Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Lung and Thoracic cancer

Intrathoracic Progression Is Still the Most Dominant Failure Pattern after First-Line Chemo-immunotherapy in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Implications for Thoracic Radiotherapy: Dowook Kim, Hak Jae Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Joo Ho Lee, Suzy Kim, Tae Min Kim, Jin-Soo Kim, Byoung Hyuck Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):430-441. Published online November 6, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.931

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Purpose
This study aimed to compare the failure patterns before and after the introduction of immunotherapy and to determine the role of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) treatment.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 294 patients with ES-SCLC, of which 62.2% underwent chemotherapy alone, 13.3% underwent chemotherapy followed by consolidative TRT (TRT group), and 24.5% underwent chemotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI group). We performed propensity-score matching (PSM) to compare each treatment group.
Results
The median follow-up duration was 10.4 months. At the first relapse, in the cohort showing objective response, the proportion of cases showing intrathoracic progression was significantly lower in the TRT group (37.8%) than in the chemotherapy-alone (77.2%, p < 0.001) and the ICI (60.3%, p=0.03) groups. Furthermore, in the subgroup analysis, TRT showed benefits related to intrathoracic progression-free survival (PFS) in comparison with ICI in patients with less than two involved extrathoracic sites (p=0.008) or without liver metastasis (p=0.02) or pleural metastasis (p=0.005) at diagnosis. After PSM, the TRT group showed significantly better intrathoracic PFS than both chemotherapy-alone and ICI groups (p < 0.001 and p=0.04, respectively), but showed no significant benefit in terms of PFS and overall survival in comparison with the ICI group (p=0.17 and p=0.31, respectively).
Conclusion
In ES-SCLC, intrathoracic progression was the most dominant failure pattern after immunotherapy. In the era of chemoimmunotherapy, consolidative TRT can still be considered a useful treatment strategy for locoregional control.

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Radiotherapy(R) Integration(I) Strategy for Small(S)-Cell Lung Cancer in Extensive(E) Stage (RISE) with up to 10 metastases- a study protocol of a randomized phase II trial
Łukasz Kuncman, Jacek Fijuth, Damian Tworek, Ewa Sierko, Paweł Cisek, Michał Masłowski, Maja Lisik-Habib, Magdalena Orzechowska, Katarzyna Galwas-Kliber, Adam Antczak, Izabela Chmielewska, Barbara Ziółkowska, Marta Kurczewska-Michalak, Wojciech Kuźnicki,
BMC Cancer.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Combining Immunotherapy with Anlotinib in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Analysis of Efficacy and Safety
Guogang Gao, Meiling Sun, Zhongfei Yang, Jingyi Li, Huaijun Ji, Ge Yu
Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical outcomes and synergistic effect between radiotherapy and immunotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a real-world study
Meiling Sun, Huaijun Ji, Fang Deng, Jingyi Li, Ning Xu, Yu Li
BMC Cancer.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Efficacy of Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation According to the Risk of Extracranial Recurrence in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: Tae Hoon Lee, Joo-Hyun Chung, Hong-Gyun Wu, Suzy Kim, Joo Ho Lee, Bhumsuk Keam, Jin-Soo Kim, Ki Hwan Kim, Byoung Hyuck Kim, Hak Jae Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(3):875-884. Published online February 24, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1583

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Purpose
We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) for “early brain metastasis”, which occurs before extracranial recurrence (ECR), and “late brain metastasis”, which occurs after ECR, in limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC).
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 271 LS-SCLC patients who underwent definitive chemoradiation. All patients were initially staged with brain magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography. Intracranial recurrence (ICR), ECR, progression-free rate (PFR), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed as clinical endpoints. The competing risk of the first recurrence with ICR (ICRfirst) was evaluated. Significantly associated variables in multivariate analysis of ECR were considered as ECR risk factors. Patients were stratified according to the number of ECR risk factors.
Results
The application of PCI was associated with higher PFR (p=0.008) and OS (p=0.045). However, PCI was not associated with any of the clinical endpoints in multivariate analysis. The competing risk of ICRfirst was significantly decreased with the application of PCI (hazard ratio, 0.476; 95% confidence interval, 0.243 to 0.931; p=0.030). Stage III disease, sequential, and stable disease after thoracic radiation were selected as ECR risk factors. For patients without these risk factors, the application of PCI was significantly associated with increased OS (p=0.048) and a decreased risk of ICRfirst (p=0.026).
Conclusion
PCI may play a role in preventing early brain metastasis rather than late brain metastasis after ECR, suggesting that only patients with a low risk of ECR may currently benefit from PCI.

