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18 "Yong Bae Kim"
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Original Articles
Breast cancer
Locoregional Recurrence in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Breast: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study (KROG 22-14)
Sang Min Lee, Bum-Sup Jang, Won Park, Yong Bae Kim, Jin Ho Song, Jin Hee Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, In Ah Kim, Jong Hoon Lee, Sung-Ja Ahn, Kyubo Kim, Ah Ram Chang, Jeanny Kwon, Hae Jin Park, Kyung Hwan Shin
Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(1):150-158.   Published online July 12, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.201
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the treatment approaches and locoregional patterns for adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) in the breast, which is an uncommon malignant tumor with limited clinical data.
Materials and Methods
A total of 93 patients diagnosed with primary ACC in the breast between 1992 and 2022 were collected from multi-institutions. All patients underwent surgical resection, including breast-conserving surgery (BCS) or total mastectomy (TM). Recurrence patterns and locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) were assessed.
Results
Seventy-five patients (80.7%) underwent BCS, and 71 of them (94.7%) received post-operative radiation therapy (PORT). Eighteen patients (19.3%) underwent TM, with five of them (27.8%) also receiving PORT. With a median follow-up of 50 months, the LRFS rate was 84.2% at 5 years. Local recurrence (LR) was observed in five patients (5.4%) and four cases (80%) of the LR occurred in the tumor bed. Three of LR (3/75, 4.0%) had a history of BCS and PORT, meanwhile, two of LR (2/18, 11.1%) had a history of mastectomy. Regional recurrence occurred in two patients (2.2%), and both cases had a history of PORT with (n=1) and without (n=1) irradiation of the regional lymph nodes. Partial breast irradiation (p=0.35), BCS (p=0.96) and PORT in BCS group (p=0.33) had no significant association with LRFS.
Conclusion
BCS followed by PORT was the predominant treatment approach for ACC of the breast and LR mostly occurred in the tumor bed. The findings of this study suggest that partial breast irradiation might be considered for PORT in primary breast ACC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Breast: A Narrative Review and Update on Management
    Taylor Neilson, Zaibo Li, Christina Minami, Sara P. Myers
    Cancers.2025; 17(7): 1079.     CrossRef
  • 1,573 View
  • 136 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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Assessment of Eligibility and Utilization of Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation in Korean Breast Cancer Patients (KROG 22-15)
Seok-Joo Chun, Ji Hwan Jo, Yong Bae Kim, Sangjoon Park, Sung-Ja Ahn, Su Ssan Kim, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):549-556.   Published online December 8, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.1109
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
We investigated the proportions of patients eligible for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) among those with pT1-2N0 breast cancer, based on the criteria set by the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO), the Groupe Européen de Curiethérapie and the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (GEC-ESTRO), the American Brachytherapy Society (ABS), and the American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBS). Additionally, we analyzed the rate of APBI utilization among eligible patients.
Materials and Methods
Patients diagnosed with pT1-2N0 breast cancer in 2019 were accrued in four tertiary medical centers in Korea. All patients had undergone breast conserving surgery followed by radiotherapy, either whole breast irradiation or APBI. To determine which guideline best predicts the use of APBI in Korea, the F1 score and Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) were determined for each guideline.
Results
A total of 1,251 patients were analyzed, of whom 196 (15.7%) underwent APBI. The percentages of eligible patients identified by the ASTRO, GEC-ESTRO, ABS, and ASBS criteria were 13.7%, 21.0%, 50.5%, and 63.5%, respectively. APBI was used to treat 54.4%, 37.2%, 27.1%, and 23.7% of patients eligible by the ASTRO, GEC-ESTRO, ABS, and ASBS criteria, respectively. The ASTRO guideline exhibited the highest F1 score (0.76) and MCC (0.67), thus showing the best prediction of APBI utilization in Korea.
Conclusion
The proportion of Korean breast cancer patients who are candidates for APBI is substantial. The actual rate of APBI utilization among eligible patients may suggest there is a room for risk-stratified optimization in offering radiation therapy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Impact of the ASTRO 2024 Guideline on Partial Breast Irradiation Eligibility in Breast Cancer Patients (KROG 24-01)
    Seok-Joo Chun, Sangjoon Park, Yong Bae Kim, Sung-Ja Ahn, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin
    Practical Radiation Oncology.2025; 15(3): e230.     CrossRef
  • 3,157 View
  • 149 Download
  • 1 Crossref
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The Pattern of Care for Brain Metastasis from Breast Cancer over the Past 10 Years in Korea: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (KROG 16-12)
Jae Sik Kim, Kyubo Kim, Wonguen Jung, Kyung Hwan Shin, Seock-Ah Im, Hee-Jun Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Jee Suk Chang, Jee Hyun Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Yeon Hee Park, Dae Yong Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Byung Ock Choi, Sea-Won Lee, Suzy Kim, Jeanny Kwon, Ki Mun Kang, Woong-Ki Chung, Kyung Su Kim, Ji Ho Nam, Won Sup Yoon, Jin Hee Kim, Jihye Cha, Yoon Kyeong Oh, In Ah Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(4):1121-1129.   Published online December 31, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1083
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
We aimed to investigate manifestations and patterns of care for patients with brain metastasis (BM) from breast cancer (BC) and compared their overall survival (OS) from 2005 through 2014 in Korea.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 600 BC patients with BM diagnosed between 2005 and 2014. The median follow-up duration was 12.5 months. We categorized the patients into three groups according to the year when BM was initially diagnosed (group I [2005-2008], 98 patients; group II [2009-2011], 200 patients; and group III [2012-2014], 302 patients).
Results
Over time, the median age at BM diagnosis increased by 2.2 years (group I, 49.0 years; group II, 48.3 years; and group III, 51.2 years; p=0.008). The percentage of patients with extracranial metastasis was 73.5%, 83.5%, and 86.4% for group I, II, and III, respectively (p=0.011). The time interval between BC and BM was prolonged in patients with stage III primary BC (median, 2.4 to 3 years; p=0.029). As an initial brain-directed treatment, whole-brain radiotherapy alone decreased from 80.0% in 2005 to 41.1% in 2014. Meanwhile, stereotactic radiosurgery or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy alone increased from 13.3% to 34.7% during the same period (p=0.005). The median OS for group I, II, and III was 15.6, 17.9, and 15.0 months, respectively, with no statistical significance.
Conclusion
The manifestations of BM from BC and the pattern of care have changed from 2005 to 2014 in Korea. However, the OS has remained relatively unchanged over the 10 years.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Comparison of initial and sequential salvage brain-directed treatment in patients with 1–4 vs. 5–10 brain metastases from breast cancer (KROG 16–12)
    Jae Sik Kim, Kyubo Kim, Wonguen Jung, Kyung Hwan Shin, Seock-Ah Im, Hee-Jun Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Jee Suk Chang, Jee Hyun Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Yeon Hee Park, Dae Yong Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Byung Ock Choi, Sea-Won Lee, Suzy Kim, Jeanny Kwon, Ki Mun Kang, Woong-Ki C
    Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 200(1): 37.     CrossRef
  • 6,748 View
  • 186 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy for Node-Negative Breast Cancer of 5 cm or Larger Tumors: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis (KROG 20-03)
Kyubo Kim, Jinhong Jung, Haeyoung Kim, Wonguen Jung, Kyung Hwan Shin, Ji Hyun Chang, Su Ssan Kim, Won Park, Jee Suk Chang, Yong Bae Kim, Sung Ja Ahn, Ik Jae Lee, Jong Hoon Lee, Hae Jin Park, Jihye Cha, Juree Kim, Jin Hwa Choi, Taeryool Koo, Jeanny Kwon, Jin Hee Kim, Mi Young Kim, Shin-Hyung Park, Yeon-Joo Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):497-504.   Published online August 25, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.933
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
To evaluate the role of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) in patients with node-negative breast cancer of 5cm or larger tumors undergoing mastectomy
Materials and Methods
Medical records of 274 patients from 18 institutions treated with mastectomy between January 2000 and December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Among these, 202 patients underwent PMRT, while 72 did not. Two hundred and forty-one patients (88.0%) received systemic chemotherapy, and 172 (62.8%) received hormonal therapy. Patients receiving PMRT were younger, more likely to have progesterone receptor-positive tumors, and received adjuvant chemotherapy more frequently compared with those without PMRT (p <0.001, 0.018, and <0.001, respectively). Other characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups.
Results
With a median follow-up of 95 months (range, 1-249), there were 9 locoregional recurrences, and 20 distant metastases. The 8-year locoregional recurrence-free survival rates were 98.0% with PMRT and 91.3% without PMRT (p=0.133), and the 8-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 91.8% with PMRT and 73.9% without PMRT (p=0.008). On multivariate analysis incorporating age, histologic grade, lymphovascular invasion, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, and PMRT, the absence of lymphovascular invasion and the receipt of PMRT were associated with improved DFS (p=0.025 and 0.009, respectively).
Conclusion
Locoregional recurrence rate was very low in node-negative breast cancer of 5cm or larger tumors treated with mastectomy regardless of the receipt of PMRT. However, PMRT was significantly associated with improved DFS. Further investigation is needed to confirm these findings.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Outcomes with and without postmastectomy radiotherapy for pT3N0‐1M0 breast cancer: An institutional experience
    Xinxin Rao, Xuanyi Wang, Kairui Jin, Yilan Yang, Xu Zhao, Zhe Pan, Weiluo Lv, Zhen Zhang, Li Zhang, Xiaoli Yu, Xiaomao Guo
    Cancer Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of radiotherapy on patients with pathological stage IIB breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy: A cohort study
    Yi-Ying Pan, Tzu-Yu Lai, Cheng-Ying Shiau, Ling-Ming Tseng, I-Chun Lai, Yu-Ming Liu, Pin-I Huang
    Journal of the Chinese Medical Association.2024; 87(2): 202.     CrossRef
  • Post-mastectomy radiation therapy after breast reconstruction: from historic dogmas to practical expert agreements based on a large literature review of surgical and radiation therapy considerations
    Yazid Belkacemi, Meena S. Moran, Burcu Celet Ozden, Yazan Masannat, Fady Geara, Mohamed Albashir, Nhu Hanh To, Kamel Debbi, Mahmoud El Tamer
    Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2024; 200: 104421.     CrossRef
  • Impact of the 21-gene recurrence score testing on chemotherapy selection and clinical outcomes in T3N0 luminal breast cancer
    Ke Liu, Jia-Yi Li, Guan-Qiao Li, Zhen-Yu He, San-Gang Wu
    Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.2024; 24(12): 1283.     CrossRef
  • Post-Mastectomy Radiation Therapy: Applications and Advancements
    Jessica L. Thompson, Steven G. Allen, Cecilia Pesavento, Corey W. Speers, Jacqueline S. Jeruss
    Current Breast Cancer Reports.2022; 14(3): 75.     CrossRef
  • 7,568 View
  • 206 Download
  • 5 Crossref
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Effect of Postoperative Radiotherapy after Primary Tumor Resection in De Novo Stage IV Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (KROG 19-02)
Yeon Joo Kim, Yeon-Joo Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Ik Jae Lee, Jeanny Kwon, Kyubo Kim, Jihye Cha, Myungsoo Kim, In Young Jo, Jung Hoon Kim, Jaehyeon Park, Jin Hee Kim, Juree Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin, Su Ssan Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):478-487.   Published online July 12, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.632
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the impact of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in de novo metastatic breast cancer (dnMBC) patients undergoing planned primary tumor resection (PTR) and to identify the subgroup of patients who would most benefit from PORT.
Materials and Methods
This study enrolled 426 patients with dnMBC administered PTR alone or with PORT. The primary and secondary outcomes were overall and progression-free survival (OS and PFS), respectively.
Results
The median follow-up time was 53.7 months (range, 3.1 to 194.4). The 5-year OS and PFS rates were 73.2% and 32.0%, respectively. For OS, clinical T3/4 category, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), postoperative chemotherapy alone were significantly poor prognostic factors, and administration of PORT failed to show its significance. Regarding PFS, PORT was a favorable prognostic factor (hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.50 to 0.82; p < 0.001), in addition to T1/2 category, ≤ 5 metastases, and non-TNBC. According to the multivariate analyses of OS in the PORT group, we divided the patients into three groups (group 1, T1/2 and non-TNBC [n=193]; group 2, T3/4 and non-TNBC [n=171]; and group 3, TNBC [n=49]), and evaluated the effect of PORT. Although PORT had no significance for OS in all subgroups, it was a significant factor for good prognosis regarding PFS in groups 1 and 2, not in group 3.
Conclusion
PORT was associated with a significantly better PFS in patients with dnMBC who underwent PTR. Patients with clinical T1/2 category and non-TNBC benefited most from PORT, while those with TNBC showed little benefit.

