Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Tracing Metastatic Evolutionary Patterns in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Prognostic Dissection Based on a Multi-state Model: Geewon Lee, Yang-Jin Kim, Insuk Sohn, Jong Hoon Kim, Ho Yun Lee; Received July 25, 2024 Accepted January 22, 2025 Published online January 24, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.700 [Accepted]

Abstract PDF: Purpose
After surgery for lung adenocarcinoma, a patient may experience various states of recurrence, with multiple factors potentially influencing the transitions between these states. Our purpose was to investigate the effects of clinical and pathological factors on tumor recurrence, death, and prognosis across various metastasizing pathways.
Materials and Methods
Our study group included 335 patients with all demographic and pathologic data available who underwent surgical resection for lung adenocarcinoma for more than 10 years. The following states of disease were defined: initial state, operation (OP); three intermediate states of local recurrence (LR), metastasis (Meta), and concurrent LR with metastasis (LR+Meta); and a terminal state, death. We identified 8 transitions representing various pathways of tumor progression. We employed a multi-state model (MSM) to separate the impacts of multiple prognostic factors on the transitions following surgery.
Results
After surgery, approximately half of patients experienced recurrence. Specifically, 142 (42.4%), 54 (16.1%), and 7 (2.1%) patients developed Meta, LR+Meta, and LR, respectively. Clinical and pathological factors associated with the transitions were different. Impact of pathological lymph node remained a risk factor for both OP to Meta (λ₀₂, p-value=0.001) and OP to LR+Meta (λ₀₃, p-value = 0.001).
Conclusion
Lung adenocarcinoma displays a broad spectrum of clinical scenarios even after curative surgery. Incidence, risk factors, and prognosis varied across different pathways of recurrence in lung adenocarcinoma patients. The greatest implication of this MSM is its ability to predict the timing and type of clinical intervention that will have the greatest impact on survival.

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Gastrointestinal cancer

Role of Esophagectomy after Chemoradiation Therapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Comparative Analysis Stratified by Clinical Response to Chemoradiation Therapy: Jesang Yu, Jong Hoon Kim, Sung-Bae Kim, Sook Ryun Park, Young-Hee Kim, Hyeong Ryul Kim, Hyun Joo Lee, Ho June Song, Kye Jin Song, Jeong Yun Jang, Yoon Young Jo, Ye Jin Yoo; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(4):1148-1156. Published online December 20, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.885

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Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effect of esophagectomy in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by comparing the chemoradiotherapy (CRT)-only group and the trimodality treatment (TMT) group who received concurrent CRT followed by surgery.
Materials and Methods
We included 412 operable ESCC patients treated with TMT or CRT between January 2005 and December 2015. The oncological outcomes of the two groups were compared using a weighted Cox proportional-hazards model with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).
Results
The median survival time was 64 and 32 months in the TMT (n=270) and CRT (n=142) groups, respectively (p < 0.001). After IPTW, the median overall survival (OS) remained significantly higher in the TMT group than in the CRT group (61 months vs. 32 months, p=0.016). Moreover, the TMT group showed a better local recurrence-free rate (LRFR, p < 0.001) and distant metastasis-free rate (p=0.007). In the subgroup of patients with clinical complete response (cCR), the OS was not significantly different between the two groups, both before and after IPTW adjustment (p=0.35 and p=0.93). However, among non-cCR patients, the OS was significantly higher in the TMT group (64% vs. 45%, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
In patients with locally advanced ESCC, TMT was superior to CRT in terms of OS and LRFR. Such difference was more prominent in the non-cCR subgroup. In patients who achieved cCR, esophagectomy was effective in improving LRFR but not OS, suggesting that esophagectomy may be omitted in complete responders.

Citations

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Diagnosing Complete Response to Preoperative Chemoradiation in Esophageal Cancer Using Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI Response Criteria
Yura Ahn, Jooae Choe, Hyun Joo Lee, Sook Ryun Park, Jong-Hoon Kim, Ho June Song, Min-Ju Kim, Yong-Hee Kim
Korean Journal of Radiology.2025; 26(3): 269. CrossRef
Comparison of esophageal cancer survival after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery versus definitive chemoradiotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Junli Ke, Yujie Xie, Shenyang Huang, Wei Wang, Zhengang Zhao, Wanli Lin
Asian Journal of Surgery.2024; 47(9): 3827. CrossRef
Multi-disciplinary management of esophageal carcinoma: Current practices and future directions
Chanyoot Bandidwattanawong
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2024; 197: 104315. CrossRef
Practice pattern and risk of not receiving planned surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Tae Hee Hong, Tae Ho Kim, Genehee Lee, Jeonghee Yun, Yeong Jeong Jeon, Junghee Lee, Sumin Shin, Seong Yong Park, Jong Ho Cho, Yong Soo Choi, Young Mog Shim, Jong-Mu Sun, Dongryul Oh, Hong Kwan Kim
European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Induction Therapy of Tislelizumab Combined with Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil and Subsequent Conversion Surgery in Patients with Unresectable Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Phase 2, Single Center Study
Tongpeng Xu, Jianan Bai, Kun Zhao, Xiaofeng Chen, Shuhui Wang, Shusheng Zhu, Chongqi Sun, Chenhui Zhao, Ting Wang, Ling Zhu, Meizhen Hu, Fei Pang, Junling Zhang, Wei Wang, Yongqian Shu, Fang Li, Yue Zhou
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2024; 31(13): 9321. CrossRef
Unveiling Therapeutic Targets for Esophageal Cancer: A Comprehensive Review
Rakesh Acharya, Ananya Mahapatra, Henu Kumar Verma, L. V. K. S. Bhaskar
Current Oncology.2023; 30(11): 9542. CrossRef
Nomogram for predicting pathologic complete response following preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Young Seob Shin, Jeong Yun Jang, Ye Jin Yoo, Jesang Yu, Kye Jin Song, Yoon Young Jo, Sung-Bae Kim, Sook Ryun Park, Ho June Song, Yong-Hee Kim, Hyeong Ryul Kim, Jong Hoon Kim
Gastroenterology Report.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Radiofrequency Ablation versus Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases: Jesang Yu, Dong Hwan Kim, Jungbok Lee, Yong Moon Shin, Jong Hoon Kim, Sang Min Yoon, Jinhong Jung, Jin Cheon Kim, Chang Sik Yu, Seok-Byung Lim, In Ja Park, Tae Won Kim, Yong Sang Hong, Sun Young Kim, Jeong Eun Kim, Jin-hong Park, So Yeon Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):850-859. Published online October 13, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.674

