Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Harnessing Institutionally Developed Clinical Targeted Sequencing to Improve Patient Survival in Breast Cancer: A Seven-Year Experience: Jiwon Koh, Jinyong Kim, Go-Un Woo, Hanbaek Yi, So Yean Kwon, Jeongmin Seo, Jeong Mo Bae, Jung Ho Kim, Jae Kyung Won, Han Suk Ryu, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Dae-Won Lee, Miso Kim, Tae-Yong Kim, Kyung-Hun Lee, Tae-You Kim, Jee-Soo Lee, Moon-Woo Seong, Sheehyun Kim, Sungyoung Lee, Hongseok Yun, Myung Geun Song, Jaeyong Choi, Jong-Il Kim, Seock-Ah Im; Received March 23, 2024 Accepted August 18, 2024 Published online August 21, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.296 [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
Considering the high disease burden and unique features of Asian patients with breast cancer (BC), it is essential to have a comprehensive view of genetic characteristics in this population. An institutional targeted sequencing platform was developed through the Korea Research-Driven Hospitals project and was incorporated into clinical practice. This study explores the use of targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) and its outcomes in patients with advanced/metastatic BC in the real world.
Materials and Methods
We reviewed the results of NGS tests administered to BC patients using a customized sequencing platform—FiRST Cancer Panel (FCP)—over 7 years. We systematically described clinical translation of FCP for precise diagnostics, personalized therapeutic strategies, and unraveling disease pathogenesis.
Results
NGS tests were conducted on 548 samples from 522 patients with BC. Ninety-seven point six percentage of tested samples harbored at least one pathogenic alteration. The common alterations included mutations in TP53 (56.2%), PIK3CA (31.2%), GATA3 (13.8%), BRCA2 (10.2%), and amplifications of CCND1 (10.8%), FGF19 (10.0%), and ERBB2 (9.5%). NGS analysis of ERBB2 amplification correlated well with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. RNA panel analyses found potentially actionable and prognostic fusion genes. FCP effectively screened for potentially germline pathogenic/likely pathogenic mutation. Ten point three percent of BC patients received matched therapy guided by NGS, resulting in a significant overall survival advantage (p=0.022), especially for metastatic BCs.
Conclusion
Clinical NGS provided multifaceted benefits, deepening our understanding of the disease, improving diagnostic precision, and paving the way for targeted therapies. The concrete advantages of FCP highlight the importance of multi-gene testing for BC, especially for metastatic conditions.

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Breast cancer

A 10-Gene Signature to Predict the Prognosis of Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Chang Min Kim, Kyong Hwa Park, Yun Suk Yu, Ju Won Kim, Jin Young Park, Kyunghee Park, Jong-Han Yu, Jeong Eon Lee, Sung Hoon Sim, Bo Kyoung Seo, Jin Kyeoung Kim, Eun Sook Lee, Yeon Hee Park, Sun-Young Kong; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(4):1113-1125. Published online May 10, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.100

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly challenging subtype of breast cancer, with a poorer prognosis compared to other subtypes. Unfortunately, unlike luminal-type cancers, there is no validated biomarker to predict the prognosis of patients with early-stage TNBC. Accurate biomarkers are needed to establish effective therapeutic strategies.
Materials and Methods
In this study, we analyzed gene expression profiles of tumor samples from 184 TNBC patients (training cohort, n=76; validation cohort, n=108) using RNA sequencing.
Results
By combining weighted gene expression, we identified a 10-gene signature (DGKH, GADD45B, KLF7, LYST, NR6A1, PYCARD, ROBO1, SLC22A20P, SLC24A3, and SLC45A4) that stratified patients by risk score with high sensitivity (92.31%), specificity (92.06%), and accuracy (92.11%) for invasive disease-free survival. The 10-gene signature was validated in a separate institution cohort and supported by meta-analysis for biological relevance to well-known driving pathways in TNBC. Furthermore, the 10-gene signature was the only independent factor for invasive disease-free survival in multivariate analysis when compared to other potential biomarkers of TNBC molecular subtypes and T-cell receptor β diversity. 10-gene signature also further categorized patients classified as molecular subtypes according to risk scores.
Conclusion
Our novel findings may help address the prognostic challenges in TNBC and the 10-gene signature could serve as a novel biomarker for risk-based patient care.

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Significance of Multi-Cancer Genome Profiling Testing for Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis of 3326 Cases from Japan’s National Database
Kyoka Kawabata, Hinano Nishikubo, Saki Kanei, Rika Aoyama, Yuki Tsukada, Tomoya Sano, Daiki Imanishi, Takashi Sakuma, Koji Maruo, Yurie Yamamoto, Qiang Wang, Zhonglin Zhu, Canfeng Fan, Masakazu Yashiro
Genes.2024; 15(6): 792. CrossRef

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Health-Seeking Behavior Returning to Normalcy Overcoming COVID-19 Threat in Breast Cancer: Eun-Gyeong Lee, Yireh Han, Dong-Eun Lee, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Hyoung Won Koh, Eun-Kyu Kim, So-Youn Jung; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1222-1230. Published online April 3, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.364

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has significantly impacted the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Our study investigated the change in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer with the progress of COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods
The study group comprised 6,514 recently diagnosed breast cancer patients between January 1, 2019, and February 28, 2021. The patients were divided into two groups: pre–COVID-19 period (3,182; January 2019 to December 2019) and COVID-19 pandemic period (3,332; January 2020 to February 2021). Clinicopathological information related to the first treatment after breast cancer diagnosis was retrospectively collected and analyzed in the two groups.
Results
Among the 6,514 breast cancer patients, 3,182 were in the pre–COVID-19 period and 3,332 were in the COVID-19 pandemic period. According to our evaluation, the least breast cancer diagnosis (21.8%) was seen in the first quarter of 2020. The diagnosis increased gradually except for the fourth quarter in 2020. While early-stage breast cancer was diagnosed 1,601 (48.1%) during the COVID-19 pandemic (p=0.001), the number of surgical treatments increased 4.6% (p < 0.001), and the treatment time was slightly shorter 2 days (p=0.001). The breast cancer subtype distribution was not statistically different between the pre–COVID-19 and COVID-19 period groups.
Conclusion
In the early stages of the pandemic, the number of breast cancer cases temporarily decreased; however, they stabilized soon, and no significant differences could be identified in the diagnosis and treatment when compared to the period before the pandemic.