Citations

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  • Survival Impact of Postoperative Primary Area Radiotherapy on De Novo Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study
    Pingchuan Li, Lineng Wei, Yinan Ji, Huawei Yang
    Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Letter to the editor for the article“Tumor margin irregularity degree is an important preoperative predictor of adverse pathology for clinical T1/2 renal cell carcinoma and the construction of predictive model”
    Yaping Miao, Lexin Wang, Ping Chen, Jiaan Lu, Guanhu Yang, Hao Chi
    World Journal of Urology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The prognostic differences and the effect of postmastectomy radiotherapy between post‐chemotherapy ypT1‐2ypN1 and de novo pT1‐2N1 breast cancer
    Tian Yang, Xiaorong Zhong, Jun Wang, Zhongzheng Xiang, Yuanyuan Zeng, Siting Yu, Zelei Dai, Ningyue Xu, Ting Luo, Lei Liu
    Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(7): 8112.     CrossRef
  • Impact of high dose radiotherapy for breast tumor in locoregionally uncontrolled stage IV breast cancer: a need for a risk-stratified approach
    Nalee Kim, Haeyoung Kim, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Tae Gyu Kim, Young-Hyuck Im, Jin Seok Ahn, Yeon Hee Park, Ji-Yeon Kim
    Radiation Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Machine learning predicts the prognosis of breast cancer patients with initial bone metastases
    Chaofan Li, Mengjie Liu, Jia Li, Weiwei Wang, Cong Feng, Yifan Cai, Fei Wu, Xixi Zhao, Chong Du, Yinbin Zhang, Yusheng Wang, Shuqun Zhang, Jingkun Qu
    Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Meilin Zhang, Zining Jin, Yingying Xu, Bo Chen, Jian Song, Muyao Li, Feng Jin, Ang Zheng
    SSRN Electronic Journal .2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 7,702 View
  • 175 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 6 Crossref
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Special Article
Physical and Biological Characteristics of Particle Therapy for Oncologists
Hwa Kyung Byun, Min Cheol Han, Kyungmi Yang, Jin Sung Kim, Gyu Sang Yoo, Woong Sub Koom, Yong Bae Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):611-620.   Published online June 16, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.066
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Particle therapy is a promising and evolving modality of radiotherapy that can be used to treat tumors that are radioresistant to conventional photon beam radiotherapy. It has unique biological and physical advantages compared with conventional radiotherapy. The characteristic feature of particle therapy is the “Bragg peak,” a steep and localized peak of dose, that enables precise delivery of the radiation dose to the tumor while effectively sparing normal organs. Especially, the charged particles (e.g., proton, helium, carbon) cause a high rate of energy loss along the track, thereby leading to high biological effectiveness, which makes particle therapy attractive. Using this property, the particle beam induces more severe DNA double-strand breaks than the photon beam, which is less influenced by the oxygen level. This review describes the general biological and physical aspects of particle therapy for oncologists, including non-radiation oncologists and beginners in the field.

