Purpose We aimed to assess the effectiveness of early single intravesical administration of epirubicin in preventing intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma.
Materials and Methods Patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma who underwent radical nephroureterectomy between November 2018 and May 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Intravesical epirubicin was administered within 48 hours if no evidence of leakage was observed. Epirubicin (50 mg) in 50 mL normal saline solution was introduced into the bladder via a catheter and maintained for 60 minutes. The severity of adverse events was graded using the Clavien-Dindo classification. We compared intravesical recurrence rate between the two groups. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify the independent predictors of bladder recurrence following radical nephroureterectomy.
Results Epirubicin (n=55) and control (n=116) groups were included in the analysis. No grade 1 or higher bladder symptoms have been reported. A statistically significant difference in the intravesical recurrence rate was observed between the two groups (11.8% at 1 year in the epirubicin group vs. 28.4% at 1 year in the control group; log-rank p=0.039). In multivariate analysis, epirubicin instillation (hazard ratio [HR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20 to 0.93; p=0.033) and adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.65; p=0.003) were independently predictive of a reduced incidence of bladder recurrence.
Conclusion This retrospective review revealed that a single immediate intravesical instillation of epirubicin is safe and can reduce the incidence of intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy. However, further prospective trials are required to confirm these findings.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
The role of intravesical chemotherapy following nephroureterectomy in upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis Stefano Moretto, Andrea Piccolini, Andrea Gallioli, Roberto Contieri, Nicolomaria Buffi, Giovanni Lughezzani, Alberto Breda, Michael Baboudjian, Bas WG van Rhijn, Morgan Roupret, Alessandro Uleri, Benjamin Pradere Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations.2025; 43(3): 191.e1. CrossRef
Gyu Sang Yoo, Won Park, Hongryull Pyo, Byong Chang Jeong, Hwang Gyun Jeon, Minyong Kang, Seong Il Seo, Seong Soo Jeon, Hyun Moo Lee, Han Yong Choi, Byung Kwan Park, Chan Kyo Kim, Sung Yoon Park, Ghee Young Kwon
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):218-225. Published online April 15, 2021
Purpose We aimed to investigate the risk factors and patterns of locoregional recurrence (LRR) after radical nephrectomy (RN) in patients with locally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 245 patients who underwent RN for non-metastatic pT3-4 RCC from January 2006 to January 2016. We analyzed the risk factors associated with poor locoregional control using Cox regression. Anatomical mapping was performed on reference computed tomography scans showing intact kidneys.
Results The median follow-up duration was 56 months (range, 1 to 128 months). Tumor extension to renal vessels or the inferior vena cava (IVC) and Fuhrman’s nuclear grade IV were identified as independent risk factors of LRR. The 5-year actuarial LRR rates in groups with no risk factor, one risk factor, and two risk factors were 2.3%, 19.8%, and 30.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). The locations of LRR were distributed as follows: aortocaval area (n=2), paraaortic area (n=4), retrocaval area (n=5), and tumor bed (n=11). No LRR was observed above the celiac axis (CA) or under the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA).
Conclusion Tumor extension to renal vessels or the IVC and Fuhrman’s nuclear grade IV were the independent risk factors associated with LRR after RN for pT3-4 RCC. The locations of LRR after RN for RCC were distributed in the tumor bed and regional lymphatic area from the bifurcation of the CA to that of the IMA.
Survival pattern of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients according to WHO/ISUP grade: a long-term multi-institutional study Joongwon Choi, Seokhwan Bang, Jungyo Suh, Chang Il Choi, Wan Song, Hyeong Dong Yuk, Chan Ho Lee, Minyong Kang, Seol Ho Choo, Jung Kwon Kim, Hyung Ho Lee, Jung Ki Jo, Eu Chang Hwang, Chang Wook Jeong, Young Hwii Ko, Jae Young Park, Cheryn Song, Seong Il Se Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Adjuvant Therapy for High-Risk Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current Landscape and Future Direction Dylan M Buller, Maria Antony, Benjamin T Ristau OncoTargets and Therapy.2023; Volume 16: 49. CrossRef
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the effects of bladder cuff method on oncological outcomes in patients who underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma.
Materials and Methods The records of 1,095 patients treated with RNU performed at our hospital between 1994 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed; 856 patients with no bladder tumor history were enrolled in the present study. The management of bladder cuff was divided into two categories: extravesical ligation (EL) or transvesical resection (TR). Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analyses were performed to determine which factors were associated with intravesical recurrence (IVR)–free survival (IVRFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS).
