Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Lung and Thoracic cancer

Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Patients with Stage IIIA/N2 Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Completely Resected after Neoadjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiation: A Prospective, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase 2 Trial: Junghoon Shin, Sehhoon Park, Kyung Hwan Kim, Eui-Cheol Shin, Hyun Ae Jung, Jong Ho Cho, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Yong Soo Choi, Jin Seok Ahn, Jhingook Kim, Keunchil Park, Young Mog Shim, Hong Kwan Kim, Jae Myoung Noh, Yong Chan Ahn, Hongryull Pyo, Myung-Ju Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(4):1084-1095. Published online April 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.084

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
Optimal treatment for stage IIIA/N2 non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is controversial. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of adjuvant pembrolizumab for stage IIIA/N2 NSCLC completely resected after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT).
Materials and Methods
In this open-label, single-center, single-arm phase 2 trial, patients with stage IIIA/N2 NSCLC received adjuvant pembrolizumab for up to 2 years after complete resection following neoadjuvant CCRT. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and safety. As an exploratory biomarker analysis, we evaluated the proliferative response of blood CD39⁺PD-1⁺CD8⁺ T cells using fold changes in the percentage of proliferating Ki-67⁺ cells from days 1 to 7 of cycle 1 (Ki-67_D7/D1).
Results
Between October 2017 and October 2018, 37 patients were enrolled. Twelve (32%) and three (8%) patients harbored EGFR and ALK alterations, respectively. Of 34 patients with programmed cell death ligand 1 assessment, 21 (62%), nine (26%), and four (12%) had a tumor proportion score of < 1%, 1%-50%, and ≥ 50%, respectively. The median follow-up was 71 months. The median DFS was 22.4 months in the overall population, with a 5-year DFS rate of 29%. The OS rate was 86% at 2 years and 76% at 5 years. Patients with tumor recurrence within 6 months had a significantly lower Ki-67D7/D1 among CD39⁺PD-1⁺CD8⁺ T cells than those without (p=0.036). No new safety signals were identified.
Conclusion
Adjuvant pembrolizumab may offer durable disease control in a subset of stage IIIA/N2 NSCLC patients after neoadjuvant CCRT and surgery.

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Endocrine cancer

Combination of Dabrafenib and Trametinib in Patients with Metastatic BRAF^V600E-Mutated Thyroid Cancer: Youngkyung Jeon, Sehhoon Park, Se-Hoon Lee, Tae Hyuk Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Myung-Ju Ahn, Hyun Ae Jung, Jae Hoon Chung; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(4):1270-1276. Published online March 6, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.1278

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
BRAF mutations are detected in 30%-80% of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cases. DaBRAFenib and trametinib showed promising antitumor activity in patients with BRAF^V600E-mutated metastatic melanoma and non–small cell lung cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of daBRAFenib and trametinib in patients with metastatic BRAF^V600E-mutated thyroid cancer.
Materials and Methods
This was a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy of daBRAFenib and trametinib in patients with metastatic BRAF^V600E-mutated PTC. The patients received daBRAFenib 150 mg twice daily and trametinib 2 mg once daily at the Samsung Medical Center. This study evaluated the progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) overall survival (OS), and safety of daBRAFenib and trametinib.
Results
Between December 2019 and January 2022, 27 PTC patients including eight patients with poorly differentiated or anaplastic transformation, received daBRAFenib and trametinib. The median age was 73.0 years, and the median follow-up period was 19.8 months. The majority (81.5%) had undergone thyroidectomy, while 8 patients had received prior systemic treatments. ORR was 73.1%, with 19 partial responses, and DCR was 92.3%. Median PFS was 21.7 months, and median OS was 21.7 months. Treatment-related adverse events included generalized weakness (29.6%), fever (25.9%), and gastrointestinal problems (22.2%). Dose reduction due to adverse events was required in 81.5% of the patients.
Conclusion
DaBRAFenib and trametinib demonstrated a high ORR with promising PFS; however, most patients with BRAF^V600E-mutated metastatic PTC required a dose reduction.

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Korean Thyroid Association Guidelines on the Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancers; Part III. Management of Advanced Differentiated Thyroid Cancers - Chapter 4. Systemic Therapy for Progressive Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer 2
Dong Yeob Shin, Ho-Cheol Kang, Sun Wook Kim, Dong Gyu Na, Young Joo Park, Young Shin Song, Eun Kyung Lee, Dong-Jun Lim, Yun Jae Chung, Won Gu Kim
International Journal of Thyroidology.2024; 17(1): 168. CrossRef
Antineoplastic Effect of ALK Inhibitor Crizotinib in Primary Human Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells with STRN–ALK Fusion In Vitro
Silvia Martina Ferrari, Francesca Ragusa, Giusy Elia, Valeria Mazzi, Eugenia Balestri, Chiara Botrini, Licia Rugani, Armando Patrizio, Simona Piaggi, Concettina La Motta, Salvatore Ulisse, Camilla Virili, Alessandro Antonelli, Poupak Fallahi
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(12): 6734. CrossRef
The Long Journey towards Personalized Targeted Therapy in Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma (PDTC): A Case Report and Systematic Review
Odysseas Violetis, Panagiota Konstantakou, Ariadni Spyroglou, Antonios Xydakis, Panagiotis B. Kekis, Sofia Tseleni, Denise Kolomodi, Manousos Konstadoulakis, George Mastorakos, Maria Theochari, Javier Aller, Krystallenia I. Alexandraki
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2024; 14(6): 654. CrossRef
Treatment of Unresectable BRAF V600E, TERT-Mutated Differentiated Papillary Thyroid Cancer With Dabrafenib and Trametinib
Neha Bapat, Tatiana Ferraro, Layal Esper, Arjun S Joshi, Faysal Haroun, Chelsey K Baldwin
JCEM Case Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Trametinib

