Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Lung and Thoracic cancer

Lazertinib versus Gefitinib as First-Line Treatment for EGFR-mutated Locally Advanced or Metastatic NSCLC: LASER301 Korean Subset: Ki Hyeong Lee, Byoung Chul Cho, Myung-Ju Ahn, Yun-Gyoo Lee, Youngjoo Lee, Jong-Seok Lee, Joo-Hang Kim, Young Joo Min, Gyeong-Won Lee, Sung Sook Lee, Kyung-Hee Lee, Yoon Ho Ko, Byoung Yong Shim, Sang-We Kim, Sang Won Shin, Jin-Hyuk Choi, Dong-Wan Kim, Eun Kyung Cho, Keon Uk Park, Jin-Soo Kim, Sang Hoon Chun, Jangyoung Wang, SeokYoung Choi, Jin Hyoung Kang; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):48-60. Published online June 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.453

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Purpose
This subgroup analysis of the Korean subset of patients in the phase 3 LASER301 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of lazertinib versus gefitinib as first-line therapy for epidermal growth factor receptor mutated (EGFRm) non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Materials and Methods
Patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFRm NSCLC were randomized 1:1 to lazertinib (240 mg/day) or gefitinib (250 mg/day). The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS).
Results
In total, 172 Korean patients were enrolled (lazertinib, n=87; gefitinib, n=85). Baseline characteristics were balanced between the treatment groups. One-third of patients had brain metastases (BM) at baseline. Median PFS was 20.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 16.7 to 26.1) for lazertinib and 9.6 months (95% CI, 8.2 to 12.3) for gefitinib (hazard ratio [HR], 0.41; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.60). This was supported by PFS analysis based on blinded independent central review. Significant PFS benefit with lazertinib was consistently observed across predefined subgroups, including patients with BM (HR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.53) and those with L858R mutations (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.63). Lazertinib safety data were consistent with its previously reported safety profile. Common adverse events (AEs) in both groups included rash, pruritus, and diarrhoea. Numerically fewer severe AEs and severe treatment–related AEs occurred with lazertinib than gefitinib.
Conclusion
Consistent with results for the overall LASER301 population, this analysis showed significant PFS benefit with lazertinib versus gefitinib with comparable safety in Korean patients with untreated EGFRm NSCLC, supporting lazertinib as a new potential treatment option for this patient population.

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First-line treatment of EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Jietao Ma, Xiaoxue Pang, Shuling Zhang, Letian Huang, Li Sun, Chengbo Han
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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General

Comparison of the Data of a Next-Generation Sequencing Panel from K-MASTER Project with That of Orthogonal Methods for Detecting Targetable Genetic Alterations: Yoon Ji Choi, Jung Yoon Choi, Ju Won Kim, Ah Reum Lim, Youngwoo Lee, Won Jin Chang, Soohyeon Lee, Jae Sook Sung, Hee-Joon Chung, Jong Won Lee, Eun Joo Kang, Jung Sun Kim, Taekyu Lim, Hye Sook Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Mi Sun Ahn, Young Saing Kim, Ji Hyun Park, Seungtaek Lim, Sung Shim Cho, Jang Ho Cho, Sang Won Shin, Kyong Hwa Park, Yeul Hong Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):30-39. Published online May 20, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.218

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Purpose
K-MASTER project is a Korean national precision medicine platform that screened actionable mutations by analyzing next-generation sequencing (NGS) of solid tumor patients. We compared gene analyses between NGS panel from the K-MASTER project and orthogonal methods.
Materials and Methods
Colorectal, breast, non–small cell lung, and gastric cancer patients were included. We compared NGS results from K-MASTER projects with those of non-NGS orthogonal methods (KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations in colorectal cancer [CRC]; epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR], anaplastic lymphoma kinase [ALK] fusion, and reactive oxygen species 1 [ROS1] fusion in non–small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], and Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) positivity in breast and gastric cancers).
Results
In the CRC cohort (n=225), the sensitivity and specificity of NGS were 87.4% and 79.3% (KRAS); 88.9% and 98.9% (NRAS); and 77.8% and 100.0% (BRAF), respectively. In the NSCLC cohort (n=109), the sensitivity and specificity of NGS for EGFR were 86.2% and 97.5%, respectively. The concordance rate for ALK fusion was 100%, but ROS1 fusion was positive in only one of three cases that were positive in orthogonal tests. In the breast cancer cohort (n=260), ERBB2 amplification was detected in 45 by NGS. Compared with orthogonal methods that integrated immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, sensitivity and specificity were 53.7% and 99.4%, respectively. In the gastric cancer cohort (n=64), ERBB2 amplification was detected in six by NGS. Compared with orthogonal methods, sensitivity and specificity were 62.5% and 98.2%, respectively.
Conclusion
The results of the K-MASTER NGS panel and orthogonal methods showed a different degree of agreement for each genetic alteration, but generally showed a high agreement rate.

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Genomic Profiling of Driver Gene Alterations in Patients With Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer, Patterns of Treatment and Impact on Survival Outcomes: A Single Center Experience of More Than 1200 Patients
Minit Shah, Vanita Noronha, Vijay Patil, Ajay Kumar Singh, Nandini Menon, Supriya Goud, Srushti Shah, Sucheta More, Akhil Kapoor, Bal Krishna Mishra, Pratik Chandrani, Anuradha Chougule, Vinod Gupta, Priyanka Pange, Omshree Shetty, Trupti Pai, Rajiv Kaush
Clinical Lung Cancer.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Integrated clinical and genomic models using machine-learning methods to predict the efficacy of paclitaxel-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer
Yonghwa Choi, Jangwoo Lee, Keewon Shin, Ji Won Lee, Ju Won Kim, Soohyeon Lee, Yoon Ji Choi, Kyong Hwa Park, Jwa Hoon Kim
BMC Cancer.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Supporting Biomarker-Driven Therapies in Oncology: A Genomic Testing Cost Calculator
Albrecht Stenzinger, Brian Cuffel, Noman Paracha, Eric Vail, Jesus Garcia-Foncillas, Clifford Goodman, Ulrik Lassen, Gilles Vassal, Sean D Sullivan
The Oncologist.2023; 28(5): e242. CrossRef
Genomic analysis of plasma circulating tumor DNA in patients with heavily pretreated HER2 + metastatic breast cancer
Kyoungmin Lee, Jongwon Lee, Jungmin Choi, Sung Hoon Sim, Jeong Eun Kim, Min Hwan Kim, Yeon Hee Park, Jee Hyun Kim, Su-Jin Koh, Kyong Hwa Park, Myoung Joo Kang, Mi Sun Ahn, Kyoung Eun Lee, Hee-Jun Kim, Hee Kyung Ahn, Han Jo Kim, Keon Uk Park, In Hae Park
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Recommendations for the Use of Next-Generation Sequencing and the Molecular Tumor Board for Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Report from KSMO and KCSG Precision Medicine Networking Group
Shinkyo Yoon, Miso Kim, Yong Sang Hong, Han Sang Kim, Seung Tae Kim, Jihun Kim, Hongseok Yun, Changhoon Yoo, Hee Kyung Ahn, Hyo Song Kim, In Hee Lee, In-Ho Kim, Inkeun Park, Jae Ho Jeong, Jaekyung Cheon, Jin Won Kim, Jina Yun, Sun Min Lim, Yongjun Cha, Se
Cancer Research and Treatment.2022; 54(1): 1. CrossRef

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Randomized Phase III Trial of Irinotecan Plus Cisplatin versus Etoposide Plus Cisplatin in Chemotherapy-Naïve Korean Patients with Extensive-Disease Small Cell Lung Cancer: Dong-Wan Kim, Hoon-Gu Kim, Joo-Hang Kim, Keunchil Park, Hoon-Kyo Kim, Joung Soon Jang, Bong-Seog Kim, Jin-Hyoung Kang, Kyung Hee Lee, Sang-We Kim, Hun Mo Ryoo, Jin-Soo Kim, Ki Hyeong Lee, Jung Hye Kwon, Jin-Hyuk Choi, Sang Won Shin, Seokyung Hahn, Dae Seog Heo; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(1):119-127. Published online March 12, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.019

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Purpose
This randomized phase III study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of irinote-can plus cisplatin (IP) over etoposide plus cisplatin (EP) in Korean patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).
Materials and Methods
Patients were randomly assigned to receive IP, composed of irinotecan 65 mg/m² intravenously on days 1 and 8+cisplatin 70 mg/m² intravenously on day 1 every 3 weeks, or EP, composed of etoposide 100 mg/m² intravenously on days 1, 2, 3+cisplatin 70 mg/m² intravenously on day 1, every 3 weeks for a maximum of six cycles, until disease progression, or until unacceptable toxicity occurred. The primary endpoint was overall survival.
Results
A total of 362 patients were randomized to IP (n=173) and EP (n=189) arms. There were no significant differences between IP and EP arms for the median overall survival (10.9 months vs. 10.3 months, p=0.120) and the median progression-free survival (6.5 months vs. 5.8 months, p=0.115). However, there was a significant difference in response rate (62.4% vs. 48.2%, p=0.006). The pre-planned subgroup analyses showed that IP was associated with longer overall survival in male (11.3 months vs. 10.1 months, p=0.036), < 65 years old (12.7 months vs. 11.3 months, p=0.024), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0/1 (12.4 months vs. 10.9 months, p=0.040) patient groups. The severity of treatment-related adverse events such as grade 3/4 anemia, nausea and diarrhea was more frequent in patients treated with IP.
Conclusion
The IP chemotherapy did not significantly improve the survival compared with EP chemotherapy in Korean patients with extensive-disease SCLC.