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Purpose
This study aimed to compare the treatment outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) and to determine the favorable treatment modality according to tumor characteristics.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the records of 222 colorectal cancer patients with 330 CRLM who underwent RFA (268 tumors in 178 patients) or SBRT (62 tumors in 44 patients) between 2007 and 2014. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox models were used by adjusting with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).
Results
The median follow-up duration was 30.5 months. The median tumor size was significantly smaller in the RFA group than in the SBRT group (1.5 cm vs 2.3 cm, p<0.001). In IPTW-adjusted analysis, difference in treatment modality was not associated with significant differences in 1-year and 3-year recurrence-free survival (35% vs 43%, 22% vs 23%; p=0.198), overall survival (96% vs 91%, 58% vs 56%; p=0.508), and freedom from local progression (FFLP; 90% vs 72%, 78% vs 60%; p=0.106). Significant interaction effect between the treatment modality and tumor size was observed for FFLP (p=0.001). In IPTW-adjusted subgroup analysis of patients with tumor size >2 cm, the SBRT group had a higher FFLP compared with the RFA group (HR, 0.153; p<0.001).
Conclusion
SBRT and RFA showed similar local control in the treatment of patients with CRLM. Tumor size was an independent prognostic factor for local control and SBRT may be preferred for larger tumors.

Citations

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Ablative techniques in colorectal liver metastases: A systematic review, descriptive summary of practice, and recommendations for optimal data reporting
Wee Han Ng, Catarina Machado, Alice Rooney, Robert Jones, Jonathan Rees, Samir Pathak
European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2025; 51(2): 109487. CrossRef
Effects of maximum dose on local control after stereotactic body radiotherapy for oligometastatic tumors of colorectal cancer
Su Jin Kang, Jongmoo Park, Gyu-Seog Choi, Jong Gwang Kim, Jun Seok Park, Hye Jin Kim, Jin Ho Baek, Byung Woog Kang, An Na Seo, Shin-Hyung Park, Bong Kyung Bae, Min Kyu Kang, Soo Yeun Park, Devarati Mitra
PLOS ONE.2025; 20(1): e0313438. CrossRef
Treatment of Oligometastatic GI Cancers
Clayton T. Marcinak, Patrick B. Schwartz, Mustafa M. Basree, Newton Hurst, Michael Bassetti, Jeremy D. Kratz, Nataliya V. Uboha
American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Stereotactic radiotherapy for liver oligometastases: a pooled analysis following the estro/eortc consensus recommendations
D. Pezzulla, G. Chiloiro, E. M. Lima, G. Macchia, C. Romano, S. Reina, G. Panza, S. Cilla, A. G. Morganti, F. Cellini, M. A. Gambacorta, F. Deodato
Clinical & Experimental Metastasis.2024; 41(5): 667. CrossRef
Interventionelle Therapieoptionen bei oligometastasierten Tumoren
Max Seidensticker
Forum.2024; 39(5): 340. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of B-ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of primary liver cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Xiong Zhang, Hong-Yi Zhu, Ming Yuan
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2024; 16(9): 2986. CrossRef
Analysis of alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyltransferase after radiofrequency ablation of primary liver cancer: A retrospective study
Wen-Yu Huang, Sheng Zheng, Dan Zhu, Ying-Lang Zeng, Juan Yang, Xue-Li Zeng, Pei Liu, Shun-Ling Zhang, Ming Yuan, Zhi-Xia Wang
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2024; 16(9): 2860. CrossRef
Evidence-based clinical recommendations for hypofractionated radiotherapy: exploring efficacy and safety - Part 4: Liver and locally recurrent rectal cancer
Hwa Kyung Byun, Gyu Sang Yoo, Soo-Yoon Sung, Jin-Ho Song, Byoung Hyuck Kim, Yoo-Kang Kwak, Yeon Joo Kim, Yeon-Sil Kim, Kyung Su Kim
Radiation Oncology Journal.2024; 42(4): 247. CrossRef
Recent trends in radiotherapy use for major cancers in Korea
Kyungmi Yang, Jeong Eun Lee, Won Park, Yong Chan Ahn, Seung Jae Huh
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology.2023; 53(12): 1177. CrossRef
Combination of endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation and adaptive radiation therapy for the treatment of lymph node metastases from colon adenocarcinoma: A case report
Federica Borrelli de Andreis, Maria Alessandra Calegari, Angela Romano, Maria Gabriella Brizi, Luigi Sofo, Ivo Boskoski, Guido Costamagna, Fabia Attili
Current Problems in Cancer: Case Reports.2023; 9: 100216. CrossRef
Comparison of radiofrequency ablation and ablative external radiotherapy for the treatment of intrahepatic malignancies: A hybrid meta-analysis
Chai Hong Rim, Jung Sue Lee, Soo Yeon Kim, Jinsil Seong
JHEP Reports.2023; 5(1): 100594. CrossRef
Metastasis-Directed Local Therapy of Hepatic Oligometastasis from Colorectal Cancer and Future Perspective in Radiation Therapy
Gyu Sang Yoo, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Jae-Uk Jeong, Eui Kyu Chie, Hyeon-Min Cho, Jun Won Um, Yong Chan Ahn, Jong Hoon Lee
Cancer Research and Treatment.2023; 55(3): 707. CrossRef
Local Control Following Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Liver Oligometastases: Lessons from a Quarter Century
Sara Mheid, Stefan Allen, Sylvia S. W. Ng, William A. Hall, Nina N. Sanford, Todd A. Aguilera, Ahmed M. Elamir, Rana Bahij, Martijn P. W. Intven, Ganesh Radhakrishna, Issa Mohamad, Jeremy De Leon, Hendrick Tan, Shirley Lewis, Cihan Gani, Teo Stanecu, Vero
Current Oncology.2023; 30(10): 9230. CrossRef
Evidence on percutaneous radiofrequency and microwave ablation for liver metastases over the last decade
Koji Tomita, Yusuke Matsui, Mayu Uka, Noriyuki Umakoshi, Takahiro Kawabata, Kazuaki Munetomo, Shoma Nagata, Toshihiro Iguchi, Takao Hiraki
Japanese Journal of Radiology.2022; 40(10): 1035. CrossRef

