Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Article

Lung and Thoracic cancer

The Synergistic Effect of PARP Inhibitors and Irinotecan in Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells: Songji Oh, Soyeon Kim, Bhumsuk Keam, Jeonghwan Youk, Tae Min Kim, Dong-Wan Kim, Miso Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(4):1040-1050. Published online January 7, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.728

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
This study focused on combining irinotecan with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors to explore the potential for novel combination therapeutics in small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
Materials and Methods
We selected 10 different SCLC cell lines with diverse mutational backgrounds in DNA damage response (DDR) pathway genes to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of three PARP inhibitors and irinotecan. After the cells were exposed to the drugs for 7 days, cell viability was measured, and a combination index was calculated. Apoptotic signaling was assessed via western blot, and DNA damage was evaluated using an alkaline comet assay.
Results
We assessed the synergistic effects of PARP inhibitors and irinotecan in in vitro SCLC models, which revealed increased sensitivity, particularly in cells harboring BRCA mutations. However, even in cells lacking mutations in DDR pathway genes, the combination of the two drugs exhibited a synergistic effect. When treated with 50 nM irinotecan, the IC₅₀ fold changes for PARP inhibitors were as follows: olaparib, 1,649±4,049; talazoparib, 25±34.21; venadaparib, 336±596.01. This combination enhanced apoptosis signaling and increased p-chk1 and p-p53 protein levels. Additionally, the treatment of PARP inhibitor with irinotecan increased DNA damage, as visualized by the alkaline comet assay.
Conclusion
This study provides preclinical evidence of the potential clinical benefits of combining irinotecan with PARP inhibitors in SCLC. Further clinical investigations are warranted to validate these findings for the development of more effective and personalized therapeutic strategies for SCLC patients.

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