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Hassan Abdelilah Tafenzi, Farah Choulli, Edwin Kelly Haag, Anass Baladi, Ismail Essaadi, Rhizlane Belbaraka
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Cancer Treatment and Research Communications.2024; 42: 100869. CrossRef
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Treatment Outcomes of 9,994 Patients With Extensive-Disease Small-Cell Lung Cancer From a Retrospective Nationwide Population-Based Cohort in the Korean HIRA Database
Jung Soo Lee, Seoree Kim, Soo-Yoon Sung, Yeo Hyung Kim, Hyun Woo Lee, Ji Hyung Hong, Yoon Ho Ko
Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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Sevens Cases of Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Nasal and Paranasal Sinuses
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Special Article

Tolerability and Outcomes of First-Line Pemetrexed-Cisplatin Followed by Gefitinib Maintenance Therapy Versus Gefitinib Monotherapy in Korean Patients with Advanced Nonsquamous Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Post Hoc Descriptive Subgroup Analysis of a Randomized, Phase 3 Trial: Jin Hyoung Kang, Myung-Ju Ahn, Dong-Wan Kim, Eun Kyung Cho, Joo-Hang Kim, Sang Won Shin, Xin Wang, Jong Seok Kim, Mauro Orlando, Keunchil Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):458-464. Published online October 14, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.135

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Purpose
We recently reported on a randomized, open-label, phase 3 trial comparing pemetrexed-cisplatin chemotherapy followed by gefitinib maintenance therapy (PC/G) with gefitinib monotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we report on a post hoc subgroup analysis of that study assessing the demographics and disposition of the Korean patient subgroup, and comparing the tolerability of PC/G and gefitinib monotherapy and the tumor response with respect to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status.
Materials and Methods
Patients, who were ≥ 18 years, chemonaïve, Korean, light ex-smokers/never-smokers with advanced NSCLC, were randomly assigned (1:1) to PC/G or gefitinib monotherapy. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were graded, and tumor response was measured as change in lesion sum from baseline at best response. The study was registered with ClinicalTrials. gov, NCT01017874.
Results
Overall, 111 Korean patients were treated (PC/G, 51; gefitinib, 60). Between-arm characteristics were balanced and similar to those of the overall population. Treatment discontinuations due to adverse events were low (PC/G: 1, 2.0%; gefitinib: 7, 11.7%). Overall, 92 patients (82.9%) reported ≥ 1 TEAE (PC/G, 44; gefitinib, 48); few patients (PC/G, 16; gefitinib, 7) reported severe TEAEs; the most frequent was neutropenia (PC/G arm) and elevated alanine aminotransferase (gefitinib arm). The lesion sum was decreased by PC/G treatment in most patients, regardless of EGFRmutation status, while gefitinib monotherapy reduced the lesion sum in EGFR-positive patients but had no effect in EGFR-negative patients.
Conclusion
Our results confirm that both PC/G and gefitinib were well tolerated in Korean patients, regardless of EGFR status; however, patients with EGFR wild-type NSCLC may not benefit from gefitinib monotherapy.

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Gefitinib for advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Esther HA Sim, Ian A Yang, Richard Wood-Baker, Rayleen V Bowman, Kwun M Fong
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

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Case Report

Novel Germline Mutation of BRCA1 Gene in a 56-Year-Old Woman with Breast Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, and Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Hye Sook Kim, Soon Wook Lee, Yoon Ji Choi, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Min Sun Cho, Soon Nam Lee, Kyong Hwa Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(3):534-538. Published online October 17, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.151

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We report a case of a 56-year-old woman with breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with a BRCA1 gene mutation. Evidence is mounting that there is a large increase in the risk for hematologic malignancies among patients with genetic changes in the BRCA pathways. The genomic analysis demonstrated a frameshift mutation in the BRCA1 gene: 277_279delinsCC (Phe93fs). It is a novel BRCA1 mutation that has never been reported, and caused malignant lymphoma as well as breast and ovarian cancer.

Citations

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An immune-centric exploration of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutation related breast and ovarian cancers
Ewa Przybytkowski, Thomas Davis, Abdelrahman Hosny, Julia Eismann, Ursula A. Matulonis, Gerburg M. Wulf, Sheida Nabavi
BMC Cancer.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Lymphoma in Australian Border Collies: survey results and pedigree analyses
KY Cheng, PXY Soh, PF Bennett, P Williamson
Australian Veterinary Journal.2019; 97(1-2): 14. CrossRef
Germline mutations predisposing to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
O C Leeksma, N F de Miranda, H Veelken
Blood Cancer Journal.2017; 7(2): e532. CrossRef
Genetic testing and counseling of a recipient after bone marrow transplant from a sibling harboring a germline BRCA1 pathogenic mutation
Petra Škerl, Mateja Krajc, Ana Blatnik, Srdjan Novaković
Oncology Reports.2017; 38(1): 279. CrossRef
Risk of lymphoma subtypes by occupational exposure in Southern Italy
Giovanni Maria Ferri, Giorgina Specchia, Patrizio Mazza, Giuseppe Ingravallo, Graziana Intranuovo, Chiara Monica Guastadisegno, Maria Luisa Congedo, Gianfranco Lagioia, Maria Cristina Loparco, Annamaria Giordano, Tommasina Perrone, Francesco Guadio, Cater
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How breast cancer chemotherapy increases the risk of leukemia: Thoughts about a case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and leukemia after breast cancer chemotherapy
Bin Zhang, Xia Zhang, Minghuan Li, Li Kong, Xiaoqin Deng, Jinming Yu
Cancer Biology & Therapy.2016; 17(2): 125. CrossRef
Germline Mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in Korean Ovarian Cancer Patients Finding Founder Mutations
Min Chul Choi, Jin-Hyung Heo, Ja-Hyun Jang, Sang Geun Jung, Hyun Park, Won Duk Joo, Chan Lee, Je Ho Lee, Jun Mo Lee, Yoon Young Hwang, Seung Jo Kim
International Journal of Gynecological Cancer.2015; 25(8): 1386. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Modified MVAC as a Second-Line Treatment for Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma after Failure of Gemcitabine and Cisplatin Treatment: Jung Hyun Lee, Sung Gu Kang, Seung Tae Kim, Seok Ho Kang, In Keun Choi, Young Je Park, Sang Chul Oh, Deuk Jae Sung, Jae Hong Seo, Jun Cheon, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim, Kyong Hwa Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2014;46(2):172-177. Published online April 15, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.46.2.172

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

There is no established standard second-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) who failed gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) chemotherapy. This study was conducted in order to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of modified methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MVAC) in patients with metastatic UC previously treated with GC.

Materials and Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 28 patients who received modified MVAC between November 2004 and November 2012. All patients failed prior, first-line GC chemotherapy.

Results

The median age of patients was 64.0 years (range, 33.0 to 77.0 years), and 23 (82.1%) patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1. The overall response rate and the disease control rate were 36.0% and 64.0%, respectively. After a median follow-up period of 38 weeks (range, 5 to 182 weeks), median progression free survival was 21.0 weeks (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.3 to 35.7 weeks) and median overall survival was 49.0 weeks (95% CI, 18.8 to 79.3 weeks). Grade 3 or 4 hematological toxicities included neutropenia (n=21, 75.0%) and anemia (n=9, 32.1%). Grade 3 or 4 non-hematological toxicities did not occur and there was no treatment-related death.

Conclusion

Modified MVAC appears to be a safe and active chemotherapy regimen in patients with stable physical status and adequate renal function after GC treatment.

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Chronological transition in outcome of second-line treatment in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer after pembrolizumab approval: a multicenter retrospective analysis
Teruki Isobe, Taku Naiki, Yosuke Sugiyama, Aya Naiki-Ito, Takashi Nagai, Toshiki Etani, Satoshi Nozaki, Keitaro Iida, Yusuke Noda, Nobuhiko Shimizu, Nami Tomiyama, Rika Banno, Hiroki Kubota, Shuzo Hamamoto, Ryosuke Ando, Noriyasu Kawai, Takahiro Yasui
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Efficacy of Different Second-line Therapy Regimens in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
Lukas Barwitz, Anne Berger, Stefanie Zschaebitz, Max Jenzer, Cathleen Nientiedt, Stefan Duensing, Dirk Jäger, Dogu Teber, Markus Hohenfellner, Carsten Grüllich
The Open Urology & Nephrology Journal.2017; 10(1): 52. CrossRef
Cisplatin- Versus Non–Cisplatin-based First-Line Chemotherapy for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Previously Treated With Perioperative Cisplatin
Jennifer A. Locke, Gregory Russell Pond, Guru Sonpavde, Andrea Necchi, Patrizia Giannatempo, Ravi Kumar Paluri, Guenter Niegisch, Peter Albers, Carlo Buonerba, Giuseppe Di Lorenzo, Ulka N. Vaishampayan, Scott A. North, Neeraj Agarwal, Syed A. Hussain, Sum
Clinical Genitourinary Cancer.2016; 14(4): 331. CrossRef
Second Line Chemotherapy for Advanced and Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: Vinflunine and Beyond—A Comprehensive Review of the Current Literature
Christoph Oing, Michael Rink, Karin Oechsle, Christoph Seidel, Gunhild von Amsberg, Carsten Bokemeyer
Journal of Urology.2016; 195(2): 254. CrossRef
Predicting the response of patients with advanced urothelial cancer to methotrexate, vinblastine, Adriamycin, and cisplatin (MVAC) after the failure of gemcitabine and platinum (GP)
Ki Hong Kim, Sung Joon Hong, Kyung Seok Han
BMC Cancer.2015;[Epub] CrossRef