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Real-World Efficacy Data and Predictive Clinical Parameters for Treatment Outcomes in Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Jwa Hoon Kim, Bokyung Ahn, Seung-Mo Hong, Hwoon-Yong Jung, Do Hoon Kim, Kee Don Choi, Ji Yong Ahn, Jeong Hoon Lee, Hee Kyoung Na, Jong Hoon Kim, Yong-Hee Kim, Hyeong Ryul Kim, Hyun Joo Lee, Sung-Bae Kim, Sook Ryun Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(2):505-516. Published online June 23, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.1198

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the real-world efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and to identify clinicolaboratory factors to predict treatment outcomes in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) receiving ICIs.
Materials and Methods
Sixty patients with metastatic or unresectable ESCC treated with nivolumab (n=48) or pembrolizumab (n=12) as ≥ second-line treatment between 2016 and 2019 at Asan Medical Center were included.
Results
The median age of the patients was 68 years (range, 52 to 76 years), and 93.3% were male. Most patients had metastatic disease (81.7%) and had been previously treated with fluoropyrimidines, platinum, and taxane. In 53 patients with measurable disease, the overall response rate and disease control rate were 15.1% and 35.8%, respectively. With a median follow-up duration of 16.0 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 1.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54 to 2.19) and 6.4 months (95% CI, 4.77 to 8.11), respectively. After multivariate analysis, recent use of antibiotics, low prognostic nutrition index (< 35.93), high Glasgow Prognosis Score (≥ 1) at baseline, and ≥ 1.4-fold increase in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio after one cycle from baseline were significantly unfavorable factors for both PFS and OS. Younger age (< 65 years) was a significant factor for unfavorable PFS and hyponatremia (< 135 mmol/L) for unfavorable OS.
Conclusion
The use of ICIs after the failure of chemotherapy showed comparable efficacy in patients with advanced ESCC in real practice; this may be associated with host immune-nutritional status, which could be predicted by clinical and routine laboratory factors.

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Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
進行食道癌に対する化学療法，化学放射線療法における栄養管理
豊木村
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Prognostic and predictive impact of neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and HLA‐I genotyping in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy
Lin Wang, Yanrong Zhu, Bo Zhang, Xi Wang, Hongnan Mo, Yuchen Jiao, Jiachen Xu, Jing Huang
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Multicenter Validation Study of a Prognostic Index for Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Jeong Il Yu, Sang Min Yoon, Hee Chul Park, Jong Hoon Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Joong-Won Park, Jinsil Seong, Ik Jae Lee, Hong Seok Jang, Chul Seung Kay, Chul Yong Kim, Eui Kyu Chie, Jin Hee Kim, Mi-Sook Kim, Young Min Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2014;46(4):348-357. Published online July 16, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.142

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
We previously reported on a staging system and prognostic index (PITH) for portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) at a single institution. The aim of this study is to validate the PITH staging system using data from patients at other institutions and to compare it with other published staging systems. Materials and Methods A total of 994 HCC patients with PVTT who were treated with RT between 1998 and 2011 by the Korean Radiation Oncology Group were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were staged using the Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP), Japanese Integrated Staging (JIS), Okuda, and PITH staging systems, and survival data were analyzed. The likelihood ratio, Akaike information criteria (AIC), time-dependent receiver operating characteristics, and prediction error curve analysis were used to determine discriminatory ability for comparison of staging systems. Results The median survival was 9.2 months. Compared with the other staging systems, the PITH score gave the highest values for likelihood ratio and lowest AIC values, demonstrating that PITH may be a better prognostic model. Although the values were not significant and differences were not exceptional, the PITH score showed slightly better performance with respect to time-dependent area under curve and integrated Brier score of prediction error curve. Conclusion The PITH staging system was validated in this multicenter retrospective study and showed better stratification ability in HCC patients with PVTT than other systems.