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  • Tuning the range-energy relationship parameter for Monte Carlo-based proton Bragg curve spreading in muscle, bone, and polymethylmethacrylate
    Behzad Aminafshar, Hamid Reza Baghani, Ali Asghar Mowlavi
    Radiological Physics and Technology.2025; 18(1): 300.     CrossRef
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    Filippo Torrisi, Francesco Paolo Cammarata, Valentina Bravatà, Marco Calvaruso, Cristiana Alberghina, Anna Maria Pavone, Giada Petringa, Giuseppe Antonio Pablo Cirrone, Simona Denaro, Anna Gervasi, Simona D’Aprile, Nunzio Vicario, Emanuele Scifoni, Pietro
    Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of FLASH proton therapy on primary bronchial epithelial cell organoids
    Merian E. Kuipers, Floriane van Liefferinge, Ernst van der Wal, Marta Rovituso, Annelies M. Slats, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Krista C.J. Van Doorn-Wink
    Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology.2025; 52: 100927.     CrossRef
  • Exploring biochemical considerations for diffusive alpha radiation therapy (DaRT) models
    Peter Dukakis, Jesús J. Bosque, Alejandro Bertolet
    Physica Medica.2025; 131: 104947.     CrossRef
  • STAT1 increases the sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma to carbon ion irradiation via HO-1-mediated ferroptosis
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    Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Physics in Medicine & Biology.2025; 70(8): 085017.     CrossRef
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    Medical Dosimetry.2024; 49(1): 41.     CrossRef
  • Comparing the oncologic outcomes of proton therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
    Chia-Lun Chang, Kuan-Chou Lin, Wan-Ming Chen, Ben-Chang Shia, Szu-Yuan Wu
    Radiotherapy and Oncology.2024; 190: 109971.     CrossRef
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    David I. Thwaites, Dale A. Prokopovich, Richard F. Garrett, Annette Haworth, Anatoly Rosenfeld, Verity Ahern
    Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences.2024; 71(S2): 59.     CrossRef
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    Fereshteh Koosha, Mahdieh Ahmadikamalabadi, Mohadesseh Mohammadi
    Advances in Radiation Oncology.2024; 9(5): 101465.     CrossRef
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    Radiotherapy and Oncology.2024; 201: 110584.     CrossRef
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  • The first Korean carbon-ion radiation therapy facility: current status of the Heavy-ion Therapy Center at the Yonsei Cancer Center
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    Radiation Oncology Journal.2024; 42(4): 295.     CrossRef
  • Preservation of Neurocognition after Proton Beam Radiation Therapy for Intracranial Tumors: First Results from REGI-MA-002015
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    Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary, Mohammad Houshyari, Mohammad Farhadi
    Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2023; 149(9): 6719.     CrossRef
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    Maria Manuela Rosado, Claudio Pioli
    Cancers.2023; 15(4): 1093.     CrossRef
  • Particle radiotherapy for breast cancer
    Hanguang Ruan, Masahiko Okamoto, Tatsuya Ohno, Yang Li, Yuan Zhou
    Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Dosimetric comparison of robust angles in carbon-ion radiation therapy for prostate cancer
    Han-Back Shin, Changhwan Kim, Min Cheol Han, Chae-Seon Hong, Seyjoon Park, Woong Sub Koom, Jin Sung Kim
    Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Particle Reirradiation of Malignant Epithelial and Neuroectodermal Sinonasal Tumors: A Case Series from CNAO
    Barbara Vischioni, Rossana Ingargiola, Maria Bonora, Sara Ronchi, Anna Maria Camarda, Stefania Russo, Eleonora Rossi, Giuseppe Magro, Alfredo Mirandola, Ester Orlandi
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(7): 2624.     CrossRef
  • Gold-Nanoparticles-Enhanced Production of Reactive Oxygen Species in Cells at Spread-Out Bragg Peak under Proton Beam Radiation
    Chang-Yun Lo, Shiao-Wen Tsai, Huan Niu, Fang-Hsin Chen, Hsiao-Chien Hwang, Tsi-Chian Chao, Ing-Tsung Hsiao, Jiunn-Woei Liaw
    ACS Omega.2023; 8(20): 17922.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of particle therapy for inoperable stage II-III non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Yanliang Chen, Hongtao Luo, Ruifeng Liu, Mingyu Tan, Qian Wang, Xun Wu, Tianqi Du, Zhiqiang Liu, Shilong Sun, Qiuning Zhang, Xiaohu Wang
    Radiation Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Particle radiotherapy in the era of radioimmunotherapy
    Zihan Zhou, Bingjie Guan, Huang Xia, Rong Zheng, Benhua Xu
    Cancer Letters.2023; 567: 216268.     CrossRef
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    Mayakannan Krishnan, C. P. Ranjith
    Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment.2023; 6(2): 248.     CrossRef
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    S. Gaito, N.G. Burnet, M.C. Aznar, G. Marvaso, B.A. Jereczek-Fossa, A. Crellin, D. Indelicato, S. Pan, R. Colaco, R. Rieu, E. Smith, G. Whitfield
    Clinical Oncology.2023; 35(10): 673.     CrossRef
  • Carbon Ion Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Original Articles
Impact of Regional Nodal Irradiation for Breast Cancer Patients with Supraclavicular and/or Internal Mammary Lymph Node Involvement: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study (KROG 16-14)
Kyubo Kim, Yuri Jeong, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jin Ho Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Su Ssan Kim, Chang-Ok Suh, Yong Bae Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Won Park, Jihye Cha, Mison Chun, Dong Soo Lee, Sun Young Lee, Jin Hee Kim, Hae Jin Park, Wonguen Jung
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1500-1508.   Published online March 15, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.575
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer with ipsilateral supraclavicular (SCL) and/or internal mammary (IMN) lymph node involvement.
Materials and Methods
A total of 353 patients from 11 institutions were included. One hundred and thirty-six patients had SCL involvement, 148 had IMN involvement, and 69 had both. All patients received neoadjuvant systemic therapy followed by breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy, and postoperative RT to whole breast/chest wall. As for regional lymph node irradiation, SCL RT was given to 344 patients, and IMN RT to 236 patients. The median RT dose was 50.4 Gy.
Results
The median follow-up duration was 61 months (range, 7 to 173 months). In-field progression was present in SCL (n=20) and/or IMN (n=7). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival rates were 57.8% and 75.1%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, both SCL/IMN involvement, number of axillary lymph node ≥ 4, triple-negative subtype, and mastectomy were significant adverse prognosticators for DFS (p=0.022, p=0.001, p=0.001, and p=0.004, respectively). Regarding the impact of regional nodal irradiation, SCL RT dose ≥ 54 Gy was not associated with DFS (5-year rate, 52.9% vs. 50.9%; p=0.696) in SCL-involved patients, and the receipt of IMN RT was not associated with DFS (5-year rate, 56.1% vs. 78.1%; p=0.099) in IMN-involved patients.
Conclusion
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery and postoperative RT achieved an acceptable in-field regional control rate in patients with SCL and/or IMN involvement. However, a higher RT dose to SCL or IMN RT was not associated with the improved DFS in these patients.