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Dose KRAS Mutation Status Affect on the Effect of VEGF Therapy in Metastatic Colon Cancer Patients?: Seung Tae Kim, Kyong Hwa Park, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2014;46(1):48-54. Published online January 15, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.46.1.48

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
Mutations affecting the KRAS gene are an established negative predictor for anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of KRAS mutation as a biomarker for anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) remains controversial.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We analyzed retrospective data from 32 CRC patients who were available for KRAS mutation status and received cytotoxic chemotherapy plus bevacizumab as a first-line therapy. Six of 32 patients received anti-EGFR therapies. We used KRAS mutation status as a predictive or prognostic factor in CRC patients receiving bevacizumab.
RESULTS
We observed mutations in KRAS in 59.4% of patients. Bevacizumab was used in combination with oxaliplatin based regimens. There was no significant difference for progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with oxaliplatin based cytotoxic chemotherapy plus bevacizumab according to the status of KRAS mutation. After first-line therapy, 28 patients (87.5%) received second-line therapy. In univariate analysis, KRAS mutations did not have a major prognostic value for PFS (hazard ratio, 1.007; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.469 to 2.162; p>0.05) or OS (hazard ratio, 0.548; 95% CI, 0.226 to 1.328; p>0.05). In addition, anti-EGFR therapies did not affect the impact on OS.
CONCLUSION
KRAS mutation is neither a predictive for bevacizumab nor a prognostic for OS in CRC patients receiving anti-VEGF therapy.

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Pariyada Tanjak, Amphun Chaiboonchoe, Tharathorn Suwatthanarak, Onchira Acharayothin, Kullanist Thanormjit, Jantappapa Chanthercrob, Thanawat Suwatthanarak, Bundit Wannasuphaphol, Kemmapon Chumchuen, Bhoom Suktitipat, Somponnat Sampattavanich, Krittiya Ko
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Evaluation of the Prognostic Value of Low-Frequency KRAS Mutation Detection in Circulating Tumor DNA of Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Chien-Yu Lin, Ming-Yin Shen, William Tzu-Liang Chen, Chin-An Yang
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Advances in Tumor-Stroma Interactions: Emerging Role of Cytokine Network in Colorectal and Pancreatic Cancer
Chiara Bazzichetto, Fabiana Conciatori, Italia Falcone, Francesco Cognetti, Michele Milella, Ludovica Ciuffreda
Journal of Oncology.2019; 2019: 1. CrossRef
Role of RAS mutation status as a prognostic factor for patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with first-line chemotherapy based on fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin, with or without bevavizumab: A retrospective analysis
Javier Garde Noguera, Eloisa Jantus-Lewintre, Mireia Gil-Raga, Elena Evgenyeva, Sonia Maciá Escalante, Antonio Llombart-Cussac, Carlos Camps Herrero
Molecular and Clinical Oncology.2017; 6(3): 403. CrossRef
MEK inhibitor can reverse the resistance to bevacizumab in A549 cells harboring Kirsten rat sarcoma oncogene homolog mutation
Yuan Wang, Ping Yan, Zhentao Liu, Xiaodan Yang, Yaping Wang, Zhirong Shen, Hua Bai, Jie Wang, Zhijie Wang
Thoracic Cancer.2016; 7(3): 279. CrossRef
Medullary carcinoma of the colon: can the undifferentiated be differentiated?
Anne-Marie Kanstrup Fiehn, Morten Grauslund, Anders Glenthøj, Linea Cecilie Melchior, Ben Vainer, Gro Linno Willemoe
Virchows Archiv.2015; 466(1): 13. CrossRef
Efficacy of combination chemotherapy using a novel oral chemotherapeutic agent, TAS-102, together with bevacizumab, cetuximab, or panitumumab on human colorectal cancer xenografts
Hiroshi Tsukihara, Fumio Nakagawa, Kazuki Sakamoto, Keiji Ishida, Nozomu Tanaka, Hiroyuki Okabe, Junji Uchida, Kenichi Matsuo, Teiji Takechi
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CSBF/C10orf99, a novel potential cytokine, inhibits colon cancer cell growth through inducing G1 arrest
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Scientific Reports.2014;[Epub] CrossRef

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Impact of KRAS Mutation Status on Outcomes in Metastatic Colon Cancer Patients without Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Therapy: Seung Tae Kim, Kyong Hwa Park, Jun Suk Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2013;45(1):55-62. Published online March 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.45.1.55

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PURPOSE
Activating mutation of the KRAS oncogene is an established negative predictor for anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). However, KRAS mutation as a prognostic factor of survival outcome remains controversial in CRC, independent of anti-EGFR therapies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 103 CRC patients who were available for evaluation of KRAS mutation status. None of the patients analyzed had received anti-EGFR therapies. The role of KRAS mutation status was evaluated as a predictive factor for oxaliplatin or irinotecan and as a prognostic factor in CRC patients who did not receive anti-EGFR therapies.
RESULTS
Mutations in KRAS were observed in 48.5% of patients. The response for oxaliplatin- (p=0.664) and irinotecan-based (p=0.255) cytotoxic chemotherapy did not differ according to the KRAS mutation status. In addition, no significant difference in progression free survival (PFS; oxaliplatin, p=0.583 and irinotecan, p=0.426) and overall survival (OS; p=0.258) was observed between the wild and mutant type of the KRAS gene. In univariate and multivariate analyses, KRAS mutations did not have a major prognostic value regarding PFS (oxaliplatin: hazard ratio, 0.892; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.590 to 1.347; p=0.586 and irinotecan: hazard ratio, 0.831; 95% CI, 0.524 to 1.319; p=0.433) or OS (hazard ratio, 0.754; 95% CI, 0.460 to 1.236; p=0.263). In addition, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapies did not affect PFS to oxaliplatin or irinotecan and OS.
CONCLUSION
KRAS mutation is not a prognostic marker for PFS to oxaliplatin or irinotecan and OS in CRC patients who did not receive anti-EGFR therapies.

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The Landscape of PIK3CA Mutations in Colorectal Cancer
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Gianluca Pellino, Gaetano Gallo, Pierlorenzo Pallante, Raffaella Capasso, Alfonso De Stefano, Isacco Maretto, Umberto Malapelle, Shengyang Qiu, Stella Nikolaou, Andrea Barina, Giuseppe Clerico, Alfonso Reginelli, Antonio Giuliani, Guido Sciaudone, Christo
Gastroenterology Research and Practice.2018; 2018: 1. CrossRef
Connecting cancer biology and clinical outcomes to imaging in KRAS mutant and wild-type colorectal cancer liver tumors following selective internal radiation therapy with yttrium-90
Michael J. Magnetta, Anish Ghodadra, Steven J. Lahti, Minzhi Xing, Di Zhang, Hyun S. Kim
Abdominal Radiology.2017; 42(2): 451. CrossRef
C1QBP is upregulated in colon cancer and binds to apolipoprotein A-I
Kun Kim, Min-Jeong Kim, Kyung-Hee Kim, Sun-A Ahn, Jong Heon Kim, Jae Youl Cho, Seung-Gu Yeo
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2017; 13(5): 2493. CrossRef
Role of RAS mutation status as a prognostic factor for patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with first-line chemotherapy based on fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin, with or without bevavizumab: A retrospective analysis
Javier Garde Noguera, Eloisa Jantus-Lewintre, Mireia Gil-Raga, Elena Evgenyeva, Sonia Maciá Escalante, Antonio Llombart-Cussac, Carlos Camps Herrero
Molecular and Clinical Oncology.2017; 6(3): 403. CrossRef
Up-front systemic chemotherapy is a feasible option compared to primary tumor resection followed by chemotherapy for colorectal cancer with unresectable synchronous metastases
Hiroaki Niitsu, Takao Hinoi, Manabu Shimomura, Hiroyuki Egi, Minoru Hattori, Yasuyo Ishizaki, Tomohiro Adachi, Yasufumi Saito, Masashi Miguchi, Hiroyuki Sawada, Masatoshi Kochi, Shoichiro Mukai, Hideki Ohdan
World Journal of Surgical Oncology.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
KRAS Status as an Independent Prognostic Factor for Survival after Yttrium-90 Radioembolization Therapy for Unresectable Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
Steven J. Lahti, Minzhi Xing, Di Zhang, James J. Lee, Michael J. Magnetta, Hyun S. Kim
Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology.2015; 26(8): 1102. CrossRef
Prevalence of KRAS, BRAF, PI3K and EGFR mutations among Asian patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
LEE CHENG PHUA, HUI WEN NG, ANGIE HUI LING YEO, ELYA CHEN, MICHELLE SHU MEI LO, PEH YEAN CHEAH, ERIC CHUN YONG CHAN, POH KOON KOH, HAN KIAT HO
Oncology Letters.2015; 10(4): 2519. CrossRef
Characterization of rare transformingKRASmutations in sporadic colorectal cancer
Joanna HM Tong, Raymond WM Lung, Frankie MC Sin, Peggy PY Law, Wei Kang, Anthony WH Chan, Brigette BY Ma, Tony WC Mak, Simon SM Ng, Ka Fai To
Cancer Biology & Therapy.2014; 15(6): 768. CrossRef
Beyond KRAS: Predictive factors of the efficacy of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer
Alfonso De Stefano
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2014; 20(29): 9732. CrossRef
RAS mutations: impact on treatment outcome
Sameh Mikhail, Tanios Bekaii-Saab
Colorectal Cancer.2013; 2(6): 525. CrossRef
The prognostic values of EGFR expression and KRAS mutation in patients with synchronous or metachronous metastatic colorectal cancer
Ching-Wen Huang, Hsiang-Lin Tsai, Yi-Ting Chen, Chun-Ming Huang, Cheng-Jen Ma, Chien-Yu Lu, Chao-Hung Kuo, Deng-Chyang Wu, Chee-Yin Chai, Jaw-Yuan Wang
BMC Cancer.2013;[Epub] CrossRef

