Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Evaluation of Nomenclature of Fatty Liver Disease in Association with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A 14.5-Year Cohort Study in Korea: Tung Hoang, Jeonghee Lee, Bo Hyun Kim, Yuri Cho, Jeongseon Kim; Received September 7, 2024 Accepted February 10, 2025 Published online February 11, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.876 [Accepted]

Purpose
New nomenclature has incorporated metabolic traits and/or alcohol intake history to replace nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Concerning the performance of different terminologies in Asian population, this study aimed to investigate the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in persons meeting the criteria for subclasses of fatty liver disease.
Materials and Methods
Between 2002 and 2021, 28,749 participants from the cancer registry linkage, who had no prior history of HCC, were prospectively included. Fatty liver disease was defined using abdominal sonography and fatty liver index. Participants were classified as having NAFLD, metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), steatotic liver disease with increased alcohol intake (MetALD), or alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and their association with HCC risk was investigated using Cox regression models.
Results
During a median follow-up of 14.5 years, 166 HCC cases were newly diagnosed. The prevalences of NAFLD and MASLD were 19.7% and 18.7%, respectively, whereas MAFLD was observed in 35.2% of the study population. Given the low proportion of excessive alcohol consumption, we identified 3.3% MetALD and 3.5% ALD cases. Overall, MAFLD was suggestively associated with HCC risk (hazard ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval 0.99-1.98). In contrast, the results for other nomenclature were not significant.
Conclusion
Our results suggest the importance of both fatty liver and the presence of metabolic dysfunction in relation to HCC risk and the need to reconsider alcohol intake thresholds in the diagnostic criteria for NAFLD and MASLD within the Korean population.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Dual etiology vs. MetALD: how MAFLD and MASLD address liver diseases coexistence
Shadi Zerehpooshnesfchi, Amedeo Lonardo, Jian-Gao Fan, Reda Elwakil, Tawesak Tanwandee, Munira Y. Altarrah, Necati Örmeci, Mohammed Eslam
Metabolism and Target Organ Damage.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Comment on " posttreatment FIB-4 score change predicts hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C patients: Findings from the Taiwan hepatitis C registry program"
Junwei Guo, Dongsheng Huang
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
MAFLD vs. MASLD: a year in review
Mingqian Jiang, Amna Subhan Butt, Ian Homer Cua, Ziyan Pan, Said A Al-Busafi, Nahum Méndez-Sánchez, Mohammed Eslam
Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism.2025; : 1. CrossRef

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Gastrointestinal cancer

Descriptive Analysis of Gastric Cancer Mortality in Korea, 2000-2020: Tung Hoang, Hyeongtaek Woo, Sooyoung Cho, Jeeyoo Lee, Sayada Zartasha Kazmi, Aesun Shin; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):603-617. Published online September 6, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.307

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study aimed to examine secular trends, age-period-cohort effects, and geographical differences in gastric cancer (GC) mortality in Korea.
Materials and Methods
Using cause of death data from the Korean Statistical Information Service for GC from 2000 to 2020, we calculated average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) in the age-standardized mortality of GC in 17 cities and provinces through joinpoint regression. Decomposition of age, period, and cohort effects on GC mortality were elucidated by applying a log-linear model and an intrinsic estimate method. Spatial patterns and the degree of spatial clustering in 250 administrative regions were explored via Moran’s I statistics. Stratification by sex was performed for all analyses.
Results
The age-standardized mortality of GC per 100,000 persons declined from 29.0 in 2000 to 7.9 in 2020 (AAPC, -6.28%). Age-period-cohort analyses of GC mortality showed a downward trend among five-year age groups from age 20-89 years across five-year periods from 2005-2020 and five-year birth cohorts from 1920-2000. Overall, the younger birth cohort showed lower mortality rates than the older cohort within the same period. In 2020, clusters of high GC mortality were observed in the central area for men (Chungcheongbuk, Jeollabuk, Gyeongsangbuk, and Gyeongsangnam) and in the eastern area for women (Gyeongsangbuk).
Conclusion
This study identified a downward trend in GC mortality among men and women from 2000 to 2020 in Korea. This trend was mainly attributed to birth cohort rather than period effects. Spatial analysis showed high GC mortality in the Chungcheong and Gyeongsangbuk areas.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Efficacy and safety of herbal medicine treatment on postsurgical recovery in gastric cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Soo-Dam Kim, Sook-Jin Pyo, Dong-Hyeon Kim, Hwa-Seung Yoo, So-Jung Park
Medicine.2025; 104(1): e41034. CrossRef
Expression of claudin 18.2 in poorly cohesive carcinoma and its association with clinicopathologic parameters in East Asian patients
Moonsik Kim, Byung Woog Kang, Jihyun Park, Jin Ho Baek, Jong Gwang Kim
Pathology - Research and Practice.2024; 263: 155628. CrossRef
Updated Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer in Asia: Decreased Incidence but Still a Big Challenge
Wing Sum Shin, Fuda Xie, Bonan Chen, Peiyao Yu, Jun Yu, Ka Fai To, Wei Kang
Cancers.2023; 15(9): 2639. CrossRef

