Cancer Research and Treatment

Special Article

Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Use of Next-Generation Sequencing in Patients with Solid Cancer: A Joint Report from KSMO and KSP: Miso Kim, Hyo Sup Shim, Sheehyun Kim, In Hee Lee, Jihun Kim, Shinkyo Yoon, Hyung-Don Kim, Inkeun Park, Jae Ho Jeong, Changhoon Yoo, Jaekyung Cheon, In-Ho Kim, Jieun Lee, Sook Hee Hong, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Jin Won Kim, Han Jo Kim, Yongjun Cha, Sun Min Lim, Han Sang Kim, Choong-kun Lee, Jee Hung Kim, Sang Hoon Chun, Jina Yun, So Yeon Park, Hye Seung Lee, Yong Mee Cho, Soo Jeong Nam, Kiyong Na, Sun Och Yoon, Ahwon Lee, Kee-Taek Jang, Hongseok Yun, Sungyoung Lee, Jee Hyun Kim, Wan-Seop Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(3):721-742. Published online November 29, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.1043

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: In recent years, next-generation sequencing (NGS)–based genetic testing has become crucial in cancer care. While its primary objective is to identify actionable genetic alterations to guide treatment decisions, its scope has broadened to encompass aiding in pathological diagnosis and exploring resistance mechanisms. With the ongoing expansion in NGS application and reliance, a compelling necessity arises for expert consensus on its application in solid cancers. To address this demand, the forthcoming recommendations not only provide pragmatic guidance for the clinical use of NGS but also systematically classify actionable genes based on specific cancer types. Additionally, these recommendations will incorporate expert perspectives on crucial biomarkers, ensuring informed decisions regarding circulating tumor DNA panel testing.

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Original Articles

Lung and Thoracic cancer

Lazertinib versus Gefitinib as First-Line Treatment for EGFR-mutated Locally Advanced or Metastatic NSCLC: LASER301 Korean Subset: Ki Hyeong Lee, Byoung Chul Cho, Myung-Ju Ahn, Yun-Gyoo Lee, Youngjoo Lee, Jong-Seok Lee, Joo-Hang Kim, Young Joo Min, Gyeong-Won Lee, Sung Sook Lee, Kyung-Hee Lee, Yoon Ho Ko, Byoung Yong Shim, Sang-We Kim, Sang Won Shin, Jin-Hyuk Choi, Dong-Wan Kim, Eun Kyung Cho, Keon Uk Park, Jin-Soo Kim, Sang Hoon Chun, Jangyoung Wang, SeokYoung Choi, Jin Hyoung Kang; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(1):48-60. Published online June 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.453

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This subgroup analysis of the Korean subset of patients in the phase 3 LASER301 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of lazertinib versus gefitinib as first-line therapy for epidermal growth factor receptor mutated (EGFRm) non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Materials and Methods
Patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFRm NSCLC were randomized 1:1 to lazertinib (240 mg/day) or gefitinib (250 mg/day). The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS).
Results
In total, 172 Korean patients were enrolled (lazertinib, n=87; gefitinib, n=85). Baseline characteristics were balanced between the treatment groups. One-third of patients had brain metastases (BM) at baseline. Median PFS was 20.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 16.7 to 26.1) for lazertinib and 9.6 months (95% CI, 8.2 to 12.3) for gefitinib (hazard ratio [HR], 0.41; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.60). This was supported by PFS analysis based on blinded independent central review. Significant PFS benefit with lazertinib was consistently observed across predefined subgroups, including patients with BM (HR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.53) and those with L858R mutations (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.63). Lazertinib safety data were consistent with its previously reported safety profile. Common adverse events (AEs) in both groups included rash, pruritus, and diarrhoea. Numerically fewer severe AEs and severe treatment–related AEs occurred with lazertinib than gefitinib.
Conclusion
Consistent with results for the overall LASER301 population, this analysis showed significant PFS benefit with lazertinib versus gefitinib with comparable safety in Korean patients with untreated EGFRm NSCLC, supporting lazertinib as a new potential treatment option for this patient population.