Citations

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Efficacy and safety of radiotherapy combined with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in treating hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumour thrombus: a study protocol
Kang Wang, Hong-Ming Yu, Yan-Jun Xiang, Yu-Qiang Cheng, Qian-Zhi Ni, Wei-Xing Guo, Jie Shi, Shuang Feng, Jian Zhai, Shu-Qun Cheng
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Optimal Timing for the Administration of Capecitabine with Preoperative Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Young Ju Noh, Won Sik Choi, Jong Hoon Kim, Jin Cheon Kim, Chang Sik Yu, Hee Cheol Kim, Tae Won Kim, Heung Moon Chang, Min Hee Ryu, Seung Do Ahn, Sang-wook Lee, Seong Soo Shin, Jung Eun Lee, Eun Kyung Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2006;38(1):30-34. Published online February 28, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2006.38.1.30

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

Capecitabine is an oral fluoropyrimidine carbamate and it is known as an effective radiosensitizer. Capecitabine and its metabolite reach their peak concentration in the plasma at 1~2 hours after a single oral administration of capecitabine and the levels fall rapidly thereafter. To verify the radiosensitizing effect of capecitabine that is based on such pharmacokinetic characteristics, we performed a retrospective analysis on the optimal timing of capecitabine administration with performing preoperative chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Materials and Methods

Among 171 patients who were treated with preoperative radiotherapy and concurrent capecitabine administration for rectal cancer, 56 patients were administered capecitabine at 1~2 hours before radiotherapy (group A), and at other time in the other 115 patients (group B). Total mesorectal excision was done at 4 to 6 weeks after the completion of chemoradiation. The radiosensitizing effect of capecitabine was evaluated on the basis of the pathological response.

Results

Complete pathological regression of the primary tumor was observed in 12 patients (21.4%) for group A and in 11 patients (9.6%) for group B (p=0.031). Residual disease less than 0.5 cm (a good response) was observed in 19 patients (33.9%) for group A and in 23 patients (20.0%) for group B (p=0.038). On multivariate analysis, the capecitabine ingestion time showed marginal significance.

Conclusion

When performing preoperative chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer, the radiosensitizing effect of capecitabine was enhanced when it was administered 1 hour before radiotherapy.

Citations

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Systematic review of treatment intensification using novel agents for chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer
R Clifford, N Govindarajah, J L Parsons, S Gollins, N P West, D Vimalachandran
British Journal of Surgery.2018; 105(12): 1553. CrossRef

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A Preliminary Results of a Randomized Trial Comparing Monthly 5-flourouracil and Cisplatin to Weekly Cisplatin Alone Combined with Concurrent Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: Young Seok Kim, Seong Soo Shin, Eun Kyung Choi, Jong Hoon Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Sang-wook Lee, Heon-Jin Park, Young-Tak Kim, Jung-Eun Mok, Joo-Hyun Nam; Cancer Res Treat. 2005;37(1):37-43. Published online February 28, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2005.37.1.37

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

To determine the superior chemotherapeutic regimen between monthly 5-FU plus cisplatin (FP) and weekly cisplatin alone in concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer, the compliance of treatment, response, survival and toxicities were analyzed between the two arms.

Materials and Methods

Between March 1998 and December 2001, 61 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (stage IIB through IVA) and negative para-aortic lymph nodes were randomly assigned to either 'monthly FP' (arm I, n=34) or 'weekly cisplatin' (arm II, n=27) with concurrent radiotherapy. The patients of arm I received FP (5-FU 1,000 mg/m²/day + cisplatin 20 mg/m²/day, for 5 days, for 3 cycles at 4 week intervals) and those of arm II received cisplatin (30 mg/m²/day, for 6 cycles at 1 week intervals) with concurrent radiotherapy. The radiotherapy consisted of 41.4~50.4 Gy external beam irradiation in 23~28 fractions to the whole pelvis, with high dose rate brachytherapy delivering a dose of 30~35 Gy in 6~7 fractions to point A. During the brachytherapy, a parametrial boost was delivered. The median follow-up period for survivors was 44 months.

Results

The compliance of treatment in monthly FP weekly cisplatin arms were 62 and 81%, respectively. The complete response rates at 3 months were 96 and 88% in arms I and II, respectively. The 4-year overall survival and disease free survival rates were 64 and 54% in the arm I and 77 and 66% in the arm II, respectively. The incidence of hematologic toxicity more than grade 2 was 29% in the arm I and 15% in the arm II. Only one patient in arm I experienced grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicity. No severe genitourinary toxicity was observed.

