neural stem cells expressing cytosine deaminase and interferon-beta enhanced T cell-mediated antitumor immunity against gastric cancer in a humanized mouse model
    Youngdong Choi, Hong Kyu Lee, Dohee Ahn, Min-Woo Nam, Ryeo-Eun Go, Kyung-Chul Choi
    Life Sciences.2023; 328: 121866.     CrossRef
  • Carboxylesterase-overexpressing hTERT-immortalized human adipose stem cells in prostate tumor growth inhibition by irinotecan
    Jae Heon Kim, Eunjeong Oh, Eun Seop Song, Chul Won Yun, Sang Hun Lee, Yun Seob Song
    Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2023; 19(7): 1731.     CrossRef
  • Nerves in gastrointestinal cancer: from mechanism to modulations
    Nathalie Vaes, Musa Idris, Werend Boesmans, Maria M. Alves, Veerle Melotte
    Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2022; 19(12): 768.     CrossRef
  • Genetically-modified Stem Cell in Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Therapy; A New Era
    Ali Hassanzadeh, Somayeh Shamlou , Niloufar Yousefi, Marzieh Nikoo, Javad Verdi
    Current Gene Therapy.2021; 22(1): 23.     CrossRef
  • Antithyroid cancer effects of human neural stem cells expressing therapeutic genes on anaplastic thyroid cancer cells
    Hye‐Ji Shin, Kyung‐A. Hwang, Ryeo‐Eun Go, Seung U. Kim, Kyung‐Chul Choi
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry.2020; 121(2): 1586.     CrossRef
  • Antitumor efficacy of cytosine deaminase-armed vaccinia virus plus 5-fluorocytosine in colorectal cancers
    Yuedi Ding, Jun Fan, Lili Deng, Biao Huang, Bin Zhou
    Cancer Cell International.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A highly efficient non-viral process for programming mesenchymal stem cells for gene directed enzyme prodrug cancer therapy
    Yoon Khei Ho, Jun Yung Woo, Geraldine Xue En Tu, Lih-Wen Deng, Heng-Phon Too
    Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Potential Therapy Using Engineered Stem Cells Prevented Malignant Melanoma in Cellular and Xenograft Mouse Models
    Jae-Rim Heo, Kyung-A Hwang, Seung U. Kim, Kyung-Chul Choi
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2019; 51(2): 797.     CrossRef
  • The growth inhibitory effect of human gingiva-derived mesenchymal stromal cells expressing interferon-β on tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells and xenograft model
    Lingqian Du, Qianyu Liang, Shaohua Ge, Chengzhe Yang, Pishan Yang
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    Gyu‑Sik Kim, Kyung‑A Hwang, Kyung‑Chul Choi
    Oncology Letters.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cancer-Specific Inhibitory Effects of Genetically Engineered Stem Cells Expressing Cytosine Deaminase and Interferon-β Against Choriocarcinoma in Xenografted Metastatic Mouse Models
    Gyu-Sik Kim, Jae-Rim Heo, Seung U. Kim, Kyung-Chul Choi
    Translational Oncology.2018; 11(1): 74.     CrossRef
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    GEON-TAE PARK, JAE-RIM HEO, SEUNG U. KIM, KYUNG-CHUL CHOI
    Cytotherapy.2018; 20(9): 1191.     CrossRef
  • Cytotoxic effect of co-expression of human hepatitis A virus 3C protease and bifunctional suicide protein FCU1 genes in a bicistronic vector
    Alexey Komissarov, Ilya Demidyuk, Dina Safina, Marina Roschina, Andrey Shubin, Nataliya Lunina, Maria Karaseva, Sergey Kostrov
    Molecular Biology Reports.2017; 44(4): 323.     CrossRef
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    Rachael Mooney, Asma Abdul Majid, Jennifer Batalla, Alexander J. Annala, Karen S. Aboody
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    Nanhui Yu, Hong Zhu, Yuan Yang, Yiming Tao, Fengbo Tan, Qian Pei, Yuan Zhou, Xiangping Song, Qiurong Tan, Haiping Pei
    Oncotarget.2017; 8(31): 51478.     CrossRef
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Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis by Tumor Dimension Versus Tumor Biological Properties in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Jeon Yeob Jang, Min Ji Kim, Gwanghui Ryu, Nayeon Choi, Young-Hyeh Ko, Han-Sin Jeong
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):54-62.   Published online March 6, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.332
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a strong prognostic factor in many solid cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), and LNM can be dependent upon primary tumor biology, as well as tumor dimension. Here, we investigate the relative risk of LNM in accordance to tumor dimension and biology in HNSCC subsites.
Materials and Methods
Medical data of 295 HNSCC patients who had undergone the initial curative surgery (oral tongue 174, oropharynx 75, hypopharynx 46) were analyzed to identify the significant predictive factor for LNM. Tumor volume and thickness were set as tumor dimensional variables, and biological variables included lymphovascular, perineural invasion, and tumor differentiation. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess the predictability of LNM from variables, and subgroup analyses according to the tumor subsites. In addition, we evaluated the impacts of tumor dimension and biological variables on the treatment outcomes and survival in HNSCC subsites.
Results
The overall tumor dimension and biological variables had a similar impact on the prediction of LNM in HNSCC (area under curve, 0.7682 and 0.7717). The prediction sensitivity of LNM in oral tongue cancer was mainly dependent on tumor dimension, while LNM in oro- and hypo-pharynx cancers was more influenced by biological factors. Survival analyses also confirmed that biological factor was more powerful in estimating disease-free survival of hypopharyngeal cancer patients, while tumor dimension was more significant in that of oral cancer patients.
Conclusion
Tumor dimension and biology have a significant, tumor subsite-dependent impact on the occurrence of LNM and disease-free survival in HNSCC.