Citations

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  • Clinical outcomes after post-operative radiotherapy for breast cancer patients presenting with ipsilateral supraclavicular metastasis: considerations on the cranial border of irradiation field
    Xiaofang Wang, Xiaomeng Zhang, Li Zhang, Jin Meng, Wei Shi, Xingxing Chen, Zhaozhi Yang, Xin Mei, Xiaoli Yu, Zhen Zhang, Zhimin Shao, Xiaomao Guo, Jinli Ma
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    Julia M. Selfridge, Zachary Schrank, Chris B. Agala, David W. Ollila, Kristalyn K. Gallagher, Dana L. Casey, Philip M. Spanheimer
    Annals of Surgical Oncology.2025; 32(3): 2070.     CrossRef
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    Zhao Bi, Chun-Hui Zheng, Tong-Yue Ren, Yong-Sheng Wang
    International Journal of Surgery.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Hyunki Park, Haeyoung Kim, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Nalee Kim, Tae Gyu Kim, Young-Hyuck Im, Jin Seok Ahn, Yeon Hee Park, Ji-Yeon Kim, Seok Jin Nam, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Jonghan Yu, Byung Joo Chae, Sei Kyung Lee, Jai-Min Ryu
    Radiation Oncology Journal.2024; 42(3): 210.     CrossRef
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    Garima Shrivastav, Debanjali Datta, Tabassum Wadasadawala, Pallavi Rane, Subhajit Panda, Rima Pathak, Libin Scaria, Revathy Krishnamurthy, Rajiv Sarin
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    Wei-Xiang Qi, Lu Cao, Cheng Xu, Gang Cai, Jiayi Chen
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    Kevin Diao, Lauren M. Andring, Carlos H. Barcenas, Puneet Singh, Huong (Carisa) Le-Petross, Valerie K. Reed, Jay P. Reddy, Elizabeth S. Bloom, Neelofur R. Ahmad, Lauren L. Mayo, George H. Perkins, Melissa P. Mitchell, Kevin T. Nead, Welela Tereffe, Benjam
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    Tianyi Ma, Yan Mao, Haibo Wang
    Cancer Management and Research.2020; Volume 12: 11857.     CrossRef
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Comparison of Breast Conserving Surgery Followed by Radiation Therapy with Mastectomy Alone for Pathologic N1 Breast Cancer Patients in the Era of Anthracycline Plus Taxane-Based Chemotherapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (KROG 1418)
Gyu Sang Yoo, Won Park, Jeong Il Yu, Doo Ho Choi, Yeon-Joo Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin, Chan Woo Wee, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Ran Park, Yong Bae Kim, Sung Ja Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee, Jin Hee Kim, Mison Chun, Hyung-Sik Lee, Jung Soo Kim, Jihye Cha
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1041-1051.   Published online November 1, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.424
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
We compared the oncologic outcomes of breast-conserving surgery plus radiation therapy (BCS+RT) and modified radical mastectomy (MRM) under anthracycline plus taxane-based (AT) regimens and investigated the role of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) in patients with pathologic N1 (pN1) breast cancer treated by mastectomy.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 2,011 patients with pN1 breast cancer who underwent BCS+RT or MRM alone at 12 institutions between January 2006 and December 2010. Two-to-one propensity score matching was performed for balances in variables between the groups.
Results
The median follow-up duration for the total cohort was 69 months (range, 1 to 114 months). After propensity score matching, 1,074 patients (676 in the BCS+RT group and 398 in the MRM-alone group) were analyzed finally. The overall survival, disease-free survival, locoregional failure-free survival, and regional failure-free survival (RFFS) curves of the BCS+RT group vs. MRM-alone group were not significantly different. The subgroup analysis revealed that in the group with both lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and histologic grade (HG) III, the BCS+RT showed significantly superior RFFS (p=0.008). Lymphedema (p=0.007) and radiation pneumonitis (p=0.031) occurred more frequently in the BCS+RT group than in the MRM-alone group, significantly.
Conclusion
There are no differences in oncologic outcomes between BCS+RT and MRM-alone groups under the AT chemotherapy regimens for pN1 breast cancer. However, BCS+RT group showed superior RFFS to MRM-alone group in the patients with LVI and HG III. Adjuvant RT might be considerable for pN1 breast cancer patients with LVI and HG III.

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    Guang-Yi Sun, Ge Wen, Yu-Jing Zhang, Yu Tang, Hao Jing, Hui Fang, Jian-Yang Wang, Jiang-Hu Zhang, Xu-Ran Zhao, Si-Ye Chen, Yong-Wen Song, Jing Jin, Yue-Ping Liu, Yuan Tang, Shu-Nan Qi, Ning Li, Bo Chen, Ning-Ning Lu, Ye-Xiong Li, Shu-Lian Wang
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    Endris Muhammed, Li Chen, Ying Gao, Daniel Erenso
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The Prognostic Impact of the Number of Metastatic Lymph Nodes and a New Prognostic Scoring System for Recurrence in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer with High Risk Factors: A Multicenter Cohort Study (KROG 15-04)
Jeanny Kwon, Keun-Young Eom, Young Seok Kim, Won Park, Mison Chun, Jihae Lee, Yong Bae Kim, Won Sup Yoon, Jin Hee Kim, Jin Hwa Choi, Sei Kyung Chang, Bae Kwon Jeong, Seok Ho Lee, Jihye Cha
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(3):964-974.   Published online October 24, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.346
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
We aimed to assess prognostic value of metastatic pelvic lymph node (mPLN) in early-stage cervical cancer treated with radical surgery followed by postoperative chemoradiotherapy. Also, we sought to define a high-risk group using prognosticators for recurrence.
Materials and Methods
A multicenter retrospective study was conducted using the data from 13 Korean institutions from 2000 to 2010. A total of 249 IB-IIA patients with high-risk factors were included. We evaluated distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in relation to clinicopathologic factors including pNstage, number of mPLN, lymph node (LN)ratio (number of positive LN/number of harvested LN), and log odds of mPLNs (log(number of positive LN+0.5/number of negative LN+0.5)).
Results
In univariate analysis, histology (squamous cell carcinoma [SqCC] vs. others), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), number of mPLNs (≤ 3 vs. > 3), LN ratio (≤ 17% vs. > 17%), and log odds of mPLNs (≤ ‒0.58 vs. > ‒0.58) were significant prognosticators for DMFS and DFS. Resection margin involvement only affected DFS. No significant survival difference was observed between pN0 patients and patients with 1-3 mPLNs. Multivariate analysis revealed that mPLN > 3, LVI, and non-SqCC were unfavorable index for both DMFS (p < 0.001, p=0.020, and p=0.031, respectively) and DFS (p < 0.001, p=0.017, and p=0.001, respectively). A scoring system using these three factors predicts risk of recurrence with relatively high concordance index (DMFS, 0.69; DFS, 0.71).
Conclusion
mPLN > 3 in early-stage cervical cancer affects DMFS and DFS. A scoring system using mPLNs > 3, LVI, and non-SqCC could stratify risk groups of recurrence in surgically resected early-stage cervix cancer with high-risk factors.

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    Cancer Cell International.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Luigi Pedone Anchora, Vittoria Carbone, Valerio Gallotta, Francesco Fanfani, Francesco Cosentino, Luigi Carlo Turco, Camilla Fedele, Nicolò Bizzarri, Giovanni Scambia, Gabriella Ferrandina
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    Gynecologic Oncology.2018; 149(3): 513.     CrossRef
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Ruthenium-106 Brachytherapy with or without Additional Local Therapy Shows Favorable Outcome for Variable-Sized Choroidal Melanomas in Korean Patients
Yeona Cho, Jee Suk Chang, Jin Sook Yoon, Sung Chul Lee, Yong Bae Kim, Joo Ho Kim, Ki Chang Keum
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(1):138-147.   Published online March 24, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.391
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to report clinical outcomes of ruthenium-106 (106Ru) brachytherapy with or without additional local therapy for choroidal melanomas in Korean patients.
Materials and Methods
A total of 88 patients diagnosed with choroidal melanomas were treated with 106Ru brachytherapy between 2006 and 2012. Patients were divided into two groups according to their tumor height: a large group (≥ 6 mm, n=50) and a small group (< 6 mm, n=38). Most patients in the large group received combined therapy with local excision and/or transpupillary thermotherapy. In general, 85-95 Gy was administered to the apex of the tumor, while 100 Gy was administered to the point 2-6 mm from the outer surface of the sclera for patients undergoing combined therapy.
Results
The median follow-up duration was 30 months. The 3-year local control rate was significantly higher in the small group than in the large group (94% vs. 70%, p=0.047). The free from distant metastasis (FFDM) rate and the overall survival (OS) rate were also higher in patients in the small group (3-year FFDM, 97% vs. 76%; p=0.031 and 3-year OS, 97% vs. 72%; p=0.036). A total of 13 patients underwent enucleation. The eye-preservation rate was also higher in the small group (3-year eye-preservation rate, 94% vs. 70%; p=0.050), and tumor height was a significant prognostic factor for eye-preservation.
Conclusion
106Ru brachytherapy showed favorable outcomes in small choroidal melanomas in Korean patients. Although additional local treatment could improve eye-preservation rate for large tumors, other strategies should be considered for disease control.