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Lung and Thoracic cancer

The Additive Impact of Transbronchial Cryobiopsy Using a 1.1-mm Diameter Cryoprobe on Conventional Biopsy for Peripheral Lung Nodules: Soo Han Kim, Jeongha Mok, Eun-Jung Jo, Mi-Hyun Kim, Kwangha Lee, Ki Uk Kim, Hye-Kyung Park, Min Ki Lee, Jung Seop Eom; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):506-512. Published online November 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1008

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The diagnostic yield of transbronchial biopsy (TBB) using radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (RP-EBUS) is 71%, which is lower than that of transthoracic needle biopsy. We investigated the performance and safety of sequential transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBC) using a novel 1.1-mm diameter cryoprobe, after conventional TBB using RP-EBUS for the diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions (PLLs).
Materials and Methods
From April 2021 to November 2021, 110 patients who underwent bronchoscopy using RP-EBUS for the diagnosis of PLL ≤ 30 mm were retrospectively included in our study. All records were followed until June 2022.
Results
The overall diagnostic yield of combined TBB and TBC was 79.1%, which was higher than 60.9% of TBB alone (p=0.005). The diagnostic yield of sequential TBC was 65.5%, which increased the overall diagnostic yield by 18.2%. The surface area of tissues by TBC (mean area, 18.5 mm²) was significantly larger than those of TBB by 1.5-mm forceps (3.4 mm², p < 0.001) and 1.9-mm forceps (3.7 mm², p=0.011). In the multivariate analysis, PLLs with the longest diameter of ≤ 22 mm were found to be related to additional diagnostic benefits from sequential TBC (odds ratio, 3.51; 95% confidence interval, 1.043 to 11.775; p=0.042). Complications were found in 10.5% of the patients: pneumothorax (1.0%), infection (1.0%), and significant bleeding (8.6%). None of the patients developed any life-threatening complications.
Conclusion
Sequential TBC with a 1.1-mm cryoprobe improved the performance of conventional TBB using RP-EBUS without serious complications.

Citations

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Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy for peripheral pulmonary lesions. A narrative review
Y. Tang, S. Tian, H. Chen, X. Li, X. Pu, X. Zhang, Y. Zheng, Y. Li, H. Huang, C. Bai
Pulmonology.2024; 30(5): 475. CrossRef
Transbronchial Tumor Ablation
Russell Miller, George Cheng
Current Pulmonology Reports.2024; 13(1): 103. CrossRef
Using cryoprobes of different sizes combined with cone-beam computed tomography-derived augmented fluoroscopy and endobronchial ultrasound to diagnose peripheral pulmonary lesions: a propensity-matched study
Ching-Kai Lin, Sheng-Yuan Ruan, Hung-Jen Fan, Hao-Chun Chang, Yen-Ting Lin, Chao-Chi Ho
Respiratory Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Next‐generation sequencing using tissue specimen collected with a 1.1 mm‐diameter cryoprobe in patients with lung cancer
Mi‐Hyun Kim, Soo Han Kim, Geewon Lee, Jeongha Mok, Min Ki Lee, Ju Sun Song, Jung Seop Eom
Respirology.2024; 29(4): 333. CrossRef
Development of the Korean Association for Lung Cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines: Recommendations on Radial Probe Endobronchial Ultrasound for Diagnosing Lung Cancer - An Updated Meta-Analysis
Soo Han Kim, Hyun Sung Chung, Jinmi Kim, Mi-Hyun Kim, Min Ki Lee, Insu Kim, Jung Seop Eom
Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(2): 464. CrossRef
Navigational bronchoscopy with tranbronchial cryobiopsy in differential diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions
Ya.O. Chesalina, I.Yu. Shabalina, L.A. Semenova, I.V. Sivokozov
Pirogov Russian Journal of Surgery.2024; (6): 36. CrossRef
Advanced Bronchoscopic Diagnostic Techniques in Lung Cancer
Dongil Park
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2024; 87(3): 282. CrossRef
Clinical utility of rapid on-site evaluation of brush cytology during bronchoscopy using endobronchial ultrasound with a guide sheath
Kazuhiro Nishiyama, Kei Morikawa, Shotaro Kaneko, Makoto Nishida, Aya Matsushima, Yoshihiro Nishi, Yu Numata, Yusuke Shinozaki, Hajime Tsuruoka, Hirotaka Kida, Hiroshi Handa, Naoki Shimada, Chie Okawa, Nobuyuki Ohike, Junki Koike, Masamichi Mineshita
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Bronchial branch tracing navigation in ultrathin bronchoscopy-guided radial endobronchial ultrasound for peripheral pulmonary nodule
Sze Shyang Kho, Shirin Hui Tan, Swee Kim Chan, Chan Sin Chai, Siew Teck Tie
BMC Pulmonary Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions: transbronchial biopsy using a radial probe endobronchial ultrasound
Jung Seop Eom
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2023; 66(3): 166. CrossRef
Clinical outcomes of transbronchial cryobiopsy using a 1.1-mm diameter cryoprobe for peripheral lung lesions - A prospective pilot study
Soo Han Kim, Jeongha Mok, Saerom Kim, Wan Ho Yoo, Eun-Jung Jo, Mi-Hyun Kim, Kwangha Lee, Ki Uk Kim, Hye-Kyung Park, Min Ki Lee, Jung Seop Eom
Respiratory Medicine.2023; 217: 107338. CrossRef

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Genitourinary cancer

Next-generation Proteomics-Based Discovery, Verification, and Validation of Urine Biomarkers for Bladder Cancer Diagnosis: Jungyo Suh, Dohyun Han, Ja Hyeon Ku, Hyeon Hoe Kim, Cheol Kwak, Chang Wook Jeong; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):882-893. Published online October 9, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.642

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
We aimed to identify, verify, and validate a multiplex urinary biomarker-based prediction model for diagnosis and surveillance of urothelial carcinoma of bladder, using high-throughput proteomics methods.
Materials and Methods
Label-free quantification of data-dependent and data-independent acquisition of 12 and 24 individuals was performed in each of the discovery and verification phases using mass spectrometry, simultaneously using urinary exosome and proteins. Based on five scoring system based on proteomics data and statistical methods, we selected eight proteins. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on urine from 120 patients with bladder mass lesions used for validation. Using multivariable logistic regression, we selected final candidate models for predicting bladder cancer.
Results
Comparing the discovery and verification cohorts, 38% (50/132 exosomal differentially expressed proteins [DEPs]) and 44% (109/248 urinary DEPs) are consistent at statistically significance, respectively. The 20 out of 50 exosome proteins and 27 out of 109 urinary proteins were upregulated in cancer patients. From eight selected proteins, we developed two diagnostic models for bladder cancer. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of two models were 0.845 and 0.842, which outperformed AUROC of urine cytology.
Conclusion
The results showed that the two diagnostic models developed here were more accurate than urine cytology. We successfully developed and validated a multiplex urinary protein-based prediction, which will have wide applications for the rapid diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. External validation for this biomarker panel in large population is required.