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First-line treatment of EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Jietao Ma, Xiaoxue Pang, Shuling Zhang, Letian Huang, Li Sun, Chengbo Han
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Head and Neck Cancer

Recent Treatment Patterns of Oropharyngeal Cancer in Korea Based on the Expert Questionnaire Survey of the Korean Society for Head and Neck Oncology (KSHNO): Kyu Hye Choi, Jin Ho Song, Yeon-Sil Kim, Ji-hoon Kim, Woo-Jin Jeong, Inn-Chul Nam, Jin Ho Kim, Hee Kyung Ahn, Sang Hoon Chun, Hyun Jun Hong, Young-Hoon Joo, Young-Gyu Eun, Sung Ho Moon, Jeongshim Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(4):1004-1014. Published online January 29, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.973

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) has increased, and staging and optimal therapeutic approaches are challenging. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the controversial treatment policy of stage T2 OPC according to the N category and determine the opinions of multidisciplinary experts in Korea.
Materials and Methods
Five OPC scenarios were developed by the Subcommittee on Oropharyngeal Treatment Guidelines of the Korean Society for Head and Neck Oncology and distributed to experts of multidisciplinary treatment hospitals.
Results
Sixty-five experts from 45 institutions responded. For the HPV-positive T2N0M0 scenario, 67.7% of respondents selected surgery followed by definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) or radiotherapy alone. For the T2N1M0 HPV-positive scenario, there was a notable difference in the selection of primary treatment by expert specialty; 53.9% of respondents selected surgery and 39.8% selected definitive CCRT as the primary treatment. For the T2N3M0 advanced HPV-positive scenario, 50.0% of respondents selected CCRT and 33.3% considered induction chemotherapy (IC) as the primary treatment. CCRT and IC were significantly more frequently selected for the HPV-related OPC cases (p=0.010). The interdepartmental variability showed that the head and neck surgeons and medical oncologists favored surgery, whereas the radiation oncologists preferably selected definitive CCRT (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
In this study, surgery was preferred for lymph node-negative OPC, and as lymph node metastasis progressed, CCRT tended to be preferred, and IC was administered. Clinical practice patterns by stage and HPV status showed differences according to expert specialty. Multidisciplinary consensus guidelines will be essential in the future.

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Controversies in Lung Cancer: Heterogeneity in Treatment Recommendations for Stage III NSCLC According to Disease Burden and Oncogenic Driver Alterations
Jeremy P Harris, Dylann K Fujimoto, Misako Nagasaka, Eric Ku, Garrett Harada, Hari Keshava, Ali Mahtabifard, Javier Longoria, Niral Patel, Steven Seyedin, Aaron Simon, Allen Chen
Clinical Lung Cancer.2022; 23(4): 333. CrossRef
Survey of radiation field and dose in human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal cancer: is de-escalation actually applied in clinical practice?
Kyu Hye Choi, Jin Ho Song, Yeon-Sil Kim, Sung Ho Moon, Jeongshim Lee, Young-Taek Oh, Dongryul Oh, Jin Ho Kim, Jun Won Kim
Radiation Oncology Journal.2021; 39(3): 174. CrossRef

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Outcomes and Biomarkers of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Patients with Refractory Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: KCSG HN18-12: Yun-Gyoo Lee, Hyun Chang, Bhumsuk Keam, Sang Hoon Chun, Jihyun Park, Keon Uk Park, Seong Hoon Shin, Ho Jung An, Kyoung Eun Lee, Keun-Wook Lee, Hye Ryun Kim, Sung-Bae Kim, Myung-Ju Ahn, In Gyu Hwang; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):671-677. Published online December 7, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.824

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) after platinum-containing chemotherapy. We also identified clinical biomarkers which may be predictive of patient prognosis.
Materials and Methods
We analyzed 125 patients with R/M HNSCC who received ICIs, retrospectively. Overall response rate (ORR) was the primary study outcome. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were the secondary study outcomes.
Results
The patients received anti–programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) (n=73, 58%), anti–programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) (n=24, 19%), or a combination of anti–PD-1/PD-L1 and anti–cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (n=28, 22%). The median age was 57 years (range, 37 to 87). The location of the primary tumor was in the oral cavity in 28% of the cases, followed by oropharynx (27%), hypopharynx (20%), and larynx (12%). The ORR was 15% (19/125). With 12.3 months of median follow-up, median PFS was 2.7 months. Median OS was 10.8 months. A neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) > 4 was significantly associated with poor response to ICIs (odds ratio, 0.30; p=0.022). A sum of the target lesions > 40 mm (hazard ratio [HR], 1.53; p=0.046] and a NLR > 4 (HR, 1.75; p=0.009) were considered to be predictive markers of short PFS. A poor performance status (HR, 4.79; p < 0.001), a sum of target lesions > 40 mm (HR, 1.93; p=0.025), and an NLR > 4 (HR, 3.36; p < 0.001) were the significant predictors for poor survival.
Conclusion
ICIs exhibited favorable antitumor activity in R/M HNSCC. Clinically, our findings can be used to recognize patients benefit from receiving ICI.