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Chemotherapy in Patients Older than or Equal to 75 Years with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Seung Tae Kim, Kyong Hwa Park, Sang Cheul Oh, Jae Hong Seo, Jun Suk Kim, Yeul Hong Kim, Sang Won Shin; Cancer Res Treat. 2012;44(1):37-42. Published online March 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2012.44.1.37

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
As the number of elderly patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) increases, the number of these patients receiving chemotherapy also increases. However, limited data exists regarding the use of chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients who are 75 years of age or older.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between May 2002 and October 2008, data for 48 advanced NSCLC patients who were 75 years of age or older who had been treated with chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS
The median age of study participants at the time of first line chemotherapy was 76 years (range, 75 to 87 years) and their median Charlson comorbidity index was 2 (range, 1 to 4). Of the total 48 patients, 43 patients (90%) were treated by platinum-based doublet as a first line chemotherapy regimen. Median progression free survival for first line chemotherapy was 5.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.93 to 6.47 months) with an overall response rate of 33.3%. After first line chemotherapy, only 14 of the 48 patients (29.2%) received second line chemotherapy. The median overall survival (OS) for these patients was 8.2 months (95% CI, 4.44 to 11.96 months). Multivariate analysis results indicated that female gender and having received second-line or more chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for increased OS for all 48 patients. Charlson Index was not a significant independent prognostic factor for survival. There were 9 treatment related deaths due to infectious causes (18.8%).
CONCLUSION
Patients 75 years of age or older with advanced NSCLC may obtain clinical benefit from the administration of platinum-based doublet or single agent chemotherapy. However, oncologists must consider the aspect of safety in relation to the clinical benefits when managing this patient group.

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A phase II trial of Cremorphor EL-free paclitaxel (Genexol-PM) and gemcitabine in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Hee Kyung Ahn, Minkyu Jung, Sun Jin Sym, Dong Bok Shin, Shin Myung Kang, Sun Young Kyung, Jeong-Woong Park, Sung Hwan Jeong, Eun Kyung Cho
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology.2014; 74(2): 277. CrossRef
Management of Elderly Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center Experience
M. Früh, H. Besrour, S. Gillessen, M. Joerger, F. Hitz, A. Savidan, T. Cerny, S. Ess
Chemotherapy.2013; 59(1): 42. CrossRef

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An Association Study of Polymorphisms in JAK3 Gene with Lung Cancer in the Korean Population: Wonbeak Yoo, Hae-Yun Jung, Seungjoon Lim, Jae Sook Sung, Kyong Hwa Park, Jeong Seon Ryu, Sang Won Shin, Jun Suk Kim, Jae Hong Seo, Yeul Hong Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(2):108-116. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.2.108

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
The genetic alteration of the janus kinases (JAKs), non-receptor tyrosine kinase, is related to the development of human cancers. However, little is known about how the sequence variation of JAK3 contributes to the development of lung cancer. This study investigated whether polymorphisms at the promoter region of the JAK3 gene are associated with the risk of lung cancer in the Korean population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 819 subjects, including 409 lung cancer patients and 410 healthy controls were recruited. The SNaPshot assay and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis were used, and logistic regression analyses were performed to characterize the association between polymorphisms of JAK3 and lung cancer risk.
RESULTS
Three polymorphisms (-672 G>A, +64 A>G and +227 G>A) of JAK3 were analyzed for large-scale genotyping (n=819). Statistical analyses revealed that polymorphisms and haplotypes in the JAK3 gene were not significantly associated with lung cancer.
CONCLUSION
JAK3 gene was not significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer in the Korean population.

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Association Analysis of Polymorphic Gene Variants in the JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway with Aging and Longevity
V. V. Erdman, T. R. Nasibullin, I. A. Tuktarova, R. Sh. Somova, O. E. Mustafina
Russian Journal of Genetics.2019; 55(6): 728. CrossRef

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No Association between Promoter Polymorphism of STK11 Gene and Lung Cancer Risk in the Korean Population: Jae Sook Sung, Young Mi Whang, Kyong Hwa Park, Jeong-Seon Ryu, Jong Gwon Choi, Jae Hong Seo, Sang Won Shin, Jun Suk Kim, Yeul Hong Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(4):211-217. Published online December 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.4.211

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Purpose

Serine-threonine kinase11 (STK11) was originally identified in 1997 as the causative mutation that's responsible for Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS). Several recent studies have reported that the STK11 gene is an important human tumor suppressor gene in lung cancer. We evaluated the associations between the polymorphisms of the STK11 promoter region and the risk of lung cancer in 901 Koreans.

Materials and Methods

By direct sequencing, we first discovered three novel polymorphisms (-1,795 T>C, -981 C>T and -160 G>T) and four known polymorphisms (-1,580 C>T, -1,494 A>C, -881 A>G and -458 G>C) of the STK11 promoter region in 24 blood samples of 24 Korean lung cancer patients. Further genotype analyses were then performed on 443 lung cancer patients and 458 controls.

Results

We discovered three novel polymorphisms and we identified four known polymorphisms of the STK11 promoter region in a Korean population. Statistical analyses revealed that the genotypes and haplotypes in the STK11 gene were not significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer in a Korean population.

Conclusion

This is the first study that's focused on the association of STK11 promoter polymorphisms and the risk of lung cancer in a Korean population. To evaluate the role of the STK11 gene for the risk of lung cancer, the genotypes of the STK11 promoter region (-1,795 T>C, -1,494 A>C and -160 G>T) were determined in 901 Koreans, yet the result revealed no significant difference between the lung cancer patients and the controls. These results suggest that the three promoter polymorphisms we studied are not important risk factors for the susceptibility to lung cancer in Koreans.

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A polymorphic minisatellite region of BORIS regulates gene expression and its rare variants correlate with lung cancer susceptibility
Se-Lyun Yoon, Yun-Gil Roh, In-Sun Chu, Jeonghoon Heo, Seung Il Kim, Heekyung Chang, Tae-Hong Kang, Jin Woong Chung, Sang Seok Koh, Vladimir Larionov, Sun-Hee Leem
Experimental & Molecular Medicine.2016; 48(7): e246. CrossRef
Integrated Analysis of Transcriptomes of Cancer Cell Lines and Patient Samples Reveals STK11/LKB1–Driven Regulation of cAMP Phosphodiesterase-4D
Ningning He, Nayoung Kim, Mee Song, Choa Park, Somin Kim, Eun Young Park, Hwa Young Yim, Kyunga Kim, Jong Hoon Park, Keun Il Kim, Fan Zhang, Gordon B. Mills, Sukjoon Yoon
Molecular Cancer Therapeutics.2014; 13(10): 2463. CrossRef
Hot embossed polyethylene through-hole chips for bead-based microfluidicdevices
Jie Chou, Nan Du, Tina Ou, Pierre N. Floriano, Nicolaos Christodoulides, John T. McDevitt
Biosensors and Bioelectronics.2013; 42: 653. CrossRef
Discovery and Evaluation of Polymorphisms in theAKT2andAKT3Promoter Regions for Risk of Korean Lung Cancer
Jae Sook Sung, Kyong Hwa Park, Seung Tae Kim, Yeul Hong Kim
Genomics & Informatics.2012; 10(3): 167. CrossRef

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Clinical Factors Related to Suspected Second Primary Lung Cancer Development in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: Eui Bae Kim, Yong Park, Seh Jong Park, Dae Sik Kim, Jee Won Kim, Hee Yun Seo, Hwa Jung Sung, In Keun Choi, Kyong Hwa Park, Sang Cheul Oh, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim, Sang Won Shin, Chul Yong Kim, Kwang-Yoon Jung; Cancer Res Treat. 2008;40(4):178-183. Published online December 31, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2008.40.4.178

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

The rate of second primary lung cancer development for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) has been noted. The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence and clinical features of suspected second primary lung cancer that developed in patients with primary HNC.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of 469 patients who were newly diagnosed with HNC at the Korea University Medical Center between January 2000 and December 2006.

Results

A total of 469 patients were included (389 men and 80 women). Eighteen patients (3.8%) had suspected second primary lung cancers. Statistically significant clinical variables for lung cancer development included the origin site for the primary HNC (oro-hypopharynx and larynx) (p=0.048), abnormal chest x-ray findings (p=0.027) and the histological HNC type (squamous cell carcinoma) (p=0.032). When the second primary lung cancers were combined with HNCs, the adjusted overall survival of patients with a second primary lung cancer was 16 months (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Considering the relative risk factors for a second primary lung cancer developing in patients with HNC, advanced diagnostic tools, such as chest CT or PET CT scan, should be applied for the early detection of a second primary lung cancer.