Citations

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A novel machine learning algorithm selects proteome signature to specifically identify cancer exosomes
Bingrui Li, Fernanda G Kugeratski, Raghu Kalluri
eLife.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A novel machine learning algorithm selects proteome signature to specifically identify cancer exosomes
Bingrui Li, Fernanda G Kugeratski, Raghu Kalluri
eLife.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Comprehensive Urinary Proteome Profiling Analysis Identifies Diagnosis and Relapse Surveillance Biomarkers for Bladder Cancer
Qi Chang, Yongqiang Chen, Jianjian Yin, Tao Wang, Yuanheng Dai, Zixin Wu, Yufeng Guo, Lingang Wang, Yufen Zhao, Hang Yuan, Dongkui Song, Lirong Zhang
Journal of Proteome Research.2024; 23(6): 2241. CrossRef
Construction of noninvasive prognostic model of bladder cancer patients based on urine proteomics and screening of natural compounds
Shun Wan, Jinlong Cao, Siyu Chen, Jianwei Yang, Huabin Wang, Chenyang Wang, Kunpeng Li, Li Yang
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2023; 149(1): 281. CrossRef
Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Bladder Cancer Biomarkers: Take It or Leave It?
Ana Teixeira-Marques, Catarina Lourenço, Miguel Carlos Oliveira, Rui Henrique, Carmen Jerónimo
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(7): 6757. CrossRef
Advances in the application of label‐free quantitative proteomics techniques in malignancy research
Xiao Meng, Dong Liu, Yan Guan
Biomedical Chromatography.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Off the fog to find the optimal choice: Research advances in biomarkers for early diagnosis and recurrence monitoring of bladder cancer
Jiaxin Zhao, Jinming Li, Rui Zhang
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer.2023; 1878(4): 188926. CrossRef
An overview of metabolomic and proteomic profiling in bipolar disorder and its clinical value
Henrique Caracho Ribeiro, Flávia da Silva Zandonadi, Alessandra Sussulini
Expert Review of Proteomics.2023; 20(11): 267. CrossRef
Proteome and immune responses of extracellular vesicles derived from macrophages infected with the periodontal pathogen Tannerella forsythia
Younggap Lim, Hyun Young Kim, Dohyun Han, Bong‐Kyu Choi
Journal of Extracellular Vesicles.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
A Liquid Biopsy in Bladder Cancer—The Current Landscape in Urinary Biomarkers
Milena Matuszczak, Adam Kiljańczyk, Maciej Salagierski
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(15): 8597. CrossRef
Next-generation proteomics of serum extracellular vesicles combined with single-cell RNA sequencing identifies MACROH2A1 associated with refractory COVID-19
Takahiro Kawasaki, Yoshito Takeda, Ryuya Edahiro, Yuya Shirai, Mari Nogami-Itoh, Takanori Matsuki, Hiroshi Kida, Takatoshi Enomoto, Reina Hara, Yoshimi Noda, Yuichi Adachi, Takayuki Niitsu, Saori Amiya, Yuta Yamaguchi, Teruaki Murakami, Yasuhiro Kato, Tak
Inflammation and Regeneration.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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281 Download
10 Web of Science
11 Crossref

Soluble Axl Is a Novel Diagnostic Biomarker of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chinese Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Xiaoting Song, Ailu Wu, Zhixiao Ding, Shixiong Liang, Chunyan Zhang; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(3):789-797. Published online March 5, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.749

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of soluble Axl (sAxl) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in comparison with serum α-fetoprotein (AFP).
Materials and Methods
Eighty HCC patients, 80 liver cirrhosis patients (LC), 80 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and 80 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. sAxl levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, serum AFP levelswere measured by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate diagnostic performances.
Results
The results show that levels of sAxl were high expression in patients with HCC (p < 0.05), varied with disease state as follows: HCC > LC > HC > HBV. Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis identified the optimal cut-off for sAxl in differentiating all HCC and non-HCC patients was 1,202 pg/mL (area under the receiver operating characteristic [AUC], 0.888; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.852 to 0.924) with sensitivity 95.0%, specificity 73.3%. Furthermore, differential diagnosis of early HCC with non-HCC patients for sAxl showed the optimal cut-off was 1,202 pg/mL (AUC, 0.881; 95% CI, 0.831 to 0.931; sensitivity, 94.1%; specificity, 73.3%). Among AFP-negative HCC patients with non-HCC patients, the cut-off was 1,301 pg/mL (AUC, 0.898; 95% CI, 0.854 to 0.942) with a sensitivity of 84.6%, a specificity of 76.3%. The optimal cut-off for sAxl in differentiating all HCC and chronic liver disease patients was 1,243 pg/mL (AUC, 0.840; 95% CI, 0.791 to 0.888) with sensitivity 93.8%, specificity 61.9%. The combination of AFP and sAxl increased diagnostic value for HCC.
Conclusion
sAxl outperforms AFP in detecting HCC, especially in early HCC and in AFP-negative HCC. Combination sAxl with AFP improved the specificity for early HCC diagnosis. In summary, sAxl is a candidate serum marker for diagnosing HCC.

Citations

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Biomarker in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Pooja Basthi Mohan, Rajiv Lochan, Shiran Shetty
Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology.2024; 15(S2): 261. CrossRef
From MASH to HCC: the role of Gas6/TAM receptors
Daria Apostolo, Luciana L. Ferreira, Federica Vincenzi, Nicole Vercellino, Rosalba Minisini, Federico Latini, Barbara Ferrari, Michela E. Burlone, Mario Pirisi, Mattia Bellan
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
GAS6/TAM Axis as Therapeutic Target in Liver Diseases
Anna Tutusaus, Albert Morales, Pablo García de Frutos, Montserrat Marí
Seminars in Liver Disease.2024; 44(01): 099. CrossRef
Dynamic changes in immune cell populations by AXL kinase targeting diminish liver inflammation and fibrosis in experimental MASH
Sturla Magnus Grøndal, Anna Tutusaus, Loreto Boix, Maria Reig, Magnus Blø, Linn Hodneland, Gro Gausdal, Akil Jackson, Pablo Garcia de Frutos, James Bradley Lorens, Albert Morales, Montserrat Marí
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluating soluble Axl as a biomarker for glioblastoma: A pilot study
Daniel Raymond, Melanie Fukui, Samuel Zwernik, Amin Kassam, Richard Rovin, Parvez Akhtar, Salvatore V. Pizzo
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(7): e0301739. CrossRef
A meta-analysis and of clinical values of 11 blood biomarkers, such as AFP, DCP, and GP73 for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Bing-yao Pang, Yan Leng, Xiaoli Wang, Yi-qiang Wang, Li-hong Jiang
Annals of Medicine.2023; 55(1): 42. CrossRef
Updating the Clinical Application of Blood Biomarkers and Their Algorithms in the Diagnosis and Surveillance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Critical Review
Endrit Shahini, Giuseppe Pasculli, Antonio Giovanni Solimando, Claudio Tiribelli, Raffaele Cozzolongo, Gianluigi Giannelli
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(5): 4286. CrossRef
AXL in cancer: a modulator of drug resistance and therapeutic target
Yaoxiang Tang, Hongjing Zang, Qiuyuan Wen, Songqing Fan
Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Emerging biomolecules for practical theranostics of liver hepatocellular carcinoma
Miner Hu, Xiaojun Xia, Lichao Chen, Yunpeng Jin, Zhenhua Hu, Shudong Xia, Xudong Yao
Annals of Hepatology.2023; 28(6): 101137. CrossRef
Gas6 in chronic liver disease—a novel blood-based biomarker for liver fibrosis
Katharina Staufer, Heidemarie Huber, Jasmin Zessner-Spitzenberg, Rudolf Stauber, Armin Finkenstedt, Heike Bantel, Thomas S. Weiss, Markus Huber, Patrick Starlinger, Thomas Gruenberger, Thomas Reiberger, Susanne Sebens, Gail McIntyre, Ray Tabibiazar, Amato
Cell Death Discovery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
TAM Receptors in the Pathophysiology of Liver Disease
Emilio Flint, Evangelos Triantafyllou, Christine Bernsmeier
Livers.2022; 2(1): 15. CrossRef
Prognostic Value of Computed Tomography Texture Features in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Following Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy
Yufeng Zhu, Jie He, Xingcai Luo
Iranian Journal of Radiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Abdominal ultrasound and alpha-foetoprotein for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in adults with chronic liver disease
Agostino Colli, Tin Nadarevic, Damir Miletic, Vanja Giljaca, Mirella Fraquelli, Davor Štimac, Giovanni Casazza
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Accelerating AXL targeting for TNBC therapy
Lohit Khera, Sima Lev
The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology.2021; 139: 106057. CrossRef
Hepatocellular Carcinoma in 2021: An Exhaustive Update
Cyriac A Philips, Sasidharan Rajesh, Dinu C Nair, Rizwan Ahamed, Jinsha K Abduljaleel, Philip Augustine
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
AXL Knock-Out in SNU475 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Provides Evidence for Lethal Effect Associated with G2 Arrest and Polyploidization
Tugce Batur, Ayse Argundogan, Umur Keles, Zeynep Mutlu, Hani Alotaibi, Serif Senturk, Mehmet Ozturk
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(24): 13247. CrossRef
New Blood Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of AFP-Negative Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Ting Wang, Kun-He Zhang
Frontiers in Oncology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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The Clinical Value of PELP1 for Breast Cancer: A Comparison with Multiple Cancers and Analysis in Breast Cancer Subtypes: Xingen Wang, Julia Y. S. Tsang, Michelle A Lee, Yun-Bi Ni, Joanna H Tong, Siu-Ki Chan, Sai-Yin Cheung, Ka Fai To, Gary M Tse; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(2):706-717. Published online August 23, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.316