Results The mean patient age was 64.8 years and the median follow-up was 37.7 months. Among the 865 patients, 477 (55.7%) underwent the TR and 379 (44.3%) the EL. Significantly higher IVRFS (p=0.001) and OS (p=0.013) were observed in the TR group. In multivariable analysis, IVR, CSS, and OS were independently associated with the EL. Among 379 patients treated with the EL, eight underwent remnant ureterectomy. Based on radical cystectomy–free survival, significant difference was not observed between the two groups. However, significantly higher IVRFS was observed in the TR group when the tumor was located in the renal pelvis.
Conclusion Intramural complete excision of the distal ureter during RNU should be the gold standard approach compared with EL for the management of distal ureter in terms of oncological outcomes.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Single Early Intravesical Instillation of Epirubicin for Preventing Bladder Recurrence after Nephroureterectomy in Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Jong Hoon Lee, Chung Un Lee, Jae Hoon Chung, Wan Song, Minyong Kang, Hwang Gyun Jeon, Byong Chang Jeong, Seong Il Seo, Seong Soo Jeon, Hyun Hwan Sung Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(3): 877. CrossRef
Violation of onco-surgical principles is associated with survival outcomes in upper tract urothelial carcinomas after radical nephroureterectomy Ioannis Patras, Johan Abrahamsson, Axel Gerdtsson, Martin Nyberg, Ymir Saemundsson, Elin Ståhl, Anne Sörenby, Åsa Warnolf, Johannes Bobjer, Fredrik Liedberg Scandinavian Journal of Urology.2024; 59: 131. CrossRef
Differential effect of surgical technique on intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy in patients with upper tract urothelial cancer: a systematic review and Meta-analysis Ichiro Tsuboi, Akihiro Matsukawa, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Jakob Klemm, Robert J Schulz, Anna Cadenar, Stefano Mancon, Sever Chiujdea, Tamás Fazekas, Marcin Miszczyk, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Kensuke Bekku, Koi World Journal of Urology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The impact of bladder cuff excision on outcomes after nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma: An analysis of the ROBUUST 2.0 registry Courtney Yong, James E. Slaven, Zhenjie Wu, Vitaly Margulis, Hooman Djaladat, Alessandro Antonelli, Giuseppe Simone, Raj Bhanvadia, Alireza Ghoreifi, Farshad Sheybaee Moghaddam, Francesco Ditonno, Gabriele Tuderti, Stephan Bronimann, Sohail Dhanji, Benjam Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations.2024; 42(11): 373.e1. CrossRef
A new nomogram for predicting extraurothelial recurrence in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma following radical nephroureterectomy Hao Wu, Dan Jia, Xianyu Dai, Hongliang Cao, Fulin Wang, Tong Yang, Lei Wang, Tao Xu, Baoshan Gao Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Perioperative and oncological outcomes of distal ureter management during nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis Andrea GALLIOLI, Michael BABOUDJIAN, Pietro DIANA, Marco MOSCHINI, Evanguelos XYLINAS, Francesco DEL GIUDICE, Ekaterina LAUKHTINA, Francesco SORIA, Andrea MARI, José D. SUBIELA, Mathieu ROUY, Angelo TERRITO, Giuseppe BASILE, Joan PALOU, Benjamin PRADERE, Minerva Urology and Nephrology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Predicting and Decreasing Bladder Tumor Recurrence Following Nephroureterectomy Hiroko Miyagi, Elizabeth A. Di Valerio, Padraic O’Malley, Wayne G. Brisbane, Li-Ming Su, Paul L. Crispen Frontiers in Urology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Inadvertent radical nephrectomy leads to worse prognosis in renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma patients: A propensity score-matched study Feixiang Wu, Pan Zhang, Lingxun Li, Shiqing Lin, Jianhong Liu, Yi Sun, Yuanlong Wang, Chengjun Luo, Yu Huang, Xiao Yan, Meng Zhang, Guixi Liu, Kun Li Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Joon Young Hur, Youjin Kim, Ghee-Young Kwon, Minyong Kang, Hyun Hwan Sung, Hwang Gyun Jeon, Byong Chang Jeong, Seong Il Seo, Seong Soo Jeon, Hyun Moo Lee, Su Jin Lee, Se Hoon Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1269-1274. Published online January 9, 2019
Purpose
Treatment targeting immune checkpoint with programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors has demonstrated efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). We investigated the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab in mUC patients who failed platinum-based chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
A retrospective study using the Samsung Medical Center cancer chemotherapy registry was performed on 50 consecutive patients with mUC treated with atezolizumab, regardless of their PD-L1(SP142) status, as salvage therapy after chemotherapy failure between May 2017 and June 2018. Endpoints included overall response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety.