Citations

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Impact of PIK3CA and cell cycle pathway genetic alterations on durvalumab efficacy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Post hoc analysis of TRIUMPH study
Dong Hyun Kim, Seung Taek Lim, Hye Ryun Kim, Eun Joo Kang, Hee Kyung Ahn, Yun-Gyoo Lee, Der Sheng Sun, Jung Hye Kwon, Sang-Cheol Lee, Hyun Woo Lee, Min Kyoung Kim, Bhumsuk Keam, Keon-Uk Park, Seong-Hoon Shin, Hwan Jung Yun
Oral Oncology.2024; 151: 106739. CrossRef
Characterization of macrophages in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and development of MRG-based risk signature
Lei Liu, Qiang Liu
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Inflammatory markers as prognostic markers in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Quan Wang, Xiangzhi Yin, Shengxia Wang, Haijun Lu
Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Predictive value of early dynamic changes of NLR and PLR for the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Dong Hyun Kim, Seo Yoon Jang, Bhumsuk Keam
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology.2024; 138(6): 763. CrossRef
Neutrophil‐to‐Lymphocyte Ratio and Pembrolizumab Outcomes in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Angeline A. Truong, Rex H. Lee, Xin Wu, Alain P. Algazi, Hyunseok Kang, Ivan H. El‐Sayed, Jonathan R. George, Chase M. Heaton, William R. Ryan, Yena Jeon, Mi‐Ok Kim, Patrick K. Ha, Katherine C. Wai
Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Diagnostic Predictors of Immunotherapy Response in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Piero Giuseppe Meliante, Federica Zoccali, Marco de Vincentiis, Massimo Ralli, Carla Petrella, Marco Fiore, Antonio Minni, Christian Barbato
Diagnostics.2023; 13(5): 862. CrossRef
Patterns of recurrence in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma to inform personalized surveillance protocols
Catherine T. Haring, Lulia A. Kana, Sarah M. Dermody, Collin Brummel, Jonathan B. McHugh, Keith A. Casper, Steven B. Chinn, Kelly M. Malloy, Michelle Mierzwa, Mark E. P. Prince, Andrew J. Rosko, Jennifer Shah, Chaz L. Stucken, Andrew G. Shuman, J. Chad Br
Cancer.2023; 129(18): 2817. CrossRef
Immunotherapy with PD-1 Inhibitor Nivolumab in Recurrent/Metastatic Platinum Refractory Head and Neck Cancers—Early Experiences from Romania and Literature Review
Camil Ciprian Mireștean, Mihai Cosmin Stan, Michael Schenker, Constantin Volovăț, Simona Ruxandra Volovăț, Dragoș Teodor Petru Iancu, Roxana Irina Iancu, Florinel Bădulescu
Diagnostics.2023; 13(16): 2620. CrossRef
Integrating Cutting-Edge Methods to Oral Cancer Screening, Analysis, and Prognosis
Sagar Dholariya, Ragini D. Singh, Amit Sonagra, Dharamveer Yadav, Bhairavi N. Vajaria, Deepak Parchwani
Critical Reviews™ in Oncogenesis.2023; 28(2): 11. CrossRef
Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and platelet–lymphocyte ratio as potential predictive markers of treatment response in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Tibera K. Rugambwa, Omar Abdihamid, Xiangyang Zhang, Yinghui Peng, Changjing Cai, Hong Shen, Shan Zeng, Wei Qiu
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Characterization of Age-Associated, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index (SII) as Biomarkers of Inflammation in Geriatric Patients with Cancer Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Impact on Efficacy and Surviva
Khalil Choucair, Caroline Nebhan, Alessio Cortellini, Stijn Hentzen, Yinghong Wang, Cynthia Liu, Raffaele Giusti, Marco Filetti, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Vito Vanella, Domenico Galetta, Annamaria Catino, Nour Al-Bzour, Azhar Saeed, Ludimila Cavalcante, Pam
Cancers.2023; 15(20): 5052. CrossRef
A systematic review and meta-analysis of prognostic indicators in patients with head and neck malignancy treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Dengxiong Kang, Siping Liu, Xin Yuan, Shenxiang Liu, Zhengrong Zhang, Zhilian He, Xudong Yin, Haiyan Mao
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2023; 149(20): 18215. CrossRef
Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio during immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients
Jun-Liang Li, Tsai-Ling Hsieh, Ming-Che Ou, Frank Cheau-Feng Lin, Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai
Oral Oncology.2022; 126: 105729. CrossRef
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic marker for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: Meta‐analysis
Yukinori Takenaka, Ryohei Oya, Norihiko Takemoto, Hidenori Inohara
Head & Neck.2022; 44(5): 1237. CrossRef
Safety and Efficacy of Influenza Vaccination in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Maria A. Lopez-Olivo, Valeria Valerio, Aliza R. Karpes Matusevich, Marianela Brizio, Michelle Kwok, Yimin Geng, Maria E. Suarez-Almazor, Ines Colmegna
Vaccines.2022; 10(8): 1195. CrossRef
Identification of Immune-Related LncRNA Pairs for Predicting Prognosis and Immunotherapeutic Response in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Xueying Wang, Kui Cao, Erliang Guo, Xionghui Mao, Lunhua Guo, Cong Zhang, Junnan Guo, Gang Wang, Xianguang Yang, Ji Sun, Susheng Miao
Frontiers in Immunology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Roles of Major RNA Adenosine Modifications in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Xing-xing Huo, Shu-jie Wang, Hang Song, Ming-de Li, Hua Yu, Meng Wang, Hong-xiao Gong, Xiao-ting Qiu, Yong-fu Zhu, Jian-ye Zhang
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Breast cancer