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Efficacy evaluation of prophylactic cranial irradiation for limited stage small‑cell lung cancer in the magnetic resonance imaging era: A meta‑analysis
Lihua Shao, Yumei Dong, Meiqiao Jiang, Haixia Song, Yuexiao Qi, Liyun Guo, Jinhui Tian, Shihong Wei
Oncology Letters.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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Analysis of Once-Daily Thoracic Radiotherapy Dose According to the Underlying Lung Disease in Patients with Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: Byoung Hyuck Kim, Joo-Hyun Chung, Jaeman Son, Suzy Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Hak Jae Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(1):73-82. Published online March 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1202

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Purpose
In the treatment of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in limited-stage small cell lung cancer, the optimal once-daily radiotherapy (RT) dose/fractionation remain unclear although it is the most frequently used. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the treatment outcomes and toxicities of modest dose RT (≤ 54 Gy) with those of standard dose RT (> 54 Gy) and investigate the benefit of the high dose based on patient factors.
Materials and Methods
Since 2004, our institution has gradually increased the thoracic RT dose. Among the 225 patients who underwent CCRT, 84 patients (37.3%) received > 54 Gy. Because the patients treated with RT > 54 Gy were not randomly assigned, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed.
Results
The proportion of patients treated with > 54 Gy increased over time (p=0.014). Multivariate analysis revealed that the overall tumor stage and dose > 54 Gy (hazard ratio, 0.65; p=0.029) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). PSM confirmed that thoracic RT doses of > 54 Gy showed significantly improved progression-free survival (3-year, 42.7% vs. 24.0%; p < 0.001) and OS (3-year, 56.2% vs. 38.5%; p=0.003). Sensitivity analysis also showed that 60 Gy resulted in better survival than 54 Gy. However, in patients with underlying lung disease, OS benefit from > 54 Gy was not observed but considerable rates of severe pulmonary toxicities were observed (p=0.001).
Conclusion
Our analysis supports that the 60 Gy RT dose should be considered in the once-daily regimen of CCRT for limited-stage small cell lung cancer without underlying lung disease, but RT dose > 54 Gy did not seem to benefit for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or interstitial lung disease. Further study is needed to validate these results.

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The Dose/Fractionation Debate in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Kaixin Du, Xuehong Liao, Kazushi Kishi
Cancers.2024; 16(10): 1908. CrossRef
Outcome of dose-escalated intensity-modulated radiotherapy for limited disease small cell lung cancer
Eunyeong Yang, Young Seob Shin, Ji Hyeon Joo, Wonsik Choi, Su Ssan Kim, Eun Kyung Choi, Jaeha Lee, Si Yeol Song
Radiation Oncology Journal.2023; 41(3): 199. CrossRef

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Breast cancer

The Pattern of Care for Brain Metastasis from Breast Cancer over the Past 10 Years in Korea: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (KROG 16-12): Jae Sik Kim, Kyubo Kim, Wonguen Jung, Kyung Hwan Shin, Seock-Ah Im, Hee-Jun Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Jee Suk Chang, Jee Hyun Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Yeon Hee Park, Dae Yong Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Byung Ock Choi, Sea-Won Lee, Suzy Kim, Jeanny Kwon, Ki Mun Kang, Woong-Ki Chung, Kyung Su Kim, Ji Ho Nam, Won Sup Yoon, Jin Hee Kim, Jihye Cha, Yoon Kyeong Oh, In Ah Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(4):1121-1129. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1083

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Purpose
We aimed to investigate manifestations and patterns of care for patients with brain metastasis (BM) from breast cancer (BC) and compared their overall survival (OS) from 2005 through 2014 in Korea.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 600 BC patients with BM diagnosed between 2005 and 2014. The median follow-up duration was 12.5 months. We categorized the patients into three groups according to the year when BM was initially diagnosed (group I [2005-2008], 98 patients; group II [2009-2011], 200 patients; and group III [2012-2014], 302 patients).
Results
Over time, the median age at BM diagnosis increased by 2.2 years (group I, 49.0 years; group II, 48.3 years; and group III, 51.2 years; p=0.008). The percentage of patients with extracranial metastasis was 73.5%, 83.5%, and 86.4% for group I, II, and III, respectively (p=0.011). The time interval between BC and BM was prolonged in patients with stage III primary BC (median, 2.4 to 3 years; p=0.029). As an initial brain-directed treatment, whole-brain radiotherapy alone decreased from 80.0% in 2005 to 41.1% in 2014. Meanwhile, stereotactic radiosurgery or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy alone increased from 13.3% to 34.7% during the same period (p=0.005). The median OS for group I, II, and III was 15.6, 17.9, and 15.0 months, respectively, with no statistical significance.
Conclusion
The manifestations of BM from BC and the pattern of care have changed from 2005 to 2014 in Korea. However, the OS has remained relatively unchanged over the 10 years.

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Comparison of initial and sequential salvage brain-directed treatment in patients with 1–4 vs. 5–10 brain metastases from breast cancer (KROG 16–12)
Jae Sik Kim, Kyubo Kim, Wonguen Jung, Kyung Hwan Shin, Seock-Ah Im, Hee-Jun Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Jee Suk Chang, Jee Hyun Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Yeon Hee Park, Dae Yong Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Byung Ock Choi, Sea-Won Lee, Suzy Kim, Jeanny Kwon, Ki Mun Kang, Woong-Ki C
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 200(1): 37. CrossRef

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Head and Neck cancer

Radiotherapy versus Surgery in Early-Stage HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer: Dong-Yun Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Jin Ho Kim, Joo Ho Lee, Soon-Hyun Ahn, Eun-Jae Chung, Keun-Yong Eom, Young Ho Jung, Woo-Jin Jeong, Tack-Kyun Kwon, Suzy Kim, Chan Woo Wee; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):406-416. Published online June 23, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.441