Reactions Weekly.2024; 2035(1): 467. CrossRef

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Special Article

Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Use of Next-Generation Sequencing in Patients with Solid Cancer: A Joint Report from KSMO and KSP: Miso Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Sheehyun Kim, In Hee Lee, Jihun Kim, Shinkyo Yoon, Hyung-Don Kim, Inkeun Park, Jae Ho Jeong, Changhoon Yoo, Jaekyung Cheon, In-Ho Kim, Jieun Lee, Sook Hee Hong, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Jin Won Kim, Han Jo Kim, Yongjun Cha, Sun Min Lim, Han Sang Kim, Choong-kun Lee, Jee Hung Kim, Sang Hoon Chun, Jina Yun, So Yeon Park, Hye Seung Lee, Yong Mee Cho, Soo Jeong Nam, Kiyong Na, Sun Och Yoon, Ahwon Lee, Kee-Taek Jang, Hongseok Yun, Sungyoung Lee, Jee Hyun Kim, Wan-Seop Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(3):721-742. Published online November 29, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.1043

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: In recent years, next-generation sequencing (NGS)–based genetic testing has become crucial in cancer care. While its primary objective is to identify actionable genetic alterations to guide treatment decisions, its scope has broadened to encompass aiding in pathological diagnosis and exploring resistance mechanisms. With the ongoing expansion in NGS application and reliance, a compelling necessity arises for expert consensus on its application in solid cancers. To address this demand, the forthcoming recommendations not only provide pragmatic guidance for the clinical use of NGS but also systematically classify actionable genes based on specific cancer types. Additionally, these recommendations will incorporate expert perspectives on crucial biomarkers, ensuring informed decisions regarding circulating tumor DNA panel testing.

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Original Articles

Gastrointestinal cancer

Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Therapy for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Single-Arm, Phase II Study: Sehhoon Park, Yurimi Lee, Jiyun Lee, Yang Won Min, Hong Kwan Kim, Joon Young Choi, Hyun Ae Jung, Yong Soo Choi, Yoon-La Choi, Young Mog Shim, Jong-Mu Sun; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):567-579. Published online October 16, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.897

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Purpose
Programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have shown efficacy in metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) therapy. However, data is still limited regarding neoadjuvant immunotherapy for operable ESCC.
Materials and Methods
Patients with clinical stage T2 or T3 and N0 ESCC received three cycles of nivolumab therapy every two weeks before surgical resection. The primary endpoint is major pathologic responses (MPR) rate (≤ 10% of residual viable tumor [RVT]).
Results
Total 20 patients completed the planned nivolumab therapy. Among them, 17 patients underwent surgery as protocol, showing MPR in two patients (MPR rate, 11.8%), including one pathologic complete response, on conventional pathologic response evaluation. Pathologic response was re-evaluated using the immune-related pathologic response criteria based on immune-related RVT (irRVT). Three patients were classified as immunologic major pathologic response (iMPR; ≤ 10% irRVT, iMPR rate: 17.6%), five as pathologic partial response (> 10% and < 90% irRVT), and nine as pathologic nonresponse (≥ 90% irRVT). The combined positive score (CPS) for PD-L1 in the baseline samples was predictable for iMPR, with the probability as 37.5% in CPS ≥ 10 (3/8) and 0% in CPS < 10 (0/9).
Conclusion
Although the efficacy of neoadjuvant nivolumab therapy was modest in unselected ESCC patients, further researches on neoadjuvant immunotherapy are necessary in patients with PD-L1 expressed ESCC.

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Lung and Thoracic cancer

First-Line Alectinib vs. Brigatinib in Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer with ALK Rearrangement: Real-World Data: Youngkyung Jeon, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):61-69. Published online July 14, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.461

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Alectinib and brigatinib are second-generation anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinases (ALKs) that are widely used as first-line therapy for treating ALK-positive advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Given the lack of a head-to-head comparison of these drugs as first-line therapies, this retrospective observational study aimed to compare the real-world efficacy and safety of alectinib and brigatinib.
Materials and Methods
Patients who received alectinib or brigatinib as the first-line treatment for ALK-positive advanced NSCLC were evaluated for clinical outcomes of objective response rate (ORR), intracranial ORR, time to next treatment (TTNT), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety profiles.
Results
Of 208 patients who received either alectinib or brigatinib as a first-line treatment, 176 received alectinib and 32 received brigatinib. At the data cutoff point, the median follow-up duration was 16.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.7 to 18.3) in the brigatinib group and 27.5 months (95% CI, 24.6 to 30.4) in the alectinib group. The ORR was 92.5% with alectinib and 93.8% for brigatinib. The intracranial ORR rates were 92.7% (38/41) and 100% (10/10), respectively. The rate of PFS at 12 months was comparable between the alectinib group and the brigatinib groups (84.4% vs. 84.1%, p=0.64), and the median TTNT, PFS, and OS were not reached in either group. Treatment-related adverse events were usually mild, and treatment discontinuation due to adverse events was rare (alectinib 4.5% vs. brigatinib 6.25%).
Conclusion
Alectinib and brigatinib had similar clinical benefits when used as the first-line treatment of NSCLC patients with ALK rearrangement in the real world.