Real-World Clinical Data of Palbociclib in Asian Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients: Experiences from Eight Institutions: Jieun Lee, Hyung Soon Park, Hye Sung Won, Ji Hyun Yang, Hee Yeon Lee, In Sook Woo, Kabsoo Shin, Ji Hyung Hong, Young Joon Yang, Sang Hoon Chun, Jae Ho Byun; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(2):409-423. Published online October 28, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.451

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Use of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors improved survival outcome of hormone receptor (HR) positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients, including Asian population. However, Asian real-world data of palbociclib is limited. We analyzed the real-world clinical practice patterns and outcome in HR-positive, MBC Asian patients treated with palbociclib.
Materials and Methods
Between April 2017 to November 2019, 169 HR-positive, human epidermal growth factor-2–negative MBC patients treated with letrozole or fulvestrant plus palbocilib were enrolled from eight institutions. Survival outcome (progression-free survival [PFS]), treatment response and toxicity profiles were analyzed.
Results
Median age of letrozole plus palbociclib (145 patients, 85.8%) and fulvestrant plus palbociclib (24 patients, 14.2%) was 58 and 53.5 years, with median follow-up duration of 14.63 months (range 0.2 to 33.9 months). Median PFS (mPFS) of letrozole plus palbociclib and fulvestrant plus palbociclib was 25.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 19.1 to not reached) and 6.37 months (95% CI, 5.33 to not reached), comparable to previous phase 3 trials. In letrozole plus palbociclib arm, luminal A (hazard ratio, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.20 to 6.80; p=0.017) and patients with good performance (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 0-1 [hazard ratio, 3.68; 95% CI, 1.70 to 7.96]) showed better mPFS. In fulvestrant plus palbociclib group, chemotherapy naïve patients showed better mPFS (hazard ratio, 12.51, 95% CI, 1.59 to 99.17; p=0.017). The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse event was neutropenia (letrozole 86.3%, fulvestrant 88.3%).
Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first real-world data of palbociclib reported in Asia. Palbociclib showed comparable benefit to previous phase 3 trials in Asian patients during daily clinical practice.