Conclusion

No significant difference was observed in the compliance, responses, survival rates and acute toxicities between the two treatment arms. More patients and further follow up will be required.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

American Brachytherapy Task Group Report: A pooled analysis of clinical outcomes for high-dose-rate brachytherapy for cervical cancer
Jyoti Mayadev, Akila Viswanathan, Yu Liu, Chin-Shang Li, Kevin Albuquerque, Antonio L. Damato, Sushil Beriwal, Beth Erickson
Brachytherapy.2017; 16(1): 22. CrossRef
Concurrent Weekly Cisplatin Versus Triweekly Cisplatin with Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Cervical Cancer: A Meta-analysis Result
Yan Hu, Zhi-Qiang Cai, Xiao-Yan Su
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2012; 13(9): 4301. CrossRef
Laparoscopy-Assisted Intracavitary Radiotherapy Tandem Placement for Patients With Cervical Cancer
Myong Cheol Lim, Dae Chul Jung, Joo-Young Kim, Sang-Yoon Park
International Journal of Gynecological Cancer.2009; 19(6): 1125. CrossRef
Adoptive Transfer of Human Papillomavirus E7-specific CTL Enhances Tumor Chemoresponse Through the Perforin/Granzyme-mediated Pathway
Jeong-Im Sin, Jung-Min Kim, Sung Hwa Bae, In Hee Lee, Jong Sup Park, Hun Mo Ryoo
Molecular Therapy.2009; 17(5): 906. CrossRef

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Responsiveness of CPT-11 in Respect to hMLH1 and hMSH2 Protein Expression in the Primary Colorectal Cancer: In Ja Park, Hee Cheol Kim, Chang Sik Yu, Heung Moon Chang, Jea Hwan Lee, Jong Hoon Kim, Tae Won Kim, Jung Sun Kim, Jin Cheon Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2004;36(6):360-366. Published online December 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2004.36.6.360

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the responsiveness to CPT-11 with respect to hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein expressions in primary colorectal tumors.
Materials and Methods
91 patients with colorectal cancer treated having undergone surgery and postoperative CPT-11-based adjuvant chemotherapy, between 1997 and 2002, were prospectively recruited. Tumor samples were immunohistochemically analyzed for the expressions of hMLH1, hMSH2, p53 and CEA proteins.
Results
Of the 91 tumors, 6 (6.6%) and 4 (4.4%) showed loss of hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein expressions, respectively. The response rate of patients with tumors not expressing either hMLH1 or hMSH2 was higher than that of those expressing either of these proteins (p=0.026). Patients with tumors not expressing hMLH1 showed a significantly better response to CPT-11 (p=0.04). The responsiveness was not associated with the expressions of hMSH2, p53 or CEA. There were no correlations between drug toxicity and the expressions of hMLH1, hMSH2 or p53. The overall survival was better in patients responsive to CPT-11-based chemotherapy compared to non-responders.
Conclusion
The immunohistochemical determination of loss of hMLH1 and hMSH2 expressions may be used in determining the responsiveness to CPT-11-based chemotherapy. Our results suggest that hMLH1 protein expression may be a predictor for CPT-11 responsiveness in patients with colorectal cancer.

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Prospective Phase II Study of Preoperative Chemoradiation with Capecitabine in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Jin-hong Park, Jong Hoon Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Sang-wook Lee, Seong Soo Shin, Jin Cheon Kim, Chang Sik Yu, Hee Cheol Kim, Yoon-Koo Kang, Tae Won Kim, Heung Moon Chang, Min Hee Ryu, Eun Kyung Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2004;36(6):354-359. Published online December 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2004.36.6.354

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

Capecitabine is an attractive oral chemotherapeutic agent that has a radiosensitizing effect and tumor-selectivity. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of preoperative chemoradiation therapy, when used with oral capecitabine, for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Materials and Methods

A prospective phase II trial of preoperative chemoradiation for locally advanced adenocarcinomas of the lower two-thirds of the rectum was conducted. A radiation dose of 50 Gy over five weeks and a daily dose of 1650 mg/m² capecitabine in two potions was administered during the entire course of radiation therapy. Surgery was performed with standardized total mesorectal excision four to six weeks after completion of the chemoradiation.

Results

Between January 2002 and September 2003, 61 patients were enrolled onto this prospective phase II trial. The pretreatment clinical stages were T3 in 64% (n=39), T4 in 36% (n=22) and N1-2 in 82% (n=50) of these patients. Fifty-six (92%) patients completed the chemoradiation as initially planned and a complete resection performed in 58 (95%). Down-staging was observed in 45 patients (74%) and a pathologic complete response in 6 (10%). Among the 37 patients with tumors located within 5 cm from the anal verge on colonoscopy, 27 (73%) underwent a sphincter-preserving procedure. No grade 3 and 4 proctitis or hematological toxicities were observed.

Conclusion

Preoperative chemoradiation therapy with capecitabine achieved encouraging rates of tumor downstaging and sphincter preservation, with a low toxicity profile. This combined modality can be regarded as a safe and effective treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer.

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MRI for Rectal Cancer: Staging, mrCRM, EMVI, Lymph Node Staging and Post-Treatment Response
David D.B. Bates, Maria El Homsi, Kevin J. Chang, Neeraj Lalwani, Natally Horvat, Shannon P. Sheedy
Clinical Colorectal Cancer.2022; 21(1): 10. CrossRef
MRI of Rectal Cancer: An Overview and Update on Recent Advances
Kartik S. Jhaveri, Hooman Hosseini-Nik
American Journal of Roentgenology.2015; 205(1): W42. CrossRef
Current Controversies in Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation of Rectal Cancer
P. Terry Phang, Xiaodong Wang
Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America.2014; 23(1): 79. CrossRef
Tailored rectal cancer treatment – a time for implementing contemporary prognostic factors?
A. Wibe, W. L. Law, V. Fazio, C. P. Delaney
Colorectal Disease.2013; 15(11): 1333. CrossRef
Oncologic Outcome After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Pathologic T0 (ypT0) Rectal Cancer
Tae Young Jang, Chang Sik Yu, Yong Sik Yoon, Seok-Byung Lim, Seung-Mo Hong, Tae Won Kim, Jong Hoon Kim, Jin Cheon Kim
Diseases of the Colon & Rectum.2012; 55(10): 1024. CrossRef
Phase II study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine and cisplatin in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
J G Kim, S K Sohn, D H Kim, J H Baek, S B Jeon, Y S Chae, K B Lee, J S Park, J H Sohn, J C Kim, I K Park
British Journal of Cancer.2005; 93(10): 1117. CrossRef
Preoperative Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy with Oral Fluoropyrimidine in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: How Good Is Good Enough?
Hyun Cheol Chung
Cancer Research and Treatment.2004; 36(6): 341. CrossRef