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African American race as a risk factor associated with a second primary lung cancer after initial primary head and neck cancer
Yusra F. Shao, Seongho Kim, John D. Cramer, Dina Farhat, Jeffrey Hotaling, Syed Naweed Raza, George Yoo, Ho‐sheng Lin, Harold Kim, Ammar Sukari, Misako Nagasaka
Head & Neck.2022; 44(10): 2069. CrossRef
Should fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography be the first-line imaging investigation for restaging the laryngeal carcinoma patients?
Tarun Jain, Guman Singh, Sumit Goyal, Ajay Yadav, Dinesh Yadav, Nitin Khunteta, Hemant Malhotra
World Journal of Nuclear Medicine.2021; 20(02): 164. CrossRef
Modern Radiology in the Management of Head and Neck Cancer
G.J.C. Burkill, R.M. Evans, V.V. Raman, S.E.J. Connor
Clinical Oncology.2016; 28(7): 440. CrossRef
Synchronous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia of the Palate
Pablo Rosado, Soledad Fernández, Luis Junquera, Juan Carlos De Vicente
Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.2011; 22(1): 348. CrossRef

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Discrepant Views of Korean Medical Oncologists and Cancer Patients on Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Do Yeun Kim, Bong-Seog Kim, Kyung Hee Lee, Myung Ah Lee, Young Seon Hong, Sang Won Shin, Soon Nam Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2008;40(2):87-92. Published online June 30, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2008.40.2.87

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

This study was designed to evaluate the communication gap between Korean medical oncologists and cancer patients on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).

Materials and Methods

Cross sectional studies utilized the responses of 59 medical oncologists and 211 patients. To understand the communication gap, perceived reasons and nondisclosure of CAM use, reactions of physicians to disclosure, and expectations for CAM were analyzed. Data were compared with use of the chi-squared test.

Results

Both medical oncologists and patients were in accord that CAM use would privde the patients with a feeling of hope. The medical oncologists believed more often than patients to attribute CAM use for control over medical care decisions, for the treatment of an incurable disease or as a nontoxic approach (p<0.05). Regarding reasons for nondisclosure, medical oncologists were more likely to think that physicians would not understand the use of CAM, discontinue treatment or disapprove of the use of CAM (p<0.0001). Patients attributed nondisclosure mainly to the lack of questioning about CAM. Medical oncologists were more likely to warn of the risks with CAM use and less likely to encourage the use of CAM than perceived by patients (p=0.01). Patients expected that CAM could cure disease, extend survival, relieve symptoms and improve the immune system or quality of life more often than medical oncologists (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Given the discrepant views of medical oncologists and patients on the use of CAM, medical oncologists should be aware of the discrepancies and attempt to resolve any differences.

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Use of decision aid to improve informed decision-making and communication with physicians on the use of oral complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) among cancer patients on chemotherapy treatment: a randomised controlled trial
Wan-Qin Chong, Maria Jannet Mogro, Asrie Arsad, Bee-Choo Tai, Soo-Chin Lee
Supportive Care in Cancer.2021; 29(7): 3689. CrossRef
Discrepant Views of Oncologists and Cancer Patients on Complementary and Alternative Medicine in a Chinese General Hospital
Geliang Yang, Huiqing Zhang, Zheng Gan, Yifu Fan, Wei Gu, Changquan Ling
Integrative Cancer Therapies.2018; 17(2): 451. CrossRef
Information and Training Needs Regarding Complementary and Alternative Medicine: A Cross-sectional Study of Cancer Care Providers in Germany
Gudrun E. Klein, Corina Guethlin
Integrative Cancer Therapies.2018; 17(2): 380. CrossRef
China’s cancer patients’ perceptions, attitudes and participation in clinical trials of complementary and alternative medicine: A multi-center cross-sectional study
Yifu Fan, Huiqing Zhang, Geliang Yang, Cheng Wu, Yuyu Guo, Changquan Ling
European Journal of Integrative Medicine.2018; 19: 115. CrossRef
National survey of China's oncologists' knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practice patterns on complementary and alternative medicine
Geliang Yang, Richard Lee, Huiqing Zhang, Wei Gu, Peiying Yang, Changquan Ling
Oncotarget.2017; 8(8): 13440. CrossRef
Expected and perceived efficacy of complementary and alternative medicine: A comparison views of patients with cancer and oncologists
Sang Hyuck Kim, Dong Wook Shin, You-Seon Nam, So Young Kim, Hyung-kook Yang, Be Long Cho, Keeho Park, Heui-Sug Jo, Chang-Yeol Yim, Sin Kam, Jong-Hyock Park
Complementary Therapies in Medicine.2016; 28: 29. CrossRef
Survey of Policies and Guidelines on Antioxidant Use for Cancer Prevention, Treatment, and Survivorship in North American Cancer Centers
Gyeongyeon Hong, Jennifer White, Lihong Zhong, Linda E. Carlson
Integrative Cancer Therapies.2015; 14(4): 305. CrossRef
National Survey of US Oncologists' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Patterns Regarding Herb and Supplement Use by Patients With Cancer
Richard T. Lee, Andrea Barbo, Gabriel Lopez, Amal Melhem-Bertrandt, Heather Lin, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Farr A. Curlin
Journal of Clinical Oncology.2014; 32(36): 4095. CrossRef
Perception and attitude of Jordanian physicians towards complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in oncology
Amal Al-Omari, Mohammad Al-Qudimat, Amid Abu Hmaidan, Luna Zaru
Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice.2013; 19(2): 70. CrossRef
Investigation into the Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Factors Affecting Use in Korean Patients with Brain Tumors
Yong Soon Shin, Jeong A Lee, So Hyun Bae, Su Youn Lee, Min Kyeong Jang
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2013; 20(2): 147. CrossRef
Complementary and alternative medicine use and assessment of quality of life in Korean breast cancer patients: a descriptive study
Eunyoung Kang, Eun Joo Yang, Sun-Mi Kim, Il Yong Chung, Sang Ah Han, Do-Hoon Ku, Soek-Jin Nam, Jung-Hyun Yang, Sung-Won Kim
Supportive Care in Cancer.2012; 20(3): 461. CrossRef
Validation of the Korean Integrative Medicine Attitude Questionnaire (IMAQ)
Jung-Ha Kim, Jung-Bok Lee, Duk-Chul Lee
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2011; 32(3): 197. CrossRef

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Glucose Transporter-1 Expression in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue: Yoon Seok Choi, Seok Jin Kim, Dae Sik Kim, Seh Jong Park, Yong Park, Hye Jin Shin, Kwang-Yoon Jung, Seung-Kuk Baek, Bong Kyung Shin, Jung Woo Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2007;39(3):109-115. Published online September 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2007.39.3.109

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

Tumor cells are known to express hypoxia-related proteins such as glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1). These hypoxia-induced changes may allow tumor cells to survive under sustained hypoxic microenvironments, and the surviving tumor cell under hypoxia may develop a more aggressive phenotype and so result in a poor prognosis.

Materials and Methods

The Glut-1 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, and its association with the prognosis was assessed in 60 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.

Results

The Glut-1 expression was diffuse with a membranous pattern, and the median percentage of Glut-1 positive tumor cells was 60% (range: 0.0~90.0%). A high Glut-1 expression (the percentage of positive tumor cells ≥ the median value, 60%) was associated with the location of primary lesion, lymph node metastasis status and disease stage (p<0.05). The expression of Glut-1 was correlated with the Ki-67 expression (r=0.406, p=0.001). Microvessel density, as represented by CD31 staining, was also correlated with the Glut-1 expression although its significance is weak (r=0.267, p=0.039). On the univariate analysis, the group with a high Glut-1 expression showed poorer overall survival than the group with a low Glut-1 expression (p<0.05). However, the Glut-1 expression failed to show any independent prognostic significance on the multivariate analysis.

Conclusion

The expression of Glut-1 may be useful for predicting the prognosis and determining the treatment strategy for the management of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.

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Heinrich Botha, Camile S. Farah, Kendrick Koo, Nicola Cirillo, Michael McCullough, Rita Paolini, Antonio Celentano
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International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2019; 20(13): 3374. CrossRef
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Abikshyeet Panda, Alokenath Bandyopadhyay, Gouse Mohiddin, Malvika Raghuvanshi, SanjayKumar Sahoo, Lipsa Bhuyan
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Plumbagin‐mediating GLUT1 suppresses the growth of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma
S Na, J Zhang, X Zhou, A Tang, D Huang, Q Xu, D Xue, J Qiu
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Neha Azad, Malti Kumari Maurya, Meenakshi Kar, Madhu Mati Goel, Ajay Kumar Singh, Mala Sagar, Divya Mehrotra, Vijay Kumar
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Developmental Biology.2012; 363(1): 52. CrossRef
Hypoxia-related protein expression and its clinicopathologic implication in carcinoma of unknown primary
Ja Seung Koo, Haeryoung Kim
Tumor Biology.2011; 32(5): 893. CrossRef

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Microsatellite Alterations in Serum DNA of Lung Cancer Patients: Sang Cheul Oh, Young Do Yoo, So Young Yoon, Seok Jin Kim, Jae Hong Seo, Kwang Taek Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yo Han Kim, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35(4):289-293. Published online August 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2003.35.4.289

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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Pilot Study of Heptaplatin, UFT-E and Leucovorin in Advanced Gastric Carcinoma: Sang Cheul Oh, So Young Yoon, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Si Young Kim, Hwi Joong Yoon, Kyung Sam Cho, Jun Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35(2):117-122. Published online April 30, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2003.35.2.117

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
Heptaplatin (SKI-2053R, Sunpla ), a new platinum analogue which has a better toxicity profile than cisplatin, has been used with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) continuous infusion for the treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma. However, continuous 5-FU infusion had a inconvenience to administration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of heptaplatin, UFT-E and leucovorin combination chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 22 patients was enrolled in this study at Kyung Hee University and Korea University from September 1999 to May 2001. Heptaplatin 400 mg/m2 was given as intravenous infusion for 1 hour at day 1. Oral UFT-E 360 mg/m2 and leucovorin 45 mg/day were administered for 21 consecutive days followed by a 7-day drug free interval. This schedule was repeated every 4 weeks. RESULTS: The 22 enrolled patients received 81 courses of chemotherapy and the median number of course per patient was three with a range of one to six. Five of 21 patients achieved partial responses (23.8%; 95% confidence interval, 5.6% to 42%) without complete response. Out of the 5 responding patients, three had unresectable perigastric lymph-nodes, one patient had a ovarian metastasis, and one patient had a peritoneal metastasis respectively. Main toxicities were neutropenia and nausea/vomiting. Grade 3 and 4 neutropenia were observed in 4 patients (18%) and grade 3 nausea/vomiting were observed in 5 patients (22.7%). The median time to progression was 4 months (range, 0.5 to 13 months), and median survival duration was 7.5 months (range, 2.0 to 14 months). Median response duration was 5.0 months (range, 1.5 to 10 months). CONCLUSION: A combination chemotherapy of heptaplatin, UFT-E and leucovorin has a comparable efficacy with those of previously reported heptaplatin and intravenous regimen of 5-FU and controllable toxicity in advanced gastric carcinoma. Further study with large patient population is warranted to determine the usefulness of this regimen.