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Proline, glutamic acid, and leucine-rich protein 1 (PELP1), a novel nuclear receptor (NR) co-regulator, is highly expressed in breast cancer. We investigated its expression in breast cancer subtypes, in comparison with other breast markers as well as cancers from different sites. Its prognostic relevance with different subtypes and other NR expression was also examined in breast cancers.
Methods
Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on totally 1,944 cancers from six different organs.
Results
PELP1 expression rate was the highest in breast cancers (70.5%) among different cancers. Compared to GATA3, mammaglobin and gross cystic disease fluid protein 15, PELP1 was less sensitive than GATA3 for luminal cancers, but was the most sensitive for non-luminal cancers. PELP1 has low expression rate (<20%) in colorectal cancers, gastric cancers and renal cell carcinomas, but higher in lung cancers (49.1%) and ovarian cancers (42.3%). In breast cancer, PELP1 expression was an independent adverse prognostic factor for non-luminal cancers (disease-free survival [DFS]: hazard ratio [HR], 1.403; p=0.012 and breast cancer specific survival [BCSS]: HR, 1.443; p=0.015). Interestingly, its expression affected the prognostication of androgen receptor (AR). AR^posPELP1^lo luminal cancer showed the best DFS (log-rank=8.563, p=0.036) while AR^negPELP1^hi non-luminal cancers showed the worst DFS (log-rank=9.536, p=0.023).
Conclusion
PELP1 is a sensitive marker for breast cancer, particularly non-luminal cases. However, its considerable expression in lung and ovarian cancers may limit its utility in differential diagnosis in some scenarios. PELP1 expression was associated with poor outcome in non-luminal cancers and modified the prognostic effects of AR, suggesting the potential significance of NR co-regulator in prognostication.

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Trichorhinophalangeal Syndrome Type 1 Is a Highly Sensitive and Specific Marker for Diagnosing Triple-Negative Breast Carcinomas on Cytologic Samples
Terrance J. Lynn, Jianhui Shi, Haiyan Liu, Sara E. Monaco, Jeffrey W. Prichard, Fan Lin
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine.2024; 148(1): e1. CrossRef
Value of Proline, Glutamic Acid, and Leucine-Rich Protein 1 and GATA Binding Protein 3 Expression in Breast Cancer: An Immunohistochemical study
Manar Moustafa, Magdy Ismael, Salah Mohamed, Abeer M. Hafez
Indian Journal of Surgery.2023; 85(3): 608. CrossRef
MiR-195-5p is involved in testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury by directly targeting PELP1 and regulating spermatogonia pyroptosis
KAI-XIANG HE, LIZHE XU, JIN-ZHUO NING, FAN CHENG
International Immunopharmacology.2023; 121: 110427. CrossRef
Estrogen Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer
Paulina Miziak, Marzena Baran, Ewa Błaszczak, Alicja Przybyszewska-Podstawka, Joanna Kałafut, Jolanta Smok-Kalwat, Magdalena Dmoszyńska-Graniczka, Michał Kiełbus, Andrzej Stepulak
Cancers.2023; 15(19): 4689. CrossRef
Immunohistochemical study of proline, glutamic acid and leucine-rich protein 1 (PELP1) in correlation with guanine adenine thymine adenine family member 3 (GATA-3) receptors expression in breast carcinomas
Ahmed A Elmetwally, Mennat Allah M Abdel-Hafeez, Makram M Hammam, Gamal A Hafez, Maha M Atwa, Mohammed K El-Kherbetawy
Egyptian Journal of Pathology.2023; 43(1): 53. CrossRef
Diagnostic utility of PELP1 and GATA3 in primary and metastatic triple negative breast cancer
Manar Moustafa, Magdy Ismael, Salah Mohamed, Abeer Magdy
Revista de Senología y Patología Mamaria.2022; 35(3): 153. CrossRef
Immunohistochemical Markers for Distinguishing Metastatic Breast Carcinoma from Other Common Malignancies: Update and Revisit
Qingqing Ding, Lei Huo, Yan Peng, Esther C. Yoon, Zaibo Li, Aysegul A. Sahin
Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology.2022; 39(5): 313. CrossRef
PELP1 is overexpressed in lung cancer and promotes tumor cell malignancy and resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug
Xingen Wang, Weihua Yin, Li Liang
Pathology - Research and Practice.2022; 237: 154065. CrossRef
Overexpression of PELP1 in Lung Adenocarcinoma Promoted E2 Induced Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of the Tumor Cells and Predicted a Worse Outcome of the Patients
Dongmei Zhang, Jiali Dai, Yu Pan, Xiuli Wang, Juanjuan Qiao, Hironobu Sasano, Baoshan Zhao, Keely M. McNamara, Xue Guan, Lili Liu, Yanzhi Zhang, Monica S. M. Chan, Shuwen Cao, Ming Liu, Sihang Song, Lin Wang
Pathology and Oncology Research.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
PELP1 Suppression Inhibits Gastric Cancer Through Downregulation of c-Src-PI3K-ERK Pathway
Hongzhu Yan, Yanling Sun, Qian Wu, Zhe Wu, Meichun Hu, Yuanpeng Sun, Yusi Liu, Zi Ma, Shangqin Liu, Wuhan Xiao, Fuxing Liu, Zhifeng Ning
Frontiers in Oncology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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Prediction of Acquired Taxane Resistance Using a Personalized Pathway-Based Machine Learning Method: Young Rae Kim, Dongha Kim, Sung Young Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(2):672-684. Published online August 10, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.137

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study was conducted to develop and validate an individualized prediction model for automated detection of acquired taxane resistance (ATR).
Materials and Methods
Penalized regression, combinedwith an individualized pathway score algorithm,was applied to construct a predictive model using publically available genomic cohorts of ATR and intrinsic taxane resistance (ITR). To develop a model with enhanced generalizability, we merged multiple ATR studies then updated the learning parameter via robust cross-study validation.
Results
For internal cross-study validation, the ATR model produced a perfect performance with an overall area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 1.000 with an area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) of 1.000, a Brier score of 0.007, a sensitivity and a specificity of 100%. The model showed an excellent performance on two independent blind ATR cohorts (overall AUROC of 0.940, AUPRC of 0.940, a Brier score of 0.127). When we applied our algorithm to two large-scale pharmacogenomic resources for ITR, the Cancer Genome Project (CGP) and the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), an overall ITR cross-study AUROC was 0.70, which is a far better accuracy than an almost random level reported by previous studies. Furthermore, this model had a high transferability on blind ATR cohorts with an AUROC of 0.69, suggesting that general predictive features may be at work across both ITR and ATR.
Conclusion
We successfully constructed a multi-study–derived personalized prediction model for ATR with excellent accuracy, generalizability, and transferability.

