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Fraction of Cancer Attributable to Carcinogenic Drugs in Korea from 2015 to 2030
Woojin Lim, Soseul Sung, Youjin Hong, Sungji Moon, Sangjun Lee, Kyungsik Kim, Jung Eun Lee, Inah Kim, Kwang-Pil Ko, Sue K. Park
Received June 28, 2024  Accepted November 5, 2024  Published online November 6, 2024  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.644    [Accepted]
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study aims to estimate and project the Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) of cancer incidence and death due to carcinogenic drug use in Korea from 2015 to 2030, to estimate the degree of cancer prevention from exposure to carcinogenic drugs in Korea. Selected carcinogenic drugs were immunosuppressive and antineoplastic drugs classified as group I by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).
Materials and Methods
Systematic review and meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the relative risk (RR) of cancer associated with carcinogenic drug use. Age was standardized using the annual prevalence rate of the National Health Insurance Service sample cohort (NHIS-NSC) from 2002 to 2013 to calculate the standardized prevalence rate of carcinogenic drug use each year. The PAF of specific cancer incidence and death were calculated using Levin's formula and Monte Carlo methods. The prevalence rates were extrapolated to estimate the trend of PAF from 2015 to 2030.
Results
In 2015, carcinogenic drugs attributed to 0.003% and 0.002% among the causes of cancer incidence and death in Korea. However, carcinogenic drugs attributed to 1.1% among the causes of both cancer incidence and death in patients with clinical indications of carcinogenic drugs.
Conclusion
The PAF in patients with clinical indications of carcinogenic drugs were significantly high and expected to increase rapidly over time. Since these drugs are listed as essential by the World Health Organization (WHO), and may be difficult to replace, a surveillance system on susceptible populations using group I carcinogenic drugs must be discussed and implemented.
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Active and Passive Smoking, BRAFV600E Mutation Status, and the Risk of Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Large-Scale Case-Control and Case-Only Study
Kyoung-Nam Kim, Yunji Hwang, Kyungsik Kim, Kyu Eun Lee, Young Joo Park, June Young Choi, Do Joon Park, BeLong Cho, Daehee Kang, Sue K. Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1392-1399.   Published online February 20, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.612
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
The association between tobacco smoking and thyroid cancer remains uncertain. We evaluated the associations of active and passive smokingwith the risk of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), the most common type of thyroid cancer, and with the BRAFV600E mutation, the most common oncogenic mutation in PTC related to poor prognosis.
Materials and Methods
We conducted this study with newly diagnosed PTC patients (n=2,142) and community controls (n=21,420) individually matched to cases for age and sex. Information on active and passive smoking and potential confounders were obtained from structured questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and medical records. BRAFV600E mutation status was assessed in PTC patients. We evaluated the associations of active and passive smoking with PTC and BRAFV600E mutation risk using conditional and unconditional logistic regression models, respectively.
Results
We did not find associations between exposure indices of active and passive smoking and PTC risk in both men and women, except for the association between current smoking and lower PTC risk. Cumulative smoking ≥ 20 pack-years was associated with lower BRAFV600E mutation risk in male PTC patients (odds ratio [OR], 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30 to 1.00). The CI for the association was wider in female PTC patients (OR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.02 to 2.62), possibly owing to a smaller sample size in this stratum.
Conclusion
We did not find consistent associations between active and passive smoking and PTC risk. Cumulative smoking ≥ 20 pack-years was associated with lower BRAFV600E mutation risk in male PTC patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Geographic variation in the association between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Papillary thyroid carcinoma, a meta-analysis
    Nabil W. G. Sweis, Ayman A. Zayed, Mira Al Jaberi, Lina AlQirem, Tala Basheer Hyasat, Farah A. Khraisat, Ward Maaita, Ahmad Moayad Naser, Abdullah Nimer, Mamoon Qatamin, Jaleel J. G. Sweis, Nadia Sweis, Abdallah T. Al-Ani, Ahmad M. Alghrabli, Alireza Hagh
    Endocrine.2023; 81(3): 432.     CrossRef
  • Sex-specific Associations between Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Incidence among Korean Adults
    Kyoung-Nam Kim, Kyungsik Kim, Sangjun Lee, Sue K. Park
    Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.2023; 32(9): 1227.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Thyroid Cancer: Meta-Analysis
    Joon-Hyop Lee, Young Jun Chai, Ka Hee Yi
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(3): 590.     CrossRef
  • Tobacco smoking and risk of thyroid cancer according to BRAFV600E mutational subtypes
    Sabbir T. Rahman, Nirmala Pandeya, Rachel E. Neale, Donald S. A. McLeod, Peter D. Baade, Philippa H. Youl, Roger Allison, Susan Leonard, Susan J. Jordan
    Clinical Endocrinology.2021; 95(6): 891.     CrossRef
  • circFAT1(e2) Promotes Papillary Thyroid Cancer Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion via the miRNA-873/ZEB1 Axis
    Jiazhe Liu, Hongchang Li, Chuanchao Wei, Junbin Ding, Jingfeng Lu, Gaofeng Pan, Anwei Mao, Tao Huang
    Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
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Association between Body Mass Index and Gastric Cancer Risk According to Effect Modification by Helicobacter pylori Infection
Jieun Jang, Eun-Jung Cho, Yunji Hwang, Elisabete Weiderpass, Choonghyun Ahn, Jeoungbin Choi, Soung-Hoon Chang, Hai-Rim Shin, Min Kyung Lim, Keun-Young Yoo, Sue K. Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1107-1116.   Published online November 21, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.182
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
Few studies investigated roles of body mass index (BMI) on gastric cancer (GC) risk according to Helicobacter pylori infection status. This study was conducted to evaluate associations between BMI and GC risk with consideration of H. pylori infection information.