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Platinum drugs: from Pt(II) compounds, Pt(IV) prodrugs, to Pt nanocrystals/nanoclusters
Xi Hu, Fangyuan Li, Nabila Noor, Daishun Ling
Science Bulletin.2017; 62(8): 589. CrossRef
The status of platinum anticancer drugs in the clinic and in clinical trials
Nial J. Wheate, Shonagh Walker, Gemma E. Craig, Rabbab Oun
Dalton Transactions.2010; 39(35): 8113. CrossRef
A Phase II Trial of Haptaplatin/5-FU and Leucovorin for Advanced Stomach Cancer
Won Sup Lee, Gyeong-Won Lee, Hwal Woong Kim, Ok-Jae Lee, Young-Joon Lee, Gyung Hyuck Ko, Jong-Seok Lee, Joung Soon Jang, Woo Song Ha
Cancer Research and Treatment.2005; 37(4): 208. CrossRef
Combination Chemotherapy of Heptaplatin, Paclitaxel and 5-Fluorouracil in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer: a Pilot Study
Myung-Ju Ahn, Ho-Suck Oh, Jung-Hye Choi, Young-Yeul Lee, In-Soon Kim, Il-Young Choi, Oh Young Lee, Ho-Soon Choi, Sung-Joon Kwon
Cancer Research and Treatment.2004; 36(3): 182. CrossRef

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Oral Etoposide, Ifosfamide and Cisplatin in the Treatment of Extensive Disease Small Cell Lung Cancer: Seok Jin Kim, Hwa Jung Sung, Kyong Hwa Park, So Young Yoon, Sang Cheul Oh, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Kwang Taek Kim, Young Ho Choi, Jun Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(6):421-425. Published online December 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.6.421

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The combination of cisplatin and etoposide has been a common first line regimen for the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The schedule dependence, and equal efficacy, of the oral and intravenous dosing of etoposide has led to prolonged administration of oral etoposide, which is known to produce an encouraging response in SCLC. To improve the efficacy of the cisplatin/etoposide combination, we administered oral etoposide, with added ifosfamide, which had significant single agent activity against SCLC. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the cisplatin, ifosfamide and oral etoposide (PIE) combination in patients with extensive small cell lung cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-five patients with histologically confirmed extensive small cell lung cancer were enrolled into this study between January 2000 and May 2002. They were treated with, cisplatin at 20 mg/ m2/day, ifosfamide 1.5 g/m2/day, with mesna (all given intravenously on Days 1~3), and oral etoposide 50 mg/m2 on days 4~17. This cycle was repeated every 4 weeks for up to 6 cycles. We evaluated the corresponding disease responses and toxicities.
RESULTS
The patients' characteristics were as follows: median age 65 years (32~75), 19 males and 6 females. The performance stati were ECOG 0 in 3 patients, ECOG 1 in 12 and ECOG 2 in 10. Sixteen patients had a partial response, 2 had a stable disease and 4 had a progressive disease. Thus, the overall objective response rate was 72.7% (95% CI: 49.6~88.4%), with a median response duration of 7 months (95% CI: 3.5~10.5 months). Myelosuppression was the major observed toxicity. Grades III and IV neutropenia were observed in 42 (46.1%) of the 91 cycles. Significant non-hematological toxicities (>or=Grade III) were uncommon, with the exception of nausea and vomiting.
CONCLUSION
The response rate to the combination of cisplatin, ifosfamide and oral etoposide was similar to that of other combination chemotherapy studies in patients with extensive disease small cell lung cancer. The toxicity of the regimen was considered acceptable.

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Pirarubicin, UFT, Leucovorin Chemotherapy in Non-embolizable and Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization-Failed Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients; A Phase II Clinical Study: Kyong Hwa Park, So Young Yoon, Sang Cheul Oh, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Jong Eun Yeon, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Kwan Soo Byun, Jun Suk Kim, Chang Hong Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(4):280-283. Published online August 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.4.280

Abstract PDF: Hepatocellular carcinomas are one of the most common malignancies in the world. However, no effective therapeutic modality has been proven to prolong the survival of patients in an inoperable stage. The purpose of this study was to determine the response rate and the toxicities of a combination of pirarubicin, UFT and leucovorin in patients with non-embolizable hepatocellular carcinomas, or who had progressed during their transcatheter arterial chemoembolization treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Of 23 patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma, 11 had progressed during a transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, with the other 12 being transcatheter arterial chemoembolization-naive. All the patients were treated with pirarubicin (70 mg/m2 i.v., day 1), UFT (350 mg/m2 P.O., day 1~21), and leucovorin (25 mg/m2 P.O., day 1~21).
RESULTS
Twenty patients were able to be evaluated, with a partial response being achieved in four, giving an overall response rate of 20% (95% confidence interval, 7~44%). The median overall survival time was 6 months, and the median survival time of the transcatheter arterial chemoembolization-naive patients was significantly longer than that of those treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (p=0.012). The most significant dose-limiting toxicity was leucopenia and thrombocytopenia.
CONCLUSION
The combination of pirarubicin, UFT and leucovorin therapies showed marginal antitumor activity and significant toxicity in patients with non-embolizable or failed transcatheter arterial chemoembolization hepatocellular carcinomas.

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Retinoic Acid Enhances Drug-Induced Cell Death in Anticancer Drug-Resistant Cell Lines: Young Mi Whang, Yeul Hong Kim, Sang Won Shin, Byung Soo Kim, Jun Suk Kim, Young Do Yoo, Sun Hee Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(3):212-217. Published online June 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.3.212

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
Retinoids (RA), a group of vitamin A derivatives, is known to be important for regulation of normal cellular growth and differentiation. RA treatment of various cancers resulted in cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. Therefore, the chemotherapeutic and chemopreventative activities of various types of tumor have been examined. Biological actions of RA are mediated through nuclear receptors, including the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs). In this study, we examined the effect of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) as an anticancer drug-sensitiser in cancer cell lines and in its drug- resistant cancer cell lines MATERIALS AND METGODS: Cells were maintained by RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Cells were treated with 1 micro M atRA for 48 h, then with the desired concentration of anticancer drug for 24 h. Cell viability was measured spectrophotometrically at 540 nm using the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay. Western blot analyses were performed with the desired antibodies.
RESULTS
We investigated if pre-treatment with atRA enhanced the drug-sensitivity of various cancer cell lines to either 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, or cisplatin. 5-FU (SNU638-F2) and CDDP-resistant cell (SNU638-Cis) lines, from a Korean gastric cancer cell line (SNU638) and the ADR-resistant cells (AD600) was established from a colon cancer cell line (SW620). Treatment of each cell line, with 1 micro M atRA, prior to drug exposure resulted in enhanced cell death in these cell lines. Furthermore, the effect of atRA on growth inhibition, in each drug-resistant cell line, was more obvious than in their parent cell lines. Increased activity of Transglutaminase II (TgaseII) and cleavage of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were also observed (western blot analysis CONCLUSION: Based on our data, we suggest that atRA enhances anticancer drug-induced cell death and reverses the drug-sensitivity of the drug-resistant cancer cell lines.

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All-trans Retinoic Acid Sensitizes Epithelial Ovarian Cancer to PARP Inhibition after Exposure to Cisplatin
Bingjie Mei, Junyang Li, Dengfeng Wang, Lu Feng, Jianming Huang, Guonan Zhang
Molecular Cancer Therapeutics.2025; 24(3): 453. CrossRef

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Phase II Trial of Gemcitabine, UFT-E, Leucovorin Combination Chemotherapy in Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: So Young Yoon, Kyong Hwa Park, Sang Chul Oh, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Jae Seon Kim, Chang Duck Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(2):111-116. Published online April 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.2.111

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a Gemcitabine, UFT-E, Leucovorin combination chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients <=70 years, with no prior chemotherapy and with bidimensionally measurable advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma, ECOG performance status <=2, and adequate bone marrow, kidney, and liver function were eligible for this trial. Eligibility criteria for clinical benefit assessment were pain with at least a daily analgesic consumption of two nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or a Karnofsky performance status between 50 and 70. Treatment consisted of 1,000 mg/m2 of Gemcitabine on days 1, 8 and 15, repeated every 4 weeks, with UFT-E administered orally 500 mg-700 mg by body surface area (BSA). Leucovorin was administered 45 mg/day orally. Dosages of UFT-E and Leucovorin were divided and administered three times per day from day 1 to day 21. After 7 days of rest, UFT-E and Leucovorin were administered repeatedly.
RESULTS
Twenty-three patients were enrolled between April 1999 to April 2000. Eighty two cycles (median, four cycles) were delivered to all patients. The objective response rate was 15.8% in 19 assessable patients and 13.0% in the intent-to-treat population. Twelve patients (57.9%) displayed stable disease. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia occurred in 30.4% of patients, nausea/vomiting in 8.3%, diarrhea in 4.3%, and mucositis in 4.3%. The median time to progression was 8 months. The median survival was 8 months in the assessable population and 6 months in the intent-to-treat population Clinical benefit was achieved in 11 (57.9%) of 19 assessable patients.
CONCLUSION
Gemcitabine, UFT-E, Leucovorin combination chemotherapy is a well-tolerated and safe regimen in cases of advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Although the response rate is low, it shows a survival benefit and clinical benefit and deserves further evaluation in a phase III trial.

