Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Conditional Survival Estimates Improve Over Time for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Analysis for Nationwide Korea Cancer Registry Database: Jae Seung Lee, In Rae Cho, Hye Won Lee, Mi Young Jeon, Tae Seop Lim, Oidov Baatarkhuu, Do Young Kim, Kwang-Hyub Han, Jun Yong Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1347-1356. Published online February 12, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.477

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Purpose
Conditional survival estimates (CSE) can provide additional useful prognostic information on the period of survival after diagnosis, which helps in counseling patients with cancer on their individual prognoses. This study aimed to analyze conditional survival (CS) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using a Korean national registry.
Materials and Methods
Patients with HCC, registered in the Korean cancer registry database, were retrospectively reviewed. Overall survival (OS) was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The 1-year CS at X year or month after diagnosis were calculated as CS1=OS_(X+1)/OS_(X). CS calculations were performed in each Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage, after which patients at stage 0, A, and B underwent subgroup analysis using initial treatment methods.
Results
A total of 4,063 patients diagnosed with HCC from January 2008 to December 2010, and 2,721 who were diagnosed from January 2011 to December 2012, were separately reviewed. In 2008-2010, the 1-year CS of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5-year survivors was 82.9%, 85.1%, 88.3%, 88.0%, and 88.6%, respectively. Patients demonstrated an increase in CSE over time in subgroup analysis, especially in the advanced stages. In 2011-2012, the 1-year CS of 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months was 81.5%, 83.8%, 85.3%, 85.5%, 86.5%, and 88.8%, respectively. The subgroup analysis showed the same tendency towards increased CSE in the advanced stages.
Conclusion
Overall, the CS improved with each additional year after diagnosis in both groups. CSE may therefore provide a more accurate prognosis and hopeful message to patients who are surviving with or after treatment.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Improving Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Outcomes in Patients with Cirrhosis after Hepatitis C Cure: A Modelling Study
Jacob Cumming, Nick Scott, Jessica Howell, Joan Ericka Flores, Damian Pavlyshyn, Margaret E. Hellard, Leon Shin-han Winata, Marno Ryan, Tom Sutherland, Alexander J. Thompson, Joseph S. Doyle, Rachel Sacks-Davis
Cancers.2024; 16(15): 2745. CrossRef
Analysis of conditional survival in primary hepatocellular carcinoma after narrow-margin hepatectomy: a large-sample, dual-centre, retrospective study
Jie Kong, Tingfeng Huang, Jianxi Zhang, Shichuan Tang, Hongzhi Liu, Jingfeng Liu, Yongyi Zeng
HPB.2023; 25(2): 179. CrossRef
Factors associated with the survival outcomes of patients with untreated hepatocellular carcinoma: An analysis of nationwide data
Min Jung Kwon, Soy Chang, Ji Hoon Kim, Ji Won Han, Jeong Won Jang, Jong Young Choi, Seung Kew Yoon, Pil Soo Sung
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Early diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma based on a ceRNA array
Li-xin Wang, Ao-ran Kong, Hui Dong
Oncologie.2023; 25(3): 245. CrossRef
Conditional survival probability of distant-metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma: A population-based study
Yong-Ping Yang, Cheng-Jun Guo, Zhao-Xuan Gu, Jun-Jie Hua, Jia-Xuan Zhang, Jian Shi
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2023; 15(11): 1874. CrossRef
Current Status and Future Direction of Immunotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: What Do the Data Suggest?
Hye Won Lee, Kyung Joo Cho, Jun Yong Park
Immune Network.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Dynamic evaluation of conditional survival in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma after surgical resection: A large-scale prospective study
Lingjun Yan, Fa Chen, Lin Chen, Jing Lin, Qing Chen, Xiaodan Bao, Yu Qiu, Lisong Lin, Xiaoyan Zheng, Lizhen Pan, Jing Wang, Zhijian Hu, Fengqiong Liu, Baochang He, Bin Shi
Oral Oncology.2020; 104: 104639. CrossRef
Nivolumab for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Multiple Lung Metastases after Sorafenib Failure
Jaewoong Kim, Jin Won Chang, Jun Yong Park
Journal of Liver Cancer.2020; 20(1): 72. CrossRef
Development of a New Nomogram Including Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio to Predict Survival in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Transarterial Chemoembolization
Young Eun Chon, Hana Park, Hye Kyung Hyun, Yeonjung Ha, Mi Na Kim, Beom Kyung Kim, Joo Ho Lee, Seung Up Kim, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Seong Gyu Hwang, Kwang-Hyub Han, Kyu Sung Rim, Jun Yong Park
Cancers.2019; 11(4): 509. CrossRef