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    Viktor T. Gill, Gustav Stålhammar
    Heliyon.2024; 10(1): e23447.     CrossRef
  • Brachytherapy With 15- Versus 20-mm Ruthenium 106 Plaques Without Verification of Plaque Position Is Associated With Local Tumor Recurrence and Death in Posterior Uveal Melanoma
    Gustav Stålhammar
    International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2023; 117(5): 1125.     CrossRef
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    Fátima Virgínia Gama Justi, Gabriella Araújo Matos, Juan de Sá Roriz Caminha, Cássia Rodrigues Roque, Edinilton Muniz Carvalho, Márcio Wilker Soares Campelo, Ludmila Belayev, Luiz Gonzaga de França Lopes, Reinaldo Barreto Oriá
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    Gilda Cennamo, Daniela Montorio, Luca D’ Andrea, Antonio Farella, Elide Matano, Mario Giuliano, Raffaele Liuzzi, Maria Angelica Breve, Sabino De Placido, Giovanni Cennamo
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    Yong Joon Kim, Christopher Seungkyu Lee, Sung Chul Lee
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Prognostic Impact of Elective Supraclavicular Nodal Irradiation for Patients with N1 Breast Cancer after Lumpectomy and Anthracycline Plus Taxane-Based Chemotherapy (KROG 1418): A Multicenter Case-Controlled Study
Haeyoung Kim, Won Park, Jeong Il Yu, Doo Ho Choi, Seung Jae Huh, Yeon-Joo Kim, Eun Sook Lee, Keun Seok Lee, Han-Sung Kang, In Hae Park, Kyung Hwan Shin, Chan Woo Wee, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Ran Park, Yong Bae Kim, Sung Ja Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee, Jin Hee Kim, Mison Chun, Hyung-Sik Lee, Jung Soo Kim, Jihye Cha
Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(4):970-980.   Published online January 4, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.382
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of supraclavicular lymph node radiotherapy (SCNRT) on N1 breast cancer patients receiving post-lumpectomy whole-breast irradiation (WBI) and anthracycline plus taxane-based (AT) chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
We performed a case-control analysis to compare the outcomes of WBI and WBI plus SCNRT (WBI+SCNRT). Among 1,147 patients with N1 breast cancer who received post-lumpectomy radiotherapy and AT-based chemotherapy in 12 hospitals, 542 were selected after propensity score matching. Patterns of failure, disease-free survival (DFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and treatment-related toxicity were compared between groups.
Results
A total of 41 patients (7.6%) were found to have recurrence. Supraclavicular lymph node (SCN) failure was detected in three patients, two in WBI and one in WBI+SCNRT. All SCN failures were found simultaneously with distant metastasis. There was no significant difference in patterns of failure or survival between groups. The 5-year DFS and DMFS for patients with WBI and WBI+SCNRT were 94.4% versus 92.6% (p=0.50) and 95.1% versus 94.5% (p=0.99), respectively. The rates of lymphedema and radiation pneumonitis were significantly higher in the WBI+SCNRT than in the WBI.
Conclusion
We did not find a benefit of SCNRT for N1 breast cancer patients receiving AT-based chemotherapy.

Citations

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  • Patient-Reported Outcomes Between Whole-Breast Plus Regional Irradiation and Whole-Breast Irradiation Only in pN1 Breast Cancer After Breast-Conserving Surgery and Taxane-Based Chemotherapy: A Randomized Phase 3 Clinical Trial (KROG 17-01)
    Nalee Kim, Won Park, Haeyoung Kim, Won Kyung Cho, Sung Ja Ahn, Mi Young Kim, Shin-Hyung Park, Ik Jae Lee, Inbong Ha, Jin Hee Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Kyu Chan Lee, Hyung-Sik Lee, Tae Gyu Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jong Hoon Lee, Jinhong Jung, Oyeon Cho, Yong Bae Kim
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    Ji Hyun Hong, Jin-Ho Song, Kyu-Hye Choi, Shin Woo Kim, Woo-Chan Park, Jieun Lee, Ahwon Lee, Jun Kang, Byung-Ock Choi
    Frontiers in Oncology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Wei-Xiang Qi, Lu Cao, Cheng Xu, Gang Cai, Jiayi Chen
    Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Tae Hoon Lee, Ji Hyun Chang, Bum-Sup Jang, Jae Sik Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Won Park, Yong Bae Kim, Su Ssan Kim, Wonshik Han, Han-Byoel Lee, Kyung Hwan Shin
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    Sang-Won Kim, Won Kyung Cho, Doo Ho Choi, Haeyoung Kim, Oyeon Cho, Won Park, Mison Chun
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    Shin-Hyung Park, Jae-Chul Kim
    Radiation Oncology Journal.2020; 38(1): 44.     CrossRef
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    Fabio Corsi, Luca Sorrentino, Sara Albasini, Daniela Bossi, Carlo Morasso, Laura Villani, Marta Truffi
    Medicine.2020; 99(35): e21721.     CrossRef
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    Xuran Zhao, Yu Tang, Shulian Wang, Yong Yang, Hui Fang, Jianyang Wang, Hao Jing, Jianghu Zhang, Guangyi Sun, Siye Chen, Jing Jin, Yongwen Song, Yueping Liu, Bo Chen, Shunan Qi, Ning Li, Yuan Tang, Ningning Lu, Hua Ren, Yexiong Li
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    Haeyoung Kim, Heejung Kim, Won Park, Jong Yun Baek, Sung Ja Ahn, Mi Young Kim, Shin-Hyung Park, Ik Jae Lee, Inbong Ha, Jin Hee Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Kyu Chan Lee, Hyung-Sik Lee, Tae Gyu Kim, Jin Ho Kim, Jong Hoon Lee, Jinhong Jung, Oyeon Cho, Jee Suk Chang,
    Cancers.2020; 12(11): 3261.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Significance of Lymph-Node Ratio in Determining Supraclavicular Lymph-Node Radiation Therapy in pN1 Breast Cancer Patients Who Received Breast-Conserving Treatment (KROG 14-18): A Multicenter Study
    Jaeho Kim, Won Park, Jin Kim, Doo Choi, Yeon-Joo Kim, Eun Lee, Kyung Shin, Jin Kim, Kyubo Kim, Yong Kim, Sung-Ja Ahn, Jong Lee, Mison Chun, Hyung-Sik Lee, Jung Kim, Jihye Cha
    Cancers.2019; 11(5): 680.     CrossRef
  • Breast Conservation Therapy Versus Mastectomy in Patients with T1-2N1 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Pooled Analysis of KROG 14-18 and 14-23
    Kyubo Kim, Hae Jin Park, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jin Ho Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Won Park, Seung Do Ahn, Su Ssan Kim, Dae Yong Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Jiyoung Kim
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2018; 50(4): 1316.     CrossRef
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Postmastectomy Radiotherapy in Patients with pT1-2N1 Breast Cancer Treated with Taxane-Based Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Multicenter Analysis (KROG 1418)
Yeon-Joo Kim, Won Park, Boram Ha, Boram Park, Jungnam Joo, Tae Hyun Kim, In Hae Park, Keun Seok Lee, Eun Sook Lee, Kyung Hwan Shin, Haeyoung Kim, Jeong Il Yu, Doo Ho Choi, Seung Jae Huh, Chan Woo Wee, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Ran Park, Yong Bae Kim, Sung Ja Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee, Jin Hee Kim, Mison Chun, Hyung-Sik Lee, Jung Soo Kim, Jihye Cha
Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(4):927-936.   Published online December 26, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.508
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) on loco-regional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) in pT1-2N1 patients treated with taxane-based chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical data of pathological N1 patients who were treated with modified radical mastectomy and adjuvant taxane-based chemotherapy in 12 hospitals between January 2006 and December 2010.
Results
We identified 714 consecutive patients. The median follow-up duration was 69 months (range, 1 to 114 months) and the 5-year LRRFS, DFS, and OS rates were 97%, 94%, and 98%, respectively, in patients who received PMRT (PMRT [+]). The corresponding figures were 96%, 90%, and 96%, respectively, in patients who did not receive PMRT (PMRT [–]). PMRT had no significant impact on survival. Upon multivariable analysis, only the histological grade (HG) was statistically significant as a prognostic factor for LRRFS and DFS. In a subgroup analysis of HG 3 patients, PMRT (+) showed better DFS (p=0.081).
Conclusion
PMRT had no significant impact on LRRFS, DFS, or OS in pT1-2N1 patients treated with taxane-based chemotherapy. PMRT showed a marginal benefit for DFS in HG 3 patients. Randomized studies are needed to confirm the benefit of PMRT in high risk patients, such as those with HG 3.

