Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Normal Brain-Sparing Radiotherapy versus Whole Brain Radiotherapy for Multiple Brain Metastasis from Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Sangjoon Park, Jaeho Cho, Kyung Hwan Kim, Hong In Yoon, Chang Geol Lee; Received July 23, 2024 Accepted December 2, 2024 Published online December 3, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.679 [Epub ahead of print]

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Purpose
The efficacy and lower neurotoxicity of normal brain-sparing radiotherapy (NBS-RT) with systemic therapy in treating multiple brain metastases from non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is underexplored. This study compares whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and NBS-RT for multiple brain metastases in NSCLC, focusing on treatment outcomes and leukoencephalopathy.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study included 503 patients with NSCLC with multiple brain metastases at a single center, treated with either WBRT or NBS-RT. Post-RT treatments included chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. Main outcomes measured were intracranial control, overall survival (OS), and leukoencephalopathy incidence.
Results
In this study, 441 patients received WBRT and 62 received NBS-RT, with median ages of 62 and 61 years, respectively. A significant portion of both groups, 77.3% in WBRT and 80.6% in NBS-RT, received post-RT systemic therapy. The median number of brain metastases was 10 for WBRT and 12 for NBS-RT, with median maximal diameters of 11.7 mm in WBRT and 14.4 mm in NBS-RT. After a median follow-up of 10.9 months for WBRT and 11.8 months for NBS-RT, there were no significant differences in intracranial progression (p=0.516) or OS (p=0.492) between the groups. However, WBRT patients had a higher incidence of leukoencephalopathy than NBS-RT patients (p=0.013).
Conclusion
NBS-RT combined with systemic therapy was as effective in treating multiple brain metastases as WBRT and was less toxic. NBS-RT-based strategies deserve further investigation in a prospective setting.

Citations

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Characteristics and Treatment Advances of Postoperative Brain Metastasis in Different Lung Cancer Histological Types
Changming Dong, Xuebin Yu, Wuqiao Bao
Current Problems in Surgery.2025; : 101785. CrossRef

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Breast cancer

Assessment of Eligibility and Utilization of Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation in Korean Breast Cancer Patients (KROG 22-15): Seok-Joo Chun, Ji Hwan Jo, Yong Bae Kim, Sangjoon Park, Sung-Ja Ahn, Su Ssan Kim, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):549-556. Published online December 8, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.1109

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Purpose
We investigated the proportions of patients eligible for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) among those with pT1-2N0 breast cancer, based on the criteria set by the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO), the Groupe Européen de Curiethérapie and the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (GEC-ESTRO), the American Brachytherapy Society (ABS), and the American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBS). Additionally, we analyzed the rate of APBI utilization among eligible patients.
Materials and Methods
Patients diagnosed with pT1-2N0 breast cancer in 2019 were accrued in four tertiary medical centers in Korea. All patients had undergone breast conserving surgery followed by radiotherapy, either whole breast irradiation or APBI. To determine which guideline best predicts the use of APBI in Korea, the F1 score and Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) were determined for each guideline.
Results
A total of 1,251 patients were analyzed, of whom 196 (15.7%) underwent APBI. The percentages of eligible patients identified by the ASTRO, GEC-ESTRO, ABS, and ASBS criteria were 13.7%, 21.0%, 50.5%, and 63.5%, respectively. APBI was used to treat 54.4%, 37.2%, 27.1%, and 23.7% of patients eligible by the ASTRO, GEC-ESTRO, ABS, and ASBS criteria, respectively. The ASTRO guideline exhibited the highest F1 score (0.76) and MCC (0.67), thus showing the best prediction of APBI utilization in Korea.
Conclusion
The proportion of Korean breast cancer patients who are candidates for APBI is substantial. The actual rate of APBI utilization among eligible patients may suggest there is a room for risk-stratified optimization in offering radiation therapy.