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Purpose
This study aimed to compare the outcomes of primary radiotherapy (RT) versus surgery in early-stage human papilloma virus–positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (hpv+OPC), and investigate the preoperative clinical factors that can predict the requirement for postoperative adjuvant treatment.
Materials and Methods
This multicenter study included 166 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition-Stages I-II hpv+OPC. Sixty (36.1%) and 106 (63.9%) patients underwent primary (concurrent chemo)radiotherapy [(CC)RT] and surgery, respectively. Seventy-eight patients (73.6%) in the surgery group received postoperative (CC)RT.
Results
With a median follow-up of 45.6 months for survivors, the 2-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and locoregional control (LC) for RT/surgery were 97.8%/96.4%, 91.1%/92.0%, and 92.9%/93.3%, respectively. In multivariate analyses, patients with synchronous radiologic extranodal extension and conglomeration (ENEcong) of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) showed significantly poorer OS (p=0.047), PFS (p=0.001), and LC (p=0.003). In patients undergoing primary surgery, two or more clinically positive LN metastases (odds ratio [OR], 5.15; p=0.004) and LN metastases with ENEcong (OR, 3.75; p=0.009) were predictors of postoperative chemoradiotherapy. No patient in the primary RT group demonstrated late severe toxicity whereas three (2.8%), one (0.9%), and one (0.9%) patient in the surgery group showed grade 3 dysphagia, grade 3 xerostomia, and fatal oral cavity bleeding.
Conclusion
We found no differences in OS, PFS, and LC between upfront RT and surgery in stage I-II hpv+OPC which warrants comparison through a prospective trial in the treatment de-escalation era. However, most early-stage hpv+OPC patients undergoing surgery received adjuvant (CC)RT. Pretreatment LN findings were prognostic and predictive for adjuvant treatment.

Citations

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Definitive radio(chemo)therapy versus upfront surgery in the treatment of HPV-related localized or locally advanced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Jérémy Baude, Caroline Guigou, David Thibouw, Noémie Vulquin, Mireille Folia, Guillaume Constantin, Jihane Boustani, Christian Duvillard, Sylvain Ladoire, Gilles Truc, Aurélie Bertaut, Cédric Chevalier, Scott M. Langevin
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(7): e0307658. CrossRef
INFLUENCE OF CONFORMAL RADIOTHERAPY IN COMBINATION WITH RADIOMODIFIERS ON THE CONTENT OF VEGF, COX-2, AND PGE-2 IN BLOOD SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
N. MITRYAYEVA, L. GREBINYK, S. ARTIUKH, N. BILOZOR, V. STARENKIY
Experimental Oncology.2024; 46(3): 253. CrossRef
Assessment of Radiologic Extranodal Extension Using Combinatorial Analysis of Nodal Margin Breakdown and Metastatic Burden in Oropharyngeal Cancer
Sungryeal Kim, Hannah Park, Se Hyun Yeou, Jin Roh, Yoo Seob Shin, Chul-Ho Kim, Eun Ju Ha, Jeon Yeob Jang
Cancers.2023; 15(13): 3276. CrossRef
Expanding the role of combined immunochemotherapy and immunoradiotherapy in the management of head and neck cancer (Review)
Chun Wei, Xiaojun Lan, Maona Qiu, Ran Cui, Qiuxia Fu, Shafiu Umar Shinge, Tobias Muluh, Ou Jiang
Oncology Letters.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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3 Web of Science
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Incorporating Risk Factors to Identify the Indication of Post-mastectomy Radiotherapy in N1 Breast Cancer Treated with Optimal Systemic Therapy: A Multicenter Analysis in Korea (KROG 14-23): Hae Jin Park, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jin Ho Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Ja Young Kim, Won Park, Yong Bae Kim, Yeon-joo Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Ran Park, Hyun Soo Shin, Bae Kwon Jeong, Sun Young Lee, Suzy Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):739-747. Published online October 19, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.405

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Purpose
In a recent meta-analysis, post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) reduced any first recurrence (AFR) and improved survival in N1 and N2 patients. We investigated risk factors for AFR in N1 after optimal systemic therapy without PMRT, to define a subgroup of patients who may benefit from PMRT.
Materials and Methods
One thousand three hundred eighty-two pT1-2N1M0 breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy without PMRT between 2005 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Only 0.6% had no systemic therapy.
Results
After a median follow-up of 5.9 years, there were 173 AFR (53 loco-regional recurrence [LRR] without distant metastases [DM], 38 LRR with DM, and 82 DM without LRR). The 5-year LRR and AFR rates were 6.1% and 12.0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that close resection margin (p=0.001) was the only independent risk factor for LRR. Multivariate analysis for AFR revealed that age < 35 years (p=0.025), T2 stage (p=0.004), high tumor grade (p=0.032), close resection margin (p=0.035), and triple-negative biological subtype (p=0.031) were independent risk factors. Two or three positive lymph nodes (p=0.078) were considered a marginally significant factor. When stratified by these six factors, the 5-year LRR rates were 3.6% with 0-1 (n=606), 7.5% with 2-3 (n=655), and 12.7% with 4-6 (n=93) risk factors. The 5-year AFR rates were 7.1% with 0-1, 15.0% with 2-3, and 24.5% with 4-6 risk factors.
Conclusion
Patients with pT1-2N1M0 breast cancer who underwent mastectomy and optimal systemic therapy showed excellent loco-regional control and disease control. The patients with four or more risk factors may benefit from PMRT, and those with two or three risk factors merit consideration of PMRT.