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Real-Life Experience of Sorafenib Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Korea: From GIDEON Data: Do Young Kim, Hye Jin Kim, Kwang-Hyub Han, Sang Young Han, Jeong Heo, Hyun Young Woo, Soon Ho Um, Yeul Hong Kim, Young Oh Kweon, Ho Yeong Lim, Jung Hwan Yoon, Wan Sik Lee, Byung Seok Lee, Han Chu Lee, Baek-Yeol Ryoo, Seung Kew Yoon; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(4):1243-1252. Published online February 24, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.278

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Purpose
The purpose of this study is to report real life experiences of sorafenib therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Korea, using a subset of data from GIDEON (Global Investigation of Therapeutic Decisions in HCC and of Its Treatment with Sorafenib; a large, prospective, observational study).
Materials and Methods
Between January 2009 and April 2012, a total of 497 patients were enrolled from 11 sites in Korea. Of these, 482 patients were evaluable for safety analyses. Case report forms of paper or electronic version were used to record safety and efficacy data from all patients.
Results
More patients of Child-Pugh A received sorafenib for > 8 weeks than did patients of Child-Pugh B (55.5% vs. 34.3%). Child-Pugh score did not appear to influence the starting dose of sorafenib, and approximately 70% of patients both in Child-Pugh A and B groups received the recommended initial daily dose of 800 mg (69.0% and 69.5%, respectively). The median overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP) were 8.5 months and 2.5 months. In Child-Pugh A patients, the median OS and TTP were 10.2 months and 2.5 months. The most frequent treatment-emergent drug-related adverse event was hand-foot skin reaction (31.7%), followed by diarrhea (18.0%). The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events was similar in both Child-Pugh A (85.4%) and Child-Pugh B (84.8%) patients.
Conclusion
Sorafenib was well tolerated by Korean HCC patients in clinical settings, and the safety profile did not appear to differ by Child-Pugh status. Survival benefit in Korean patients was in line with that of a previous pivotal phase III trial (SHARP).