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The impact and future of artificial intelligence in medical genetics and molecular medicine: an ongoing revolution
Firat Ozcelik, Mehmet Sait Dundar, A. Baki Yildirim, Gary Henehan, Oscar Vicente, José A. Sánchez-Alcázar, Nuriye Gokce, Duygu T. Yildirim, Nurdeniz Nalbant Bingol, Dijana Plaseska Karanfilska, Matteo Bertelli, Lejla Pojskic, Mehmet Ercan, Miklos Kellerma
Functional & Integrative Genomics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Network biology and artificial intelligence drive the understanding of the multidrug resistance phenotype in cancer
Beatriz Bueschbell, Ana Beatriz Caniceiro, Pedro M.S. Suzano, Miguel Machuqueiro, Nícia Rosário-Ferreira, Irina S. Moreira
Drug Resistance Updates.2022; 60: 100811. CrossRef
Multiparametric quantitative phase imaging for real-time, single cell, drug screening in breast cancer
Edward R. Polanco, Tarek E. Moustafa, Andrew Butterfield, Sandra D. Scherer, Emilio Cortes-Sanchez, Tyler Bodily, Benjamin T. Spike, Bryan E. Welm, Philip S. Bernard, Thomas A. Zangle
Communications Biology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Machine Learning: An Overview and Applications in Pharmacogenetics
Giovanna Cilluffo, Salvatore Fasola, Giuliana Ferrante, Velia Malizia, Laura Montalbano, Stefania La Grutta
Genes.2021; 12(10): 1511. CrossRef
Computational approaches in cancer multidrug resistance research: Identification of potential biomarkers, drug targets and drug-target interactions
A. Tolios, J. De Las Rivas, E. Hovig, P. Trouillas, A. Scorilas, T. Mohr
Drug Resistance Updates.2020; 48: 100662. CrossRef
FLOating-Window Projective Separator (FloWPS): A Data Trimming Tool for Support Vector Machines (SVM) to Improve Robustness of the Classifier
Victor Tkachev, Maxim Sorokin, Artem Mescheryakov, Alexander Simonov, Andrew Garazha, Anton Buzdin, Ilya Muchnik, Nicolas Borisov
Frontiers in Genetics.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
New Paradigm of Machine Learning (ML) in Personalized Oncology: Data Trimming for Squeezing More Biomarkers From Clinical Datasets
Nicolas Borisov, Anton Buzdin
Frontiers in Oncology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

9,043 View
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Plasma Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and CCL3 as Potential Biomarkers for Distinguishing Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma from High-Risk Individuals Who Have Positive Epstein-Barr Virus Capsid Antigen-Specific IgA: Ning Xue, Jian-Hua Lin, Shan Xing, Dan Liu, Shi-Bing Li, Yan-Zhen Lai, Xue-Ping Wang, Min-Jie Mao, Qian Zhong, Mu-Sheng Zeng, Wan-Li Liu; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(1):378-390. Published online May 29, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.070

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify novel plasma biomarkers for distinguishing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients from healthy individuals who have positive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viral capsid antigen (VCA-IgA).
Materials and Methods
One hundred seventy-four plasma cytokines were analyzed by a Cytokine Array in eight healthy individuals with positive EBV VCA-IgA and eight patients with NPC. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect the expression levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3) in NPC cell lines and tumor tissues. Plasma MIF and CCL3 were measured by ELISA in 138 NPC patients, 127 EBV VCA-IgA negative (VN) and 100 EBV VCA-IgA positive healthy donors (VP). Plasma EBV VCA-IgA was determined by immunoenzymatic techniques.
Results
Thirty-four of the 174 cytokines varied significantly between the VP and NPC group. Plasma MIF and CCL3 were significantly elevated in NPC patients compared with VN and VP. Combination of MIF and CCL3 could be used for the differential diagnosis of NPC from VN cohort (area under the curve [AUC], 0.913; sensitivity, 90.00%; specificity, 80.30%), and combination of MIF, CCL3, and VCA-IgA could be used for the differential diagnosis of NPC from VP cohort (AUC, 0.920; sensitivity, 90.00%; specificity, 84.00%), from (VN+VP) cohort (AUC, 0.961; sensitivity, 90.00%; specificity, 92.00%). Overexpressions of MIF and CCL3 were observed in NPC plasma, NPC cell lines and NPC tissues.
Conclusion
Plasma MIF, CCL3, and VCA-IgA combination significantly improves the diagnostic specificity of NPC in high-risk individuals.

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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma-associated inflammatory cytokines: ongoing biomarkers
Chuwen Liang, Jun Kan, Jingli Wang, Wei Lu, Xiaoyan Mo, Bei Zhang
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Dongyu Chuo, Dapeng Lin, Mingdi Yin, Yuze Chen
Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine.2021; Volume 14: 55. CrossRef
microRNA-451 (miR-451) Regulates the Apoptosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Targeting Macrophage Migration Promoting Factors
Caihong Wei, Dan Guo, Huayun Pu
Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering.2021; 11(7): 1388. CrossRef

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Factors Associated with Prolonged Patient-Attributable Delay in the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer: Irene Zarcos-Pedrinaci, Teresa Téllez, Francisco Rivas-Ruiz, María del Carmen Padilla-Ruiz, Julia Alcaide, Antonio Rueda, María Luisa Baré, María Manuela Morales Suárez-Varela, Eduardo Briones, Cristina Sarasqueta, Nerea Fernández-Larrea, Antonio Escobar, José María Quintana, Maximino Redondo, REDISSEC-CARESS/CCR group; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(4):1270-1280. Published online January 2, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.371

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The delayed diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) may be attributable to sociodemographic characteristics, to aspects of tumour histopathology or to the functioning of the health system. We seek to determine which of these factors most influences prolonged patient-attributable delay (PPAD) in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
Materials and Methods
A prospective, multicentre observational study was conducted in 22 Spanish hospitals. In total, 1,785 patients were recruited to the study between 2010 and 2012 and underwent elective or urgent surgery. PPAD is considered to occur when the time elapsed between a patient presenting the symptom and him/her seeking attention from the primary care physician or hospital emergency department exceeds 180 days. A bivariate analysis was performed to assess differences in variables segmented by tumour location and patient delay. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the outcome variable, PPAD.
Results
The rate of PPAD among this population was 12.1%. PPAD was significantly associated with altered bowel rhythm (odds ratio [OR], 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 1.83) and with adenocarcinoma histology, in comparison with mucinous adenocarcinoma (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.11 to 3.71). Other sociocultural factors and clinicopathological features were not independent predictors of PPAD.
Conclusion
Many patients do not consider altered bowel rhythm an alarming symptom, warranting a visit to the doctor. PPAD could be reduced by improving health education, raising awareness of CRC-related symptoms.