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Radioresponse of Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Treatment of Lymph Node Metastasis: Sang Min Yoon, Jong Hoon Kim, Eun Kyung Choi, Seung Do Ahn, Sang-wook Lee, Byong Yong Yi, Young Wha Chung, Young Sang Lee, Dong Jin Seo; Cancer Res Treat. 2004;36(1):79-84. Published online February 29, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2004.36.1.79

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

To analyze the radioresponse of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), using accurate measurements of the tumor size in extrahepatic lymph node metastasis, and to obtain information for the future treatment of primary intrahepatic lesions.

Materials and Methods

Fifty-one extrahepatic lymph node metastases from primary HCCs, which could be treated by external radiotherapy alone, were included in this study. The radiation dose ranged from 30 to 51 Gy with fraction sizes of 2.0~3.0 Gy. Responses were determined by measuring the areas on CT scans 0, 1 and 3 months after the completion of radiotherapy. The median follow-up period of the surviving patients was 10 months.

Results

The overall response rate was 76%, and the important factors were; total dose of radiation, time dose fractionation (TDF) value and the biologically effective dose (BED). A dose of 45 Gy or higher showed an objective response rate of 93%, and if the TDF value was higher than 90, a similar result was observed. In about half (47%) of the patients the maximum response was observed at 3 months or later. The response duration was observable in 14 patients surviving 12 months or longer. Regrowth of irradiated lesions were observed in 4 (66.7%) patients among those who received less than 45 Gy, and in 4 (50%) among those who were treated with 45 Gy or more. There was a statistically significant difference in the survivals between the responders and non-responders (p=0.008). Gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration was observed in 8 patients, including 3 with NCI common toxicity criteria grade III or higher.

Conclusion

Radiotherapy was an effective palliative modality for extrahepatic metastasis in HCCs. A radiation dose of 45 Gy or higher (or a TDF value ≥90), was required for a major response.

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Yuting Wang, Qiaoqiao Li, Li Zhang, Shiliang Liu, Jinhan Zhu, Yadi Yang, Mengzhong Liu, Yaojun Zhang, Mian Xi
The Oncologist.2023; 28(6): e369. CrossRef
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Jiali Chen, Kun He, Yunwei Han, Lu Guo, Ke Su, Zhenying Wu
Annals of Hepatology.2022; 27(4): 100710. CrossRef
2022 KLCA-NCC Korea practice guidelines for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Yoshiyuki Wada, Yuko Takami, Hajime Matsushima, Masaki Tateishi, Tomoki Ryu, Munehiro Yoshitomi, Taisei Matsumura, Hideki Saitsu
Internal Medicine.2018; 57(10): 1345. CrossRef
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Tao Pan, Qian-Kun Xie, Ning Lv, Xi-Shan Li, Lu-Wen Mu, Pei-Hong Wu, Ming Zhao
Radiology.2017; 282(1): 259. CrossRef
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Youngkyong Kim, Hee Chul Park, Sang Min Yoon, Tae Hyun Kim, Jieun Lee, Jinhyun Choi, Jeong Il Yu, Jin-Hong Park, Jong Hoon Kim, Joong-Won Park, Jinsil Seong
Oncotarget.2017; 8(55): 94450. CrossRef
Prognostic stratification and nomogram for survival prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with radiotherapy for lymph node metastasis
Chan Woo Wee, Kyubo Kim, Eui Kyu Chie, Su Jong Yu, Yoon Jun Kim, Jung Hwan Yoon
The British Journal of Radiology.2016; 89(1065): 20160383. CrossRef
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Chai Hong Rim, Jinsil Seong
Radiation Oncology Journal.2016; 34(3): 160. CrossRef
Radiotherapy for Adrenal Metastasis from Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Study (KROG 13-05)
Jinhong Jung, Sang Min Yoon, Hee Chul Park, Taek-Keun Nam, Jinsil Seong, Eui Kyu Chie, Tae Hyun Kim, Mi-Sook Kim, Chul Yong Kim, Hong Seok Jang, Jong Hoon Kim, Pei-Yi Chu
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Lin Xu, Feng Xue, Boqing Wang, Dong Yan, Wei Ding, Jiwei Yin, Chao Yi, Wei Wang
Oncology Letters.2016; 12(2): 918. CrossRef
2014 Korean Liver Cancer Study Group-National Cancer Center Korea Practice Guideline for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Patterns of Failure and Prognostic Factors in Anal Cancer Treated with Radiotherapy: Kyoung Ju Kim, Jong Hoon Kim, Eun Kyung Choi, Seung Do Ahn, Sang Wook Lee, Jin Cheon Kim, Chang Sik Yu, Hee Cheol Kim, Je Hwan Lee, Tae Won Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35(2):141-147. Published online April 30, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2003.35.2.141