Citations

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Sorafenib for 9,923 Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Analysis from National Health Insurance Claim Data in South Korea
Sojung Han, Do Young Kim, Ho Yeong Lim, Jung-Hwan Yoon, Baek-Yeol Ryoo, Yujeong Kim, Kookhee Kim, Bo Yeon Kim, So Young Yi, Dong-Sook Kim, Do-Yeon Cho, Jina Yu, Suhyun Kim, Joong-Won Park
Gut and Liver.2024; 18(1): 116. CrossRef
Locoregional treatment improves overall survival for liver cancer during second-line regorafenib or immune checkpoint inhibitor
Po-Ting Lin
American Journal of Cancer Research.2024; 14(3): 1306. CrossRef
Advances in Pharmacotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A State-of-the-Art Review
Florian P. Reiter, Najib Ben Khaled, Liangtao Ye, Changhua Zhang, Max Seidensticker, Mark op den Winkel, Gerald Denk, Andreas Geier, Enrico N. De Toni
Digestive Diseases.2022; 40(5): 565. CrossRef
Treatment efficacy by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy vs. sorafenib after liver-directed concurrent chemoradiotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Sojung Han, Hye Jin Choi, Seung-Hoon Beom, Hye Rim Kim, Hyein Lee, Jae Seung Lee, Hye Won Lee, Jun Yong Park, Seung Up Kim, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Kwang-Hyub Han, Jinsil Seong, Jong Yun Won, Beom Kyung Kim
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2021; 147(10): 3123. CrossRef
Hepatocellular cancer therapy in patients with HIV infection: Disparities in cancer care, trials enrolment, and cancer-related research
Francesca Negri, Gabriele Missale, Anna Degli Antoni, Camillo Porta
Translational Oncology.2021; 14(9): 101153. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Liver-Directed Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy and Sequential Sorafenib for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Prospective Phase 2 Trial
Beom Kyung Kim, Do Young Kim, Hwa Kyung Byun, Hye Jin Choi, Seung-Hoon Beom, Hye Won Lee, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Sang Hoon Ahn, Jinsil Seong, Kwang-Hyub Han
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2020; 107(1): 106. CrossRef
Transarterial Infusion of Epirubicin and Cisplatin Combined With Systemic Infusion of 5-Flurouracil Versus Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Refractoriness of Transarterial Chemoembolization Using Doxorubicin
Sun Hong Yoo, Jung Hyun Kwon, Soon Woo Nam, Jong Yul Lee, Young Woon Kim, Dong Jae Shim, Sung Won Lee, Jeong Won Jang
Cancer Control.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Korea between 2012 and 2014: an Analysis of Data from the Korean Nationwide Cancer Registry
Young Eun Chon, Han Ah Lee, Jun Sik Yoon, Jun Yong Park, Bo Hyun Kim, In Joon Lee, Suk Kyun Hong, Dong Hyeon Lee, Hyun-Joo Kong, Eunyang Kim, Young-Joo Won, Jeong-Hoon Lee
Journal of Liver Cancer.2020; 20(2): 135. CrossRef
Appraisal of Long-Term Outcomes of Liver-Directed Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Major Portal Vein Invasion

Sojung Han, Hye Won Lee, Jun Yong Park, Seung Up Kim, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Kwang-Hyub Han, Jinsil Seong, Jong Yun Won, Dai Hoon Han, Beom Kyung Kim
Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.2020; Volume 7: 403. CrossRef
Sorafenib: key lessons from over 10 years of experience
Bernard Escudier, Francis Worden, Masatoshi Kudo
Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.2019; 19(2): 177. CrossRef
Liver Transplantation after Successful Downstaging with Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy in a Patient with Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus
Hee Chul Nam, Pil Soo Sung, Ho Jong Chun, Dong Goo Kim, Jeong Won Jang, Jong Young Choi, Seung Kew Yoon
Journal of Liver Cancer.2019; 19(1): 64. CrossRef
18F–fluorodeoxyglucose uptake of hepatocellular carcinoma as a prognostic predictor in patients with sorafenib treatment
Pil Soo Sung, Hye Lim Park, Keungmo Yang, Seawon Hwang, Myeong Jun Song, Jeong Won Jang, Jong Young Choi, Seung Kew Yoon, Ie Ryung Yoo, Si Hyun Bae
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.2018; 45(3): 384. CrossRef
Intra-Arterial TheraSphere Yttrium-90 Glass Microspheres in the Treatment of Patients With Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Protocol for the STOP-HCC Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trial
Nikhil Chauhan, Janet Bukovcan, Eveline Boucher, David Cosgrove, Julien Edeline, Bonnie Hamilton, Laura Kulik, Fayaz Master, Riad Salem
JMIR Research Protocols.2018; 7(8): e11234. CrossRef
Sorafenib: A Review in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Gillian M. Keating
Targeted Oncology.2017; 12(2): 243. CrossRef
Treatment options after sorafenib failure in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Imane El Dika, Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2017; 23(4): 273. CrossRef
Dickkopf-1 induces angiogenesis via VEGF receptor 2 regulation independent of the Wnt signaling pathway
Sung Hoon Choi, Hyemi Kim, Hyun Gyu Lee, Beom Kyung Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Kwang-Hyub Han, Seung Up Kim
Oncotarget.2017; 8(35): 58974. CrossRef

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Clinical Benefit of Hepatic Arterial Infusion Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis: Hong In Yoon, Ki Jun Song, Ik Jae Lee, Do Young Kim, Kwang-Hyub Han, Jinsil Seong; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):190-197. Published online March 5, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.276