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Anna Pujadas Botey, Ashley J. Watson, Paula J. Robson
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Anna Pujadas Botey, Cassandra Carrier, Eddy Lang, Paula J. Robson
Current Oncology.2024; 32(1): 5. CrossRef
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Malin Ljunggren, Caroline E. Weibull, Gabriella Palmer, Emerik Osterlund, Bengt Glimelius, Anna Martling, Caroline Nordenvall
International Journal of Cancer.2023; 152(3): 363. CrossRef
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International Journal of Nursing Studies.2023; 140: 104466. CrossRef
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Mohamedraed Elshami, Mohammed Ayyad, Fatma Khader Hamdan, Mohammed Alser, Ibrahim Al-Slaibi, Shoruq Ahmed Naji, Balqees Mustafa Mohamad, Wejdan Sudki Isleem, Adela Shurrab, Bashar Yaghi, Yahya Ayyash Qabaja, Mohammad Fuad Dwikat, Raneen Raed Sweity, Remah
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Influence of Diagnostic Delay on Survival Rates for Patients with Colorectal Cancer
María Padilla-Ruiz, María Morales-Suárez-Varela, Francisco Rivas-Ruiz, Julia Alcaide, Esperanza Varela-Moreno, Irene Zarcos-Pedrinaci, Teresa Téllez, Nerea Fernández-de Larrea-Baz, Marisa Baré, Amaia Bilbao, Cristina Sarasqueta, Urko Aguirre-Larracoechea,
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(6): 3626. CrossRef
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Ying Jin, Mei-Chun Zheng, Xia Yang, Ting-Lan Chen, Jun-E Zhang
European Journal of Oncology Nursing.2022; 60: 102174. CrossRef
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Mulugeta Wassie, Debrework Tesgera Beshah, Yenework Mulu Tiruneh, Negar Rezaei
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Suppression of LETM1 inhibits the proliferation and stemness of colorectal cancer cells through reactive oxygen species–induced autophagy
Nan Che, Zhaoting Yang, Xingzhe Liu, Mengxuan Li, Ying Feng, Chengye Zhang, Chao Li, Yan Cui, Yanhua Xuan
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Fatima Saad, Mariam Ayyash, Marwa Ayyash, Nadine Elhage, Iman Ali, Mona Makki, Hiam Hamade, R. Alexander Blackwood
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Targeting Receptor Kinases in Colorectal Cancer
Marilina García-Aranda, Maximino Redondo
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Metachronous Double Primary Cancer after Treatment of Breast Cancer: Jin Young Kim, Hong Suk Song; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(1):64-71. Published online October 27, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.215

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The pattern of double primary cancer after treatment for breast cancer is important for patient survival.
Materials and Methods
We analyzed 108 cases of metachronous double primary cancer in breast cancer patients treated from 1999 to 2012.
Results
Metachronous double primary cancers occurred in 108 of 2,657 patients (4.1%) with breast cancer. The median time to the occurrence of second cancer after diagnosis of the first was 58.4±41.2 months (range, 6.9 to 180.2 months). The most common cancer was thyroid cancer, which occurred in 45 patients (41.7%). This was followed by gastric cancer in 16 patients (14.8%), endometrial cancer in 10 patients (9.3%), and cervical cancer in seven patients (6.5%). The relative risk showed a significant increase in endometrial (4.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.66 to 13.79), gastric (2.61; 95% CI, 1.68 to 4.06), and thyroid cancer (1.95; 95% CI, 1.37 to 2.79). At 5 years after diagnosis of breast cancer, secondary cancer occurred in 48 patients (44.4%), with 50.0% of the endometrial, 56.3% of the stomach, and 37.8% of the thyroid cancer cases being diagnosed after 5 years. Median survival after diagnosis of the second cancer was 123.9±11.2 months. The prognosis was mainly influenced by the anatomic site.
Conclusion
The incidence of endometrial, stomach, and thyroid cancer increased significantly after treatment with primary breast cancer, and survival was dependent on early detection and the type of second primary cancer. A prolonged follow-up examination for metachronous double primary cancer is needed to provide early detection and improve survival time in patients with breast cancer.

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Deciphering the Patterns of Dual Primary Cases Registered at the Hospital-Based Cancer Registry: First Experience from Rural Cancer Center in North India
Sankalp Sancheti, Alok Kumar Goel, Anshul Singla, Kuldeep Singh Chauhan, Kiran Arora, Debashish Chaudhary, Tapas Dora, Shweta Tahlan, Prithviraj Kadam, Prachi Joshi, Akash Sali, Rahatdeep Singh Brar, Atul Budukh, Ashish Gulia, Jigeeshu Vasishtha Divatia,
Journal of Laboratory Physicians.2023; 15(04): 524. CrossRef
Multiple synchronous primary malignant neoplasms: A case report and literature review
Linlin Hao, Lihui Zhang, Chuanjie Xu, Min Jiang, Geyi Zhu, Jie Guo
Oncology Letters.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Young Ju Jin, Mi Jung Kwon, Ji Hee Kim, Joo-Hee Kim, Hyo Geun Choi
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Simultaneous gastric cancer and breast cancer metastases to the stomach with lymph node collision tumor: a case report
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The Pattern of Second Primary Tumours in Postmenopausal Women with Prior Breast Cancer in Western Romania: A Retrospective, Single-Institution Study
Cristina Marinela Oprean, Larisa Maria Badau, Robert-Alexandru Han, Teodora Hoinoiu, Gabriel-Mugur Dragomir, Daciana Grujic, Tiberiu Dragomir, Alis Dema
Diagnostics.2021; 11(11): 1957. CrossRef
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Jung Ho Park, Sanghwa Kim, Lee Su Kim
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Won Kyung Cho, Doo Ho Choi, Won Park, Haeyoung Kim, Seonwoo Kim, Myung-Hee Shin, Hyejung Cha
Journal of Breast Cancer.2019; 22(3): 464. CrossRef
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Bong Kyun Kim, Se Jeong Oh, Jeong-Yoon Song, Han-Byoel Lee, Min Ho Park, Yongsik Jung, Woo-Chan Park, Jina Lee, Woo Young Sun
Journal of Breast Cancer.2018; 21(1): 62. CrossRef
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Fumi Saito, Hideaki Shimada, Hideaki Ogata, Takafumi Otsuka, Tetsuo Nemoto, Kazutoshi Shibuya, Hironori Kaneko
Esophagus.2017; 14(4): 366. CrossRef
Metachronous double primary cancer of epithelial and mesenchymal origins
Hongzeng Wu, Ze Li, Helin Feng, Jinming Zhang
Medicine.2017; 96(49): e9036. CrossRef
Development of second primary cancer in Korean breast cancer survivors
Hong Kyu Jung, Suyeon Park, Nam Won Kim, Jong Eun Lee, Zisun Kim, Sun Wook Han, Sung Mo Hur, Sung Young Kim, Cheol Wan Lim, Min Hyuk Lee, Jihyoun Lee
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2017; 93(6): 287. CrossRef
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Alexia Vogt, Sabine Schmid, Karl Heinimann, Harald Frick, Christian Herrmann, Thomas Cerny, Aurelius Omlin
ESMO Open.2017; 2(2): e000172. CrossRef
Characteristics and survival of patients with metachronous or synchronous double primary malignancies: breast and thyroid cancer
Li Zhang, Yansheng Wu, Fangfang Liu, Li Fu, Zhongsheng Tong
Oncotarget.2016; 7(32): 52450. CrossRef
Radiotherapy did not increase thyroid cancer risk among women with breast cancer: A nationwide population‐based cohort study
Li‐Min Sun, Cheng‐Li Lin, Ji‐An Liang, Wen‐Sheng Huang, Chia‐Hung Kao
International Journal of Cancer.2015; 137(12): 2896. CrossRef
A Possible Association Between Thyroid Cancer and Breast Cancer
Jee Hyun An, Yul Hwangbo, Hwa Young Ahn, Bhumsuk Keam, Kyu Eun Lee, Wonshik Han, Do Joon Park, In Ae Park, Dong-Young Noh, Yeo-Kyu Youn, Bo Youn Cho, Seock-Ah Im, Young Joo Park
Thyroid.2015; 25(12): 1330. CrossRef