Citations

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  • Does Post-Mastectomy Radiotherapy Confer Survival Benefits on Patients With 1-3 Clinically Positive Lymph Nodes Rendered Pathologically Negative After Neoadjuvant Systemic Chemotherapy: Consensus from A Pooled Analysis?
    Munaser Alamoodi
    European Journal of Breast Health.2024; 20(2): 81.     CrossRef
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    Lin-Yu Xia, Wei-Yun Xu, Yan Zhao, Sudeep Gupta
    PLOS ONE.2022; 17(6): e0270528.     CrossRef
  • Suggestion for the omission of post-mastectomy chest wall radiation therapy in patients who underwent skin-sparing/nipple-sparing mastectomy
    Nalee Kim, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Hae Young Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Seok Jin Nam, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Jonghan Yu, Byung Joo Chae, Se Kyung Lee, Jai Min Ryu, Goo-Hyun Mun, Jai-Kyong Pyon, Byung-Joon Jeon
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    Majd Kayali, Joseph Abi Jaoude, Arafat Tfayli, Nagi El Saghir, Philip Poortmans, Youssef H. Zeidan
    Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2020; 147: 102880.     CrossRef
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    Jinli Wei, Yizhou Jiang, Zhimin Shao
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    Lei Zhang, Ru Tang, Jia-Peng Deng, Wen-Wen Zhang, Huan-Xin Lin, San-Gang Wu, Zhen-Yu He
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    Gyu Sang Yoo, Won Park, Jeong Il Yu, Doo Ho Choi, Yeon-Joo Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin, Chan Woo Wee, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Ran Park, Yong Bae Kim, Sung Ja Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee, Jin Hee Kim, Mison Chun, Hyung-Sik Lee, Jung Soo Kim, Jihye Cha
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    Jie Zhang, Xiao-Xiao Wang, Jun-Yu Lian, Chuan-Gui Song
    Oncotarget.2019; 10(50): 5245.     CrossRef
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    Shin-Hyung Park, Jeeyeon Lee, Jeong Eun Lee, Min Kyu Kang, Mi Young Kim, Ho Yong Park, Jin Hyang Jung, Yee Soo Chae, Soo Jung Lee, Jae-Chul Kim
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Incorporating Risk Factors to Identify the Indication of Post-mastectomy Radiotherapy in N1 Breast Cancer Treated with Optimal Systemic Therapy: A Multicenter Analysis in Korea (KROG 14-23)
Hae Jin Park, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jin Ho Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Ja Young Kim, Won Park, Yong Bae Kim, Yeon-joo Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Ran Park, Hyun Soo Shin, Bae Kwon Jeong, Sun Young Lee, Suzy Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):739-747.   Published online October 19, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.405
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
In a recent meta-analysis, post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) reduced any first recurrence (AFR) and improved survival in N1 and N2 patients. We investigated risk factors for AFR in N1 after optimal systemic therapy without PMRT, to define a subgroup of patients who may benefit from PMRT.
Materials and Methods
One thousand three hundred eighty-two pT1-2N1M0 breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy without PMRT between 2005 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Only 0.6% had no systemic therapy.
Results
After a median follow-up of 5.9 years, there were 173 AFR (53 loco-regional recurrence [LRR] without distant metastases [DM], 38 LRR with DM, and 82 DM without LRR). The 5-year LRR and AFR rates were 6.1% and 12.0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that close resection margin (p=0.001) was the only independent risk factor for LRR. Multivariate analysis for AFR revealed that age < 35 years (p=0.025), T2 stage (p=0.004), high tumor grade (p=0.032), close resection margin (p=0.035), and triple-negative biological subtype (p=0.031) were independent risk factors. Two or three positive lymph nodes (p=0.078) were considered a marginally significant factor. When stratified by these six factors, the 5-year LRR rates were 3.6% with 0-1 (n=606), 7.5% with 2-3 (n=655), and 12.7% with 4-6 (n=93) risk factors. The 5-year AFR rates were 7.1% with 0-1, 15.0% with 2-3, and 24.5% with 4-6 risk factors.
Conclusion
Patients with pT1-2N1M0 breast cancer who underwent mastectomy and optimal systemic therapy showed excellent loco-regional control and disease control. The patients with four or more risk factors may benefit from PMRT, and those with two or three risk factors merit consideration of PMRT.