Citations

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Clinical treatment score Post-5 Years (CTS5) predicts the benefit of postmastectomy radiotherapy in patients with T1-2N1 luminal breast cancer
Ke Liu, Guan-Qiao Li, Si-Qi Li, Xue-Qin Chen, San-Gang Wu
The Breast.2025; 79: 103873. CrossRef
Who can benefit from postmastectomy radiotherapy among HR+/HER2- T1-2 N1M0 breast cancer patients? An explainable machine learning mortality prediction based approach
Long Jin, Qifan Zhao, Shenbo Fu, Yuan Zhang, Shuhan Wu, Xiao Li, Fei Cao
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessment of Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy Receipt by Age and Association With Outcomes in Women With Breast Cancer
Carolina E. Fasola, Elaina Graham, Wei Sha, Courtney R. Schepel, Sally J. Trufan, Anna Hecksher, Richard L. White, Lejla Hadzikadic-Gusic
Clinical Breast Cancer.2024; 24(5): e396. CrossRef
The significance of risk stratification through nomogram-based assessment in determining postmastectomy radiotherapy for patients diagnosed with pT1 − 2N1M0 breast cancer
Chao Wei, Jie Kong, Huina Han, Xue Wang, Zimeng Gao, Danyang Wang, Andu Zhang, Jun Zhang, Zhikun Liu
Radiation Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Development and validation of nomograms for predicting survival outcomes in patients with T1-2N1 breast cancer to identify those who could not benefit from postmastectomy radiotherapy
Hongyu Pu, Yunbo Luo, Linxing Zhang, Xin Li, Fangwei Li, Jingtai Chen, Shuangqiang Qian, Yunhui Tang, Xiaobo Zhao, Lingmi Hou, Yanchun Gao
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Postmastectomy radiotherapy in patients with T1-2N1 breast cancer: a single center experience and a meta-analysis
Meng Luo, Yao Jin, Chunjing Xu, Huihui Chen, Kun Zhang, Qiang Chen, Chencan Jin, Jinglu Lu, Jing Wang, Jia Huang, Hao Deng, Weili Jin, Shu Zheng, Yiding Chen, Jiaojiao Zhou
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2023; 149(12): 9979. CrossRef
Developing prompts from large language model for extracting clinical information from pathology and ultrasound reports in breast cancer
Hyeon Seok Choi, Jun Yeong Song, Kyung Hwan Shin, Ji Hyun Chang, Bum-Sup Jang
Radiation Oncology Journal.2023; 41(3): 209. CrossRef
The Role of Post-Mastectomy Radiotherapy in T1-2N1 Breast Cancer Patients: Propensity Score Matched Analysis
Kangpyo Kim, Won Park, Haeyoung Kim, Won Kyung Cho, Nalee Kim, Seok Jin Nam, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Jonghan Yu, Byung Joo Chae, Se Kyung Lee, Jai Min Ryu
Cancers.2023; 15(22): 5473. CrossRef
Immediate breast reconstruction has no impact on the oncologic outcomes of patients treated with post-mastectomy radiation therapy: a comparative analysis based on propensity score matching
Nalee Kim, Haeyoung Kim, Won Park, Doo Ho Choi, Won Kyung Cho, Seok Jin Nam, Jeong Eon Lee, Seok Won Kim, Jonghan Yu, Sei Kyung Lee, Byung-Joon Jeon, Jai Kyong Pyon, Goo-Hyun Mun, Tae Gyu Kim
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2022; 192(1): 101. CrossRef
Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy in Patients With Minimally Involved Lymph Nodes: A Review of the Current Data and Future Directions
Bum-Sup Jang, Kyung Hwan Shin
Journal of Breast Cancer.2022; 25(1): 1. CrossRef
Practical Model to Optimize the Strategy of Adjuvant Postmastectomy Radiotherapy in T1-2N1 Breast Cancer With Modern Systemic Therapy
Fei-Fei Xu, Lu Cao, Cheng Xu, Gang Cai, Shu-Bei Wang, Wei-Xiang Qi, Jia-Yi Chen
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of age as a continuous variable on the prognosis of patients with pT1-2N1 breast cancer
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The Breast.2022; 66: 136. CrossRef
Suggestion for the omission of post-mastectomy chest wall radiation therapy in patients who underwent skin-sparing/nipple-sparing mastectomy
Nalee Kim, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Hae Young Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Seok Jin Nam, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Jonghan Yu, Byung Joo Chae, Se Kyung Lee, Jai Min Ryu, Goo-Hyun Mun, Jai-Kyong Pyon, Byung-Joon Jeon
The Breast.2022; 66: 54. CrossRef
