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Original Articles
VEGF and Ki-67 Overexpression in Predicting Poor Overall Survival in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Seongyeol Park, Soo Jeong Nam, Bhumsuk Keam, Tae Min Kim, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Se-Hoon Lee, J. Hun Hah, Tack-Kyun Kwon, Dong-Wan Kim, Myung-Whun Sung, Dae Seog Heo, Yung-Jue Bang
Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):518-526.   Published online July 14, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.093
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential prognostic factors in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Materials and Methods A total of 68 patients who underwent curative surgery and had available tissue were enrolled in this study. Their medical records and pathologic slides were reviewed and immunohistochemistry for basic fibroblast growth factor, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 2, FGFR3, c-kit, Myb proto-oncogene protein, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and Ki-67 was performed. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed for determination of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).
Results
In univariate analyses, primary site of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus (p=0.022) and Ki-67 expression of more than 7% (p=0.001) were statistically significant factors for poor DFS. Regarding OS, perineural invasion (p=0.032), high expression of VEGF (p=0.033), and high expression of Ki-67 (p=0.007) were poor prognostic factors. In multivariate analyses, primary site of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus (p=0.028) and high expression of Ki-67 (p=0.004) were independent risk factors for poor DFS, and high expression of VEGF (p=0.011) and Ki-67 (p=0.011) showed independent association with poor OS. Conclusion High expression of VEGF and Ki-67 were independent poor prognostic factors for OS in ACC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • PRMT5 inhibition has a potent anti-tumor activity against adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary glands
    Vasudha Mishra, Alka Singh, Michael Korzinkin, Xiangying Cheng, Claudia Wing, Viktoria Sarkisova, Ashwin L. Koppayi, Alexandra Pogorelskaya, Oksana Glushchenko, Manu Sundaresan, Venkat Thodima, Jack Carter, Koichi Ito, Peggy Scherle, Anna Trzcinska, Ivan
    Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors for Recurrent or Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
    Camilla O. Hoff, Joao Manzi, Felippe Lazar Neto, Renata Ferrarotto
    JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery.2024; 150(7): 587.     CrossRef
  • Sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma: preoperative apparent diffusion coefficient histogram analysis in prediction of prognosis and Ki-67 proliferation status
    Jingfeng Cheng, Quan Liu, Yuzhe Wang, Yang Zhan, Yin Wang, Dandan Shen, Yue Geng, Linying Guo, Zuohua Tang
    Japanese Journal of Radiology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Response and Progression Patterns of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Recurrent or Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: A Post Hoc Analysis of Two KCSG Phase II Trials
    Youjin Kim, Bhumsuk Keam, Eun Joo Kang, Jin-Soo Kim, Hye Ryun Kim, Keun-Wook Lee, Jung Hye Kwon, Kyoung Eun Lee, Yaewon Yang, Yoon Hee Choi, Min Kyoung Kim, Jun Ho Ji, Tak Yun, Moon Young Choi, Ki Hyeong Lee, Sung-Bae Kim, Myung-Ju Ahn
    Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(4): 1068.     CrossRef
  • Interactive role of miR‐29, miR‐93, miR‐205, and VEGF in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma
    Parisa Bayat, Nazanin Mahdavi, Shima Younespour, Neda Kardouni Khoozestani
    Clinical and Experimental Dental Research.2023; 9(1): 112.     CrossRef
  • Current understanding of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the gene expression and targeted therapy
    Quan-Quan Lin, Jin-Long Sun, Feng Wang, Hai-Zhong Zhang, Ge Zhou, Qing Xi
    Holistic Integrative Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Molecular Biology and Therapeutic Targets of Primitive Tracheal Tumors: Focus on Tumors Derived by Salivary Glands and Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    Alessandro Marchioni, Roberto Tonelli, Anna Valeria Samarelli, Gaia Francesca Cappiello, Alessandro Andreani, Luca Tabbì, Francesco Livrieri, Annamaria Bosi, Ottavia Nori, Francesco Mattioli, Giulia Bruzzi, Daniele Marchioni, Enrico Clini