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Gemcitabine and oxaliplatin combination as first-line treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer: a multicenter phase II study
Kyung Hee Lee, Min Kyoung Kim, Yeol Hong Kim, Baek Yeol Ryoo, Ho Yeong Lim, Hong Suk Song, Hoon Kyo Kim, Myung Ah Lee, Seock Ah Im, Heung Moon Chang, Jae Yong Cho, Dae Young Zang, Bong Seog Kim, Jun Suk Kim
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology.2009; 64(2): 317. CrossRef

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Clinical Significance of Peripheral Blood CEA mRNA Expression in Gastric Cancer Patients Underwent Curative Resection: Jae Hong Seo, Sun Hee Park, Chang Won Bak, Chul Won Choi, Byoung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim, Young Jae Mok, Jong Suk Kim, Seon Ae Han, Jung In Yoon; Cancer Res Treat. 2001;33(6):483-488. Published online December 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2001.33.6.483

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Recent advances in molecular technology have made it possible to detect small numbers of circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood or bone marrow. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is an oncofetal antigen that is expressed in epithelial tumor cells. CEA mRNA may be a reliable marker for the detection of tumor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with epithelial cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We analyzed the peripheral blood of 46 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone curative resection. The presence of CEA mRNA was serially monitored using RT-PCR (Preop, Post op 15 day, 2 months (m), 4 m, 6 m, 8 m, 10 m, 12 m). The clinical characteristics, serum CEA level and immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissue were also evaluated. Patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months.
RESULTS
There was no significant relationship seen between CEA mRNA RT-PCR positivity in the peripheral blood and sex, stage, serum CEA level or immunohistochemical staining for CEA antigen, During follow up,eight patients experienced recurrence; were positve for CEA mRNA RT-PCR recurrence was seen in 66.7% (6/9) of the patients who before clinical recurrence as compared to 5.4% (2/37) of patients who were negative (p=0.0002). Serial changes of CEA mRNA RT-PCR correlated with clinical recurrence; 100% in the positively converted group (3/3), 0% in the negatively converted group(0/18), 50% in all positive group (3/6) and 10.5% in all negative group (2/19) experienced recurrence, respectively.
CONCLUSION
RT-PCR analysis of CEA mRNA in the peripheral blood seems to be a promising tool for the early detection of micrometastatic circulating tumor cells in gastric cancer patients and may be useful in determining patients at high risk for recurrence. However, definitive correlation with recurrence certainly requires a longer follow up duration in further studies.

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Retinoic Acid as a Radiosensitizer on the Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines: Jae Hong Seo, Kap No Lee, Sun Hee Park, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2001;33(4):335-342. Published online August 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2001.33.4.335

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
Retinoic acid is a substance that has previously been reported to increase radiosensitivity, but at concentrations likely to inhibit cell growth or to induce celluar differentiation. We choose head and neck cancer cell lines to investigate the role of retinoic acid as a radiosensitizer and to elucidate the mechanism through the changes in the expression of retinoid receptors and squamous cell differentiation marker.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Three cell lines (PCI-50, SqCC/ Y1 and UMSCC-11B) were used. 7-AAD staining for apoptosis and Western blot analysis for RAR-alpha, beta, gamma, RXR-alpha, beta, gamma and involucrin were performed after various treatments (control, beta-all-trans-retinoic acid (t-RA) only (10 6 M), radiation only (3 Gy), radiation with t-RA).
RESULTS
The synergistic radiosensitivity effect of t-RA was seen only radioresistant UMSCC-11B cell line. Expression of RAR-beta was induced by t-RA in maily UMSCC- 11B cell line. RAR-alpha,gamma, and RXR-alpha, beta, gamma expression were not changed in all cell lines tested. Expression of involucrin was inhibited by t-RA in PCI-50 cell line but other two cell lines were not changed by t-RA treatment.
CONCLUSION
We found that only radioresistant cell line (UMSCC-11B) showed synergistic radiosensitivity effect by t-RA and this mechanism may be through RAR-beta expression induction.

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Heparin-binding growth factor (HDGF) drives radioresistance in breast cancer by activating the STAT3 signaling pathway
Lingyun Qiu, Yan Ma, Xiaohua Chen, Liheng Zhou, Haibo Zhang, Guansheng Zhong, Lei Zhang, Jianming Tang
Journal of Translational Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
CLPTM1L induces estrogen receptor β signaling-mediated radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer cells
Hang Li, Jun Che, Mian Jiang, Ming Cui, Guoxing Feng, Jiali Dong, Shuqin Zhang, Lu Lu, Weili Liu, Saijun Fan
Cell Communication and Signaling.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Detection of RTP801, a Gene That is Differentially Expressed in Irradiated HeLa Cells
Young-Sook Lee, Moon-June Cho, Jeung Hoon Lee, Woong-Hee Lee, Jun-Sang Kim
Cancer Research and Treatment.2004; 36(4): 263. CrossRef

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The Mechanism of Retinoic Acid-induced Growth Suppression in Head and Neck Squamous Cancer Cell Lines: Seok Jin Kim, Chang Won Paek, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim, Aree Kim, Kap No Lee, Sun Han Kim, Geon Choi, Young A Yoo; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(4):783-792.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Retinonic acid (RA) has been reported to induce differentiation and growth inhibition in various head and neck squamous cancer cell (HNSCC) lines. We hypothesized that this growth inhi bition might be explained by RA-induced apoptosis on cell cycle arrest mechanism. Therefore, we studied the degree of RA-induced apoptosis with variable RA concentration and exposure duration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The flow cytometric evaluation of apoptosis degree and cell cycles were carried out with 7-amino actinomycin D (7AAD) and propium iodide (PI) respectively, with var ious RA exposure durations (2, 3, 6 day) and concentrations (conrol, 10 6, 10 7, 10 8, 10 9, 10 10 mole). Two different HNSCC lines (1483, SqCC/Y1) were used and the experiment was repeated twice.
RESULTS
The maximal fraction of apoptosis in 1483 and SqCC/Y1 cell lines were observed at same concentration and exposure duration (1483: 6th day & 10 6, mole, and SqCC/Y1: 6th day & 10 6 mole). In our experimental model, RA did not induce specific cell cycle arrest in these HNSCC lines. However we observed S phase fraction increase in SqCC/Y1 cell line after RA treatment.
CONCLUSION
We suppossed that in HNSCC lines, RA-induced cell growth inhibition could be explained by not only RA-induced apoptosis but also cell cycle arrest. Futher, in vitro study has been carried out to elucidate the RA-iduced cell growth inhibition mechanism in our laboratory.

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Venous Irritation Incidence Associated with Vinorelbine Tartrate Injection Time: Kyung Wook Hur, Jin Eui Jung, Jae Hong Seo, Cheul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(4):699-704.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was to determine the incidence and severity of venous irriation in patients receiving vinorelbine tartrate (Navelbine ) in combination chemotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty four patients histologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled in this study who receiving vinorelbine in combination chemotherapy through a peripheral vein from Oct. 1997 to Mar. 1999 with retrospective study design method. One group was 6~10 minutes infusion rate, the other was 10~20 minutes infusion rate with the same free-flow intravenous infusion.
RESULTS
A total of 126 infusions were observed in this study. Sixty-two infusions were admi nistered at the 6~10 minutes, and 64 infusions were administered at the 10~20 minutes. The incidence of any venous irritation was 3.2% (2/62) in the group that received the infusion in 6~10 minutes and 10.9% (7/64) in 10~20 minutes (p=0.164), so we could not acquire any statistical significance. However the incidence of severe venous irritation (grade 3, 4) was 0% (0/62) in 6~10 minutes infusion group and 9.4% (6/64) in 10~20 minutes infusion group. There was a significant difference between two groups (p=0.028) CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that venous irritation associated with vinorelbine tartrate infusion can be reduced by shorter duration of administration and vinorelbine tartrate might be recom mended to administer at 6~10 minutes infusion in clinical practice.

