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Original Article
Gastrointestinal cancer
Radiofrequency Ablation versus Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
Jesang Yu, Dong Hwan Kim, Jungbok Lee, Yong Moon Shin, Jong Hoon Kim, Sang Min Yoon, Jinhong Jung, Jin Cheon Kim, Chang Sik Yu, Seok-Byung Lim, In Ja Park, Tae Won Kim, Yong Sang Hong, Sun Young Kim, Jeong Eun Kim, Jin-hong Park, So Yeon Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):850-859.   Published online October 13, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.674
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study aimed to compare the treatment outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) and to determine the favorable treatment modality according to tumor characteristics.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the records of 222 colorectal cancer patients with 330 CRLM who underwent RFA (268 tumors in 178 patients) or SBRT (62 tumors in 44 patients) between 2007 and 2014. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox models were used by adjusting with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).
Results
The median follow-up duration was 30.5 months. The median tumor size was significantly smaller in the RFA group than in the SBRT group (1.5 cm vs 2.3 cm, p<0.001). In IPTW-adjusted analysis, difference in treatment modality was not associated with significant differences in 1-year and 3-year recurrence-free survival (35% vs 43%, 22% vs 23%; p=0.198), overall survival (96% vs 91%, 58% vs 56%; p=0.508), and freedom from local progression (FFLP; 90% vs 72%, 78% vs 60%; p=0.106). Significant interaction effect between the treatment modality and tumor size was observed for FFLP (p=0.001). In IPTW-adjusted subgroup analysis of patients with tumor size >2 cm, the SBRT group had a higher FFLP compared with the RFA group (HR, 0.153; p<0.001).
Conclusion
SBRT and RFA showed similar local control in the treatment of patients with CRLM. Tumor size was an independent prognostic factor for local control and SBRT may be preferred for larger tumors.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Ablative techniques in colorectal liver metastases: A systematic review, descriptive summary of practice, and recommendations for optimal data reporting
    Wee Han Ng, Catarina Machado, Alice Rooney, Robert Jones, Jonathan Rees, Samir Pathak
    European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2025; 51(2): 109487.     CrossRef
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    Su Jin Kang, Jongmoo Park, Gyu-Seog Choi, Jong Gwang Kim, Jun Seok Park, Hye Jin Kim, Jin Ho Baek, Byung Woog Kang, An Na Seo, Shin-Hyung Park, Bong Kyung Bae, Min Kyu Kang, Soo Yeun Park, Devarati Mitra
    PLOS ONE.2025; 20(1): e0313438.     CrossRef
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    Clayton T. Marcinak, Patrick B. Schwartz, Mustafa M. Basree, Newton Hurst, Michael Bassetti, Jeremy D. Kratz, Nataliya V. Uboha
    American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    D. Pezzulla, G. Chiloiro, E. M. Lima, G. Macchia, C. Romano, S. Reina, G. Panza, S. Cilla, A. G. Morganti, F. Cellini, M. A. Gambacorta, F. Deodato
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    Max Seidensticker
    Forum.2024; 39(5): 340.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of B-ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of primary liver cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    Xiong Zhang, Hong-Yi Zhu, Ming Yuan
    World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2024; 16(9): 2986.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyltransferase after radiofrequency ablation of primary liver cancer: A retrospective study
    Wen-Yu Huang, Sheng Zheng, Dan Zhu, Ying-Lang Zeng, Juan Yang, Xue-Li Zeng, Pei Liu, Shun-Ling Zhang, Ming Yuan, Zhi-Xia Wang
    World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2024; 16(9): 2860.     CrossRef
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    Hwa Kyung Byun, Gyu Sang Yoo, Soo-Yoon Sung, Jin-Ho Song, Byoung Hyuck Kim, Yoo-Kang Kwak, Yeon Joo Kim, Yeon-Sil Kim, Kyung Su Kim
    Radiation Oncology Journal.2024; 42(4): 247.     CrossRef
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    Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology.2023; 53(12): 1177.     CrossRef
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    Federica Borrelli de Andreis, Maria Alessandra Calegari, Angela Romano, Maria Gabriella Brizi, Luigi Sofo, Ivo Boskoski, Guido Costamagna, Fabia Attili
    Current Problems in Cancer: Case Reports.2023; 9: 100216.     CrossRef
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    Chai Hong Rim, Jung Sue Lee, Soo Yeon Kim, Jinsil Seong
    JHEP Reports.2023; 5(1): 100594.     CrossRef
  • Metastasis-Directed Local Therapy of Hepatic Oligometastasis from Colorectal Cancer and Future Perspective in Radiation Therapy
    Gyu Sang Yoo, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jae-Uk Jeong, Eui Kyu Chie, Hyeon-Min Cho, Jun Won Um, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(3): 707.     CrossRef
  • Local Control Following Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Liver Oligometastases: Lessons from a Quarter Century
    Sara Mheid, Stefan Allen, Sylvia S. W. Ng, William A. Hall, Nina N. Sanford, Todd A. Aguilera, Ahmed M. Elamir, Rana Bahij, Martijn P. W. Intven, Ganesh Radhakrishna, Issa Mohamad, Jeremy De Leon, Hendrick Tan, Shirley Lewis, Cihan Gani, Teo Stanecu, Vero
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  • Evidence on percutaneous radiofrequency and microwave ablation for liver metastases over the last decade
    Koji Tomita, Yusuke Matsui, Mayu Uka, Noriyuki Umakoshi, Takahiro Kawabata, Kazuaki Munetomo, Shoma Nagata, Toshihiro Iguchi, Takao Hiraki
    Japanese Journal of Radiology.2022; 40(10): 1035.     CrossRef
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Erratum
ERRATUM: Prognostic Implications of Extranodal Extension in Relation to Colorectal Cancer Location
Chan Wook Kim, Jihun Kim, Yangsoon Park, Dong-Hyung Cho, Jong Lyul Lee, Yong Sik Yoon, In Ja Park, Seok-Byung Lim, Chang Sik Yu, Jin Cheon Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):893-893.   Published online June 8, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.392.E
Corrects: Cancer Res Treat 2019;51(3):1135
PDFPubReaderePub
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Original Articles
Association of Body Composition with Long-Term Survival in Non-metastatic Rectal Cancer Patients
Jin Soo Han, Hyoseon Ryu, In Ja Park, Kyung Won Kim, Yongbin Shin, Sun Ok Kim, Seok-Byung Lim, Chan Wook Kim, Yong Sik Yoon, Jong Lyul Lee, Chang Sik Yu, Jin Cheon Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(2):563-572.   Published online December 3, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.249
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
We evaluated the association of body composition with long-term oncologic outcomes in non-metastatic rectal cancer patients.
Methods
We included 1,384 patients with stage(y)0-III rectal cancer treated at Asan Medical Center between January 2005 and December 2012. Body composition at diagnosis was measured using abdomino-pelvic computed tomography (CT). Sarcopenia, visceral obesity (VO), and sarcopenic obesity (SO) were defined using CT measured parameters such as skeletal muscle index (total abdominal muscle area, TAMA), visceral fat area (VFA), and VFA/TAMA. Inflammatory status was defined as a neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio of ≥3. Obesity was categorized by body mass index (≥ 25 kg/m2).
Results
Among the 1,384 patients, 944 (68.2%) had sarcopenia and 307 (22.2%) had SO. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was significantly lower in sarcopenic patients (no sarcopenia vs. sarcopenia; 84% vs. 78%, p=0.003) but the 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate was not different (77.3% vs. 77.9% p=0.957). Patients with SO showed lower 5-year OS (79.1% vs. 75.5% p=0.02) but no difference in 5-year RFS (p=0.957). Sarcopenia, SO, VO, and obesity were not associated with RFS. However, obesity, SO, age, sex, inflammatory status, and tumor stage were confirmed as independent factors associated with OS on multivariate analysis. In subgroup analysis, association of SO with OS was more prominent in patients with (y)p stage 0-2 and no inflammatory status.
Conclusion
The presence of SO and a low body mass index at diagnosis are negatively associated with OS in non-metastatic rectal cancer patients.

