Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Gastrointestinal cancer

Association of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines with Gastric Cancer Risk: A Case-Cohort Study: Seungju Baek, Eunjung Park, Eun Young Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(3):760-769. Published online November 19, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.718

Purpose
This study aimed to assess the association between inflammatory cytokines and the risk of gastric cancer (GC).
Materials and Methods
We conducted a case-cohort study using Korean National Cancer Center Community (KNCCC) cohort data to investigate the associations between pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators, and GC risk in the Korean general population (GC cases: n=159, subcohort: n=822). Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured using Quantikine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model.
Results
Compared to those with the lowest serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels, the risk of GC significantly increased in the second (hazard ratio [HR], 3.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.73 to 6.99), third (HR, 3.74; 95% CI, 1.91 to 7.29), and fourth quartiles (HR, 3.79; 95% CI, 1.93 to 7.48). Elevated levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) (HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.21) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (HR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.73 to 3.58) were also associated with an increased risk of GC.
Conclusion
The findings of this study indicate associations between pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ) and the risk of GC, suggesting that regulating these cytokine levels may aid in GC prevention.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress Markers in Relation to Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Case–Cohort Study in a Korean Population
Eunjung Park, Seungju Baek, Jin-Kyoung Oh, Min Kyung Lim, Eun Young Park
Cancers.2026; 18(3): 470. CrossRef
Beyond monotherapy: The evolving role of CTLA-4 in combination immunotherapy for gastrointestinal cancers
Fuyuan Ma, Jingyuan Ma, Yaofan Lu, Jingxuan Xu, Jiale Mao, Ziyue Yin, Zikun Ni, Xueqin Zhao, Biao Huang, Yuan Qin
The American Journal of the Medical Sciences.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Serum pro-inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma
Le Ren, Jun Liu, Ya-Yun Xu, Zhen-Wang Shi
World Journal of Clinical Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Inflammation and detection: Rethinking the biomarker landscape in gastric cancer
Keykavous Parang, Koosha Paydary
World Journal of Clinical Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

4,824 View
119 Download
2 Web of Science
4 Crossref

Association between Body Mass Index and Gastric Cancer Risk According to Effect Modification by Helicobacter pylori Infection: Jieun Jang, Eun-Jung Cho, Yunji Hwang, Elisabete Weiderpass, Choonghyun Ahn, Jeoungbin Choi, Soung-Hoon Chang, Hai-Rim Shin, Min Kyung Lim, Keun-Young Yoo, Sue K. Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1107-1116. Published online November 21, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.182

