Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Pediatric cancer

Epidemiologic and Clinical Outcomes of Pediatric Renal Tumors in Korea: A Retrospective Analysis of The Korean Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Group (KPHOG) Data: Kyung-Nam Koh, Jung Woo Han, Hyoung Soo Choi, Hyoung Jin Kang, Ji Won Lee, Keon Hee Yoo, Ki Woong Sung, Hong Hoe Koo, Kyung Taek Hong, Jung Yoon Choi, Sung Han Kang, Hyery Kim, Ho Joon Im, Seung Min Hahn, Chuhl Joo Lyu, Hee-Jo Baek, Hoon Kook, Kyung Mi Park, Eu Jeen Yang, Young Tak Lim, Seongkoo Kim, Jae Wook Lee, Nack-Gyun Chung, Bin Cho, Meerim Park, Hyeon Jin Park, Byung-Kiu Park, Jun Ah Lee, Jun Eun Park, Soon Ki Kim, Ji Yoon Kim, Hyo Sun Kim, Youngeun Ma, Kyung Duk Park, Sang Kyu Park, Eun Sil Park, Ye Jee Shim, Eun Sun Yoo, Kyung Ha Ryu, Jae Won Yoo, Yeon Jung Lim, Hoi Soo Yoon, Mee Jeong Lee, Jae Min Lee, In-Sang Jeon, Hye Lim Jung, Hee Won Chueh, Seunghyun Won, the Korean Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Group (KPHOG); Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(1):279-290. Published online August 11, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.073

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Purpose
Renal tumors account for approximately 7% of all childhood cancers. These include Wilms tumor (WT), clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK), malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney (MRTK), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) and other rare tumors. We investigated the epidemiology of pediatric renal tumors in Korea.
Materials and Methods
From January 2001 to December 2015, data of pediatric patients (0–18 years) newly-diagnosed with renal tumors at 26 hospitals were retrospectively analyzed.
Results
Among 439 patients (male, 240), the most common tumor was WT (n=342, 77.9%), followed by RCC (n=36, 8.2%), CCSK (n=24, 5.5%), MRTK (n=16, 3.6%), CMN (n=12, 2.7%), and others (n=9, 2.1%). Median age at diagnosis was 27.1 months (range 0-225.5) and median follow-up duration was 88.5 months (range 0-211.6). Overall, 32 patients died, of whom 17, 11, 1, and 3 died of relapse, progressive disease, second malignant neoplasm, and treatment-related mortality. Five-year overall survival and event free survival were 97.2% and 84.8% in WT, 90.6% and 82.1% in RCC, 81.1% and 63.6% in CCSK, 60.3% and 56.2% in MRTK, and 100% and 91.7% in CMN, respectively (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
The pediatric renal tumor types in Korea are similar to those previously reported in other countries. WT accounted for a large proportion and survival was excellent. Non-Wilms renal tumors included a variety of tumors and showed inferior outcome, especially MRTK. Further efforts are necessary to optimize the treatment and analyze the genetic characteristics of pediatric renal tumors in Korea.

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Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma Mimic Wilms Tumor on 18F-FDG PET/CT and PET/MR
Wenzhu Hu, Chunxia Qin, Fuqiang Shao, Mengting Li, Xiaoli Lan
Clinical Nuclear Medicine.2024; 49(4): 353. CrossRef
Progress towards Therapies for Solid Renal Tumors in Children
洁林
Advances in Clinical Medicine.2024; 14(06): 245. CrossRef

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Loss of Heterozygosity at Chromosome 16q Is a Negative Prognostic Factor in Korean Pediatric Patients with Favorable Histology Wilms Tumor: A Report of the Korean Pediatric Hematology Oncology Group (K-PHOG): Jun Eun Park, O Kyu Noh, Yonghee Lee, Hyoung Soo Choi, Jung Woo Han, Seung Min Hahn, Chuhl Joo Lyu, Ji Won Lee, Keon Hee Yoo, Hong Hoe Koo, Seon-Yong Jeong, Ki Woong Sung; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(2):438-445. Published online September 10, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2019.313