Protocol for the postoperative radiotherapy in N1 breast cancer patients (PORT-N1) trial, a prospective multicenter, randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial of patients receiving breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy
Tae Hoon Lee, Ji Hyun Chang, Bum-Sup Jang, Jae Sik Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Won Park, Yong Bae Kim, Su Ssan Kim, Wonshik Han, Han-Byoel Lee, Kyung Hwan Shin
BMC Cancer.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Guang-Yi Sun, Ge Wen, Yu-Jing Zhang, Yu Tang, Hao Jing, Hui Fang, Jian-Yang Wang, Jiang-Hu Zhang, Xu-Ran Zhao, Si-Ye Chen, Yong-Wen Song, Jing Jin, Yue-Ping Liu, Yuan Tang, Shu-Nan Qi, Ning Li, Bo Chen, Ning-Ning Lu, Ye-Xiong Li, Shu-Lian Wang
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Jia-ming Zhao, Qi An, Chao-nan Sun, Yu-bing Li, Zi-lan Qin, Hong Guo, Xue Zeng, Yao-tian Zhang, Lin-lin Wei, Ning Han, Shi-chen Sun, Na Zhang
Breast Cancer.2021; 28(2): 298. CrossRef
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Niuniu Hou, Juliang Zhang, Lu Yang, Ying Wu, Zhe Wang, Mingkun Zhang, Li Yang, Guangdong Hou, Jianfeng Wu, Yidi Wang, Bingyao Dong, Lili Guo, Mei Shi, Rui Ling
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Mastectomy alone for pT1-2 pN0-1 breast cancer patients: when postmastectomy radiotherapy is indicated
Maria Cristina Leonardi, Ida Rosalia Scognamiglio, Patrick Maisonneuve, Samantha Dicuonzo, Damaris Patricia Rojas, Maria Alessia Zerella, Anna Morra, Marianna Alessandra Gerardi, Mattia Zaffaroni, Alessandra De Scalzi, Antonia Girardi, Francesca Magnoni,
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Impact of clinical-pathological factors on locoregional recurrence in mastectomy patients with T1-2N1 breast cancer: who can omit adjuvant radiotherapy?
Xiaofang Wang, Li Zhang, Xiaomeng Zhang, Jurui Luo, Xuanyi Wang, Xingxing Chen, Zhaozhi Yang, Xin Mei, Xiaoli Yu, Zhen Zhang, Xiaomao Guo, Zhimin Shao, Jinli Ma
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Evaluation of the 8th edition of the American joint committee on cancer’s pathological staging system in prognosis assessment and treatment decision making for stage T1-2N1 breast cancer after mastectomy
San-Gang Wu, Jun Wang, Chen-Lu Lian, Jian Lei, Li Hua, Qin Lin, Yong-Xiong Chen, Zhen-Yu He
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Yu Tang, Yu-Jing Zhang, Na Zhang, Mei Shi, Ge Wen, Jing Cheng, Hong-Mei Wang, Min Liu, Xiao-Hu Wang, Qi-Shuai Guo, Hong-Fen Wu, Chang-Ying Ma, Jing Jin, Yue-Ping Liu, Yong-Wen Song, Hui Fang, Hua Ren, Shu-Lian Wang, Ye-Xiong Li
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Effectiveness of the AJCC 8th edition staging system for selecting patients with T1–2N1 breast cancer for post-mastectomy radiotherapy: a joint analysis of 1986 patients from two institutions
Shulian Wang, Ge Wen, Yu Tang, Yong Yang, Hao Jing, Jianyang Wang, Jianghu Zhang, Xuran Zhao, Guangyi Sun, Jing Jin, Yongwen Song, Yueping Liu, Hui Fang, Yujing Zhang, Yexiong Li
BMC Cancer.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
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Filip Kaššák, Christine Rossier, Cristina Picardi, Jacques Bernier
The Breast.2019; 48: 73. CrossRef
Chest wall recurrence in pT1-2N0-1 breast cancer patients after mastectomy without radiotherapy
Ji Hyun Chang, Kyung Hwan Shin, Seung Do Ahn, Hae Jin Park, Eui Kyu Chie, Jin Ho Kim, Su Ssan Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Won Park, Yeon-Joo Kim, Hyun Soo Shin, Jin Hee Kim, Sun Young Lee, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Ran Park, Bae Kwon Jeong, Ja Young Kim, Suzy Kim
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Kyubo Kim, Hae Jin Park, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jin Ho Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Won Park, Seung Do Ahn, Su Ssan Kim, Dae Yong Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Jiyoung Kim
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Journal of Breast Cancer.2017; 20(3): 228. CrossRef
Predicting loco-regional recurrence risk in T1, T2 breast cancer with 1–3 positive axillary nodes postmastectomy: Development of a predictive nomogram
T Wadasadawala, S Kannan, S Gudi, A Rishi, A Budrukkar, V Parmar, T Shet, S Desai, S Gupta, R Badwe, R Sarin
Indian Journal of Cancer.2017; 54(1): 352. CrossRef