Citations

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Palbociclib in Older Patients with Advanced/Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review
Etienne Brain, Connie Chen, Sofia Simon, Vinay Pasupuleti, Kathleen Vieira Pfitzer, Karen A. Gelmon
Targeted Oncology.2024; 19(3): 303. CrossRef
Real-world progression-free survival and overall survival of palbociclib plus endocrine therapy (ET) in Japanese patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer in the first-line or second-l
Tetsuhiro Yoshinami, Shigenori E. Nagai, Masaya Hattori, Takuho Okamura, Kenichi Watanabe, Takahiro Nakayama, Hiroko Masuda, Michiko Tsuneizumi, Daisuke Takabatake, Michiko Harao, Hiroshi Yoshino, Natsuko Mori, Hiroyuki Yasojima, Chiya Oshiro, Madoka Iwas
Breast Cancer.2024; 31(4): 621. CrossRef
The Effect of C-Reactive Protein/Lymphocyte Ratio (CLR) on PFS in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Treated with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: A Novel Biomarker
Mehmet Buyukbayram, Zekeriya Hannarici, Yakup Duzkopru, Aykut Turhan, Alperen Caglar, Pınar Coban Esdur, Mehmet Bilici, Salim Tekin, Doğan Yazılıtaş
Breast Cancer: Targets and Therapy.2024; Volume 16: 329. CrossRef
The treatment pattern of advanced HR-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer in central southern China: a hospital-based cross-sectional study
Zhe-Yu Hu, Binliang Liu, Ning Xie, Xiaohong Yang, Liping Liu, Huawu Xiao, Jing Li, Hui Wu, Jianxiang Gao, Jun Lu, Xuming Hu, Min Cao, Zhengrong Shui, Can Tian, Quchang Ouyang
BMC Cancer.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Palbociclib in HR-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced/Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Systematic Scoping Review of Real-World Evidence from Countries Outside of Western Regions that Are Underrepresented in Clinical Trials
Amit Rauthan, Ankita Jain, Manmohan Singh, Mehmet A. N. Sendur
Oncology and Therapy.2024; 12(3): 395. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Real-World Studies
Hui-Chen Su, Ho-Wei Lin, Ka-Wai Tam
Targeted Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Real-world comparison of palbociclib, abemaciclib, and dalpiciclib as first-line treatments for Chinese HR+/HER2−metastatic breast cancer patients: a multicenter study (YOUNGBC-28)
Yifan Chen, Yizhao Xie, Die Sang, Ning Xie, Xinhua Han, Yanxia Zhao, Juanjuan Li, Jian Yue, Peng Yuan, Biyun Wang
Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Palbociclib plus endocrine therapy in hormone receptor-positive and HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer: a multicenter real-world study in the northwest of China
Jiao Yang, Bing Zhao, Xiaoling Ling, Donghui Li, Jiuda Zhao, Yonggang Lv, Guangxi Wang, Xinlan Liu, Nanlin Li, Jin Yang
BMC Cancer.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
A real-world study of the first use of palbociclib for the treatment of advanced breast cancer within the UK National Health Service as part of the novel Ibrance® Patient Program
Carlo Palmieri, Alison Musson, Catherine Harper-Wynne, Duncan Wheatley, Gianfilippo Bertelli, Iain R. Macpherson, Mark Nathan, Ellie McDowall, Ajay Bhojwani, Mark Verrill, Joe Eva, Colm Doody, Ruhe Chowdhury
British Journal of Cancer.2023; 129(5): 852. CrossRef
Real-world effectiveness of palbociclib plus fulvestrant in advanced breast cancer: Results from a population-based cohort study
Fábio Cardoso Borges, Filipa Alves da Costa, Adriana Ramos, Catarina Ramos, Catarina Bernardo, Cláudia Brito, Alexandra Mayer-da-Silva, Cláudia Furtado, Arlindo R. Ferreira, Diogo Martins-Branco, Ana Miranda, António Lourenço
The Breast.2022; 62: 135. CrossRef
The Impact of Real-World Alternative Dosing Strategies of Palbociclib on Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Fulbert Fu, Jessica Kano, Julia Ma, Mera Guindy
Current Oncology.2022; 29(3): 1761. CrossRef
Treatment patterns, effectiveness, and patient‐reported outcomes of palbociclib therapy in Chinese patients with advanced breast cancer: A multicenter ambispective real‐world study
Lesang Shen, Jun Zhou, Yiding Chen, Jinhua Ding, Haiyan Wei, Jian Liu, Wenjie Xia, Bojian Xie, Xiaohong Xie, Xujun Li, Yuechu Dai, Guobing Zhang, Xia Qiu, Chao Li, Shanshan Sun, Wuzhen Chen, Dihe Gong, Hengyu Li, Jian Huang, Xia Jiang, Chao Ni
Cancer Medicine.2022; 11(22): 4157. CrossRef
Starting dose selection of palbociclib in Chinese patients with breast cancer based on population kinetic–pharmacodynamic model of neutropenia
Weizhe Jian, Junsheng Xue, Qingyu Yao, Rong Chen, Ye Yao, Mopei Wang, Tianyan Zhou
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology.2022; 90(6): 489. CrossRef
Early Application of Palbociclib Plus Endocrine Therapy in HR+/HER2− Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Better Choice Based on Data From the Chinese Population
Yusi Zhang, Wenlin Chen, Shuanglong Chen, Qingmo Yang, Zhong Ouyang
Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Real-world Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes Associated With Palbociclib Combination Therapy: A Multinational, Pooled Analysis From the Ibrance Real World Insights Study
Katie Mycock, Kent A. Hanson, Gavin Taylor-Stokes, Gary Milligan, Christian Atkinson, Debanjali Mitra, Salena Preciado, Ernest H. Law
Clinical Therapeutics.2022; 44(12): 1588. CrossRef
Multicentric real world evidence with palbociclib in hormone positive HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer in Indian population
Chaturbhuj Agrawal, Pankaj Goyal, Amit Agarwal, Rupal Tripathi, Chandragouda Dodagoudar, Saphalta Baghmar, Archana Sharma, Ullas Batra, Vineet Talwar, Sumit Goyal, Rajeev Kumar, Dinesh Chandra Doval
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Which Clinicopathologic Parameters Suggest Primary Resistance to Palbociclib in Combination With Letrozole as the First-Line Treatment for Hormone Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer?
Ji-Yeon Kim, Jung Min Oh, Yeon Hee Park, Jin Seok Ahn, Young-Hyuck Im
Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Feasibility Study of Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment for Patients with Terminal Cancer: Ho Jung An, Hyun Jeong Jeon, Sang Hoon Chun, Hyun Ae Jung, Hee Kyung Ahn, Kyung Hee Lee, Min-ho Kim, Ju Hee Kim, Jaekyung Cheon, JinShil Kim, Su-Jin Koh; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1632-1638. Published online April 18, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.009