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Purpose
Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at chromosomes 1p and 16q is a poor prognostic factor in favorable histology Wilms tumor (FHWT). This study investigated the prevalence of LOH at 1p and 16q and evaluated its prognostic value in Korean children with FHWT. Materials and Methods We analyzed 101 FHWT patients who were diagnosed between 1996 and 2016 in Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology Oncology Group hospitals. Using paraffin-embedded kidney tissue samples sent from each center, we reviewed LOH at 1p and 16q in each patient and assessed the prognostic value of LOH status for clinical parameters affecting event-free survival (EFS).
Results
Of the 101 patients, 12 (11.9%) experienced recurrence; the 3-year EFS was 87.6%. LOH at 1p or 16q was detected in 19 patients (18.8%), with five having LOH at both 1q and 16q. The frequency of LOH at 1p was higher among younger patients (p=0.049), but there was no difference in LOH prevalence according to tumor stage. In the multivariate analysis, LOH at 16q was a significant negative prognostic factor affecting EFS (3-year EFS, 73.7% vs. 91.1%; hazard ratio, 3.95; p=0.037), whereas LOH at 1p was not (p=0.786). Conclusion LOH at 16q was a significant negative prognostic factor affecting outcome in Korean pediatric FHWT patients. Due to the small sample size of this study, large-scale multicenter trials are warranted to investigate the prognostic value of LOH at 1p and 16q in Korean children with FHWT.

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Citations to this article as recorded by

Loss of heterozygosity for chromosomes 16q in Wilms tumors predicts outcomes: A meta-analysis
Yuan-Hua Song, Wen-Ling Li, Zhen Yang, Yan Gao, Zhi-Ping Feng
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2024; 16(5): 2159. CrossRef
Inter-Ethnic Variations in the Clinical, Pathological, and Molecular Characteristics of Wilms Tumor
Kia Teng Lim, Amos H. P. Loh
Cancers.2024; 16(17): 3051. CrossRef
Characterization of malignant kidney tumors in childhood by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Jinyu Gou, Xueli Ji, Shuqi Wu, Hui Wang, Suyun Chen
World Journal of Urology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Epidemiologic and Clinical Outcomes of Pediatric Renal Tumors in Korea: A Retrospective Analysis of The Korean Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Group (KPHOG) Data
Kyung-Nam Koh, Jung Woo Han, Hyoung Soo Choi, Hyoung Jin Kang, Ji Won Lee, Keon Hee Yoo, Ki Woong Sung, Hong Hoe Koo, Kyung Taek Hong, Jung Yoon Choi, Sung Han Kang, Hyery Kim, Ho Joon Im, Seung Min Hahn, Chuhl Joo Lyu, Hee-Jo Baek, Hoon Kook, Kyung Mi Pa
Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(1): 279. CrossRef
Research Advances of Prognostic Risk Factors of Wilms Tumor
建宇汪
World Journal of Cancer Research.2023; 13(02): 51. CrossRef
Current Challenges of Asian National Children's Cancer Study Groups on Behalf of Asian Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Group
Chi-kong Li, Purna Kurkure, Ramandeep Singh Arora, Bow Wen Chen, Kirill Kirgizov, Yasuhiro Okamoto, Panya Seksarn, Yongmin Tang, Keon Hee Yoo, Bharat Agarwal, Godfrey C.F. Chan, Rashmi Dalvi, Hiroki Hori, Muhammad Saghir Khan, Alice Yu, Akira Nakagawara
JCO Global Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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6 Crossref

Sustaining Blood Lymphocyte Count during Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy as a Predictive Marker for Pathologic Complete Response in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Jaesung Heo, Mison Chun, O Kyu Noh, Young-Taek Oh, Kwang Wook Suh, Jun Eun Park, Oyeon Cho; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(1):232-239. Published online March 13, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.351

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the circulating lymphocyte level during preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and pathologic complete response (pCR) in locally advanced rectal cancer.
Materials and Methods
From May 2010 to May 2013, 52 patients treated with preoperative CRT followed by surgery, were analysed. Patients received conventional fractionated radiotherapy (50-54 Gy) with fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. Surgical resection was performed at 4 to 8 weeks after the completion of preoperative CRT. Absolute blood lymphocyte counts and their relative percentage in total white blood cell counts were obtained from complete blood count tests performed prior to and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of CRT. We analysed the association between achieving pCR and change in blood lymphocyte level during CRT, as well as clinical parameters.
Results
Among 52 patients, 14 (26.9%) had evidence of pCR. Sustaining the blood lymphocyte count during CRT (lymphocyte count at 4 weeks/baseline lymphocyte count > 0.35; odds ratio, 8.33; p=0.02) and initial carcinoembryonic antigen < 4.4 ng/mL (odds ratio, 6.71; p=0.03) were significantly associated with pCR in multivariate analyses.
Conclusion
Sustaining blood lymphocyte count during preoperative CRT was predictive for pCR in rectal cancer. Further studies are warranted to investigate the association between pathologic responses and circulating lymphocyte count with its subpopulation during preoperative CRT.

Citations

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Cells.2023; 12(3): 413. CrossRef
Can lymphocytes serve as a predictor of response to preoperative chemoradiation therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer?
Myroslav Lutsyk, Tarek Taha, Salem Billan
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Shuang Li, Weiping Yao, Ruiqi Liu, Yanwei Lu, Haibo Zhang, Xiaodong Liang
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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