Materials and Methods
We performed a case-cohort study (n=2,458) that consists of a subcohort, (n=2,193 including 67 GC incident cases) randomly selected from the Korean Multicenter Cancer Cohort (KMCC) and 265 incident GC cases outside of the subcohort. H. pylori infection was assessed using an immunoblot assay. GC risk according to BMI was evaluated by calculating hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using weighted Cox hazard regression model.
Results
Increased GC risk in lower BMI group (< 23 kg/m2) with marginal significance, (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.98 to 1.77) compared to the reference group (BMI of 23-24.9 kg/m2) was observed. In the H. pylori non-infection, both lower (< 23 kg/m2) and higher BMI (≥ 25 kg/m2) showed non-significantly increased GC risk (HR, 10.82; 95% CI, 1.25 to 93.60 and HR, 11.33; 95% CI, 1.13 to 113.66, respectively). However, these U-shaped associations between BMI and GC risk were not observed in the group who had ever been infected by H. pylori.
Conclusion
This study suggests the U-shaped associations between BMI and GC risk, especially in subjects who had never been infected by H. pylori.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Ethnic-specific associations between body mass index and gastric cancer: a Mendelian randomization study in European and Korean populations
    Sangjun Lee, Sue K. Park
    Gastric Cancer.2024; 27(1): 19.     CrossRef
  • Cross-phenotype association analysis of gastric cancer: in-silico functional annotation based on the disease–gene network
    Sangjun Lee, Han-Kwang Yang, Hyuk-Joon Lee, Do Joong Park, Seong-Ho Kong, Sue K. Park
    Gastric Cancer.2023; 26(4): 517.     CrossRef
  • Association between metabolic syndrome and gastric cancer risk: results from the Health Examinees Study
    Dan Huang, Woo-Kyoung Shin, Katherine De la Torre, Hwi-Won Lee, Sukhong Min, Aesun Shin, Jong-Koo Lee, Daehee Kang
    Gastric Cancer.2023; 26(4): 481.     CrossRef
  • Cancer Progress and Priorities: Gastric Cancer
    Priya Alagesan, Jessica C. Goodwin, Katherine S. Garman, Meira Epplein
    Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.2023; 32(4): 473.     CrossRef
  • Obesity at early adulthood increases risk of gastric cancer from the Health Examinees-Gem (HEXA-G) study
    Hwi-Won Lee, Dan Huang, Woo-Kyoung Shin, Katherine de la Torre, Jae Jeong Yang, Minkyo Song, Aesun Shin, Jong-koo Lee, Daehee Kang, Shengxu Li
    PLOS ONE.2022; 17(2): e0260826.     CrossRef
  • Association between Body Mass Index and Risk of Gastric Cancer by Anatomic and Histologic Subtypes in Over 500,000 East and Southeast Asian Cohort Participants
    Jieun Jang, Sangjun Lee, Kwang-Pil Ko, Sarah K. Abe, Md. Shafiur Rahman, Eiko Saito, Md. Rashedul Islam, Norie Sawada, Xiao-Ou Shu, Woon-Puay Koh, Atsuko Sadakane, Ichiro Tsuji, Jeongseon Kim, Isao Oze, Chisato Nagata, Shoichiro Tsugane, Hui Cai, Jian-Min
    Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.2022; 31(9): 1727.     CrossRef
  • Impact of a Fermented High-Fiber Rye Diet on Helicobacter pylori and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors: A Randomized Controlled Trial Among Helicobacter pylori-Positive Chinese Adults
    Kun Xue, Yuwei Liu, Kia Nøhr Iversen, Mohsen Mazidi, Zheng Qu, Chenglin Dong, Tayi Jin, Göran Hallmans, Per Åman, Anders Johansson, Gengsheng He, Rikard Landberg
    Frontiers in Nutrition.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Current therapeutic options for gastric adenocarcinoma
    C.R. Akshatha, Smitha Bhat, R. Sindhu, Dharini Shashank, Sarana Rose Sommano, Wanaporn Tapingkae, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Shashanka K. Prasad
    Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences.2021; 28(9): 5371.     CrossRef
  • The U‐shaped association between body mass index and gastric cancer risk in the Helicobacter pylori Biomarker Cohort Consortium: A nested case–control study from eight East Asian cohort studies
    Jieun Jang, Tianyi Wang, Hui Cai, Fei Ye, Gwen Murphy, Taichi Shimazu, Philip R Taylor, You‐Lin Qiao, Keun‐Young Yoo, Sun Ha Jee, Jeongseon Kim, Sheau‐Chiann Chen, Christian C Abnet, Shoichiro Tsugane, Wei Zheng, Xiao‐Ou Shu, Michael Pawlita, Sue K. Park,
    International Journal of Cancer.2020; 147(3): 777.     CrossRef
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Effectiveness of Gastric Cancer Screening on Gastric Cancer Incidence and Mortality in a Community-Based Prospective Cohort
Heewon Kim, Yunji Hwang, Hokyung Sung, Jieun Jang, Choonghyun Ahn, Sang Gyun Kim, Keun-Young Yoo, Sue K. Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(2):582-589.   Published online June 9, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.048
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of gastric cancer (GC) screening methods in a community-based prospective cohort of the Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort (KMCC) with over a 10-year follow-up.