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General

Genetic Susceptibility of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in Six Common Cancers and Possible Impacts on COVID-19: Tung Hoang, Trung Quang Nguyen, Tho Thi Anh Tran; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):650-656. Published online December 29, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.950

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread worldwide rapidly and patients with cancer have been considered as a vulnerable group for this infection. This study aimed to examine the expressions of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) in tumor tissues of six common cancer types.
Materials and Methods
The expression levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in tumors and control samples were obtained from online databases. Survival prognosis and biological functions of these genes were investigated for each tumor type.
Results
There was the overexpression of ACE2 in colon and stomach adenocarcinomas compared to controls, meanwhile colon and prostate adenocarcinomas showed a significantly higher expression of TMPRSS2. Additionally, survival prognosis analysis has demonstrated that upregulation of ACE2 in liver hepatocellular carcinoma was associated with higher overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.65; p=0.016) and disease-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.66; p=0.007), while overexpression of TMPRSS2 was associated with a 26% reduced risk of death in lung adenocarcinoma (p=0.047) but 50% increased risk of death in breast invasive carcinoma (p=0.015).
Conclusion
There is a need to take extra precautions for COVID-19 in patients with colorectal cancer, stomach cancer, and lung cancer. Further information on other types of cancer at different stages should be investigated.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

TMPRSS2 as a Key Player in Viral Pathogenesis: Influenza and Coronaviruses
Gilmara Barros de Lima, Everton Nencioni, Fábio Thimoteo, Camila Perea, Rafaela Fuzaro Alves Pinto, Sergio Daishi Sasaki
Biomolecules.2025; 15(1): 75. CrossRef
The underlying mechanism behind the different outcomes of COVID-19 in children and adults
Zifang Shang, Ling Huang, Shijie Qin
Frontiers in Immunology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
In vitro analysis suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection differentially modulates cancer-like phenotypes and cytokine expression in colorectal and prostate cancer cells
Alberta Serwaa, Fatima Oyawoye, Irene Amoakoh Owusu, Daniel Dosoo, Aaron Adom Manu, Augustine Kojo Sobo, Kwadwo Fosu, Charles Ochieng Olwal, Peter Kojo Quashie, Anastasia Rosebud Aikins
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Impacts of COVID-19 in Breast Cancer: From Molecular Mechanism to the Treatment Approach
Maria Carolina Stipp, Claudia Rita Corso, Alexandra Acco
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology.2023; 24(2): 238. CrossRef
A Multigene-Panel Study Identifies Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Prostate Cancer Risk
Maria Antonietta Manca, Fabio Scarpa, Davide Cossu, Elena Rita Simula, Daria Sanna, Stefano Ruberto, Marta Noli, Hajra Ashraf, Tatiana Solinas, Massimo Madonia, Roberto Cusano, Leonardo A. Sechi
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(8): 7594. CrossRef
Covid-19 And Cancer: Insights Into Their Association And Influence On Genetic And Epigenetic Landscape
Mrinal K Ghosh, Sunny Kumar, Kirat K Ganguly, Pratyay Ghosh, Shaheda Tabassum, Bhaskar Basu, Malini Basu
Epigenomics.2023; 15(4): 227. CrossRef
Bioinformatics approach to identify common gene signatures of patients with coronavirus 2019 and lung adenocarcinoma
Xiao Liang, Yali Chen, Yuchao Fan
Environmental Science and Pollution Research.2022; 29(15): 22012. CrossRef
Multi‐omics of the expression and clinical outcomes of TMPRSS2 in human various cancers: A potential therapeutic target for COVID‐19
Li Liu, Ju‐Fang Qin, Man‐Zhen Zuo, Quan Zhou
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine.2022; 26(3): 709. CrossRef
A Novel Prognostic Signature for Survival Prediction and Immune Implication Based on SARS-CoV-2–Related Genes in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Yongbiao Huang, Sheng Chen, Lingyan Xiao, Wan Qin, Long Li, Yali Wang, Li Ma, Xianglin Yuan
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Potential therapeutic strategies for quercetin targeting critical pathological mechanisms associated with colon adenocarcinoma and COVID-19
Xiushen Li, Weizheng Liang, Chengwei Yu, Qingxue Meng, Weiwen Zhang, Xueliang Wu, Jun Xue, Shoulong Deng, Hao Wang
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessing the Vulnerability of Cancer Patients for COVID-19
Saloni Bhatia, Padmini Gokhale, Teesta Katte, Shreeshanthi Acharya, Avinash Arvind Rasalkar, Soumya Vidapanakal, Ram Manas, Sampath Chinnam, Prathibha Narayanan, Ashok Kumar Shettihalli, Vijayakumar Kadappa, Divijendra Natha Reddy Sirigiri
ACS Omega.2022; 7(40): 35735. CrossRef
Biological effects of COVID-19 on lung cancer: Can we drive our decisions
Beatrice Aramini, Valentina Masciale, Anna Valeria Samarelli, Roberto Tonelli, Stefania Cerri, Enrico Clini, Franco Stella, Massimo Dominici
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
COVID-19 and Malignancy: Exploration of the possible genetic and epigenetic interlinks and overview of the vaccination scenario
Shomoita Sayed
Cancer Treatment and Research Communications.2021; 28: 100425. CrossRef
Neuropilin-1: A feasible link between liver pathologies and COVID-19
Aitor Benedicto, Iñigo García-Kamiruaga, Beatriz Arteta
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 27(24): 3516. CrossRef