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    Kangpyo Kim, Won Park, Haeyoung Kim, Won Kyung Cho, Nalee Kim, Seok Jin Nam, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Jonghan Yu, Byung Joo Chae, Se Kyung Lee, Jai Min Ryu
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    Bum-Sup Jang, Kyung Hwan Shin
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    Maria Cristina Leonardi, Ida Rosalia Scognamiglio, Patrick Maisonneuve, Samantha Dicuonzo, Damaris Patricia Rojas, Maria Alessia Zerella, Anna Morra, Marianna Alessandra Gerardi, Mattia Zaffaroni, Alessandra De Scalzi, Antonia Girardi, Francesca Magnoni,
    Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2021; 188(2): 511.     CrossRef
  • Impact of clinical-pathological factors on locoregional recurrence in mastectomy patients with T1-2N1 breast cancer: who can omit adjuvant radiotherapy?
    Xiaofang Wang, Li Zhang, Xiaomeng Zhang, Jurui Luo, Xuanyi Wang, Xingxing Chen, Zhaozhi Yang, Xin Mei, Xiaoli Yu, Zhen Zhang, Xiaomao Guo, Zhimin Shao, Jinli Ma
    Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2021; 190(2): 277.     CrossRef
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    San-Gang Wu, Jun Wang, Chen-Lu Lian, Jian Lei, Li Hua, Qin Lin, Yong-Xiong Chen, Zhen-Yu He
    The Breast.2020; 51: 2.     CrossRef
  • Nomogram predicting survival as a selection criterion for postmastectomy radiotherapy in patients with T1 to T2 breast cancer with 1 to 3 positive lymph nodes
    Yu Tang, Yu-Jing Zhang, Na Zhang, Mei Shi, Ge Wen, Jing Cheng, Hong-Mei Wang, Min Liu, Xiao-Hu Wang, Qi-Shuai Guo, Hong-Fen Wu, Chang-Ying Ma, Jing Jin, Yue-Ping Liu, Yong-Wen Song, Hui Fang, Hua Ren, Shu-Lian Wang, Ye-Xiong Li
    Cancer.2020; 126(S16): 3857.     CrossRef
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    Shulian Wang, Ge Wen, Yu Tang, Yong Yang, Hao Jing, Jianyang Wang, Jianghu Zhang, Xuran Zhao, Guangyi Sun, Jing Jin, Yongwen Song, Yueping Liu, Hui Fang, Yujing Zhang, Yexiong Li
    BMC Cancer.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Filip Kaššák, Christine Rossier, Cristina Picardi, Jacques Bernier
    The Breast.2019; 48: 73.     CrossRef
  • Chest wall recurrence in pT1-2N0-1 breast cancer patients after mastectomy without radiotherapy
    Ji Hyun Chang, Kyung Hwan Shin, Seung Do Ahn, Hae Jin Park, Eui Kyu Chie, Jin Ho Kim, Su Ssan Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Won Park, Yeon-Joo Kim, Hyun Soo Shin, Jin Hee Kim, Sun Young Lee, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Ran Park, Bae Kwon Jeong, Ja Young Kim, Suzy Kim
    Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2018; 169(3): 507.     CrossRef
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    Byoung Hyuck Kim, Jeanny Kwon, Kyubo Kim
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2018; 50(2): 551.     CrossRef
  • Breast Conservation Therapy Versus Mastectomy in Patients with T1-2N1 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Pooled Analysis of KROG 14-18 and 14-23
    Kyubo Kim, Hae Jin Park, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jin Ho Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Won Park, Seung Do Ahn, Su Ssan Kim, Dae Yong Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Jiyoung Kim
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2018; 50(4): 1316.     CrossRef
  • Meeting Highlights: The Second Consensus Conference for Breast Cancer Treatment in Korea
    Seeyoun Lee, In Hae Park, Seho Park, Joohyuk Sohn, Joon Jeong, Sung Gwe Ahn, Ik Jae Lee, Hae Kyung Lee, Seung Ah Lee, Won Park, Kyung-Hun Lee, Sung-Won Kim, Sang-Ah Han, Kyung Hae Jung, Byung Ho Son
    Journal of Breast Cancer.2017; 20(3): 228.     CrossRef
  • Predicting loco-regional recurrence risk in T1, T2 breast cancer with 1–3 positive axillary nodes postmastectomy: Development of a predictive nomogram
    T Wadasadawala, S Kannan, S Gudi, A Rishi, A Budrukkar, V Parmar, T Shet, S Desai, S Gupta, R Badwe, R Sarin
    Indian Journal of Cancer.2017; 54(1): 352.     CrossRef
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Adjuvant Treatment after Surgery in Stage IIIA Endometrial Adenocarcinoma
Mee Sun Yoon, Seung Jae Huh, Hak Jae Kim, Young Seok Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Joo-Young Kim, Jong-Hoon Lee, Hun Jung Kim, Jihye Cha, Jin Hee Kim, Juree Kim, Won Sup Yoon, Jin Hwa Choi, Mison Chun, Youngmin Choi, Kang Kyoo Lee, Myungsoo Kim, Jae-Uk Jeong, Sei Kyung Chang, Won Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(3):1074-1083.   Published online October 29, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.356
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
We evaluated the role of adjuvant therapy in stage IIIA endometrioid adenocarcinoma patients who underwent surgery followed by radiotherapy (RT) alone or chemoradiotherapy (CTRT) according to risk group. Materials and Methods A multicenter retrospective study was conducted including patients with surgical stage IIIA endometrial cancertreated by radical surgery and adjuvant RT or CTRT. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.
Results
Ninety-three patients with stage IIIA disease were identified. Nineteen patients (20.4%) experienced recurrence, mostly distant metastasis (17.2%). Combined CTRT did not affect DFS (74.1% vs. 82.4%, p=0.130) or OS (96.3% vs. 91.9%, p=0.262) in stage IIIA disease compared with RT alone. Patients with age ≥ 60 years, grade G2/3, and lymphovascular space involvement had a significantly worse DFS and those variables were defined as risk factors. The high-risk group showed a significant reduction in 5-year DFS (≥ 2 risk factors) (49.0% vs. 88.0%, p < 0.001) compared with the low-risk group (< 2). Multivariate analysis confirmed that more than one risk factor was the only predictor of worse DFS (hazard ratio, 5.45; 95% confidence interval, 2.12 to 13.98; p < 0.001). Of patients with no risk factors, a subset treated with RT alone showed an excellent 5-year DFS and OS (93.8% and 100%, respectively). Conclusion We identified a low-risk subset of stage IIIA endometrioid adenocarcinoma patients who might be reasonable candidates for adjuvant RT alone. Further randomized studies are needed to determine which subset might benefit from combined CTRT.

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18F-FDG/PET May Help to Identify a Subgroup of Patients with T1-T2 Breast Cancer and 1-3 Positive Lymph Nodes Who Are at a High Risk of Recurrence after Mastectomy
Jee Suk Chang, Jeongshim Lee, Hyun Jung Kim, Kyung Hwan Kim, Mijin Yun, Seung Il Kim, Ki Chang Keum, Chang-Ok Suh, Yong Bae Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):508-517.   Published online September 9, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.172
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to assess the utility of positron emission tomography (PET) for predicting recurrence among patients with T1-T2/N1 breast cancer who were treated with mastectomy. Materials and Methods Of 712 consecutive patients with T1-T2/N1 breast cancer treated during 2003-2012, 109 had undergone preoperative 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose/PET and were included. Metabolic (maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax]), volumetric (metabolic tumor volume [MTV]), and combined (total lesion glycolysis [TLG]) indices were measured. The resulting values were analyzed and compared with clinical outcome.
Results
At the median follow-up of 46.7 months, the 3-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rate was 95.2%. SUVmax (area under curve, 0.824) was more useful than MTV or TLG as a means of identifying patients at high risk for any recurrence. In multivariate analysis, SUVmax remained an independent risk factor for RFS (p=0.006). Using the method of Contal and O’Quigley, a SUVmax threshold of 5.36 showed the best predictive performance. The PET-based highrisk group (≥ 5.36 in either breast or nodes) had more T1c-T2, high-grade, hormone-receptor negative, and invasive ductal carcinoma tumors than the low-risk group (< 5.36 in both breast and nodes). The prognosis was much worse when high SUVmax (≥ 5.36) was detected in nodes (p < 0.001). In the no-radiotherapy cohort, the PET-based high-risk group had increased risk of locoregional recurrence when compared to the low-risk group (p=0.037). Conclusion High SUVmax on preoperative PET showed association with elevated risk of locoregional recurrence and any recurrence. Pre-treatment PET may improve assessments of recurrence risk and clarify indications for post-mastectomy radiotherapy in this subset of patients.