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(14): 11370.     CrossRef
  • A Phase II Trial of Rivoceranib, an Oral Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 Inhibitor, for Recurrent or Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
    Glenn J. Hanna, Myung-Ju Ahn, Jameel Muzaffar, Bhumsuk Keam, Daniel W. Bowles, Deborah J. Wong, Alan L. Ho, Sung-Bae Kim, Francis Worden, Tak Yun, Xianzhang Meng, Jan M. Van Tornout, Maureen G. Conlan, Hyunseok Kang
    Clinical Cancer Research.2023; 29(22): 4555.     CrossRef
  • A Contemporary Review of Molecular Therapeutic Targets for Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
    Lauren E. Miller, Vivienne Au, Tara E. Mokhtari, Deborah Goss, Daniel L. Faden, Mark A. Varvares
    Cancers.2022; 14(4): 992.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of Recurrent or Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
    Luana Guimaraes de Sousa, Felippe Lazar Neto, Jessica Lin, Renata Ferrarotto
    Current Oncology Reports.2022; 24(5): 621.     CrossRef
  • Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: Genomic Landscape and Emerging Treatments
    Luana Guimaraes de Sousa, Katarina Jovanovic, Renata Ferrarotto
    Current Treatment Options in Oncology.2022; 23(8): 1135.     CrossRef
  • The Therapeutic Landscape of Salivary Gland Malignancies—Where Are We Now?
    Robbert Cleymaet, Tijl Vermassen, Renaat Coopman, Hubert Vermeersch, Stijn De Keukeleire, Sylvie Rottey
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(23): 14891.     CrossRef
  • Approaches to the Management of Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
    Rex H. Lee, Katherine C. Wai, Jason W. Chan, Patrick K. Ha, Hyunseok Kang
    Cancers.2022; 14(22): 5698.     CrossRef
  • Adenoid cystic carcinoma: a review of clinical features, treatment targets and advances in improving the immune response to monoclonal antibody therapy
    James Nightingale, Benedict Lum, Rahul Ladwa, Fiona Simpson, Benedict Panizza
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer.2021; 1875(2): 188523.     CrossRef
  • Apatinib in patients with recurrent or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck: a single-arm, phase II prospective study
    Guopei Zhu, Lin Zhang, Shengjin Dou, Rongrong Li, Jiang Li, Lulu Ye, Wen Jiang, Minjun Dong, Min Ruan, Wenjun Yang, Chenping Zhang
    Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of tumor site on the prognosis of salivary gland neoplasms: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Erison Santana dos Santos, Carla Isabelly Rodrigues-Fernandes, Paul M. Speight, Syed Ali Khurram, Ibrahim Alsanie, Ana Gabriela Costa Normando, Ana Carolina Prado-Ribeiro, Thaís Bianca Brandão, Luiz Paulo Kowalski, Eliete Neves Silva Guerra, Marcio Ajudar
    Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2021; 162: 103352.     CrossRef
  • Molecular Markers that Matter in Salivary Malignancy
    Katherine C. Wai, Hyunseok Kang, Patrick K. Ha
    Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America.2021; 54(3): 613.     CrossRef
  • Asymptomatic Palatal Mass
    C. V. Divyambika, K. Satish Srinivas, S. Sathasiva Subramanian, S. Elengkumaran, N. Malathi
    Indian Journal of Dental Research.2021; 32(1): 120.     CrossRef
  • Anlotinib is effective in patients with advanced oral cancer?
    Chen Chu, Wei Shang, Yan Sun, Xiaochun Zhang
    Medical Hypotheses.2020; 137: 109578.     CrossRef
  • Shallow whole genome sequencing of adenoid cystic carcinomas of the salivary glands identifies specific chromosomal aberrations related to tumor progression
    R. Cordesmeyer, R. Laskawi, H. Schliephake, P. Kauffmann, J. Beck, K. Bornemann-Kolatzki, E. Schütz, P. Ströbel, S. Kueffer, A. Fichtner, F. Bremmer
    Oral Oncology.2020; 103: 104615.     CrossRef
  • Knockdown Rab11‐FIP2 inhibits migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via suppressing Rho GTPase signaling
    Guofei Feng, Liting Qin, Zhipeng Liao, Xiling Xiao, Bo Li, Wanmeng Cui, Libin Liang, Yingxi Mo, Guangwu Huang, Ping Li, Xiaoying Zhou, Zhe Zhang, Xue Xiao
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry.2020; 121(2): 1072.     CrossRef
  • Major and minor salivary gland tumours
    Gemma Gatta, Marco Guzzo, Laura D. Locati, Mark McGurk, Franz Josef Prott
    Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2020; 152: 102959.     CrossRef