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Patterns of Failure after Postoperative Radiation Therapy for Endometrial Carcinoma: Suzy Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Hyo-Pyo Lee, Soon-Beom Kang, Yong-Sang Song, Noh-Hyun Park, Sung Whan Ha; Cancer Res Treat. 2006;38(3):133-138. Published online June 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2006.38.3.133

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Purpose

We tried to investigate the outcome and patterns of failure of endometrial cancer patients who were treated with surgery and postoperative radiation therapy (RT).

Materials and Methods

Eighty-three patients with endometrial cancer who received postoperative RT between May 1979 and August 2000 were included in this retrospective study. Forty-one patients received total abdominal hysterectomy, 41 patients received Wertheim's operation and 1 underwent vaginal hysterectomy. Pelvic lymph node dissection or pelvic lymph node sampling was done in 56 patients and peritoneal cytology was done in 35. All the patients were staged according to 1988 FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) staging system; 2 were stage IA, 23 were stage IB, 20 were stage IC, 4 were stage IIA, 5 were stage IIB, 9 were stage IIIA, 2 were stage IIIB and 18 were stage IIIC. The histologic diagnoses were adenocarcinoma in seventy-four patients (89%). The histologic grades were Grade 1, 2 and 3 in 21 (25%), 43 (52%) and 10 (12%) patients, respectively. All the patients received external beam RT (EBRT) with a median dose of 5,040 cGy (range: 4,500~5,075 cGy) to the whole pelvis. Five patients with pathologically confirmed paraaortic lymph node metastasis received 4500 cGy to the paraaortic lymph nodes. Fifteen patients received low-dose intracavitary brachytherapy after their EBRT. A total dose of 7,500~9,540 cGy (median dose: 8511) was prescribed to the vaginal surface.

Results

Overall, 11 patients (13%) experienced disease relapse: 4 with initial stage I or II disease and 7 with initial stage III disease. Among the 54 stage I or II patients, 1 (2%) relapsed in the pelvis only, 2 (4%) relapsed in the vagina and distant organs, and 1 (2%) relapsed in the paraaortic lymph nodes (PANs). Among the 29 stage III patients, 1 (3%) relapsed in the vagina. The most common sites of failure for the stage III patients were the peritoneum (3 patients, 10%), PANs (2 patients, 7%), and lung (2 patients, 7%). With a median follow-up period of 86 months, the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates at 5 years were 87% for both. The five-year DFS rate was 93%, 100% and 74% for the stage I, II and III patients, respectively. Three patients experienced severe radiation-related late complications: RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) grade 3 radiation cystitis was seen in one patient, and grade 3 bowel obstruction was seen in two patients.

Conclusions

Postoperative RT was useful for controlling pelvic disease. The major patterns of failure for stage III patients were peritoneal seeding and distant metastasis. Selective use of whole abdominal radiotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy may improve the therapeutic outcome of these patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Pattern of care and clinical outcome of patients with carcinoma endometrium and the impact of central histopathological review on management: A tertiary cancer centre experience
Rakhi Verma, Ajeet K. Gandhi, Madhup Rastogi, Vachaspati K. Mishra, Vikas Sharma, Akash Agarwal, Saumya Shukla, Rohini Khurana, Rahat Hadi, Anoop K. Srivastava, Nuzhat Husain
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2024; 20(5): 1557. CrossRef
Does Prophylactic Paraortic Lymph Node Irradiation Improve Outcomes in Women With Stage IIIC1 Endometrial Carcinoma?
Jennifer Yoon, Halle Fitzgerald, Yaqun Wang, Qingyang Wang, Irina Vergalasova, Mohamed A. Elshaikh, Irina Dimitrova, Shari Damast, Jessie Y. Li, Emma C. Fields, Sushil Beriwal, Andrew Keller, Elizabeth A. Kidd, Melissa Usoz, Shruti Jolly, Elizabeth Jawors
Practical Radiation Oncology.2022; 12(2): e123. CrossRef
Efficacy of Para-Aortic Lymphadenectomy in Early-Stage Endometrioid Uterine Corpus Cancer
Seo-Yun Tong, Jong-Min Lee, Jae-Kwan Lee, Jae Weon Kim, Chi-Heum Cho, Seok-Mo Kim, Sang-Yoon Park, Chan-Yong Park, Ki-Tae Kim
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2011; 18(5): 1425. CrossRef
Current status in the management of uterine corpus cancer in Korea
Nan-Hee Jeong, Jong-Min Lee, Seon-Kyung Lee
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology.2010; 21(3): 151. CrossRef

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The Safety and Efficacy of Second-line Single Docetaxel (75 mg/m²) Therapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients who were Previously Treated with Platinum-based Chemotherapy: Byoung Yong Shim, Chi Hong Kim, So Hyang Song, Meyung Im Ahn, Eun Jung Hong, Sung Whan Kim, Suzy Kim, Min Seop Jo, Deog Gon Cho, Kyu Do Cho, Jinyoung Yoo, Hoon-Kyo Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2005;37(6):339-343. Published online December 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2005.37.6.339

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

When used in the second-line setting, single-agent chemotherapy has produced response rates of more than 10% or median survival times greater than 4 months. We studied the safety and efficacy of using second-line single docetaxel (75 mg/m²) for advanced NSCLC patients who were previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy in Korea.

Materials and Methods

Thirty-three patients with advanced NSCLC received chemotherapy from May 2002 to January 2005. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of these patients. The patients received 75 mg/m² of doxetaxel on day 1 and this was repeated at 3-week intervals.