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Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy with Cisplatin and Oral Etoposide for Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Chang Won Paek, So Young Yoon, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jae Jung Shim, Kyung Ho Kang, Jun Suk Kim, Chul Yong Kim, Myung Sun Choi, Young Ho Choi, Kwang Tak Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(4):682-689.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Prognosis of locally advanced inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with radiation therapy alone has been disappointing. In recent years, concurrent chemoradiation therapy has potential of improving both local and metastatic disease-free survival. This phase II study was undertaken to determine the feasibility, toxicity, response rate, local control rate, and survival duration of locally advanced NSCL patients treated with concurrent chemoradiation using cisplatin and oral etoposide. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-seven patients were enrolled and forty-one patients were evaluable. Chemotheray consisted of cisplatin 50 mg/m2/IV on days 1 and 8 and oral etoposide 100 mg/day on days 1 to 5 and 8 to 12 which was repeated, every 4 weeks for two cycles during radiation therapy. Radiation therapy was administered to a total dose of 6300 cGY.
RESULTS
Among 41 evaluable patients, six patients achieved complete response, and twenty had partial response, for an overall response rate of 63.4% (95% confidence interval; 48.4% to 75.4%). Stable disease was reported in 10 patients (24.4%) and another 5 (12.2%) showed disease pro gression. Overall survival rate was 76% at 1 year, 34% at 2 years. Median survival duration was 17 months (range; 3 to 41 ). Eighty-three percents of patients had radiation pneumonitis but only one patients needed medical treatment.
CONCLUSION
Concurrent chemoradiation therapy with cisplatin and oral etoposide at this level is a well tolerated and feasible.

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Frequency of bcl-2/JH Rearrangement in Benign Lymphoid Hyperplasia: Young A Yoo, Seung Ho Lee, Mi Na Son, Zeung Kun Cho, Kun Choi, Jong Wook Choi, Sang Won Shin, Byung Soo Kim, Jun Suk Kim, In Sun Kim, Yeul Hong Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(3):587-594.

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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Combination Chemotherapy with Cisplatin, Ifosfamide, and Etoposide in Small Cell Lung Cancer: In Keun Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Jae Jeong Shim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Kyung Ho Kang, Kwang Taek Kim, Jun Suk Kim, Young Ho Choi; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1999;31(4):692-698.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Although chemotherapy is considered as the mainstay of treatment for small cell lung cancer, long-term survival is not expected in the majority of patients. Until more effective drugs are developed, optimization of available chemotherapeutic regimens and the combination with radiotherapy will be required to improve the survival of small cell lung cancer patients. We conducted a phase II trial to evaluate the effect of a combination chemotherapy of cisplatin, ifosfamide, and etoposide.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 1994 to December 1997, 34 untreated small cell lung cancer patients were enrolled in this study. The treatment schedule included etoposide 80 mg/m/day, ifosfamide 1.5 g/m'/day, cisplatin 20 mg/m/day iv continuous infusion on day 1-3. Cycles were repeated every 4 weeks.
RESULTS
The objective response rate was 58% [localized disease (LD), 100%; extensive disease (ED), 48%]. And complete remission rate was 19% (LD, 38%; ED, 13%). The median survival of all patients was 12 months (LD, 17 months; ED, 12 months). The median duration of response was 7 months. There was one treatment-related death. The hematologic toxicities were tolerable: Leukopenia greater than Grade III was 25%, and thrombocytopenia greater than Grade III was 6%. Nausea and vomiting were seen in most patients, but they were controllable.
CONCLUSION
The combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, ifosfamide, and etoposide as a first line therapy seemed effective with tolerable toxicity in patients with small cell lung cancer.

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Clinical Efficacy of Combination Chemotherapy with Cisplatin , Ifosfamide , and Oral Etoposide ( PIE ) in Advanced Non - Small Cell Lung Cancer: Yeul Hong Kim, Jae Hong Seo, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Jae Jung Shin, Kyung Ho Kang, Young Ho Choi, Kwang Tak Kim, Jun Suk Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1999;31(2):297-305.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
A prolonged administration of etoposide increases its effectiveness on the suggestion that pralonged maintenance of low levels is an important factor in determining its activity. Many studies have been tried to define the efficacy of combination of oral etoposide with other chemotherapeutic drugs such as cisplatin, 5-FU, and ifosfamide in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness and toxicities of combination chemotherapy of oral etoposide with intravenous cisplatin and ifosfamide in advanced NSCLC patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-three patients with inoperable NSCLC who had measurable diseases and had not been treated with chemotherapeutic drug, were enrolled in this study (from May 1995 to April 1998). Treatment consisted of intravenous cisplatin (20 mg/m(2)/day, Day 1-3) and ifosfamide (1,800 mg/m(2)/day, Days 1-3) with Mesna (1,100 mg/m(2)/day, Days 1-3), and oral etoposide (50 mg/m(2)/day, Days 4-17). This treatment was repeated every 4 weeks. Patients showing stable disease or a better response were continued on treatment with the range of one to nine cycles (medium: 3 cycles). All patients were evaluated for the response, survival, and toxicity of this combination chemotherapy.
RESULTS
Eleven patients showed either complete responses [CR, 3 (9%)] or partial responses [PR, 8 (24%)]. The median number of treatment cycles were 5 (range, 3-9) for responders and 2 (range, 1-7) for non-responders. The responders had median response duration of 10 months and the overall survival of 12 months. The overall survival of responders were longer than that of non-responders (median 19 vs 5 months, p 0.0232). The toxicities of this treatment were tolerable without treatment related death. Limiting toxicities were myelosuppression and oral mucbsities, Grade 3 or 4 leukopenia and oral mucosities were observed in 34% and 9%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
The combination of cisplatin, ifosfamide, and oral etoposide produced encouraging response rates and median survival duration in patients with response. Further study of this combination is warranted in comparison with standard cisplatin+etoposide regimen or intravenous etoposide, cisplatin and ifosfamide regimen.

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Effects of REtinoic Acid and Radiation on the Growth of Cell Lines of Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Jae Hong Seo, Young Ah Yoo, In Keun Choi, Seok Jin Kim, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Chul Yong Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeol Hong Kim, Myung Sun Choi, Joon Seok Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(4):772-780.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Mammalian tumor cells differ in their response to ionizing radiation to a degree that some patients are readily curable with conventional doses of radiation, while others are rarely controlled. In experimental systems, it is possible to demonstrate differences between cell lines both in intrinsic radiosensitivity and in the apparent capacity to repair damage. Retinoic acid is a substance that has previously been reported to increase radiosensitivity, but at concentrations likely to have cytostatic effects or induce cellular differentiation. We chose several head and neck cancer cell lines to investigate radiation sensitivity and synergism in combination with retinoic acid. Material and Methods: Seventeen head and neck cancer cell lines (MDA886, P1, P13, A-431, PCI-50, UMSCC-10A, UMSCC-10B, UMSCC-11A, UMSCC-11B, UMSCC-17A, UMSCC-17B, UMSCC-19, UMSCC-22B, UMSCC-30, UMSCC-38, 1YA, 1YB) are irradiated with variable dose of radiation (1 Gy, 5 Gy, 9 Gy) for determination of radiosensitivity of each cell lines. The less radiosensitive cell lines are treated with retinoic acid for evaluation of the effects of retinoic acid on cellular X-ray sensitivity and recovery from X ray-induced potentially lethal damage.
RESULTS
Lowest growth inhibition rates are seen UMSCC-11A and 1YA cell lines in 1 Gy, so that we treated with retinoic acid such cell lines. We obtained the following RESULTS: 1) two cell lines appear not inhibitory effect on recovery from X-ray induced potentially lethal damage but growth inhibition synergism when irradiated with retinoic acid in 1 Gy of radiation dose. 2) two cell lines were little effect on radiosensitivity and inhibitory effect on recovery from X-ray damage in 0.5 Gy radiation dose.
CONCLUSION
We found that direct radiosensitizing effects of retinoic acid on 1 Gy of radiation dose may act synergistically for cell growth inhibition in vitro study(three cell lines: UMSCC-11A, 1YA, UMSCC-11B). Further in vitro and in vivo experiments are now necessary to evaluate retinoic acid as radiosensitizer for head and neck cancer radiation therapy.

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5-Fluorouracil , Cisplatin , and Pirarubicin Combination Chemotherapy for Advanced Gastric Cancer: Jae Hong Seo, In Keun Choi, Suk Jin Kim, Byung Soo Kim, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Young Jae Mok, Jong Suk Kim, Jun Suk Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(3):475-481.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Gastric cancer is the most common malignacy in Korea, However, standard systemic combination chemotherapy regimen has not been settled for advanced gastric cancer. 5-FU, Cisplatin, and Pirarubicin combination chemotherpay regimen has been tried to evaluate the response rate and toxicity in advanced gastric cancer patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Elligibility included biopsy proven inoperable or relapsed adenocarcinoma of stomach with adequate bone marrow, hepatic, and renal functon. Thirty seven patients with histologically confinned locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer were treated with cisplatin 15 mg/m2 IV day 1~5, pirarubicin 60 mg/m2 day 1, 5-fluorouracil 750 mg/m2 day 1~5 as a continuous intravenous infusion.
RESULTS
Twenty nine patients had measurable disease, 5 had received prior chemotherapy. Performance status was 0~1 in 24 and 2 in 13. There was 1 complete response and 13 partial response with an overall response rate of 48.3%(95% confidence interval 29.9~67.1%). The median survival is 7 months(95% confidence interval 5.4~8.6 months) and median response duration is 6 months. 19 patients experienced severe(WHO grade 3~4) leucopenia, 7 was thrombocytopenia, 13 was nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy. 11 patients experienced chemotherapy dose reduction or chemotherapy time delay due to severe hematologic or non-hematologic toxicities. There was no clinically recognizable cardiac toxicities.
CONCLUSION
We experienced 48.3% overall response rate, 7 months median survival, and 51.3% severe hematologic toxicities with 5-fluorouracil, pirarubicin and cisplatin combination chemotherapy regimen in advanced or metastatic gastric cancer patients.

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