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Bridging the Gap between Trial Adverse Events and Real-World Data
Sang Hyuk Kim, Hyun Lee, Dong Won Park
Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(3): 972. CrossRef
Real‐world evidence of brigatinib as second‐line treatment after crizotinib for ALK+ non‐small cell lung cancer using South Korean claims data (K‐AREAL)
Jeong Eun Lee, Jin Hyun Nam, Sun Hong Kwon, Bo Kyung Kim, Seung Min Ha
Cancer Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Cost‐Effectiveness Analysis of Adjuvant Alectinib versus Platinum‐Based Chemotherapy in Resected ALK‐Positive Non‐Small‐Cell Lung Cancer in the Chinese Health Care System
Qiran Wei, Yifang Liang, Jiahui Mao, Xin Guan
Cancer Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Expanded Access Program Pralsetinib in Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer with Rearranged during Transfection (RET) Gene Rearrangement: Youngkyung Jeon, Hyun Ae Jung, Sehhoon Park, Jong-Mu Sun, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn, Keunchil Park, Se-Hoon Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1144-1151. Published online May 22, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.403

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Rearranged during transfection (RET) gene rearrangement is a well-known driver event in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pralsetinib is a selective inhibitor of RET kinase and has shown efficacy in oncogenic RET-altered tumors. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of expanded access program (EAP) use of pralsetinib in pretreated, advanced NSCLC patients with RET rearrangement.
Materials and Methods
Patients who received pralsetinib as part of the EAP at Samsung Medical Center were evaluated through a retrospective chart review. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) per the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) ver. 1.1 guidelines. Secondary endpoints were duration of response, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety profiles.
Results
Between April 2020 and September 2021, 23 of 27 patients were enrolled in the EAP study. Two patients who were not analyzed due to brain metastasis and two patients whose expected survival was within 1 month were excluded from the analysis. After a median follow-up period of 15.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.0 to 21.2), ORR was 56.5%, the median PFS was 12.1 months (95% CI, 3.3 to 20.9), and the 12-month OS rate was 69.6%. The most frequent treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were edema (43.5%) and pneumonitis (39.1%). A total of 8.7% of patients experienced extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. TRAEs with a common grade of three or worse were neutropenia (43.5%) and anemia (34.8%). Dose reduction was required in nine patients (39.1%).
Conclusion
Pralsetinib presents a clinical benefit when used in patients with RET-rearranged NSCLC, consistent with a pivotal study.

Citations

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Real-World Outcomes of Pralsetinib in RET Fusion-Positive NSCLC
Francesca Lucibello, Valérie Gounant, Mihaela Aldea, Michaël Duruisseaux, Maurice Perol, Christos Chouaid, Jaafar Bennouna, Vincent Fallet, Aldo Renault, Florian Guisier, Etienne Giroux-Leprieur, Marie Wislez, Anne-Claire Toffart, Julien Mazieres, Clémenc
JTO Clinical and Research Reports.2025; 6(1): 100743. CrossRef
Clinical evidence and adverse event management update of patients with RET- rearranged advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with pralsetinib
Giuseppe Lo Russo, Paolo Bironzo, Chiara Bennati, Laura Bonanno, Annamaria Catino, Giulio Metro, Iacopo Petrini, Marco Russano, Antonio Passaro
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2024; 194: 104243. CrossRef
RET Fusion Testing in Patients With NSCLC: The RETING Study
Esther Conde, Susana Hernandez, Jose Luis Rodriguez Carrillo, Rebeca Martinez, Marta Alonso, Daniel Curto, Beatriz Jimenez, Alejandra Caminoa, Amparo Benito, Pilar Garrido, Sergi Clave, Edurne Arriola, Isabel Esteban-Rodriguez, Javier De Castro, Irene San
JTO Clinical and Research Reports.2024; 5(4): 100653. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of pralsetinib in patients with RET fusion positive non–small cell lung cancer: An observational real world study
Dehua Liao, Minghui Long, Jiwen Zhang, Xingyu Wei, Fei Li, Ting Yan, Desong Yang
Lung Cancer.2024; 196: 107936. CrossRef

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Head and Neck cancer

Phase II Trial of Combined Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab with Proton Therapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Hana Kim, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Se-Hoon Lee, Keunchil Park, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh, Myung-Ju Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1104-1112. Published online May 17, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.502

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This phase II study investigated whether durvalumab/tremelimumab with proton therapy improves the objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) in heavily treated recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients.
Materials and Methods
Patients who previously received more than one chemotherapy, including at least one platinum-based regimen, and who had at least two measurable lesions were enrolled. Patients received 1,500 mg durvalumab intravenously combined with 75 mg tremelimumab intravenously every 4 weeks for four cycles followed by 1,500 mg durvalumab every 4 weeks. After one cycle of the durvalumab/tremelimumab treatment, proton therapy was given with a total dose of 25 Gy in 5 Gy daily fractions to one of the measurable lesions. We also assessed the ORR in the target lesion outside the radiation field to evaluate the abscopal effect.
Results
Thirty-one patients were enrolled between March 2018 and July 2020. With 8.6 months of follow-up, the ORR was 22.6% (7/31), including one complete response and six partial responses. The median OS was 8.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5 to 14.3) and the median PFS was 2.4 months (95% CI, 0.6 to 4.2). Among the 23 evaluable patients who completed proton therapy, the ORR was 30.4% (7/23). The median OS was 11.1 months (95% CI, 6.5 to 15.8), and the median PFS was 3.7 months (95% CI, 1.6 to 5.7). Grade 3 or higher adverse events were observed in six patients (19.4%) as follows: anemia (n=1), constipation (n=1), electrolyte imbalances (n=2), hyperglycemia (n=1), and pneumonia (n=1).
Conclusion
The combination of durvalumab/tremelimuab with proton therapy was tolerated well and had encouraging anti-tumor efficacy in non-irradiated tumor lesions of heavily treated HNSCC patients.