Results

The median age was 63 years (range: 42~77 years); 16 patients had adenocarcinoma and 8 patients had squamous cell carcinoma. The median number of cycles was 4 (range: 1~7 cycles). Of the 33 patients, 6 patients had partial responses, 13 patients had stable disease and 14 patients had progressive disease. The response rate was 18.2%. The median overall survival was 11 months (range: 7~15 months), and the median progression free survival was 5 months (range: 3~7 months). The median response duration was 5 months (range: 4~9 months). A total of 137 cycles were evaluated for toxicity. We observed grade 3 or 4 neutropenia in 79 cycles (57.6%), grade 3 or 4 leukopenia in 46 cycles (33.6%), and grade 3 febrile neutropenia in 2 cycles (1.5%). The median nadir day was day 9 (range: day 5~19), and the median number of G-CSF injections was 2 (range: 0~6). The most common non-hematologic toxicities were myalgia/arthralgia and neurotoxicity, but any grade 3 or 4 non-hematologic toxicity was not observed. The major toxicity of this therapy was neutropenia. The absolute neutrophil count decreased relatively rapidly, but neutropenic fever or related infection was rare. There were no treatment-related deaths.

Conclusion

These results revealed a satisfactory response rate (18.2%) with using docetaxel as the second-line chemotherapy for NSCLC. The second-line docetaxel was an active and well-tolerated regimen in patients with advanced NSCLC pretreated with platinum-based chemotherapy.

Citations

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Sintilimab plus docetaxel as second-line therapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer without targetable mutations: a phase II efficacy and biomarker study
Yongchang Zhang, Lianxi Song, Liang Zeng, Yi Xiong, Li Liu, Chunhua Zhou, Haiyan Yang, Zhan Wang, Qing Xia, Wenjuan Jiang, Qinqin Xu, Nong Yang
BMC Cancer.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Randomized phase II study comparing weekly docetaxel-cisplatin vs. gemcitabine-cisplatin in elderly or poor performance status patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
JoungSoon Jang, Hoon-Kyo Kim, Byoung Chul Cho, Kyung Hee Lee, Hwan-Jung Yun, In Sook Woo, Hong Suk Song, Hun-Mo Ryoo, Chi-Hong Kim, Der-Sheng Sun, Jong Wook Shin
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology.2017; 79(5): 873. CrossRef
Treatment of taxane acute pain syndrome (TAPS) in cancer patients receiving taxane-based chemotherapy—a systematic review
Ricardo Fernandes, Sasha Mazzarello, Habeeb Majeed, Stephanie Smith, Risa Shorr, Brian Hutton, Mohammed FK Ibrahim, Carmel Jacobs, Michael Ong, Mark Clemons
Supportive Care in Cancer.2016; 24(4): 1583. CrossRef
Weekly Low-Dose Docetaxel for Salvage Chemotherapy in Pretreated Elderly or Poor Performance Status Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Keun-Wook Lee, Joo Han Lim, Jee Hyun Kim, Choon-Taek Lee, Jong Seok Lee
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2008; 23(6): 992. CrossRef
Docetaxel Monotherapy as Second-Line Treatment for Pretreated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Yoon Ho Ko, Myung Ah Lee, Yeong Seon Hong, Kyung Shik Lee, Hyun Jin Park, Ie Ryung Yoo, Yeon Sil Kim, Young Kyoon Kim, Keon Hyun Jo, Young Pil Wang, Kyo Young Lee, Jin Hyoung Kang
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2007; 22(3): 178. CrossRef

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Enhancement of Radiation Effects by Flavopiridol in Uterine Cervix Cancer Cells: Suzy Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Jin Hee Shin, Hye Jin Park, In Ah Kim, Il Han Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2005;37(3):191-195. Published online June 30, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2005.37.3.191

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

To determine the effects of combinations of radiation and flavopiridol, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases and global transcription, in a human uterine cervix cancer cell line.

Materials and Methods

Human uterine cervix cancer cells (HeLa), cultured to the mid-log phase, were exposed to X-rays, flavopiridol, and combinations of X-rays and flavopiridol in various sequences. The end point in this study was the clonogenic survival, which was measured via clonogenic assays. In order to determine the intrinsic cytotoxicity of flavopiridol, 0, 5, 12.5, 25, 37.5, 50 and 100 nM of flavopiridol were added to cell culture media. In the combination treatment, four different schedules of flavopiridol and irradiation combinations were tested: treatment of flavopiridol for 24 hours followed by irradiation, simultaneous administration of flavopiridol and irradiation, and irradiation followed by flavopiridol (for 24 hours) at intervals of 6 and 24 hours. The fraction of cells surviving after the combination treatment with 2 Gy of radiation (SF2) was compared with that of the fraction of cells surviving after treatment with irradiation alone.

Results

The cytotoxicity of flavopiridol was found to be dose-dependent, with an IC50 of 80 nM. No cytotoxic enhancements were observed when flavopiridol and radiation were administered simultaneously. Flavopiridol, administered either 24 hours before or 6 hours after irradiation, exerted no sensitizing effects on the cells. Only one protocol resulted in a radiosensitizing effect: the administration of flavopiridol 24 hours after irradiation.

Conclusion

Flavopiridol enhanced the effects of radiation on a uterine cervix cancer cell line in vitro, and this enhancement was both sequence- and time-dependent.