  • The value of MYB as a prognostic marker for adenoid cystic carcinoma: Meta‐analysis
    Xiangqi Liu, Dongru Chen, Xiaomei Lao, Yujie Liang
    Head & Neck.2019; 41(5): 1517.     CrossRef
  • New approaches in salivary gland carcinoma
    Caroline Even, Neus Baste, Marion Classe
    Current Opinion in Oncology.2019; 31(3): 169.     CrossRef
  • Study of MYB-NFIB chimeric gene expression, tumor angiogenesis, and proliferation in adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland
    Junya Ono, Yasuo Okada
    Odontology.2018; 106(3): 238.     CrossRef
  • A phase II study of axitinib (AG-013736) in patients with incurable adenoid cystic carcinoma
    A.L. Ho, L. Dunn, E.J. Sherman, M.G. Fury, S.S. Baxi, R. Chandramohan, S. Dogan, L.G.T. Morris, G.D. Cullen, S. Haque, C.S. Sima, A. Ni, C.R. Antonescu, N. Katabi, D.G. Pfister
    Annals of Oncology.2016; 27(10): 1902.     CrossRef
  • The role of perineural invasion on head and neck adenoid cystic carcinoma prognosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Jun Ju, Yun Li, Juan Chai, Chao Ma, Qianwei Ni, Zhiyuan Shen, Jianhua Wei, Moyi Sun
    Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology.2016; 122(6): 691.     CrossRef
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Long-Term Outcome of Definitive Radiotherapy for Early Glottic Cancer: Prognostic Factors and Patterns of Local Failure
Yu Jin Lim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Tack-Kyun Kwon, J. Hun Hah, Myung-Whun Sung, Kwang Hyun Kim, Charn Il Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):862-870.   Published online February 13, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.203
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose
This study evaluates the long-term results of definitive radiotherapy (RT) for early glottic cancer. Clinical and treatment factors related to local control and patterns of failure are analyzed. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 222 patients with T1-2N0 squamous cell carcinoma of the glottic larynx treated with definitive RT from 1981 to 2010. None of the patients received elective nodal RT or combined chemotherapy. The median total RT dose was 66 Gy. The daily fraction size was < 2.5 Gy in 69% and 2.5 Gy in 31% of patients. The RT field extended from the hyoid bone to the cricoid cartilage.
Results
The median age was 60 years, and 155 patients (70%) had T1 disease. The 5-year rates of local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and ultimate LRFS with voice preservation were 87.8% and 90.3%, respectively. T2 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08 to 4.94) and anterior commissural involvement (HR, 3.37; 95% CI, 1.62 to 7.02) were significant prognostic factors for LRFS. In 34 patients with local recurrence, tumors recurred in the ipsilateral vocal cord in 28 patients. There were no contralateral vocal cord recurrences. Most acute complications included grade 1-2 dysphagia and/or hoarseness. There was no grade 3 or greater chronic toxicity.
Conclusion
Definitive RT achieved a high cure rate, voice preservation, and tolerable toxicity in early glottic cancer. T2 stage and anterior commissural involvement were prognostic factors for local control. Further optimization of the RT method is needed to reduce the risk of ipsilateral tumor recurrence.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Superior Regional Control and Laryngeal Function Preservation With Radiotherapy Versus Partial Laryngectomy: A Propensity Score‐Matched Analysis of 562 Early Glottic Cancer Patients
    Shaoqiu Zhang, Ruichen Li, Yang Zhao, Liting Zhu, Ming Guo, Xiaoshen Wang, Yi Zhu
    Head & Neck.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Harkirat Kaur, Niketa Thakur, Ramita Sharma, Meena Sudan, Neeraj Jain, Supreet Kaur, Priyanka Lehal
    Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2024; 20(1): 327.     CrossRef
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    Seok-Joo Chun, Jaeman Son, Seonghee Kang, Chang Heon Choi, Jung-in Kim, Young-Il Kim, Joo Ho Lee, Jin Ho Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu
    Strahlentherapie und Onkologie.2024; 200(5): 418.     CrossRef
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    Matteo Fermi, Alfredo Lo Manto, Cecilia Lotto, Giulia Cianci, Francesco Mattioli, Daniele Marchioni, Livio Presutti, Ignacio Javier Fernandez