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Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether hepatic arterial infusion concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) could improve overall survival (OS) in patients with locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (LAHCC). Materials and Methods Two databases were reviewed from Yonsei Cancer Center (YCC) and Korean Liver Cancer Study Group (KLCSG) nationwide multi-center hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cohort. The CCRT group included 106 patients, with stage III-IV, Child-Pugh classification A, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 or 1, who underwent definitive CCRT as the initial treatment at YCC. We used propensity score matching to adjust for seven clinical factors, including age, tumor size, TNM stage by the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan, T stage, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system, etiology of HCC, and portal vein invasion, which all differed significantly in the two databases. From the KLCSG cohort enrolled at 32 institutions, 106 patients for the non-CCRT group were defined. Results After propensity score matching, all patient characteristics were balanced between the two groups. The CCRT group had better OS (median, 11.4) than the non-CCRT group (6.6 months; p=0.02). In multivariate analyses for all patients, CCRT (hazard ratio [HR], 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 1.97; p=0.007), tumor size (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.12; p < 0.001), and BCLC stage (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.8; p=0.003) were independent prognostic factors for OS. Conclusion CCRT showed better OS for LAHCC patients. In LAHCC patients with a good performance and normal liver function, CCRT could be a feasible treatment option. All of these findings need to be validated in prospective clinical trials.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Liver-Directed Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy versus Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis
Jina Kim, Hwa Kyung Byun, Tae Hyung Kim, Sun Il Kim, Beom Kyung Kim, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Jinsil Seong
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Progress in Transformation Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Cancer Thrombus
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Advances in Clinical Medicine.2022; 12(12): 11521. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Liver-Directed Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy and Sequential Sorafenib for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Prospective Phase 2 Trial
Beom Kyung Kim, Do Young Kim, Hwa Kyung Byun, Hye Jin Choi, Seung-Hoon Beom, Hye Won Lee, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Sang Hoon Ahn, Jinsil Seong, Kwang-Hyub Han
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2020; 107(1): 106. CrossRef
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Shinya Endo, Shinya Kawaguchi, Kazuhisa Asahara, Ryosuke Itai, Shuzo Terada, Naofumi Shirane, Kengo Kuriyama
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Radiotherapy and Oncology.2019; 133: 1. CrossRef
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Radiation Oncology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Transarterial Radioembolization Versus Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Jeong Eun Song, Kyu Sik Jung, Do Young Kim, Kijun Song, Jong Yun Won, Hye Won Lee, Beom Kyung Kim, Seung Up Kim, Jun Yong Park, Sang Hoon Ahn, Jinsil Seong, Kwang-Hyub Han
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2017; 99(2): 396. CrossRef
Conditional survival estimate in patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B/C hepatocellular carcinoma treated with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with/without concurrent radiotherapy
In Rae Cho, Hye Won Lee, Ki Jun Song, Beom Kyung Kim, Seung Up Kim, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Jinsil Seong, Kwang-Hyub Han, Jun Yong Park
Oncotarget.2017; 8(45): 79914. CrossRef
Radiotherapy as valid modality for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis
Jeong Il Yu, Hee Chul Park
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2016; 22(30): 6851. CrossRef
The effect of radiotherapy in liver-confined but non-resectable Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C large hepatocellular carcinoma
Hong In Yoon, Inkyung Jung, Kwang-Hyub Han, Jinsil Seong
Oncotarget.2016; 7(38): 62715. CrossRef
Prognostic Significance of18F-FDG Uptake in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Transarterial Chemoembolization or Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Jeong Won Lee, Jin Kyoung Oh, Yong An Chung, Sae Jung Na, Seung Hyup Hyun, Il Ki Hong, Jae Seon Eo, Bong-Il Song, Tae-sung Kim, Do Young Kim, Seung Up Kim, Dae Hyuk Moon, Jong Doo Lee, Mijin Yun
Journal of Nuclear Medicine.2016; 57(4): 509. CrossRef

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