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CCL2 Chemokine as a Potential Biomarker for Prostate Cancer: A Pilot Study: Igor Tsaur, Anika Noack, Jasmina Makarevic, Elsie Oppermann, Ana Maria Waaga-Gasser, Martin Gasser, Hendrik Borgmann, Tanja Huesch, Kilian M. Gust, Michael Reiter, David Schilling, Georg Bartsch, Axel Haferkamp, Roman A. Blaheta; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(2):306-312. Published online October 13, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.015

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Prostate specific antigen is not reliable in diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa), making the identification of novel, precise diagnostic biomarkers important. Since chemokines are associated with more aggressive disease and poor prognosis in diverse malignancies, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic relevance of chemokines in PCa. Materials and Methods Preoperative and early postoperative serum samples were obtained from 39 consecutive PCa patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Serum from 15 healthy volunteers served as controls. Concentrations of CXCL12, CXCL13, CX3CL1, CCL2, CCL5, and CCL20 were measured in serum by Luminex. The expression activity of CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, CXCR7, CXCL12, CXCL13, CX3CR1, CXCL1, CCR2, CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CCL2, and CCL5 mRNA was assessed in tumor and adjacent normal tissue of prostatectomy specimens by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The associations of these chemokines with clinical and histological parameters were tested. Results The gene expression activity of CCL2 and CCR6 was significantly higher in tumor tissue compared to adjacent normal tissue. CCL2 was also significantly higher in the blood samples of PCa patients, compared to controls. CCL5, CCL20, and CX3CL1 were lower in patient serum, compared to controls. CCR2 tissue mRNA was negatively correlated with the Gleason score and grading. Conclusion Chemokines are significantly modified during tumorigenesis of PCa, and CCL2 is a promising diagnostic biomarker.

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Metachronous Double Primary Cancer after Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer: Jin Young Kim, Won Young Jang, Mi Hwa Heo, Kang Kuk Lee, Young Rok Do, Keon Uk Park, Hong Suk Song, Yoon Nyun Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2012;44(3):173-178. Published online September 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2012.44.3.173

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PURPOSE
The pattern of double primary cancers after treatment for gastric cancer is important for a patient's survival.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We analyzed the clinicopathologic data of 214 gastric cancer patients from October 1996 to November 2007 with regard to metachronous second primary cancers.
RESULTS
Out of 5,778 patients with gastric cancer, metachronous second primary cancers occurred in 214 patients. The median age was 61.8 years, the number of male and female patients was 140 (65.4%), 74 (34.6%), respectively. The median time to the occurrence of second cancers after diagnosis of the first was 39.2 months (standard deviation, 31.2 months). The most common cancer was colorectal cancer, which occurred in 44 patients (20.6%), and lung cancer in 33 patients (15.4%), hepatocellular carcinoma in 26 patients (12.1%), ovarian cancer in 15 patients (7.0%), cervical cancer in 12 patients (7.0%), breast cancer in 11 patients (5.1%), and esophageal cancer in 11 patients (5.1%). The observed/expected (O/E) ratio showed a significant increase in colorectal (1.25), male biliary (1.60), ovarian (8.72), and cervical cancer (3.33) with primary gastric cancer. After five years from diagnosis of gastric cancer, secondary cancer occurred in 50 patients (23.4%), and breast cancer, prostate cancer, laryngeal cancer, lung cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma were the most frequent.
CONCLUSION
The O/E ratio showed a significant increase in colorectal, male biliary, ovarian, and cervical cancer with primary gastric cancer, and second primary cancer as the main cause of death for these patients. A follow-up examination for metachronous double primary cancer is needed in order to improve the survival time in patients with gastric cancer.

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Jong Sung, Ae Ahn, Ho Park, Kyu Jang, Woo Moon, Ju-Hyung Lee, Kyoung Kim, Myoung Chung
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Yi-Jia Lin, Hua-Xian Chen, Feng-Xiang Zhang, Xian-Sheng Hu, Hai-Juan Huang, Jian-Hua Lu, Ye-Zi Cheng, Jun-Sheng Peng, Lei Lian
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Jeong Ho Song, Yeonkyoung Lee, Jaesung Heo, Sang-Yong Son, Hoon Hur, Sang-Uk Han
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Ji-Hyun Seo, Hyun-Jin Kim, Jung Je Park, Ok-Jae Lee, Jin Pyeong Kim, Seong-Ki Ahn, Jeong Seok Hwa, Jong Sil Lee, Hee-Shang Youn
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Review Article

Clinical Practice Guideline for Accurate Diagnosis and Effective Treatment of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor in Korea: Yoon-Koo Kang, Hye Jin Kang, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Taesung Sohn, Dongil Choi, Min-Hee Ryu, Woo Ho Kim, Han-Kwang Yang; Cancer Res Treat. 2012;44(2):85-96. Published online June 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2012.44.2.85

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Despite their rarity in incidence and prevalence, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have emerged as a distinct and noteworthy pathogenetic entity. The clinical management of GISTs has rapidly evolved due to the recent elucidation of their oncogenic signal transduction pathway and the introduction of molecular-targeted therapies. Successful management of GISTs requires a multidisciplinary approach firmly based on an accurate histopathologic diagnosis. In 2007, the Korean GIST study group published the first guideline for optimal diagnosis and treatment of GISTs in Korea. The second version of the guideline was published in 2010. Herein, we provide the results of relevant clinical studies for the purpose of further revision to the guideline. We expect this new guideline will enhance the accuracy of diagnosis, as performed by members of the Korean associate of physicians involved in GIST patient care, thus improving the efficacy of treatment.