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Abscopal effect in maxillary sinus cancer: Insights from two case reports and a literature review
Akihiro Sakai, Koji Ebisumoto, Hiroaki Iijima, Mayu Yamauchi, Daisuke Maki, Tsuyoshi Fukuzawa, Kenji Okami
Cancer Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Solid tumours showing oligoprogression to immune checkpoint inhibitors have the potential for abscopal effects
Makoto Ito, Souichiro Abe, Sou Adachi, Yukihiko Oshima, Arisa Takeuchi, Wataru Ohashi, Takashi Iwata, Tetsuya Ogawa, Akiko Ota, Yasuaki Kubota, Takahito Okuda, Kojiro Suzuki
Japanese Journal of Radiology.2024; 42(4): 424. CrossRef
Durvalumab with or without tremelimumab for patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Xiao Han, Haidong Zhang, Kai Sun, Jing Li, Wanjuan Wu, Kai Liu, Zhenkun Yu
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Kaplan lecture 2023: lymphopenia in particle therapy
Marco Durante
International Journal of Radiation Biology.2024; 100(5): 669. CrossRef
Clinical application of high‐LET radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy in malignant tumors
Kexin Meng, Haijun Lu
Precision Radiation Oncology.2024; 8(1): 42. CrossRef
Research progress of immunotherapy for advanced head and neck cancer
Anchi Sun, Zhiwei Xing, Rongrong Lv, Pengyuan Niu, Bao Zhao, Shiyin Ma, Hui Li
Medical Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A review and bibliometric analysis of global research on proton radiotherapy
Ge Song, Zhi Zheng, Yingming Zhu, Yaoting Wang, Song Xue
Medicine.2024; 103(19): e38089. CrossRef
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Review
Rina Jiang, Mike Fritz, Syril Keena T. Que
Cancers.2024; 16(10): 1800. CrossRef
Radiotherapy and immunology
Liangliang Wang, Connor Lynch, Sean P. Pitroda, András Piffkó, Kaiting Yang, Amy K. Huser, Hua Laura Liang, Ralph R. Weichselbaum
Journal of Experimental Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Evolving Paradigm of Immunotherapy in Head-and-neck Squamous Cell Cancers
Riccardo Gili, Paolo Bossi
Journal of Head & Neck Physicians and Surgeons.2024; 12(1): 13. CrossRef
Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancers: A Paradigm Shift in Treatment Approach
Alessia Zotta, Maria Luisa Marciano, Francesco Sabbatino, Alessandro Ottaiano, Marco Cascella, Monica Pontone, Massimo Montano, Ester Calogero, Francesco Longo, Morena Fasano, Teresa Troiani, Fortunato Ciardiello, Fabiana Raffaella Rampetta, Giovanni Salz
Biomedicines.2024; 12(10): 2337. CrossRef

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Lung and Thoracic cancer

The Role of Brain Radiotherapy before First-Line Afatinib Therapy, Compared to Gefitinib or Erlotinib, in Patients with EGFR-Mutant Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Hyun Ae Jung, Sehhoon Park, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn, Jong-Mu Sun; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):479-487. Published online December 27, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1344

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Brain metastasis is common in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–mutant non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at initial presentation. A previous study showed that brain radiotherapy (RT) before first-generation (first-G) EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy is associated with longer overall survival than TKI therapy alone. However, there is no data regarding the role of additional brain RT before afatinib therapy.
Materials and Methods
Between October 2014 and June 2019, EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with brain metastases who started first-G EGFR-TKIs (gefitinib or erlotinib) or afatinib as first-line therapy were retrospectively analyzed. This study compared overall survival and intracranial progression-free survival (PFS) between patients who received EGFR-TKIs alone and EGFR-TKIs with brain RT and either a first-G EGFR-TKI or afatinib, respectively.
Results
The median follow-up duration was 29.6 months (range, 1.5 to 116.9 months). In the first-G EGFR-TKI group (n=155), 94 patients (60.6%) received the first-G EGFR-TKI alone and 61 patients (39.4%) received brain RT prior to their first-G EGFR-TKI. In the afatinib group (n=204), 126 patients (61.8%) received afatinib alone and 78 patients (38.2%) received brain RT prior to afatinib. There was no difference in overall survival rates between the groups with RT (35.6 months: 95% confidence interval [CI], 27.9 to 43.3) and without RT (31.4 months: 95% CI, 23.9 to 38.9) in the afatinib group (p=0.58), but there was a significant difference in overall survival in the first-G EGFR-TKI group in a manner favoring additional brain RT (41.1 months: 95% CI, 30.5 to 51.7 vs. 25.8 months: 95% CI, 20.1 to 31.5; p=0.02). Meanwhile, median intracranial PFS was not different between patients who received EGFR-TKI therapy alone vs. EGFR-TKI therapy with brain RT in both the first-G EGFR-TKI (p=0.39) and afatinib (p=0.24) groups.
Conclusion
Afatinib therapy alone showed comparable survival outcomes to those of afatinib with brain RT. The current study suggests that brain RT could be an optional, not mandatory, treatment modality when afatinib therapy is considered in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC.