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) form is a legal document for terminally ill patients to make medical decisions with physicians near the end-of-life. A multicenter prospective study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of POLST administration in actual oncological practice.
Materials and Methods
Patients with terminal cancer, age ≥ 20 years, and capable of communicating were eligible. The primary endpoint was the completion rate of POLST. Data about physicians’ or patients’ barriers were also collected.
Results
From June to December 2017, 336 patients from seven hospitals were eligible. Median patient age was 66 years (range, 20 to 94 years); 52.7% were male; and 60.4% had poor performance status. Primary cancer sites were hepato-pancreato-biliary (26.2%), lung (23.2%), and gastrointestinal (19.9%). Expected survival duration was 10.6±7.3 weeks, with 41.2% receiving hospice care, 37.9% showing progression after cancer treatment, and the remaining patients were under active treatment (15.8%) or initially diagnosed with terminal cancer (5.1%). POLST forms were introduced to 60.1% of patients, and 31.3% signed the form. Physicians’ barriers were reluctance of family (49.7%), lack of rapport (44.8%), patients’ denial of prognosis (34.3%), lack of time (22.7%), guilty feelings (21.5%), and uncertainty about either prognosis (21.0%) or the right time to discuss POLST (16.6%). The patients’ barriers were the lack of knowledge/understanding of POLST (65.1%), emotional discomfort (63.5%), difficulty in decision-making (66.7%), or denial of prognosis (14.3%).
Conclusion
One-third of patients completed POLST forms, and various barriers were identified. To overcome such barriers, social engagement, education, and systematic support might be necessary.