Materials and Methods
A total 10,909 and 4,773 subjects from the KMCC with information on gastroendoscopy (GE) and upper gastrointestinal series (UGIS) were included in this study. Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for age, sex, Helicobacter pylori infection, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
The GE screened subjects had almost half the risk of GC-specific death than that of unscreened subjects (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.94). Among the GC patients, GE screenees had a 2.24-fold higher survival rate than that of the non-screenees (95% CI, 1.61 to 3.11). In particular, GE screenees who underwent two or more screening episodes had a higher survival rate than that of the non-screenees (HR, 13.11; 95% CI, 7.38 to 23.30). The effectiveness of GE screening on reduced GC mortality and increased survival rate of GC patients was better in elderly subjects (≥ 65 years old) (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.95 and HR, 8.84; 95% CI, 3.63 to 21.57, respectively) than that in younger subjects (< 65 years old) (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.34 to 1.29 and HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.68, respectively). In contrast, UGIS screening had no significant relation to GC mortality and survival.
Conclusion
The findings of this study suggest that a decreased GC-specific mortality and improved survival rate in GC patients can be achieved through GE screening.

Citations

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    Bokyung Kim, Soo-Jeong Cho
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    Tzu-Wei Yang, Chi-Chih Wang, Wei-Cheng Hung, Yu-Hsiang Liu, Wen-Wei Sung, Ming-Chang Tsai
    Frontiers in Public Health.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Mushegh А. Sahakyan, Artak Gabrielyan, Hmayak Petrosyan, Shushan Yesayan, Sevak S. Shahbazyan, Arthur M. Sahakyan
    Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer.2020; 51(1): 135.     CrossRef
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    Abdulaziz Alshehri, Hee-sung Kim, Byung Sik Kim
    International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2020; 66: 265.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Theoretical Biology.2020; 484: 109996.     CrossRef
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    Mohammad Amini, Khodayar Ghorban, Ahad Mokhtarzadeh, Maryam Dadmanesh, Behzad Baradaran
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Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Female Breast Cancer Mortality in Korea
Yunhee Choi, Yeonju Kim, Sue K. Park, Hai-Rim Shin, Keun-Young Yoo
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):11-19.   Published online May 14, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.021
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Despite the low mortality rate of breast cancer among women in Korea, the breast cancer mortality rate has increased. The aim of this study was to examine trends in breast cancer mortality from 1983 to 2012 in Korea, assessing the importance of age, period, and birth cohort as risk factors.
Materials and Methods
Data on the annual number of deaths due to female breast cancer and on female population statistics from 1983 to 2012 were obtained from Statistics Korea. A log-linear Poisson ageperiod- cohort model was used to estimate age, period, and cohort effects.
Results
The increasing breast cancer mortality can be explained predominantly by a birth cohort effect: the risk of breast cancer death showed a steady increase until the 1968 birth cohort, and decreased thereafter. There was a sharp increase in the magnitude of the age effect up to 60 years old, then a moderate increase in the effect during the sixties, followed by another sharp increase from 70 years old. The period effect on breast cancer mortality seems negligible based on its adjusted relative risk, even though it was statistically significant after adjusting for age and cohort effects.
Conclusion
In this study, the mortality pattern of breast cancer in Korea can be explained predominantly by a birth cohort effect. Hence, the overall mortality rate of breast cancer may increase for a while, and show a gradual decrease in the future, which will start from the younger age group.

Citations

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    Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Lillia Magali Estrada Perea, José Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes, Marco A Peres
    European Journal of Cancer Prevention.2022; 31(1): 93.     CrossRef
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    Yon Ho Jee, Chi Gao, Jihye Kim, Seho Park, Sun Ha Jee, Peter Kraft
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  • Secular Trends of Breast Cancer in China, South Korea, Japan and the United States: Application of the Age-Period-Cohort Analysis
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