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Radiation Recall Pneumonitis: The Open Challenge in Differential Diagnosis of Pneumonia Induced by Oncological Treatments
Francesca Grassi, Vincenza Granata, Roberta Fusco, Federica De Muzio, Carmen Cutolo, Michela Gabelloni, Alessandra Borgheresi, Ginevra Danti, Carmine Picone, Andrea Giovagnoni, Vittorio Miele, Nicoletta Gandolfo, Antonio Barile, Valerio Nardone, Roberta G
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(4): 1442. CrossRef
Dacomitinib in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer with brain metastasis: a single-arm, phase II study
H.A. Jung, S. Park, S.-H. Lee, J.S. Ahn, M.-J. Ahn, J.-M. Sun
ESMO Open.2023; 8(6): 102068. CrossRef
Recent advances progress of targeted drugs combined with radiotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a review
Jiamin Xu, Zhongming Wang
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Cancer-Specific Sequences in the Diagnosis and Treatment of NUT Carcinoma: Mi-Sook Lee, Sungbin An, Ji-Young Song, Minjung Sung, Kyungsoo Jung, Eun Sol Chang, Juyoung Choi, Doo-Yi Oh, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Hobin Yang, Chaithanya Lakshmi, Sehhoon Park, Joungho Han, Se-Hoon Lee, Yoon-La Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):452-467. Published online October 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.910

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
NUT carcinoma (NC) is a solid tumor caused by the rearrangement of NUTM1 that usually develops in midline structures, such as the thorax. No standard treatment has been established despite high lethality. Thus, we investigated whether targeting the junction region of NUTM1 fusion breakpoints could serve as a potential treatment option for NC.
Materials and Methods
We designed and evaluated a series of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting the junction region of BRD4-NUTM1 fusion (B4N), the most common form of NUTM1 fusion. Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction using the blood of patients was also tested to evaluate the treatment responses by the junction sequence of the B4N fusion transcripts.
Results
As expected, the majority of NC fusion types were B4N (12 of 18, 67%). B4N fusion-specific siRNA treatment on NC cells showed specific inhibitory effects on the B4N fusion transcript and fusion protein without affecting the endogenous expression of the parent genes, resulting in decreased relative cell growth and attenuation of tumor size. In addition, the fusion transcript levels in platelet-rich-plasma samples of the NC patients with systemic metastasis showed a negative correlation with therapeutic effect, suggesting its potential as a measure of treatment responsiveness.
Conclusion
This study suggests that tumor-specific sequences could be used to treat patients with fusion genes as part of precision medicine for a rare but deadly disease.

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Indirect targeting of MYC and direct targeting in combination with chemotherapies are more effective than direct mono-targeting in triple negative breast cancer
Negesse Mekonnen, Hobin Yang, Nirmal Rajasekaran, Kyoung Song, Yoon-La Choi, Young Kee Shin
Translational Oncology.2025; 51: 102204. CrossRef
NUT-midline carcinoma of the lung with rare BRD3-NUTM1 fusion
Prerana Jha, Vaishakhi Trivedi, Nandini Menon, Minit Shah, Irene A George, Rohit Mishra, Trupti Pai, Fuzail Ahmad, Venkataramanan Ramachandran, Vanita Noronha, Kumar Prabhash, Prashant Kumar
Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment.2024; 7(1): 110. CrossRef

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EGFR Mutation–Positive Unresectable Stage III Non-Squamous Lung Cancer Is Associated with a High Incidence of Brain Metastasis: Hongsik Kim, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(2):498-505. Published online October 4, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.388

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The impact of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation in locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. This study was conducted to investigate the clinical outcomes and recurrence patterns after definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with unresectable stage III non-squamous-cell lung cancer according to EGFR mutation status.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 604 patients with pathologically confirmed stage III NSCLC who were treated with definitive CRT and were examined for EGFR mutation at Samsung Medical Center, Korea, from January 2013 to December 2018. Among them, we identified 236 patients with stage III non-squamous-cell lung cancer who were treated with definitive CRT and were examined for EGFR mutation status. We analyzed the frequency of EGFR mutation, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and recurrence pattern.
Results
Among 236 patients, EGFR mutation was detected in 71 patients (30.1%) and the median follow-up duration was 41.7 months. There were no significant differences in PFS (9.9 vs. 10.9 months, p=0.236), and ORR to CRT (93.0% vs. 90.3%, p=0.623) according to EGFR mutation status. However, the EGFR mutant group showed significantly higher recurrence (88.7% vs. 75.2%, p=0.022), distant metastasis (76.1% vs. 61.2%, p=0.036) rates, especially brain (38.0% vs. 12.7%, p < 0.001), and better median OS (59.2 vs. 41.3 months, p=0.037) compared with patients without EGFR mutation.
Conclusion
Patients with EGFR mutation–positive unresectable stage III non-squamous lung cancer exhibited higher recurrence and distant metastasis rates, especially brain metastasis.

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Brain metastasis screening in the molecular age
Joanna K Tabor, Amanda Onoichenco, Vinayak Narayan, A Gabriella Wernicke, Randy S D’Amico, Morana Vojnic
Neuro-Oncology Advances.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Case Report

Osimertinib Combined with Systemic Chemotherapy for EGFR Mutant, T790M-Negative, Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Who Develop Leptomeningeal Metastases with Extracranial Progression to Prior EGFR TKI: Hye Ryeon Kim, Hyunji Jo, Hongsik Kim, Joohyun Hong, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin-Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(1):344-349. Published online March 26, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1603

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Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a rare but fatal clinical condition with a short survival time. The incidence of LM from epidermal growth factor receptor mutant (EGFRm) non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has increased due to the limited efficacy of first- or second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the central nervous system (CNS). Osimertinib is a third-generation, irreversible, CNS penetrant, oral EGFR TKI that demonstrates promising efficacy in CNS metastases regardless of T790M. Herein, we report four cases of T790M-negative EGFRm NSCLC patients treated with osimertinib combined with systemic chemotherapy, who progressed on prior EGFR TKI and developed LM with extracranial lesions. The combination treatment was well tolerated, and the mean overall survival from LM diagnosis was 14.7 months (95% confidence interval, 10.4 to 19.0). These results suggest that osimertinib combined with systemic chemotherapy would be a reasonable treatment option for T790M-negative EGFRm NSCLC patients who develop LM with extracranial progression to prior EGFR TKI. A further prospective study is warranted.