Results
Among 50 patients, men constituted 76% and the median age was 68 years (range, 46 to 82 years). Twenty-three patients (46%) received atezolizumab as second-line therapy. PD-L1 (SP142) status IC0/1 and IC2/3 were found in 21 (42%) and 21 (42%) of patients, respectively; in eight patients (16%), PD-L1 (SP142) expression was not available. Atezolizumab was generally well tolerated, with pruritus and fatigue being the most commonly observed toxicities. As a result, partial response was noted in 20 patients (40%), with 12 (24%) stable diseases. RRwas higherin IC2/3 (62%) than in IC0/1 patients (24%, p=0.013). The median PFS was 7.4 months (95% confidence interval, 3.4 to 11.4 months). As expected, PFS also was significantly longer in IC2/3 patients than in IC0/1 (median, 12.7 vs. 2.1 months; p=0.005). PFS was not significantly influenced by age, sex, performance status, number of previous chemotherapy, site of metastases, or any of the baseline laboratory parameters.
Conclusion
In this retrospective study, atezolizumab demonstrated clinically efficacy and tolerability in unselected mUC patients who failed platinum-based chemotherapy.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Real-world data of atezolizumab in patients with previously treated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial bladder cancer Rocío Díaz Acedo, Mercedes Galvan Banqueri, Silvia Artacho Criado, Eva María Fernández Parra, Rocío Jiménez Galán, Ana Isabel Gago Sánchez, Juan Francisco Marín Pozo, María José Martínez Bautista International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy.2024; 46(2): 382. CrossRef
Subsequent Systemic Therapy following Platinum and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Joohyun Hong, Hyun Hwan Sung, Byong Chang Jeong, Se Hoon Park Biomedicines.2022; 10(8): 2005. CrossRef
Systemic treatment for advanced urothelial cancer: an update on recent clinical trials and current treatment options Inkeun Park, Jae Lyun Lee The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2020; 35(4): 834. CrossRef
Jung Kwon Kim, Sung Han Kim, Mi Kyung Song, Jungnam Joo, Seong Il Seo, Cheol Kwak, Chang Wook Jeong, Cheryn Song, Eu Chang Hwang, Ill Young Seo, Hakmin Lee, Sung-Hoo Hong, Jae Young Park, Jinsoo Chung, Korean Renal Cell Carcinoma Study Group
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(2):758-768. Published online September 7, 2018
Purpose
The International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) risk models were developed predominantly with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Accordingly, whether these two models could be applied to metastatic non-clear cell RCC (mNCCRCC) as well has not been well-known and was investigated herein.
Materials and Methods
From the Korean metastatic RCC registry, a total of 156 patients (8.1%) with mNCCRCC among the entire cohort of 1,922 patients were analyzed. Both models were applied to predict first-line progression-free survival (PFS), total PFS, and cancer-specific survival (CSS).
Results
The median first-line PFS, total PFS, and CSS were 5, 6, and 24 months, respectively. The IMDC risk model reliably discriminated three risk groups to predict survival: the median firstline PFS, total PFS, and CSS for the favorable, intermediate, and poor risk groups were 9, 5, and, 2 months (p=0.001); 14, 7, and 2 months (p < 0.001); and 41, 21, and 8 months (p < 0.001), all respectively. The MSKCC risk model also reliably differentiated three risk groups: 9, 5, and, 2 months (p=0.005); 10, 7, and 3 months (p=0.002); and 50, 21, and 8 months (p < 0.001), also all respectively. The concordance indices were 0.632 with the IMDC model and 0.643 with the MSKCC model for first-line PFS: 0.748 and 0.655 for CSS.