Citations

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Characteristics of Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions: National Data Analysis in South Korea
Jiyeon Choi, Heejung Jeon, Ilhak Lee
Asian Bioethics Review.2024; 16(1): 33. CrossRef
An Integrative Review of the State of POLST Science: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go?
Elizabeth E. Umberfield, Matthew C. Fields, Rachel Lenko, Teryn P. Morgan, Elissa Schuler Adair, Erik K. Fromme, Hillary D. Lum, Alvin H. Moss, Neil S. Wenger, Rebecca L. Sudore, Susan E. Hickman
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association.2024; 25(4): 557. CrossRef
Experience and perspectives of end-of-life care discussion and physician orders for life-sustaining treatment of Korea (POLST-K): a cross-sectional study
Hyeon-Su Im, Insook Lee, Shinmi Kim, Jong Soo Lee, Ju-Hee Kim, Jae Young Moon, Byung Kyu Park, Kyung Hee Lee, Myung Ah Lee, Sanghoon Han, Yoonki Hong, Hyeyeoung Kim, Jaekyung Cheon, Su-Jin Koh
BMC Medical Ethics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Problems Related to the Act on Decisions on Life-Sustaining Treatment and Directions for Improvement
Dae Seog Heo, Shin Hye Yoo, Bhumsuk Keam, Sang Ho Yoo, Younsuck Koh
The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2022; 25(1): 1. CrossRef
Discussing POLST-facilitated hospice care enrollment in patients with terminal cancer
Ho Jung An, Hyun Jeong Jeon, Sang Hoon Chun, Hyun Ae Jung, Hee Kyung Ahn, Kyung Hee Lee, Min-ho Kim, Ju Hee Kim, Jaekyung Cheon, Su-Jin Koh
Supportive Care in Cancer.2022; 30(9): 7431. CrossRef
The Medical Orders for Scope of Treatment (MOST) form completion: a retrospective study
Anastasia A. Mallidou, Coby Tschanz, Elisabeth Antifeau, Kyoung Young Lee, Jenipher Kayuni Mtambo, Holly Heckl
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Investigating the Feasibility of Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing to Guide the Treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Sun Min Lim, Sang Hee Cho, In Gyu Hwang, Jae Woo Choi, Hyun Chang, Myung-Ju Ahn, Keon Uk Park, Ji-Won Kim, Yoon Ho Ko, Hee Kyung Ahn, Byoung Chul Cho, Byung-Ho Nam, Sang Hoon Chun, Ji Hyung Hong, Jung Hye Kwon, Jong Gwon Choi, Eun Joo Kang, Tak Yun, Keun-Wook Lee, Joo-Hang Kim, Jin Soo Kim, Hyun Woo Lee, Min Kyoung Kim, Dongmin Jung, Ji Eun Kim, Bhumsuk Keam, Hwan Jung Yun, Sangwoo Kim, Hye Ryun Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(1):300-312. Published online May 9, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.012

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a deadly disease in which precision medicine needs to be incorporated. We aimed to implement next-generation sequencing (NGS) in determining actionable targets to guide appropriate molecular targeted therapy in HNSCC patients.
Materials and Methods
Ninety-three tumors and matched blood samples underwent targeted sequencing of 244 genes using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform with an average depth of coverage of greater than 1,000×. Clinicopathological data from patients were obtained from 17 centers in Korea, and were analyzed in correlation with NGS data.
Results
Ninety-two of the 93 tumors were amenable to data analysis. TP53 was the most common mutation, occurring in 47 (51%) patients, followed by CDKN2A (n=23, 25%), CCND1 (n=22, 24%), and PIK3CA (n=19, 21%). The total mutational burden was similar between human papillomavirus (HPV)–negative vs. positive tumors, although TP53, CDKN2A and CCND1 gene alterations occurred more frequently in HPV-negative tumors. HPV-positive tumors were significantly associated with immune signature-related genes compared to HPV-negative tumors. Mutations of NOTCH1 (p=0.027), CDKN2A (p < 0.001), and TP53 (p=0.038) were significantly associated with poorer overall survival. FAT1 mutations were highly enriched in cisplatin responders, and potentially targetable alterations such as PIK3CA E545K and CDKN2A R58X were noted in 14 patients (15%).
Conclusion
We found several targetable genetic alterations, and our findings suggest that implementation of precision medicine in HNSCC is feasible. The predictive value of each targetable alteration should be assessed in a future umbrella trial using matched molecular targeted agents.