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Impact of imatinib rechallenge on health-related quality of life in patients with TKI-refractory gastrointestinal stromal tumours: Sub-analysis of the placebo-controlled, randomised phase III trial (RIGHT)
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Original Articles

Correlation of Ultrasonographic Findings and Pathologic Prognostic Predictions in Breast Cancer: Hyung Il Seo, Hi Sook Kwak, Hong Jae Jo, Tae Yong Jeon, Young Tae Bae, Mun Sup Sim; Cancer Res Treat. 2001;33(4):296-301. Published online August 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2001.33.4.296

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Increased technologic capabilities have allowed for the expanded use of ultrasound beyond simple differentiation of a lesion as solid versus cystic nature, allowing us to classify lesions into various categories based on a number of descriptive features. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether to predict the preoperative prognosis of breast cancer through the correlation between ultrasonographic images and the grade of malignancy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The patient population for this study consisted of 107 patients with infiltrative ductal carcinoma who were evaluated using ultrasound technology. Ultrasonographic findings were divided as follows: Type I, round or oval shape and regular border; Type II, partially round or oval shape and partially irregular border; and Type III, irregular shape and irregular border.
RESULTS
1. The frequency of grade 1 (G1) was significantly higher in the Type I group than the othergroups. 2. In the 2.0 cm sized mass, the lymph node metastasis rate was significantly lower in the Type I group than the other groups. 3. In all the groups, Estrogen receptor (ER) positivity was insignificant regardless of tumor size and type. 4. In the 2.0 cm sized mass, c-erbB-2 positivity was significantly lower in the Type I than the other groups. There was no clear difference among the three groups in tumors greater than 2.0 cm in size.
CONCLUSION
These results show that our classification of ultrasonographic images reflect the grade of malignancy in terms of clinicopathological features in breast cancers less than 2.0 cm in size. Therefore, ultrasonographic findings may help predict the preoperative prognosis in T1 size breast cancer, although further study is required.

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The Role of Transbronchial Needle Aspiration for Diagnosis of Bronchogenic Carcinoma: Kwan Young Kim, Jae Yong Park, Seung Ick Cha, Ki Su Park, Tae Kyong Kang, Chang Ho Kim, Tae Hoon Jung; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(1):93-99.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) has been used for the diagnosis and staging of bronchogenic carcinoma through the flexible bronchoscope. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic role of TBNA for bronchogenic carcinoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
TBNA was performed in 34 patients with suspected bron- chogenic carcinoma. We analyzed diagnostic rate of TBNA m 28 patients who were ulti- mately diagnosed as bronchogenic carcinoma.
RESULTS
In 12 of 28 patients, TBNA was performed for endobronchial lesions with a type of infiltration, nodular infiltration or compression. The diagnostic rate was 75%. Addition of TBNA to bronchial washing, brush, and biopsy increased the diagnostic rate from 58% to 80%. In 16 patients with peripheral tumor and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, TBNA was performed for mediastinal lymph nodes. The diagnostic rate was 62.5%, and was positively correlated with the size of lymph nodes. There was no significant complications related to TBNA.
CONCLUSION
TBNA was a safe and effective procedure for the diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma in selected patients.

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Clinical Study of Stage I Renal Cell Carcinoma: Heeyoul Kim, Won Hee Woo, Duk Kyo Kim, Sei Kyung Rho, Sun Ju Lee, Sung Goo Chang; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(6):1100-1105.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was attemped to investigate the prognostic factors for the outcome of stage I renal cell carcinoma after radical nephrectomy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty nine patients treated from 1984 to 1995 at Kyung Hee University Medical Center were studied retrospectively. All of them were diagnosed with pathologic Robson stage I renal cell carcinoma after radical nephrectomy.
RESULTS
Males were affected three times more frequently than females. The tumor was detected on the right kidney in 15 cases, and on the left in 14. Average follow up period was 36.6 months, average disease free interval was 29.4 months and median survival was 30 months. During the follow up, 9 patients (31.0%) expired due to liver and lung metastasis at postoperate 21.6 months on average. Eleven patients (37.9%) developed distant metastasis in the follow up. There was no local recurrence of tumor. Seventeen patients were diagnosed incidentally without clinical symptoms. In our retrospective study for stage I renal cell carcinoma, there were no predictive prognostic parameters for predicting the outcome of patients, except for the incidental diagnosis of the tumor.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that incidental diagnosis of the tumor may be the most important prognostic factor for the outcome of stage I renal cell carcinoma. Although the patients were confirmed as stage I renal cell carcinoma pathologically after radical nephrectomy, close follow up is very important, because of high incidence of metastasis. We recommand that chest X-ray, abdominal ultrasonogram and bone scan should be checked at 3 months interval for postoperative one year even though stage I renal cell carcinoma.

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Current Concepts of Diagnosis and Management of Insulinoma: Chang Yong Sohn, You Sah Kim, In Kyu Lee, Seok Kil Zeon; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1994;26(6):997-1005.

Abstract PDF: Insulinoma is a functional endocrine tumor arising from beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. The tumor is usually a benign, single adenoma and of small size (1~2 cm), and is evenly distributed throughout the pancreas. The symptoms and signs are triggered by hypoglycemia. Mechanisms for the production of symptoms are related to the neuroglycopenia causing cerebral dysfunction and the hypoglycemic stimulation of catechola- mine release. Complex symptoms originating from these mechanisms frequently lead to misdiagnosis as a neurologic or psychiatric disorder and delay proper treatment. Once suspicion of an insulinoma is made, the diagnosis is not complicated. Supervised fast until symptoms develop or for 72 hours bring the blood sugar level down below 50 mg/dl with inappropriately high endogenous insulin leveL C-peptide and proinsulin fraction measured at the termination of the fast confirm the diagnosis. Preoperative localization of a small insulinoma by ultrasono#graphy, arteriograh or computed tomography is not always successfuL Selective portal venous sampling for insulin has been found to be the most accurate method of localization. Careful exploration of the entire pancreas is very important at laparotomy and intraoperative ultrasonoaraphy is essential especially in identifying tumors in the head of the pancreas and in defining the relationship of the tumor to the pancreatic duct. We report our experience of three patients with insulinoma d uring the last five year period: one male 23 years old and two females, 38 and 40 years old. Preoperative localization failed in the first patient but in two patients, preoperative percutaneous transhepatic portal venous sampling for insulin helped to 1ocalize the tumor. A relatively well-demarcated mass lesion was found in each patient, and all three patients were treated with successful outcome. The sizes of the tumors were 1.5 x 1.0 x 1.0 cm, 2.7 x 2.2 x 1.4 cm, L.5 x 1.0 x 1.0 cm respectively.

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An Early Diagnosis of Cancer by the Detection of Parameter Changes in Dynamical Systems: Kwon Soon Lee; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1996;28(3):589-597.

Abstract PDF: The researcher proposed a mathematical model of the interaction between tumor cells and the immune system to obtain a better understanding of body immune processes. It provides the systematical analysis of cancer and immune system using system and control theory in engineering. An early detection of cancer is very important for the complete cure of cancer. Therefore, it is considered a diagnosis of cancer via the detection of an abrupt change from the healthy state to the cancerous state. The statistical testing is proposed to implement a parameter change algorithm. The detection algorithm studied in this research is based on sequential hypotheses testing in a so-called local asymptotic framework. Here a simple numerical example is provided to highlight some of the concepts and to provide a basis for further investigation. Despite its simplicity this research may have practical application in clinical oncology.

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