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An overview of the therapeutic strategies for neoplastic meningitis due to breast cancer: when and why?
Mainak Bardhan, Debankur Dey, Vinay Suresh, Binish Javed, Vyshak Alva Venur, Neha Joe, Ritvika Kalidindi, Ahmad Ozair, Marium Khan, Reshma Mahtani, Simon Lo, Yazmin Odia, Manmeet S. Ahluwalia
Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics.2024; 24(1): 77. CrossRef
Osimertinib is associated with improved outcomes in pre-treated non-small cell lung cancer leptomeningeal metastases: A systematic review and meta-analysis
David J.H. Bian, Anna-Maria Lazaratos, Sarah M. Maritan, Andrea Quaiattini, Zhimin Zeng, Zhengfei Zhu, Ugur Sener, Rachna Malani, Yu Jung Kim, Eiki Ichihara, Victor Cohen, April A.N. Rose, Nathaniel Bouganim, Matthew Dankner
Heliyon.2024; 10(9): e29668. CrossRef
Antineoplastics

Reactions Weekly.2023; 1943(1): 90. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Head and Neck cancer

A Single-Arm, Prospective, Phase II Study of Cisplatin Plus Weekly Docetaxel as First-Line Therapy in Patients with Metastatic or Recurrent Salivary Gland Cancer: Hye Ryeon Kim, Su Jin Lee, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Se-Hoon Lee, Han-Sin Jeong, Man Ki Chung, Myung-Ju Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):719-727. Published online November 1, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1019

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Purpose
Salivary gland cancers (SGCs) are relatively rare but comprise various histologic subtypes, which complicates design of prospective trials. Systemic chemotherapy plays a limited role in treatment of SGCs, but cisplatin and docetaxel showed efficacy in a previous preclinical study. Here, we conduct a prospective, phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicities of cisplatin plus weekly docetaxel in patients with metastatic or recurrent SGC.
Materials and Methods
We included patients with histologically confirmed SGCs of the following subtypes: mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, ductal carcinoma, or adenoid cystic carcinoma. Patients had no prior systemic chemotherapy for metastatic or recurrent tumors and at least one measurable lesion. Patients were treated with docetaxel 35 mg/m2 (D1, 8) and cisplatin 70 mg/m2 (D1) every 21 days.
Results
Forty-one patients were enrolled between April 2014 and October 2020. The median age was 58 years (range, 32 to 73 years). The most common histologic subtype was adenoid cystic carcinoma (63.4%), followed by ductal carcinoma (24.4%). The most common metastatic site was the lung (75.6%). The median treatment cycle was 5.5 (range, 3 to 8), and the objective response rate was 46.3%, with three complete responses. The median duration of response was 6.8 months (interquartile range, 4.0 to 10.2). The progression-free survival and overall survival were 9.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.4 to 10.5) and 28.2 months (95% CI, 22.7 to 33.6), respectively. There were no treatment-related deaths. The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were neutropenia (4.9%) and fatigue (4.9%).
Conclusion
Cisplatin plus weekly docetaxel is effective and tolerable with manageable toxicity as first-line therapy in patients with metastatic or recurrent SGC.

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Systemic and Targeted Therapies in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Alec J. Kacew, Glenn J. Hanna
Current Treatment Options in Oncology.2023; 24(1): 45. CrossRef
Major and minor salivary gland cancers: A multicenter retrospective study
Muhammet Bekir Hacioglu, Bulent Erdogan, Murat Bardakcı, Efnan Algın, Burcu Gulbagcı, Ilhan Hacibekiroglu, Jamshid Hamdard, Omer Fatih Olmez, Hadi Akkus, Berna Oksuzoglu, Sema Sezgin Goksu, Shute Ailia Dae, Ahmet Taner Sumbul, Muzaffer Ugraklı, Mustafa Ka
Head & Neck.2023; 45(7): 1643. CrossRef
Prognostic Significance of Primary Tumor Surgery in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Patients With Distant Metastases at Diagnosis: A Population-Based Database Analysis in Head and Neck Region
Han Li, Li Zhao, Yixuan Song, Yang Liu, Song Ni, Shaoyan Liu
Ear, Nose & Throat Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Therapeutic Landscape of Salivary Gland Malignancies—Where Are We Now?
Robbert Cleymaet, Tijl Vermassen, Renaat Coopman, Hubert Vermeersch, Stijn De Keukeleire, Sylvie Rottey
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(23): 14891. CrossRef

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Lung and Thoracic cancer

Long-term Survival in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Metachronous Brain-Only Oligorecurrence Who Underwent Definitive Treatment: Hongsik Kim, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Myung-Ju Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):150-156. Published online May 6, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.306