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  • Extra-Capsular Spread of Lymph Node Metastasis in Oral, Oropharyngeal and Hypopharyngeal Cancer: A Comparative Subsite Analysis
    Yung Jee Kang, Goeun Park, Sung Yool Park, Taehwan Kim, Eunhye Kim, Yujin Heo, Changhee Lee, Han-Sin Jeong
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    Zhuo-Ying Tao, Guang Chu, Yu-Xiong Su
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    Qian Chen, Rui Wei, Shan Li
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    Wendu Pang, Yaxin Luo, Junhong Li, Danni Cheng, Yufang Rao, Minzi Mao, Ke Qiu, Yijun Dong, Jun Liu, Jian Zou, Haiyang Wang, Fei Chen
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    Bok‐Soon Lee, Jeon Yeob Jang, Chorong Seo, Chul‐Ho Kim
    The FASEB Journal.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Xiaohui Yuan, Chi-Yao Hsueh, Ming Zhang, Lei Tao, Liang Zhou
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    Jia Kou, Li Lin, Cheng‐Yang Jiao, Meng‐Qiu Tian, Guan‐Qun Zhou, Xue Jiang, Jun Ma, Zhen‐Yu Qi, Yao Lu, Ying Sun
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    Christoph Klingelhöffer, Andreas Gründlinger, Gerrit Spanier, Stephan Schreml, Maximilian Gottsauner, Steffen Mueller, Johannes K. Meier, Torsten E. Reichert, Tobias Ettl
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    Manish Mair, Deepa Nair, Sudhir Nair, Akshat Malik, Aseem Mishra, Sadhana Kannan, Saurabh Bobdey, Hitesh Singhvi, Pankaj Chaturvedi
    Head & Neck.2018; 40(8): 1667.     CrossRef
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    Xu Qian, Branko Sinikovic, Frank Schreiber, Sebastian Ochsenreither, Konrad Klinghammer, Barbara Wollenberg, Andreas M. Kaufmann, Andreas E. Albers
    European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2018; 275(11): 2787.     CrossRef
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    Ivica Luksic, Petar Suton
    Head & Neck.2017; 39(4): 694.     CrossRef
  • Measurement of tumor volume is not superior to diameter for prediction of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer with minute submucosal invasion
    Jeung Hui Pyo, Sun-Ju Byeon, Hyuk Lee, Yang Won Min, Byung-Hoon Min, Jun Haeng Lee, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Hyeon Seon Ahn, Kyunga Kim, Yoon-Ho Choi, Jae J. Kim
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    Jeon Yeob Jang
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Impact of Chemoradiation on Prognosis in Stage IVB Cervical Cancer with Distant Lymphatic Metastasis
Hee Seung Kim, Taehun Kim, Eung Seok Lee, Hak Jae Kim, Hyun Hoon Chung, Jae Weon Kim, Yong Sang Song, Noh Hyun Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2013;45(3):193-201.   Published online September 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.45.3.193
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to determine whether chemoradiation (CCR) is efficient for improving prognosis, compared with systemic chemotherapy (SC), in patients with stage IVB cervical cancer who have distant lymphatic metastasis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Among 2,322 patients with cervical cancer between January 2000 and March 2010, 43 patients (1.9%) had stage IVB disease. After exclusion of 19 patients due to insufficient data and hematogenous metastasis, 24 patients (1%) who received CCR (n=10) or SC (n=14) were enrolled. We compared tumor response, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and disease recurrence between CCR and SC.
RESULTS
Complete response rates were 60% and 0% after CCR and SC (p<0.01). Grade 3 or 4 leukopenia was more common in patients treated with CCR (24.4% vs. 9.1%, p=0.03), whereas grade 3 or 4 neuropenia was more frequent in those treated with SC (28.4% vs. 11.1%, p=0.03). Development of grade 3 proctitis occurred as a late radiotherapy (RT)-related toxicity in only one patient (10%) treated with CCR. In addition, squamous cell carcinoma and CCR were favorable prognostic factors for improvement of PFS (adjusted hazard ratios [HRs], 0.17 and 0.12; 95% confidence intervals [CIs], 0.04 to 0.80 and 0.03 to 0.61), and only CCR was significant for improvement of OS (adjusted HR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.90). However, no differences in the rate and pattern of disease recurrence were observed between CCR and SC.
CONCLUSION
CCR may be more effective than SC for improving survival, and can be regarded as a feasible method with some caution regarding late RT-related toxicity for treatment of stage IVB cervical cancer with distant lymphatic metastasis.