Citations

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Flavopiridol: a promising cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor in cancer treatment
Uttam Singh Baghel, Priyanka Kriplani, Neelam M. Patel, Manpreet Kaur, Kapil Sharma, Monika Meghani, Abhay Sharma, Deeksha Singh, Bhawani Singh, William N. Setzer, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Daniela Calina
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
BAIRDA: a novel in vitro setup to quantify radiobiological parameters for cervical cancer brachytherapy dose estimations
Braden Chow, Brad Warkentin, Kareena Nanda, Sunita Ghosh, Fleur Huang, Armin M Gamper, Geetha Menon
Physics in Medicine & Biology.2022; 67(4): 045012. CrossRef
Nutraceutical Compounds as Sensitizers for Cancer Treatment in Radiation Therapy
Marco Calvaruso, Gaia Pucci, Rosa Musso, Valentina Bravatà, Francesco P. Cammarata, Giorgio Russo, Giusi I. Forte, Luigi Minafra
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2019; 20(21): 5267. CrossRef
Repositioning disulfiram as a radiosensitizer against atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor
Young Eun Lee, Seung Ah Choi, Pil Ae Kwack, Hak Jae Kim, Il Han Kim, Kyu-Chang Wang, Ji Hoon Phi, Ji Yeoun Lee, Sangjoon Chong, Sung-Hye Park, Kyung Duk Park, Do Won Hwang, Kyeung Min Joo, Seung-Ki Kim
Neuro-Oncology.2017; 19(8): 1079. CrossRef
Interaction of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with radiation therapy in two different colorectal cancer cell lines
Fang Cai, Olivier Sorg, Virginie Granci, Elena Lecumberri, Raymond Miralbell, Yves M. Dupertuis, Claude Pichard
Clinical Nutrition.2014; 33(1): 164. CrossRef
Antitumor Effects of Flavopiridol on Human Uterine Leiomyoma In Vitro and in a Xenograft Model
Hyun-Gyo Lee, Jong-Woo Baek, So-Jin Shin, Sang-Hoon Kwon, Soon-Do Cha, Won-Jin Park, Rosa Chung, Eun-Som Choi, Gun-Ho Lee, Chi-Heum Cho
Reproductive Sciences.2014; 21(9): 1153. CrossRef
In VitroRadiosensitization of Flavopiridol Did Not Translated intoIn VivoRadiosensitization
Suzy Kim
The Journal of the Korean Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology.2011; 29(2): 83. CrossRef
Gold Nanoparticles as Radiation Sensitizers in Cancer Therapy
Devika B. Chithrani, Salomeh Jelveh, Farid Jalali, Monique van Prooijen, Christine Allen, Robert G. Bristow, Richard P. Hill, David A. Jaffray
Radiation Research.2010; 173(6): 719. CrossRef

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Treatment Outcome of Brain Metastasis after the Cranial Radiotherapy Followed by Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy and Its Prognostic Factors: Hak Jae Kim, Semie Hong, Suzy Kim, Jin Ho Kim, Il Han Kim, Charn Il Park, Sung Whan Ha, Hong Gyun Wu, Wee Saing Kang; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(4):284-288. Published online August 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.4.284

Abstract PDF

To evaluate the effectiveness of whole brain radiotherapy followed by stereotactic radiotherapy for newly diagnosed brain metastasis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-three metastatic brain tumors received radiotherapy to the whole brain and stereotactic radiotherapy in 25 patients. Lung carcinomas were the most common (17/25) primary tumor. The radiation dose was 30 to 40 Gy for the whole brain, with a 12 to 40 Gy boost to the metastatic foci. Survival and local control rates were determined, and the prognostic factors for survival were evaluated.
RESULTS
The overall median survival was 15 months and the actuarial survivals at 1- and 2-year were 67% and 31%, respectively. The local tumor control rate was 79%, with a median follow-up period of 9 months (2~36 months). The prognostic factors associated with survival were age, tumor size and the existence of active extracranial metastasis, with the performance status showing marginal significance. No acute or chronic complications were observed in the patients.
CONCLUSION
From our data, cranial radiotherapy followed by stereotactic radiotherapy was useful in the local control of metastatic tumors, and in the survival of patients with tumor factors, such as small size or the absence of extracranial tumor activity, and host factors, such as young age or good performance status.

Citations

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Prognostic Factors and Survival Outcome of Whole Brain Radiotherapy in Metastatic Brain Cancer- A Single Regional Cancer Centre Experience in North India
Purnima Thakur, Aman Sharma, Manish Gupta, Anupama Dhiman, Jyoti Sharma
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences.2019; 8(43): 3206. CrossRef
Clinical outcome of central nervous system metastases from breast cancer: differences in survival depending on systemic treatment
Hee-Jun Kim, Seock-Ah Im, Bhumsuk Keam, Yu-Jung Kim, Sae-Won Han, Tae Min Kim, Do-Youn Oh, Jee Hyun Kim, Se-Hoon Lee, Eui Kyu Chie, Wonshik Han, Dong-Wan Kim, Tae-You Kim, Dong-Young Noh, Dae Seog Heo, In Ae Park, Yung-Jue Bang, Sung Whan Ha
Journal of Neuro-Oncology.2012; 106(2): 303. CrossRef

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