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Impact of the ASTRO 2024 Guideline on Partial Breast Irradiation Eligibility in Breast Cancer Patients (KROG 24-01)
Seok-Joo Chun, Sangjoon Park, Yong Bae Kim, Sung-Ja Ahn, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin
Practical Radiation Oncology.2025; 15(3): e230. CrossRef

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Survival and Functional Outcome after Treatment for Primary Base of Tongue Cancer: A Comparison of Definitive Chemoradiotherapy versus Surgery Followed by Adjuvant Radiotherapy: Sangjoon Park, Yeona Cho, Jeongshim Lee, Yoon Woo Koh, Se-Heon Kim, Eun Chang Choi, Hye Ryun Kim, Ki Chang Keum, Kyung Ran Park, Chang Geol Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50(4):1214-1225. Published online December 26, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.498

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Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and functional outcomes in patients with primary base of tongue (BOT) cancer who received definitive radiotherapy (RT) or surgery followed by radiotherapy (SRT).
Materials and Methods
Between January 2002 andDecember 2016, 102 patientswith stage I-IVB primary BOT cancer underwent either definitive RT (n=46) or SRT (n=56), and treatment outcomeswere compared between two groups. The expression of p16 was also analyzed.
Results
The RT group had more patients with advanced T stage (T3-4) disease (58.7% vs. 35.7%, p=0.021) and who received chemotherapy (91.3% vs. 37.5%, p < 0.001) than the SRT group. At a median followup of 36.9 months (range, 3.3 to 181.5 months), the 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were 75.5% and 68.7%, respectively. With respect to treatment group, the 5-year OS and DFS in the RT and SRT groups did not differ significantly (OS, 68.7% vs. 80.5%, p=0.601; DFS, 63.1% vs. 73.1%, p=0.653). In multivariate analysis, OS differed significantly according to p16 expression (p16-negative vs. p16- positive; hazard ratio [HR], 0.145; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.025 to 0.853; p=0.033). Regarding DFS, p16 expression (p16-negative vs. p16-positive; HR, 0.164; 95% CI, 0.045 to 0.598; p=0.006) showed a significant effect in multivariate analysis. Functional defects (late grade ≥ 3 dysphagia or voice alteration) were more frequently reported in the SRT than in the RT group (16.1% vs. 2.2%, p=0.021).
Conclusion
Despite advanced disease, patients in the RT group showed comparable survival outcomes and better functional preservation than those in the SRT group.

Citations

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Surgical Versus Non‐Surgical Treatment of Advanced Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Megan K. Scharner, Johnny M. Owen, Shaun A. Nguyen, Alexandra E. Kejner, Jason G. Newman, Emily Brennan, W. Greer Albergotti
Head & Neck.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Early Death in T3‐T4 Head and Neck Cancer: NCDB Comparison of Surgical vs. Non‐Surgical Approaches
Srivatsa Surya Vasudevan, Ivan A. Alvarez, Cherie‐Ann O. Nathan, John Pang
Head & Neck.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Treatment de‐escalation for HPV+ oropharyngeal cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Fausto Petrelli, Andrea Luciani, Antonio Ghidini, Sara Cherri, Paolo Gamba, Marta Maddalo, Paolo Bossi, Alberto Zaniboni
Head & Neck.2022; 44(5): 1255. CrossRef
Ginsenoside Rd inhibits migration and invasion of tongue cancer cells through H19/miR-675-5p/CDH1 axis
Lu CHANG, Dongxu WANG, Shaoning KAN, Ming HAO, Huimin LIU, Zhijing YANG, Qianyun XIA, Weiwei LIU
Journal of Applied Oral Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Postoperative Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Versus Radiotherapy Alone for Advanced Oral Cavity Cancer in the Era of Modern Radiation Techniques
Tae Hyung Kim, In-Ho Cha, Eun Chang Choi, Hye Ryun Kim, Hyung Jun Kim, Se-Heon Kim, Ki Chang Keum, Chang Geol Lee
Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap for tongue reconstruction after hemiglossectomy for cancer: A case report
Hong Loi Nguyen, Truong Phu M. Ho, Xuan Phu Tran, Thanh Xuan Nguyen
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Cases.2021; 7(2): 100219. CrossRef
Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer: chemotherapy
Ambika Parmar, Michaelina Macluskey, Niall Mc Goldrick, David I Conway, Anne-Marie Glenny, Janet E Clarkson, Helen V Worthington, Kelvin KW Chan
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Larynx-preserving reconstruction after extended base of the tongue resection
Hideki Kadota, Junichi Fukushima, Sei Yoshida, Kenichi Kamizono, Muneyuki Masuda, Satoshi Toh, Ryuji Yasumatsu, Torahiko Nakashima, Takashi Nakagawa
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery.2020; 73(4): 740. CrossRef

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