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Purpose
Metachronous brain-only oligorecurrence in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a rare event with favorable prognosis, but the clinical outcome has not been fully determined. We retrospectively analyzed clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in metachronous brain-only oligorecurrence in patients with NSCLC who underwent definitive treatment.
Materials and Methods
We reviewed 4,437 NSCLC patients without oncogenic driver mutations who underwent definitive treatment between 2008 and 2018. Among them, we identified 327 patients who developed 1 to 5 brain metastases with or without systemic metastasis. Of the 327 patients, 71 had metachronous brain-only oligorecurrence without extracranial progression and were treated with local therapy to the brain. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and prognostic factors affecting OS were analyzed.
Results
The median OS was 38.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.8 to 56.1 months) in 71 patients. The 2-year OS rate was 67.8% and the 5-year OS rate was 33.1%. The median PFS was 25.5 months (95% CI, 12.2 to 14.4 months). The longest surviving patient had a survival period of 115 months. Through multivariate analysis, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ≥ 1 (hazard ratio, 5.33; p=0.005) was associated with poor survival. There was no significant difference in OS between patients with local therapy and those with local plus systemic therapy (18.5 months vs. 34.7 months, p=0.815).
Conclusion
Metachronous brain-only oligorecurrence NSCLC patients who underwent definitive treatment experienced long-term survival with local therapy, highlighting the unique patient population. The role of systemic chemotherapy in this patient population requires further investigation.

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Brain Metastasis of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer After Disease-Free Survival of 5 years: Case Series and Comprehensive Literature Review
Takahiro Suzuki, Shoichi Deguchi, Keigo Matsushima, Shinya Katsumata, Hideaki Kojima, Maeda Koki, Hayato Konno, Mitsuhiro Isaka, Takuma Oishi, Yasuhisa Ohde, Takashi Sugino, Koichi Mitsuya, Nakamasa Hayashi
World Neurosurgery.2024; 186: e353. CrossRef
Complex situations in lung cancer: multifocal disease, oligoprogression and oligorecurrence
Raphael Werner, Nina Steinmann, Herbert Decaluwe, Hiroshi Date, Dirk De Ruysscher, Isabelle Opitz
European Respiratory Review.2024; 33(172): 230200. CrossRef

6,075 View
154 Download
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Case Report

EGFR C797S as a Resistance Mechanism of Lazertinib in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with EGFR T790M Mutation: Sehhoon Park, Bo Mi Ku, Hyun Ae Jung, Jong-Mu Sun, Jin Seok Ahn, Se-Hoon Lee, Keunchil Park, Myung-Ju Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(4):1288-1290. Published online June 22, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.278

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The non-small cell lung cancer with activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation eventually acquires resistant to either first or second-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). As the following option, targeting EGFR T790M with third-generation EGFR TKI is now established as a standard treatment option. In this study, we are reporting the first case of resistance mechanism to the novel third-generation EGFR TKI, lazertinib, which showed promising clinical efficacy in phase 1-2 study. The patients showed resistance to the treatment by acquiring the additional EGFR C797S mutation in cis which is also confirmed from the patient-derived cell lines.

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Research Advances of Small Molecule EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC
亚南胡
Pharmacy Information.2024; 13(01): 1. CrossRef
An assessment of EGFR and HER2 inhibitors with structure activity relationship of fused pyrimidine derivatives for breast cancer: a brief review
Prasad Sanjay Dhiwar, Gurubasavaraja Swamy Purawarga Matada, Rohit Pal, Ekta Singh, Abhishek Ghara, Lalmohan Maji, Sindhuja Sengupta, Ganesh Andhale
Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics.2024; 42(3): 1564. CrossRef
The efficacy of almonertinib and anlotinib combination therapy for advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer patients who continued to experience cancer progression during third‐generation EGFR‐TKI treatment: a retrospective study
Yu Zhang, Chengmeng Wang, Jing Zhao, Meng Wang
Thoracic Cancer.2024; 15(23): 1757. CrossRef
Successful treatment of a patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma (EGFR-T790M and C797S cis) with lazertinib: A case report and literature review
Yue Fang, Qiankun Zhang, Weimin Wang, Juanjuan Tong, Xialin Li
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
A Review on Fused Pyrimidine Systems as EGFR Inhibitors and Their Structure–Activity Relationship
Tanuja T. Yadav, Gulam Moin Shaikh, Maushmi S. Kumar, Meena Chintamaneni, Mayur YC
Frontiers in Chemistry.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Structural Basis for Inhibition of Mutant EGFR with Lazertinib (YH25448)
David E. Heppner, Florian Wittlinger, Tyler S. Beyett, Tatiana Shaurova, Daniel A. Urul, Brian Buckley, Calvin D. Pham, Ilse K. Schaeffner, Bo Yang, Blessing C. Ogboo, Earl W. May, Erik M. Schaefer, Michael J. Eck, Stefan A. Laufer, Pamela A. Hershberger
ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters.2022; 13(12): 1856. CrossRef
Potentiating Therapeutic Effects of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Kyu Sic You, Yong Weon Yi, Jeonghee Cho, Jeong-Soo Park, Yeon-Sun Seong
Pharmaceuticals.2021; 14(6): 589. CrossRef
Paired analysis of tumor mutation burden calculated by targeted deep sequencing panel and whole exome sequencing in non-small cell lung cancer
Sehhoon Park, Chung Lee, Bo Mi Ku, Minjae Kim, Woong-Yang Park, Nayoung K. D. Kim, Myung-Ju Ahn
BMB Reports.2021; 54(7): 386. CrossRef

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Original Article

Pemetrexed Singlet Versus Nonpemetrexed-Based Platinum Doublet as Second-Line Chemotherapy after First-Line Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Failure in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with EGFR Mutations: Sehhoon Park, Bhumsuk Keam, Se Hyun Kim, Ki Hwan Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Jin-Soo Kim, Tae Min Kim, Se-Hoon Lee, Dong-Wan Kim, Jong Seok Lee, Dae Seog Heo; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):630-637. Published online February 16, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.244