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  • Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Early Standardized Uptake Value Reduction in Patients With Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
    Soong June Bae, Sung Gwe Ahn, Jung Hwan Ji, Chih Hao Chu, Dooreh Kim, Janghee Lee, Soeun Park, Chihwan Cha, Joon Jeong
    Journal of Breast Cancer.2022; 25(6): 485.     CrossRef
  • Significance of Metabolic Tumor Volume at Baseline and Reduction of Mean Standardized Uptake Value in 18F-FDG-PET/CT Imaging for Predicting Pathological Complete Response in Breast Cancers Treated with Preoperative Chemotherapy
    Tomoko Higuchi, Yukie Fujimoto, Hiromi Ozawa, Ayako Bun, Reiko Fukui, Yoshimasa Miyagawa, Michiko Imamura, Kazuhiro Kitajima, Koichiro Yamakado, Yasuo Miyoshi
    Annals of Surgical Oncology.2019; 26(7): 2175.     CrossRef
  • The ability of pre-treatment F-18 FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters for predicting axillary lymph node and distant metastasis and overall survival
    Burcak Yilmaz, Sedef Dağ, Nurhan Ergul, Tevfik Fikret Çermik
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    Filip Kaššák, Christine Rossier, Cristina Picardi, Jacques Bernier
    The Breast.2019; 48: 73.     CrossRef
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    Wei Diao, Fangfang Tian, Zhiyun Jia
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    Seo Hee Choi, Jee Suk Chang, Ja Seung Koo, Jong Won Park, Joo Hyuk Sohn, Ki Chang Keum, Chang-Ok Suh, Yong Bae Kim
    American Journal of Clinical Oncology.2018; 41(11): 1049.     CrossRef
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    Yong-il Kim, Yong Joong Kim, Jin Chul Paeng, Gi Jeong Cheon, Dong Soo Lee, June-Key Chung, Keon Wook Kang
    European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.2017; 44(11): 1787.     CrossRef
  • Tumor size and proliferative marker geminin rather than Ki67 expression levels significantly associated with maximum uptake of 18F-deoxyglucose levels on positron emission tomography for breast cancers
    Arisa Nishimukai, Natsuko Inoue, Ayako Kira, Masashi Takeda, Koji Morimoto, Kazuhiro Araki, Kazuhiro Kitajima, Takahiro Watanabe, Seiichi Hirota, Toyomasa Katagiri, Shoji Nakamori, Kouhei Akazawa, Yasuo Miyoshi, Renato Franco
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  • Prognostic Value of SUVmax of <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT in Early Stage Breast Cancer with No LN Metastasis
    Ryusuke Murakami, Yoshimitsu Fukushima, Hitomi Tani, Kotomi Iwata, Shinichiro Kumita, Maki Nakai, Tomoko Kurita, Keiko Yanagihara, Hiroyuki Takei, Miyuki Matsubara
    Open Journal of Medical Imaging.2017; 07(03): 112.     CrossRef
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    Young-Sil An, Doo Kyoung Kang, Yongsik Jung, Tae Hee Kim
    Medicine.2017; 96(45): e8557.     CrossRef
  • Trends in the Application of Postmastectomy Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer With 1 to 3 Positive Axillary Nodes and Tumors ≤5 cm in the Modern Treatment Era
    Jee Suk Chang, Jung Eun Choi, Min Ho Park, Sung Hoo Jung, Byung Ock Choi, Hyung Seok Park, Seho Park, Yong Bae Kim
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    Tomoko Higuchi, Arisa Nishimukai, Hiromi Ozawa, Yukie Fujimoto, Ayako Yanai, Yoshimasa Miyagawa, Keiko Murase, Michiko Imamura, Yuichi Takatsuka, Kazuhiro Kitajima, Kazuhito Fukushima, Yasuo Miyoshi
    The Breast.2016; 30: 5.     CrossRef
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Overexpression of SOX2 Is Associated with Better Overall Survival in Squamous Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Adjuvant Radiotherapy
Hong In Yoon, Kyu Hyun Park, Eun-Jung Lee, Ki Chang Keum, Chang Geol Lee, Chul Hoon Kim, Yong Bae Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):473-482.   Published online August 12, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.116
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the prognostic significance of SOX2 gene amplification and expression in patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage III lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who underwent surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy.
Materials and Methods
Pathological specimens were obtained from 33 patients with stage III lung SCC treated with surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy between 1996 and 2008. SOX2 gene amplification and protein expression were analyzed using fluorescent in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Patients were divided into two groups according to their SOX2 gene amplification and protein expression status. Kaplan-Meier estimates and a Cox proportional hazards model were used to identify the prognostic factors affecting patient survival.
Results
The median follow-up period for surviving patientswas 58 months (range, 5 to 102 months). SOX2 gene amplification was observed in 22 patients and protein overexpression in 26 patients. SOX2 overexpression showed significant association with SOX2 gene amplification (p=0.002). In multivariate analysis, SOX2 overexpression was a significant prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) (hazard ratios [HR], 0.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.002 to 0.5; p=0.005) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.65; p=0.01). Age (HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.98; p=0.046) and total radiation dose (HR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.7; p=0.02) were the independent prognostic factors for OS and DFS. Patients with SOX2 amplification did not show a longer OS (p=0.95) and DFS (p=0.48).
Conclusion
Our data suggested that SOX2 overexpression could be used as a positive prognostic factor in patients with stage III lung SCC receiving adjuvant radiotherapy.

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    Anushka Pravin Chawhan, Norine Dsouza
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Restoration of Wild - type p53 Induces Chemo-sensitization in the Gastric Cancer Cell Line with Mutant p53
Ho Young Maeng, Sun Young Rha, Byung Soh Min, Yong Bae Kim, Hyun Joo Kwak, Tae Soo Kim, Kyu Hyun Park, Nae Choon Yoo, Ho Young Lim, Jin Hyuk Choi, Joo Hang Kim, Jae Kyung Roh, Jin Sik Min, Byung Soo Kim, Hyun Cheol Chung
J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(3):497-507.
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
It has been theorized that p53 may be involved in the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. We evaluated the chemosensitivity of wild p53 after transduction into gastric cancer cell lines with mutant p53.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
YCC-3(parent cell line with mutant p53), YCC-3v(parent cell line transduced with vector alone) and YCC-3C3(clone with wild p53) cell lines were used in this study. p53 protein expression was measured by ELISA assay. Tumorigenicity and drug sensitivity were evaluated by soft agar and proliferation assay, respectively. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flowcytometry. Telomerase activity was measured by TRAP assay and terminal restriction fragment(TRF) length was measured after Southern blot analysis.
RESULTS
Even though p53 production from the YCC-3C3 cell line was three times higher than those of YCC-3 and YCC-3v cell lines, the cell cycle was the same in these three cell lines. In the YCC-3C3 cell line, drug sensitivity to etoposide and cisplatin was increased when we compared it to those of the YCC-3v cell line(etoposide, 50% versus 83%; cisplatin, 67% versus 83%). However, there was no chemo-sensitization effect with vincristine, vinblastine and carboplatin. After exposure to cisplatin, a G0/G1 check-point effect was found in the YCC-3C3 cell line, but not in the YCC-3v cell line. No differences were found in telomerase activity, TRFs length or DNA fragmentation between the YCC-3v and YCC-3C3 cell lines after cisplatin treatment.
CONCLUSION
Wild-type p53 gene transduction in the gastric cancer cell line induced sensitization to the cytotoxicity of etoposide and cisplatin. This suggests the possible application of combined chemo-gene therapy with an EP regimen and wild-type p53 in gastric cancer patients with p53 mutation.
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Midkine Gene Expression in Gastric Cancer Tissues
Hyun Joo Kwak, Yong Bae Kim, Byung Soh Min, Ho Young Maeng, Sung Hoon Song, Hye Weon Chung, Tae Soo Kim, Hei Cheol Chung, Sun Young Rha, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sung Hoon Noh, Joo Hang Kim, Jae Kyung Roh, Jin Sik Min, Byung Soo Kim
J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(2):204-211.
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
We evaluated the clinical significance of the tumor growth factor, midkine (MK), in paired gastric cancer and normal tissues.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty paired normal and cancer tissues were tested for MK mRNA expression by Northern blot analysis. Vessel staining was done by immunohistochemical staining using CD-31 monoclonal antibody (Dako).
RESULTS
MK mRNA was mainly expressed in cancer tissues (11 versus 1). Lymph node metastasis, pathological stage and tumor differentiation did not correlate with MK expression. However, MK expression rate increased with increment in tumor size (p=0.05). Microvascular density did not correlate with tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, and pathological stages. However, there was a tendency of vascular density increment with MK expression in T1-T2 stage.
CONCLUSION
MK was mainly expressed in larger gastric cancer tissues suggesting its role in cancer growth in vivo. But no definite correlation between MK expression and tumor microvascular density was found.
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