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Prognostic Implications of Extranodal Extension in Relation to Colorectal Cancer Location
Chan Wook Kim, Jihun Kim, Yangsoon Park, Dong-Hyung Cho, Jong Lyul Lee, Yong Sik Yoon, In Ja Park, Seok-Byung Lim, Chang Sik Yu, Jin Cheon Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1135-1143.   Published online November 29, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.392
Correction in: Cancer Res Treat 2021;53(3):893
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
Extranodal extension (ENE) is closely associated with the aggressiveness of both colon and rectal cancer. This study evaluated the clinicopathologic significance and prognostic impact of ENE in separate populations of patients with colon and rectal cancers.
Materials and Methods
The medical records of 2,346 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who underwent curative surgery at our institution between January 2003 and December 2011 were clinically and histologically reviewed.
Results
ENE was associated with younger age, advanced tumor stage, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and perineural invasion (PNI) in both colon and rectal cancer. ENE rates differed significantly in patients with right colon (36.9%), left colon (42.6%), and rectal (48.7%) cancers (right vs. left, p=0.037; left vs. rectum, p=0.009). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate according to ENE status and primary tumor site differed significantly in patients with ENE-negative colon cancer (80.5%), ENE-negative rectal cancer (77.4%), ENE-positive colon cancer (68.6%), and ENE-positive rectal cancer (64.2%) (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that advanced tumor stage, ENE, LVI, PNI, and absence of adjuvant chemotherapy were independently prognostic of reduced DFS in colon and rectal cancer patients.
Conclusion
ENE is closely associated with the aggressiveness of colon and rectal cancers, with its frequency increasing from the right colon to the left colon to the rectum. ENE status is a significant independent predictor of DFS in CRC patients irrespective of tumor location. ENE might be more related with distally located CRC.