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Few studies investigated roles of body mass index (BMI) on gastric cancer (GC) risk according to Helicobacter pylori infection status. This study was conducted to evaluate associations between BMI and GC risk with consideration of H. pylori infection information.
Materials and Methods
We performed a case-cohort study (n=2,458) that consists of a subcohort, (n=2,193 including 67 GC incident cases) randomly selected from the Korean Multicenter Cancer Cohort (KMCC) and 265 incident GC cases outside of the subcohort. H. pylori infection was assessed using an immunoblot assay. GC risk according to BMI was evaluated by calculating hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using weighted Cox hazard regression model.
Results
Increased GC risk in lower BMI group (< 23 kg/m²) with marginal significance, (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.98 to 1.77) compared to the reference group (BMI of 23-24.9 kg/m²) was observed. In the H. pylori non-infection, both lower (< 23 kg/m²) and higher BMI (≥ 25 kg/m²) showed non-significantly increased GC risk (HR, 10.82; 95% CI, 1.25 to 93.60 and HR, 11.33; 95% CI, 1.13 to 113.66, respectively). However, these U-shaped associations between BMI and GC risk were not observed in the group who had ever been infected by H. pylori.
Conclusion
This study suggests the U-shaped associations between BMI and GC risk, especially in subjects who had never been infected by H. pylori.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Influence of Metabolic Syndrome on the Development of Gastrointestinal Malignant Tumors—A Review
Vesna Brzački, Andrija Rančić, Snežana Tešić Rajković, Ivan Nagorni, Marko Stamenković, Elena Stanković, Nikola Milutinović, Aleksandar Vukadinović
Medicina.2025; 61(6): 1025. CrossRef
Ethnic-specific associations between body mass index and gastric cancer: a Mendelian randomization study in European and Korean populations
Sangjun Lee, Sue K. Park
Gastric Cancer.2024; 27(1): 19. CrossRef
Cross-phenotype association analysis of gastric cancer: in-silico functional annotation based on the disease–gene network
Sangjun Lee, Han-Kwang Yang, Hyuk-Joon Lee, Do Joong Park, Seong-Ho Kong, Sue K. Park
Gastric Cancer.2023; 26(4): 517. CrossRef
Association between metabolic syndrome and gastric cancer risk: results from the Health Examinees Study
Dan Huang, Woo-Kyoung Shin, Katherine De la Torre, Hwi-Won Lee, Sukhong Min, Aesun Shin, Jong-Koo Lee, Daehee Kang
Gastric Cancer.2023; 26(4): 481. CrossRef
Cancer Progress and Priorities: Gastric Cancer
Priya Alagesan, Jessica C. Goodwin, Katherine S. Garman, Meira Epplein
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.2023; 32(4): 473. CrossRef
Obesity at early adulthood increases risk of gastric cancer from the Health Examinees-Gem (HEXA-G) study
Hwi-Won Lee, Dan Huang, Woo-Kyoung Shin, Katherine de la Torre, Jae Jeong Yang, Minkyo Song, Aesun Shin, Jong-koo Lee, Daehee Kang, Shengxu Li
PLOS ONE.2022; 17(2): e0260826. CrossRef
Association between Body Mass Index and Risk of Gastric Cancer by Anatomic and Histologic Subtypes in Over 500,000 East and Southeast Asian Cohort Participants
Jieun Jang, Sangjun Lee, Kwang-Pil Ko, Sarah K. Abe, Md. Shafiur Rahman, Eiko Saito, Md. Rashedul Islam, Norie Sawada, Xiao-Ou Shu, Woon-Puay Koh, Atsuko Sadakane, Ichiro Tsuji, Jeongseon Kim, Isao Oze, Chisato Nagata, Shoichiro Tsugane, Hui Cai, Jian-Min
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.2022; 31(9): 1727. CrossRef
Impact of a Fermented High-Fiber Rye Diet on Helicobacter pylori and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors: A Randomized Controlled Trial Among Helicobacter pylori-Positive Chinese Adults
Kun Xue, Yuwei Liu, Kia Nøhr Iversen, Mohsen Mazidi, Zheng Qu, Chenglin Dong, Tayi Jin, Göran Hallmans, Per Åman, Anders Johansson, Gengsheng He, Rikard Landberg
Frontiers in Nutrition.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Current therapeutic options for gastric adenocarcinoma
C.R. Akshatha, Smitha Bhat, R. Sindhu, Dharini Shashank, Sarana Rose Sommano, Wanaporn Tapingkae, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Shashanka K. Prasad
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences.2021; 28(9): 5371. CrossRef
The U‐shaped association between body mass index and gastric cancer risk in the Helicobacter pylori Biomarker Cohort Consortium: A nested case–control study from eight East Asian cohort studies
Jieun Jang, Tianyi Wang, Hui Cai, Fei Ye, Gwen Murphy, Taichi Shimazu, Philip R Taylor, You‐Lin Qiao, Keun‐Young Yoo, Sun Ha Jee, Jeongseon Kim, Sheau‐Chiann Chen, Christian C Abnet, Shoichiro Tsugane, Wei Zheng, Xiao‐Ou Shu, Michael Pawlita, Sue K. Park,
International Journal of Cancer.2020; 147(3): 777. CrossRef

17,467 View
302 Download
10 Web of Science
10 Crossref

First
Prev
Page of 1
Next
Last

Search