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Case Reports
Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma with Multiple Lymph Node Metastasis: A Case Report
Gun Yoon, Tae-Joong Kim, Chang-Ohk Sung, Chel Hun Choi, Jeong-Won Lee, Je-Ho Lee, Duk-Soo Bae, Byoung-Gie Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(2):131-133.   Published online June 30, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.2.131
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
This is a case report about benign metastasizing leiomyoma with multiple lymph node metastasis. A 34-year-old woman received an abdominal myomectomy for a suspicious leiomyoma. On the pathology report, atypical leiomyoma was suspected. Due to the suspicion of multiple lymph node metastasis on pelvis computed tomography (CT) 1 year after the operation, she was transferred to the Samsung Medical Center on October, 2009 for further work up. According to original slide review, it was determined to be a benign leiomyoma with a mitotic count <5/10 high-power fields, little cytological atypia and no tumor cell necrosis. Additional immunostaining was done. Multiple lymph node metastasis and a small lung nodule were identified on positron emission tomogarphy-CT and chest CT. Extensive debulking surgery and diagnostic video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) wedge resection were subsequently done. Metastatic lesions were reported to have a histology similar to that of the original mass. VATS right upper lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed because of the pathology result of VATS (adenocarcinoma). She started taking an aromatase inhibitor (Letrozole(R)) and there was no evidence of recurrence of disease on an imaging study and no post-operative complications until recently.

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Recurrent and Metastatic Trichilemmal Carcinoma of the Skin Over the Thigh: A Case Report
Hyon Seung Yi, Sun Jin Sym, Jinny Park, Eun Kyung Cho, Seung-Yeon Ha, Dong Bok Shin, Jae Hoon Lee
Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(3):176-179.   Published online September 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.3.176
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

Trichilemmal carcinoma (TC) is an uncommon cutaneous neoplasm that develops from the external root sheath of the hair follicle. It is considered to be a low-grade carcinoma with low metastatic potential. Local recurrence and metastasis are rare after surgical excision. We report here on a case of metastatic TC in the skin over the thigh, and this tumor was treated with cisplatin and cyclophosphamide combination chemotherapy.

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Original Article
Clinical Significance of Lymph Node Micrometastasis in Stage I and II Colon Cancer
Sun Jin Park, Kil Yeon Lee, Si Young Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2008;40(2):75-80.   Published online June 30, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2008.40.2.75
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

A 25% rate of recurrence after performing complete resection in node-negative colon cancer patients suggests that their nodal staging is frequently suboptimal. Moreover, the value of occult cancer cells in tumor-free lymph nodes still remains uncertain. The authors evaluated the prognostic significance of the pathologic parameters, including the lymph node occult disease (micrometastases) detected by immunohistochemistry, in patients with node-negative colon cancer.

Materials and Methods

The study included 160 patients with curatively resected stage I or II colon cancer and they were without rectal cancer. 2852 lymph nodes were re-examined by re-do hematoxylin and eosin (H-E) staining and immunohistochemical staining. The detection rates were compared with the clinicopathologic characteristics and with the cancer-specific survival.

Results

Occult metastases were detected in 8 patients (5%). However, no clinicopathologic parameter was found to be correlated with the presence of micrometastasis. Twenty patients developed recurrence at a median follow-up of 45.7 months: 14 died of colon cancer and 9 died from noncancer-related causes. Univariate analysis showed that lymphatic invasion and the number of retrieved lymph nodes significantly influenced survival, and multivariate analysis revealed that the stage, the number of retrieved lymph nodes and lymphatic invasion were independently related to the prognosis.

Conclusions

Inadequate lymph node retrieval and lymphatic invasion were found to be associated with a poorer outcome for node-negative colon cancer patients. The presence of immunostained tumors cells in pN0 lymph nodes was found to have no significant effect on survival, but these tumor were identified by re-do H-E staining. Maximal attention should be paid to the total number of lymph nodes that are retrieved during surgery for colon cancer patients.

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