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Single Immunochemical Fecal Occult Blood Test for Detection of Colorectal Neoplasia
Dae Kyung Sohn, Seung-Yong Jeong, Hyo Seong Choi, Seok-Byung Lim, Jin Myeong Huh, Dae-Hyun Kim, Dae Yong Kim, Young Hoon Kim, Hee Jin Chang, Kyung Hae Jung, Joong-Bae Ahn, Hyun Kyung Kim, Jae-Gahb Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2005;37(1):20-23.   Published online February 28, 2005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2005.37.1.20
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

This study was designed to investigate the validity of a single immunochemical fecal occult blood test (FOBT) for detection of colorectal neoplasia.

Materials and Methods

A total of 3,794 average-risk screenees and 304 colorectal cancer patients admitted to the National Cancer Center, Korea, between May 2001 and November 2002, were studied prospectively. All screenees and admitted patients underwent FOBT and total colonoscopic examinations. Stools were self-collected, and examined using an immunochemical fecal occult blood test (OC-hemodia®, Eiken Chemical Co. Tokyo, Japan) and an OC-sensor analyzer® (Eiken Chemical Co. Tokyo, Japan).

Results

Of the 3,794 asymptomatic screenees, the colonoscopy identified colorectal adenomas and cancers in 613 (16.2%) and 12 (0.3%) subjects, respectively. The sensitivities of a single immunochemical FOBT for detecting colorectal cancers and adenomas in screenees were 25.0 and 2.4%, respectively. The false positive rate of FOBT for colorectal cancer in screenees was 1.19%. For the total 316 colorectal cancer cases (including 12 cases from screenees), the FOBT sensitivities according to the T-stage were 38.5, 75.0%, 78.9 and 79.2% for T1, 2, 3 and 4 cancers, respectively. The sensitivities according to the Dukes stages A, B and C were 63.4, 79.3 and 78.6%, respectively.

Conclusion

The sensitivities of a single immunochemical FOBT for detecting colorectal cancers and adenomas in screenees were 25.0 and 2.4%, respectively. The sensitivities of FOBT were about 80% for Dukes B or C colorectal cancers and 63.4% for Dukes A.

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