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(6): 2261.     CrossRef
  • Prospective Observational Comparative Study of Response and Toxicities in Early Glottic Cancer Using Telecobalt Versus 3D-CRT
    Sanchayan Mandal, Tamohan Chaudhuri, Dhrubajyoti Mukhopadhyay
    Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery.2022; 74(S2): 1725.     CrossRef
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    Tirth R. Patel, Jaijeet Toor, Bobby A. Tajudeen, Mihir Bhayani, Samer Al-Khudari
    Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology.2022; 131(4): 379.     CrossRef
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    Head & Neck.2022; 44(11): 2513.     CrossRef
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    Ear, Nose & Throat Journal.2021; 100(1_suppl): 51S.     CrossRef
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Definitive Radiotherapy versus Postoperative Radiotherapy for Tonsil Cancer
Tae Ryool Koo, Hong-Gyun Wu, J. Hun Hah, Myung-Whun Sung, Kwang-Hyun Kim, Bhumsuk Keam, Tae Min Kim, Se-Hoon Lee, Dong-Wan Kim, Dae-Seog Heo, Charn Il Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2012;44(4):227-234.   Published online December 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2012.44.4.227
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to analyze treatment outcome of radiotherapy (RT) in patients with stage III-IV tonsil cancer managed by surgery followed by postoperative RT (SRT) and definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT), and to thereby evaluate the most feasible treatment modality.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Of 124 patients, 67 underwent CRT, and 57 underwent SRT. We compared survival and complication rates in both groups.
RESULTS
The median follow-up time was 57 months (range, 19 to 255 months) for surviving patients. At five years, locoregional progression-free survival (LRPFS) and overall survival (OS) were 88% and 80%, respectively. No significant difference in LRPFS (p=0.491) and OS (p=0.177) was observed between CRT and SRT. In multivariate analysis, old age and higher T stage showed a significant association with poor LRPFS, PFS, and OS; higher N stage showed an association with poor PFS and a trend of poor LRPFS, while no association with OS was observed; treatment modality (CRT and SRT) showed no association with LRFPS, PFS, and OS. Grade 3 or higher mucositis was observed in 12 patients (21%) in the SRT group, and 25 patients (37%) in the CRT group.
CONCLUSION
Definitive CRT and SRT have similar treatment outcomes for patients with stage III-IV tonsil cancer. Although acute complication rate appears to be higher in the CRT group, it should be noted that not all data on complications were included in this retrospective study. To determine the most feasible treatment modality, not only mucositis and xerostomia, but also emotional aspect and quality of life, should be considered.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    Yujiao Li, Chaosu Hu
    American Journal of Otolaryngology.2024; 45(6): 104452.     CrossRef
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    Yujiao Li, Chaosu Hu
    European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2023; 280(10): 4619.     CrossRef
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    Phuong Nam Tran
    Journal of Clinical Medicine- Hue Central Hospital.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Sanghyuk Song, Hong-Gyun Wu, Chang Geol Lee, Ki Chang Keum, Mi Sun Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Dongryul Oh, Hyo Jung Park, Sang-Wook Lee, Geumju Park, Sung Ho Moon, Kwan Ho Cho, Yeon-Sil Kim, Yongkyun Won, Young-Taek Oh, Won-Taek Kim, Jae-Uk Jeong
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    Tae Ryool Koo, Hong-Gyun Wu
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    Seyed Kazem Mirinezhad, Mohammad Hossein Somi, Masoud Shirmohamadi, Farshad Seyednejad, Amir Ghasemi Jangjoo, Morteza Ghojazadeh, Mohammad Mohammadzadeh, Ali Reza Naseri, Behnam Nasiri
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Retrospective Analysis of the Treatment Results for Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Tonsil
Ah Ram Chang, Hong-Gyun Wu, Charn Il Park, Kwang-Hyun Kim, Myung-Whun Sung, Dae-Seog Heo
Cancer Res Treat. 2005;37(2):92-97.   Published online April 30, 2005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2005.37.2.92
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