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Purpose
Platinum-based doublet chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the role of a platinum-based doublet as second-line therapy after failure of an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for NSCLC patients has not yet been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of pemetrexed versus a platinum-based doublet as second-line therapy after failure of EGFR TKI used as first-line therapy for NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations. Materials and Methods We designed a multicenter retrospective cohort study of 314 NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations who received an EGFR TKI as first-line palliative chemotherapy. Our analysis included 83 patients who failed EGFR TKI therapy and received second-line cytotoxic chemotherapy.
Results
Forty-six patients were treated using a platinum-based doublet and 37 patients were treated using singlet pemetrexed. The overall response rates of patients receiving a platinum-based doublet and patients receiving pemetrexed were17.4% and 32.4%, respectively (p=0.111). The median progression-free survival (PFS) of patients receiving pemetrexed was significantly longer than that of patients receiving a platinum-based doublet (4.2 months vs. 2.7 months, respectively; p=0.008). The hazard ratio was 0.54 (95% confidence interval, 0.34 to 0.86; p=0.009). Conclusion Our retrospective analysis found that second-line pemetrexed singlet therapy provided significantly prolonged PFS compared to second-line platinum-based doublet chemotherapy for NSCLC patients with EGFRmutations who failed first-line EGFR TKI. Conduct of prospective studies for confirmation of our results is warranted.

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Real-world osimertinib pretreatment experience in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor T790M mutation-positive locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer
Gee-Chen Chang, Jin-Yuan Shih, Chong-Jen Yu, Heng-Sheng Chao, Cheng-Ta Yang, Chien-Chung Lin, Jen-Yu Hung, Sheng-Yen Hsiao, Chin-Chou Wang, Chih-Feng Chian, Te-Chun Hsia, Yuh-Min Chen, Chien-Feng Li
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(5): e0303046. CrossRef
Targeting CD73 to Overcomes Resistance to First-Generation EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Miso Kim, Soyeon Kim, Jeemin Yim, Bhumsuk Keam, Tae Min Kim, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Dong-Wan Kim, Dae Seog Heo
Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(4): 1134. CrossRef
A meta-analysis of the safety and effectiveness of pemetrexed compared with gefitinib for pre-treated advanced or metastatic NSCLC
Xiaoxin Lu, Shengshu Li, Weizong Chen, Dongyang Zheng, Yuzhu Li, Fang Li
Medicine.2020; 99(29): e21170. CrossRef
A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase II Study Comparing Pemetrexed Plus Cisplatin Followed by Maintenance Pemetrexed versus Pemetrexed Alone in Patients with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)-Mutant Non-small Cell Lung Cancer after Failure of First-Line
Kwai Han Yoo, Su Jin Lee, Jinhyun Cho, Ki Hyeong Lee, Keon Uk Park, Ki Hwan Kim, Eun Kyung Cho, Yoon Hee Choi, Hye Ryun Kim, Hoon-Gu Kim, Heui June Ahn, Ha Yeon Lee, Hwan Jung Yun, Jin-Hyoung Kang, Jaeheon Jeong, Moon Young Choi, Sin-Ho Jung, Jong-Mu Sun,
Cancer Research and Treatment.2019; 51(2): 718. CrossRef
Overexpression of PTEN may increase the effect of pemetrexed on A549 cells via inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and carbohydrate metabolism
Bo Li, Junkai Zhang, Ya Su, Yiling Hou, Zhenguo Wang, Lin Zhao, Shengkai Sun, Hao Fu
Molecular Medicine Reports.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Pemetrexed versus Gefitinib as Second-line Treatment for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials
Huiyu Wang, Zunjing Zhang, Feng Liu, Miaoying Zhou, Handi Lv
Pteridines.2019; 30(1): 171. CrossRef
Treatment Patterns by EGFR Mutation Status in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients in the USA: A Retrospective Database Analysis
Kathleen M. Aguilar, Katherine B. Winfree, Catherine E. Muehlenbein, Yajun Emily Zhu, Thomas Wilson, Stewart Wetmore, Eric S. Nadler
Advances in Therapy.2018; 35(11): 1905. CrossRef
The prognostic value of CT radiomic features for patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Hyungjin Kim, Chang Min Park, Bhumsuk Keam, Sang Joon Park, Miso Kim, Tae Min Kim, Dong-Wan Kim, Dae Seog Heo, Jin Mo Goo, Fan Yang
PLOS ONE.2017; 12(11): e0187500. CrossRef
Strategies to Improve Outcomes of Patients with EGFR-Mutant Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Review of the Literature
Caicun Zhou, Luan Di Yao
Journal of Thoracic Oncology.2016; 11(2): 174. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of rechallenge treatment with gefitinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Federico Cappuzzo, Alessandro Morabito, Nicola Normanno, Paolo Bidoli, Alessandro Del Conte, Laura Giannetta, Agnese Montanino, Francesca Mazzoni, Roberta Buosi, Marco Angelo Burgio, Giulio Cerea, Rita Chiari, Diego Cortinovis, Giovanna Finocchiaro, Luisa
Lung Cancer.2016; 99: 31. CrossRef
Unravelling signal escape through maintained EGFR activation in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): new treatment options
Jordi Remon, Benjamin Besse
ESMO Open.2016; 1(4): e000081. CrossRef
Pemetrexed plus platinum versus pemetrexed alone in non-small cell lung cancer patients who have progressed after first-line EGFR TKIs
Su Jin Lee, Jong-Mu Sun, Se Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Myung-Ju Ahn
Lung Cancer.2015; 90(2): 261. CrossRef

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