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To analyze the patterns of failure and prognostic factors affecting the local control and survivals in anal cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy, and to find the most effective treatment modality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty consecutive patients, with primary cancers of the anal canal, were treated using radiotherapy, both with and without 5-FU based concurrent chemotherapy. According to the AJCC tumor stage, six patients hadwere stage I, 11 had stage II, 2 had stage IIIA, and 11 had stage IIIB tumors. The median radiation dose was 45 Gy (30-72 Gy), and with 23 patients receivinged concurrent chemotherapy (5-FU and mitomycin C in 12 patients, 5-FU and cisplatin in 7, and other drugs in 4). The Mmedian follow up period was 43 months, (ranginge, from 8- to 99 months). RESULTS: Among the 1630 patients who16 were treated without surgical resection beforeprior to the radiotherapy, and a complete remission was observed in 12 patients (75%), a partial remission in 3 (19%), and a local progression in the other one patient. The Llocal failures, including persistent disease, were observed in 10 (33%), and the patients with higher T-stages (T3-4) had higher rates of local failure rates (T1-2, 21% vs. T3-4, 72%, p=0.03). Distant metastases were found in 4 patients (13%). The five year survival and disease free survival rates were 64% and 53%, respectively. The factors which affectinged the 5 year local relapse free survival were T-stage (74.9% in T1-2 vs. 28.6% in T3-4, p=0.01), and the existence of a gross tumor beforeprior to radiotherapy (84.6%, no residual vs. 45.1% with residual, p=0.03).
CONCLUSION
A Llocal recurrence was the major failure pattern in anal cancers, and the factors affecting a local failure were the T-stage and tumor volume beforeprior to radiotherapy. A Rradiation dose around 45 Gy was sufficient to control tumors of the earlier T stage tumors, but a higher dose should be considered for with more advanced lesions.

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Ependymoma: a Retrospective Analysis of 25 Cases: Young Seok Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Eun Kyung Choi, Jong Hoon Kim, Sang Wook Lee, Young Ju Noh, Chang Jin Kim, Jeong Hoon Kim, Byung Duk Kwun; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(6):450-456. Published online December 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.6.450

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
We evaluated the patterns of failure, survival rate, prognostic factors and treatment related complication in postoperative radiation treatment of patients with ependymoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed 25 patients with histologically confirmed ependymoma treated between Jun. 1990 and Jun. 2001 with postoperative radiotherapy at Asan Medical Center. The study group comprised of 16 men and 9 women, with a median age of 23 years; including 6 supratentorial, 15 infratentorial and 4 spinal cord lesions. The extents of resection were ranked as either: gross total, near total, subtotal, partial resection or biopsy, with these types of surgical resection being performed in 13, 3, 6, 1 and 2 patients, respectively. Twelve of the patients had low grade ependymoma, and the other 13 a high grade tumor. The postoperative irradiation was administered using 4 MV or 6 MV photons, up to median dose of 55.0 Gy (range, 45.0~59.4 Gy), with the radiation field encompassing the preoperative tumor volume plus a 2 cm margin. Only 8 of the patients received either pre- or postoperative chemotherapy. The median follow-up period of survivors was 43 months.
RESULTS
Ten of the 25 patients (40%) developed a recurrence, and 5 died. Of the 10 recurred patients, 6 showed an in-field recurrence, and one developed both an in-field and an out of field recurrence. The remaining 3 patients showed an out of field recurrence, including one case with a leptomeningeal recurrence. The 5-year overall survival, and progression-free, survival rates were 74.0 and 56.1%, respectively. The histological grades were statistically significant prognostic factors of the overall and progression-free survival rates. There were no significant treatment related complications, with the exception of one case of panhypopituitarism, which occurred 30 months after completion of the radiotherapy.
CONCLUSION
The main pattern of recurrence was due to local failure. In order to improve the local control, and to reduce complications, advanced radiation treatment techniques, such as 3 dimensional radiotherapy, may be needed.

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Clinical outcomes of radiotherapy for spinal cord ependymoma with adverse prognostic features: a single-center study
Hwa Kyung Byun, Seong Yi, Hong In Yoon, Se Hoon Kim, Jaeho Cho, Chang-Ok Suh
Journal of Neuro-Oncology.2018; 140(3): 649. CrossRef

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Preliminary Results of Paclitaxel, Cisplatin and Concurrent High-Dose Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Sang wook Lee, Eun Kyung Choi, Suk Joong Oh, Cheol Won Suh, Sang We Kim, Jung Shin Lee, Dong Soon Kim, Won Dong Kim, Woo Seong Kim, Sang Do Lee, Jong Hoon Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Kyoung Ju Kim, Young Ju Noh; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(5):345-351. Published online October 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.5.345