Conclusion
The current IMDC and MSKCC risk models reliably predict first-line PFS, total PFS, and CSS in mNCCRCC.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Advances in non‐clear cell renal cell carcinoma management: From heterogeneous biology to treatment options Nathaniel R. Wilson, Yusuf Acikgoz, Elshad Hasanov International Journal of Cancer.2024; 154(6): 947. CrossRef
Survival pattern of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients according to WHO/ISUP grade: a long-term multi-institutional study Joongwon Choi, Seokhwan Bang, Jungyo Suh, Chang Il Choi, Wan Song, Hyeong Dong Yuk, Chan Ho Lee, Minyong Kang, Seol Ho Choo, Jung Kwon Kim, Hyung Ho Lee, Jung Ki Jo, Eu Chang Hwang, Chang Wook Jeong, Young Hwii Ko, Jae Young Park, Cheryn Song, Seong Il Se Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Prognostic Factors and Treatment Outcomes in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Analysis Ömer Faruk ELÇİÇEK, Mehmet KÜÇÜKÖNER Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi.2024; : 217. CrossRef
High Sensitivity Circulating Tumor-DNA Assays in Renal Cell Carcinoma–Are we there yet? Fady Sidhom, Shefali Patel, Arpita Desai, Arnab Basu Clinical Genitourinary Cancer.2024; 22(6): 102235. CrossRef
Machine learning based prediction for oncologic outcomes of renal cell carcinoma after surgery using Korean Renal Cell Carcinoma (KORCC) database Jung Kwon Kim, Sangchul Lee, Sung Kyu Hong, Cheol Kwak, Chang Wook Jeong, Seok Ho Kang, Sung-Hoo Hong, Yong-June Kim, Jinsoo Chung, Eu Chang Hwang, Tae Gyun Kwon, Seok-Soo Byun, Yu Jin Jung, Junghyun Lim, Jiyeon Kim, Hyeju Oh Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Targeted Literature Review of Outcomes to Initial Systemic Therapy for Advanced/Metastatic Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma in Observational Studies Shawna R. Calhoun, Manish Sharma, Chung-Han Lee Kidney Cancer.2023; 7(1): 123. CrossRef
A retrospective single-centered, comprehensive targeted genetic sequencing analysis of prognostic survival using tissues from Korean patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma after targeted therapy Sung Han Kim, Jongkeun Park, Weon Seo Park, Dongwan Hong, Jinsoo Chung Investigative and Clinical Urology.2022; 63(6): 602. CrossRef
Overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Belarus: a report from the RENSUR3 registry Ilya Tsimafeyeu, Oxana Shatkovskaya, Sergei Krasny, Nurzhan Nurgaliev, Ilya Varlamov, Vladislav Petkau, Sufia Safina, Ruslan Zukov, Mikhail Mazhbich, Galina Statsenko, Sergey Varlamov, Olga Novikova, Igor Zaitsev, Pavel Moiseyev, Alexander Rolevich, Alesy Cancer Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
The prognostic effect of immunoscore in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma: preliminary results Ismail Selvi, Umut Demirci, Nazan Bozdogan, Halil Basar International Urology and Nephrology.2020; 52(1): 21. CrossRef
Life expectancy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the Russian Federation: results of the RENSUR3 multicenter registry study I. V. Tsimafeyeu, I. S. Varlamov, V. V. Petkau, S. Z. Safina, R. A. Zukov, M. S. Mazhbich, G. B. Statsenko, S. A. Varlamov, I. V. Zaitsev, O. Yu. Novikova, S. А. Krasny, N. S. Nurgaliyev, I. L. Popova, L. Yu. Vladimirova Malignant tumours.2019; 9(2): 45. CrossRef
Chang Wook Jeong, Sung Kyu Hong, Seok Soo Byun, Seong Soo Jeon, Seong Il Seo, Hyun Moo Lee, Hanjong Ahn, Dong Deuk Kwon, Hong Koo Ha, Tae Gyun Kwon, Jae Seung Chung, Cheol Kwak, Hyung Jin Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(1):265-274. Published online April 14, 2017
Purpose
Korean patients with prostate cancer (PC) typically present with a more aggressive disease than patients in Western populations. Consequently, it is unclear if the current criteria for active surveillance (AS) can safely be applied to Korean patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to define appropriate selection criteria for AS for patients with PC in Korea.
Materials and Methods
We conducted a multicenter retrospective study of 2,126 patients with low risk PC who actually underwent radical prostatectomy. The primary outcome was an unfavorable disease, which was defined by non-organ confined disease or an upgrading of the Gleason score to ≥ 7 (4+3). Predictive variables of an unfavorable outcome were identified by multivariate analysis using randomly selected training samples (n=1,623, 76.3%). We compared our selected criteria to various Western criteria for the primary outcome and validated our criteria using the remaining validation sample (n=503, 23.7%).
Results
A non-organ confined disease rate of 14.9% was identified, with an increase in Gleason score ≥ 7 (4+3) of 8.7% and a final unfavorable disease status of 20.8%. The following criteria were selected: Gleason score ≤ 6, clinical stage T1-T2a, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ≤ 10 ng/mL, PSA density < 0.15 ng/mL/mL, number of positive cores ≤ 2, and maximum cancer involvement in any one core ≤ 20%. These criteria provided the lowest unfavorable disease rate (11.7%) when compared to Western criteria (13.3%-20.7%), and their validity was confirmed using the validation sample (5.9%).