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Case Report

HPV-Related Retroperitoneal Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary: A Case Report: Hyun Jin Oh, Eun Hye Park, Yeong Bok Lee, Jooyeun Hu, Guk Jin Lee, Sang Hoon Chun, Mi Yeong Lee, Dae Woo Lee, Jeana Kim, Jong-Youl Jin; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):954-957. Published online February 17, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.111

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

A 56-year-old female was referred to our hospital due to a mass measuring 5 cm in size in the left pelvic cavity, which was found incidentally during a health examination by ultrasonography. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and the mass was located at the left retroperitoneal parametrium without invasion of the uterus and ovary. The pathology report confirmed squamous cell carcinoma. Even after further studies, we did not find any other primary lesion. Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA chip test (HPV 9G DNA Membrane Kit, Biometrixtechnology Inc.) showed that the surgical specimen was positive for HPV 18. She received adjuvant chemotherapy and would receive radiation therapy for the possibility of occult gynecologic cancer. Retroperitoneal squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary is extremely rare and little is known about it. It is reported that HPV may be associated with the disease. Hence, the result of HPV test could have an impact on finding a suspicious primary lesion and treatment modality in this case.

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Original Articles

Patient’s Factors at Entering Hospice Affecting Length of Survival in a Hospice Center: Guk Jin Lee, Hye Shin Ahn, Se Eun Go, Ji Hyun Kim, Min Wu Seo, Seung Hun Kang, Yeo Ree Yang, Mi Yeong Lee, Ku Ock Lee, Sang Hoon Chun, Jong Youl Jin; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(1):1-8. Published online August 28, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.148

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
In order to provide effective hospice care, adequate length of survival (LOS) in hospice is necessary. However the reported average LOS is much shorter. Analysis of LOS in hospice has not been reported from Korea. We evaluated the duration of LOS and the factors associated with LOS at our hospice center.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively examined 446 patients who were admitted to our hospice unit between January 2010 and December 2012. We performed univariate and multivariate analysis for analysis of factors associated with LOS.
Results
The median LOS was 9.5 days (range, 1 to 186 days). The LOS of 389 patients (86.8%) was< 1 month. At the time of admission to hospice, 112 patients (25.2%) were completely bedridden, 110 patients (24.8%) had mouth care only without intake, and 134 patients (30.1%) had decreased consciousness, from confusion to coma. The median time interval between the day of the last anticancer treatment and the day of hospice admission was 75 days. By analysis of the results of multivariate analysis, decreased intake and laboratory results showing increased total white blood cell (WBC), decreased platelet count, increased serum creatinine, increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level were poor prognostic factors for survival in hospice.
Conclusion
Before hospice admission, careful evaluation of the patient’s performance, particularly the oral intake, and total WBC, platelet, creatinine, AST, ALT, and LDH level is essential, because these were strong predictors of shorter LOS. In the future, conduct of prospective controlled studies is warranted in order to confirm the relationship between potential prognostic factors and LOS in hospice.

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Gemcitabine Plus Platinum Combination Chemotherapy for Elderly Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis: Sang Hoon Chun, Ji Eun Lee, Mi Hee Park, Jin-Hyoung Kang, Young Kyoon Kim, Young-Pil Wang, Jae Kil Park, Hoon-Kyo Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(4):217-224. Published online December 27, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.4.217

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
This study aimed to analyze the efficacy and toxicity of gemcitabine plus platinum chemotherapy for patients aged 70 years or older with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed the records of stage IIIB, IV NSCLC patients or surgically inoperable stage II, IIIA NSCLC patients who were aged 70 years or older when treated with gemcitabine (1,250 mg/m2) plus cisplatin (75 mg/m2) or carboplatin (AUC5) chemotherapy from 2001 to 2010 at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital and St. Vincent's Hospital. Gemcitabine was administered on days 1 and 8, and cisplatin or carboplatin was administered on day 1. Treatments were repeated every 3 weeks for a maximum of 4 cycles.
RESULTS
The median age of the 62 patients was 73.5 years (range, 70 to 84 years). Forty-one (66%) patients exhibited comorbidity. The mean number of treatment cycles was 3.9. The compared average relative dose intensity of gemcitabine plus platinum chemotherapy was 84.8%. The median progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) were 5.0 months and 9.4 months, respectively. Reduced Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (none vs. > or =1) and weight loss (<5% vs. > or =5%) after treatment were found to have a significant effect on OS (p=0.01).
CONCLUSION
Gemcitabine plus platinum chemotherapy is an effective treatment option with an acceptable level of toxicity in patients aged 70 years or older with good performance status in advanced NSCLC.

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