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Endocrine Cancer

Association among Body Mass Index, Genetic Variants of FTO, and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study of the Cancer Screenee Cohort in Korea: Tung Hoang, Dayoung Song, Jeonghee Lee, Eun Kyung Lee, Yul Hwangbo, Jeongseon Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):857-873. Published online December 7, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.720

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Obesity has been determined to be associated with fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene and thyroid cancer risk. However, the effect of combined interactions between obesity and the FTO gene on thyroid cancer needs further investigation. This study aimed to examine whether interactions between body mass index (BMI) and the FTO gene are associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer.
Materials and Methods
A total of 705 thyroid cancer cases and 705 sex- and age-matched normal controls were selected from the Cancer Screenee Cohort in National Cancer Center, Korea. A conditional logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the measure of associations and the combined effect of BMI and FTO gene on thyroid cancer.
Results
BMI was associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer in subclasses of overweight (23-24.9 kg/m²; adjusted OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.00) and obese (≥ 25 kg/m²) (adjusted OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.14). There were positive associations between the FTO genetic variants rs8047395 and rs8044769 and an increased risk of thyroid cancer. Additionally, the combination of BMI subclasses and FTO gene variants was significantly associated with thyroid cancer risk in the codominant (rs17817288), dominant (rs9937053, rs12149832, rs1861867, and rs7195539), and recessive (rs17817288 and rs8044769) models.
Conclusion
Findings from this study identified the effects of BMI on thyroid cancer risk among individuals carrying rs17817288, rs9937053, rs12149832, rs1861867, rs7195539, and rs8044769, whereas the effects of BMI may be modified according to individual characteristics of other FTO variants.

Citations

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Polymorphisms in the FTO Gene and Their Association With Cancer Risk: A Comprehensive Review and Meta‐Analysis
Fengran Guo, Yilong Gao, Hu Wang, Pengfei Zhou, Yanping Zhang, Zhihai Teng, Yaxuan Wang, Zhenwei Han
Cancer Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring the Link between BMI and Aggressive Histopathological Subtypes in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma—Insights from a Multicentre Retrospective Study
Giacomo Di Filippo, Gian Luigi Canu, Giovanni Lazzari, Dorin Serbusca, Eleonora Morelli, Paolo Brazzarola, Leonardo Rossi, Benard Gjeloshi, Mariangela Caradonna, George Kotsovolis, Ioannis Pliakos, Efthymios Poulios, Theodosios Papavramidis, Federico Capp
Cancers.2024; 16(7): 1429. CrossRef
Analysis of Body Mass Index and Clinicopathological Factors in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Wei Yan, Xue Luo, Qing-Jun Gao, Bing-Feng Chen, Hui Ye
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity.2024; Volume 17: 2013. CrossRef
Human adipose-derived stem cells promote migration of papillary thyroid cancer cell via leptin pathway
Bo-Tao Zhang, Ying Li, Qi-Lan Jiang, Rui Jiang, Yang Zeng, Jun Jiang
Annals of Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The association of obesity with thyroid carcinoma risk
Xiao‐Ni Ma, Cheng‐Xu Ma, Li‐Jie Hou, Song‐Bo Fu
Cancer Medicine.2022; 11(4): 1136. CrossRef
Seaweed and Iodine Intakes and SLC5A5 rs77277498 in Relation to Thyroid Cancer
Tung Hoang, Eun Kyung Lee, Jeonghee Lee, Yul Hwangbo, Jeongseon Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 37(3): 513. CrossRef
Low-Level Environmental Mercury Exposure and Thyroid Cancer Risk Among Residents Living Near National Industrial Complexes in South Korea: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Seyoung Kim, Sang-Hwan Song, Chul-Woo Lee, Jung-Taek Kwon, Eun Young Park, Jin-Kyoung Oh, Hyun-Jin Kim, Eunjung Park, Byungmi Kim
Thyroid.2022; 32(9): 1118. CrossRef
Association between Obesity Indexes and Thyroid Cancer Risk in Korean Women: Nested Case–Control Study
Yoonyoung Jang, Taehwa Kim, Brian H. S. Kim, Boyoung Park
Cancers.2022; 14(19): 4712. CrossRef
FTO Gene Polymorphisms Contribute to the Predisposition and Radiotherapy Efficiency of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Feng Xiao, Jianrong Zhou
Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine.2021; Volume 14: 1239. CrossRef

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Dietary Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids and Endocrine-related Gynecological Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies: Tung Hoang, Seung-Kwon Myung, Thu Thi Pham; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1022-1032. Published online October 17, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.473; Retraction in: Cancer Res Treat 2020;52(1):334

9,262 View
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