There has been no definitive randomized study to identify the optimal therapeutic regimen for treating squamous cell carcinoma of tonsil. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the treatment outcome according to various combinations of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy.

Materials and Methods

Fifty-six patients with tonsillar carcinoma, who were treated at Seoul National University Hospital from March 1985 to August 2001, were the subjects of this study. Twenty-one patients received surgery followed by radiation therapy (SRT), 16 patients underwent radiation therapy alone (RT), and 19 patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy (CRT). The median radiation dose was 66.6 Gy for the SRT group and 70.2 Gy for the RT and CRT groups. Surgery comprised extended tonsillectomy and modified radical neck dissection of the involved neck. Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil were used every three weeks for 3 cycles in the SRT group. The median follow-up was 73.2 months.

Results

The distribution of T-stage was 4 cases of T1, 14 cases of T2, 1 case of T3 and 2 cases of T4 staging in the SRT group, 2 cases of T1, 6 cases of T2, 5 cases of T3 and 3 cases of T4 staging in the RT group and 0 cases of T1, 7 cases of T2, 9 cases of T3 and 3 cases of T4 staging in the CRT group. The distribution of N-stage was 5 cases of N0, 2 cases of N1, 13 cases of N2 and 1 case of N3 staging in the SRT group, 6 cases of N0, 5 cases of N1, 5 cases of N2 and 0 cases of N3 staging in the RT group, and 2 cases of N0, and 7 cases of N1, 9 cases of N2 and 1 case of N3 staging in the CRT group. The five-year overall survival rate (OSR) for all patients was 78%. The five-year OSR was 80% for the SRT group, 71% for the RT group, and 80% for the CRT group (p=ns). The five-year disease-free survival rate was 93% for the CRT group and 71% for the RT group (p=0.017). Four patients developed local failure and one patient failed at a regional site in the RT group, and one patient failed at a primary site in the CRT group. The five-year DFS was 84% for patients who had undergone neck dissection and 76% for patients who had not undergone neck dissection (p=ns). Treatment-related complications of grade 3 or 4 occurred in 15 patients, and the incidence of complication was not different between each of the treatment methods.

Conclusion

Although the patients with more advanced T stage were included in the RT and CRT groups, the OSR was not statistically different according to the treatment methods. In the radical radiation therapy group, the addition of neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed an improvement in the disease-free survival. Because of the retrospective nature of our study and the small number of patients, this study cannot draw any definite conclusions, but it suggests that radiation therapy with chemotherapy can be a good alternative option for squamous cell carcinoma of tonsil. Controlled randomized study is necessary to confirm this hypothesis.

Citations

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