Conclusion
We developed AS criteria which are appropriate for Korean patients with PC. Prospective studies using these criteria are now warranted.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Outcomes of active surveillance for Japanese patients with prostate cancer (PRIAS‐JAPAN) Takuma Kato, Ryuji Matsumoto, Akira Yokomizo, Yoichiro Tohi, Hiroshi Fukuhara, Yoichi Fujii, Keiichiro Mori, Takuma Sato, Junichi Inokuchi, Katsuyoshi Hashine, Shinichi Sakamoto, Hidefumi Kinoshita, Koji Inoue, Toshiki Tanikawa, Takanobu Utsumi, Takayuki BJU International.2024; 134(4): 652. CrossRef
Has Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer Become Safer? Lessons Learned from a Global Clinical Registry Chris Bangma, Paul Doan, Lin Zhu, Sebastiaan Remmers, Daan Nieboer, Jozien Helleman, Monique J. Roobol, Mikio Sugimoto, Byung Ha Chung, Lui Shiong Lee, Mark Frydenberg, Laurence Klotz, Michael Peacock, Antoinette Perry, Anders Bjartell, Antti Rannikko, Mi European Urology Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Establishment of Prospective Registry of Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer: The Korean Urological Oncology Society Database Gyoohwan Jung, Jung Kwon Kim, Seong Soo Jeon, Jae Hoon Chung, Cheol Kwak, Chang Wook Jeong, Hanjong Ahn, Jae Young Joung, Tae Gyun Kwon, Sung Woo Park, Seok-Soo Byun The World Journal of Men's Health.2023; 41(1): 110. CrossRef
The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and MRI-Targeted Biopsy for Active Surveillance Chang Wook Jeong Journal of Urologic Oncology.2023; 21(2): 97. CrossRef
Incidence and mortality projections for major cancers among Korean men until 2034, with a focus on prostate cancer Sahyun Pak, Kyu-Won Jung, Eun-Hye Park, Young Hwii Ko, Young-Joo Won, Jae Young Joung Investigative and Clinical Urology.2022; 63(2): 175. CrossRef
Role of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the HSD3B1 gene (rs6203 and rs33937873) in the prediction of prostate cancer risk Yasmine Amrousy, Hesham Haffez, Doaa Abdou, Hanaa Atya Molecular Medicine Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A single-center long-term experience of active surveillance for prostate cancer: 15 years of follow-up Sang Hun Song, Jung Kwon Kim, Hakmin Lee, Sangchul Lee, Sung Kyu Hong, Seok-Soo Byun Investigative and Clinical Urology.2021; 62(1): 32. CrossRef
The clinical impact of strict criteria for active surveillance of prostate cancer in Korean population: Results from a prospective cohort Jungyo Suh, Hyeong Dong Yuk, Minyong Kang, Bum Sik Tae, Ja Hyeon Ku, Hyeon Hoe Kim, Cheol Kwak, Chang Wook Jeong Investigative and Clinical Urology.2021; 62(4): 430. CrossRef
Comparison of Characteristics, Follow-up and Outcomes of Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer According to Ethnicity in the GAP3 Global Consortium Database Kerri Beckmann, Aida Santaolalla, Jozien Helleman, Peter Carroll, Byung Ha Chung, Lui Shiong Lee, Antoinette Perry, Jose Rubio-Briones, Mikio Sugimoto, Bruce Trock, Riccardo Valdagni, Prokar Dasgupta, Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Oussama Elhage, Bruce Trock, Beh European Urology Open Science.2021; 34: 47. CrossRef
Patients with Biopsy Gleason Score 3 + 4 Are Not Appropriate Candidates for Active Surveillance Juhyun Park, Sangjun Yoo, Min Chul Cho, Chang Wook Jeong, Ja Hyeon Ku, Cheol Kwak, Hyeon Hoe Kim, Hyeon Jeong Urologia Internationalis.2020; 104(3-4): 199. CrossRef
Current status and progress of focal therapy in Asia Takumi Shiraishi, Osamu Ukimura Current Opinion in Urology.2018; 28(6): 529. CrossRef
The MMP2 rs243865 polymorphism increases the risk of prostate cancer: A meta-analysis Kun Liu, Shuo Gu, Xuzhong Liu, Qing Sun, Yunyan Wang, Junsong Meng, Zongyuan Xu Oncotarget.2017; 8(42): 72933. CrossRef