Cancer Research and Treatment

Case Report

Two Cases of Humoral Hypercalcemia of Malignancy in Metastatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Seungtaek Lim, Jungwoo Han, Kyeong Hye Park, Won Jai Jung, Yong Kang Lee, Ara Choi, Young Jae Kim, Jong-Chan Lee, Hye Jin Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2013;45(2):145-149. Published online June 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.45.2.145

Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) is rarely associated with cholangiocarcinoma (CC), and represents dismal prognosis. A 63-year-old male was admitted for evaluation of an intrahepatic mass. He was diagnosed with HHM associated with locally advanced CC. As the tumor responded to the concurrent chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine and cisplatin, serum calcium level was normalized. However, according to the disease progression, he suffered recurrence of HHM and he expired approximately one year after initial diagnosis. A 68-year-old male who presented with abdominal pain was diagnosed with metastatic CC. After the eighth cycle of gemcitabine and cisplatin, progression of the disease was found with HHM. He was treated with the best supportive care, until his demise approximately one month after the diagnosis of HHM. We report on two cases of HHM associated with CC that demonstrate strong correlation between hypercalcemia and disease burden.

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Original Article

Time-course Transcriptional Profiling of Human Amniotic Fluid-derived Stem Cells Using Microarray: Yong Wook Kim, Hyun-Jung Kim, Su-Mi Bae, Young Jae Kim, Jong-Chul Shin, Heung-Jae Chun, Jong-Won Rhie, Jiyoung Kim, Haekwon Kim, Woong Shick Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2010;42(2):82-94. Published online June 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2010.42.2.82

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

To maintain the homeostasis of stem cells and prevent their ability to initiate tumorigenesis, it is important to identify and modify factors that prevent or accelerate stem cell senescence. We used microarrays to attempt to identify such factors in human amniotic fluid (HAF)-derived stem cells.

Materials and Methods

To identify gene expression changes over a time course, we compared gene expression profiles of HAF-derived stem cells in different passages (1^st, 2^nd, 4^th, 6^th, 8^th, and 10^th) using a Sentrix Human illumina microarray.

Results

Of the 25,804 genes in the microarray chip, 1,970 showed an over 2-fold change relative to the control (the 1^st passage)-either upregulated or downregulated. Quantitative real-time PCR validated the microarray data for selected genes: markedly increased genes were CXCL12, cadherin 6 (CDH6), and folate receptor 3 (FOLR3). Downregulated genes included cyclin D2, keratin 8, insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), natriuretic peptide precursor B (NPPB) and cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2). The expression pattern of the selected genes was consistent with the microarray data except for CXCL12 and IGF2. Interestingly, the expression of NPPB was dramatically downregulated along the time course; it was almost completely shut-down by the 10^th passage. In contrast, FOLR3 mRNA expression was dramatically increased.

Conclusion

Taken together, although a function for NPPB and FOLR3 in stem cell senescence has not been reported, our results strongly suggest that NPPB and/or FOLR3 play a significant role in the regulation of stem cell senescence.

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