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To investigate the feasibility, toxicity and response rate, of concurrent chemoradiation therapy with paclitaxel/cisplatin in stage III locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between May 1999 and December 2000, 80 patients with stage III NSCLC were enrolled in a prospective protocol. Radiotherapy was given to a total dose of 70.2 Gy (daily fraction of 1.8 Gy for 5 days), over an 8 week period, on the gross tumor volume, combined with chemotherapy. The concurrent chemotherapy consisted of paclitaxel (40 mg/m2) and 20 mg/m2 cisplatin per week for 8 consecutive weeks. All patients received 3-D conformal radiotherapy using CT-simulated planning. Acute toxicities were evaluated by the RTOG scale. The median follow-up period was 16 months, ranging from 3 to 29 months.
RESULTS
Of the 80 patients, 71 received treatment per protocol, with minor variation of protocol delivery. The median age of the patients was 60 years. Karnofsky Performance status were 100 and 90 in 62 patients, and 80 and 70 in 9, respectively. Weight loss of less than 5% for 6 months was observed in 22 patients. The response to treatment was evaluated from the radiological findings. Complete and partial responses were observed in 8 and 51 patients, respectively. Ultimately, 82% of patients (included complete responses: 8 cases) obtained more than a partial response. Although, radiation induced esophagitis was the most common treatment related toxicity, occurring in 44 patients (69%), severe radiation esophagitis like, grade 3, was observed in only 3 patients, and the most acute toxicities had completely recovered 1 month following treatment. The overall 2-year actuarial and progression free survivals were 56 and 45%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
This combined modality has activity with manageable toxicity and 23 months in mean survival time in patients with stage III NSCLC. A longer follow up will be required to realise the expected higher survival of these results.

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A Phase II Study of Weekly Paclitaxel, Cisplatin and Concurrent Radiation Therapy for Locally-Advanced Unresectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Early Closure due to Lack of Efficacy
Se Hoon Park, Mi Kyung Kim, Sun Young Kyung, Young-Hee Lim, Chang Hyeok An, Jeong Woong Park, Seong Hwan Jeong, Jae Woong Lee, Kyu Chan Lee, Eun Kyung Cho, Soo Mee Bang, Dong Bok Shin, Jae Hoon Lee
Cancer Research and Treatment.2004; 36(5): 293. CrossRef

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Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix Preliminary Results of Phases III Prospective Randomized Trial: Young Seok Kim, Eun Kyung Choi, Jong Hoon Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Sang Wook Lee, Jong Hyeok Kim, Yong Man Kim, Young Tak Kim, Jung Eun Mok, Joo Hyun Nam; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(3):191-197. Published online June 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.3.191

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
A prospective, randomized phase III, clinical trial was performed to assess treatment related acute toxicity, early response and survival difference, between a monthly 5-FU cisplatin, and a weekly cisplatin group alone, for concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the locally advanced uterine cervical carcinoma patients. MATERIALS AND METGODS: Between March 1998 and March 2000, 35 patients, with locally advanced (FIGO stage IIB to IVA) cervical carcinoma, were studied, but 5 patients were excluded inform the analysis due to their refusal of treatment. The patients were randomly assigned to 'monthly 5-FU cisplatin' (arm I), or 'weekly cisplatin' (arm II), groups. The patients of arm I received 5-FU cisplatin (5-FU 1,000 mg/m2/day cisplatin 20 mg/m2/day, IV continuous infusion, for 5 days, 3 cycles with 4-week intervals) with radiation therapy. Those of arm II received only cisplatin (cisplatin 30 mg/m2/day, IV bolus, 6 cycles with 1-week intervals) with radiation therapy. The radiation therapy consisted of external beam irradiation of 41.4~50.4 Gy/23~28 fractions, and high dose rate intracavitary treatments, delivering a dose of 30~35 Gy to point A in 6~7 fractions. During intracavitary radiation, a parametrial boost was delivered for a point B dose of 60 Gy in the non-thickened side, and 65 Gy in the thickened side. Treatment related acute toxicities were assessed using Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) acute morbidity scoring criteria. The response to treatment, and survival, were analyzed. The median follow-up period was 19 months.
RESULTS
The FIGO stage distributions of arm I (n=16) and arm II (n=14) were as follows; IIB 10, IIIA 1, IIIB 4, IVA 1 in arm I, 12, 0, 1 and 1 in arm II respectively. The compliance of both arms were 80.0% and 93.3%, respectively (p=0.37). During radiation therapy, the incidences of leukopenia, greater than RTOG grade 2, were 25.0%, 14.3%, respectively. There were no patients with gastrointestinal or genitourinary toxicity greater than RTOG grade 2. The complete response rates at 3 months, following radiation therapy, were 87.5% and 92.9% respectively. Two-year disease free survival rates were 81.3%, 85.7%, respectively, for each arms.
CONCLUSION
There was no significant difference in response to treatment, or patterns of failure, between the monthly FP and weekly cisplatin arms. Although there were no statistically significant differences, the patients of the weekly cisplatin arm had better compliance. More patients, and a longer follow up, are needed for improved evaluation of the regimen.

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Conjunctival Lymphoma: Retrospective Analysis of the Treatment Result and Complications with Radiation Therapy: Kyoung Ju Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Eun Kyung Choi, Hyesook Chang, Jong Hoon Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(1):58-61. Published online February 28, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.1.58

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
In order to evaluate the response to radiation therapy and to analyze the patterns of failure, survival and complications, we performed a retrospective analysis of patients with conjunctival lymphoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From November 1991 to March 1999, 11 patients were diagnosed as conjunctival lymphoma at Asan Medical Center. Five patients had bilateral involvements, and a total of 16 eyes received radiation therapy. Using 6 to 9 MeV electrons or 4 MV photon beams, all patients were treated with a single anterior field to total doses ranging from 30 Gy to 45 Gy delivered in 10 to 25 fractions. The median follow up period was 57 Months.
RESULTS
All patients achieved a complete response with radiation therapy. Two of 16 eyes that were treated (12.5%) developed local recurrence after radiation therapy, however they were salvaged with 30 Gy of reirradiation. The five-year local control was 88.9%. One out of 11 patients (9.9%) developed lung metastasis and received chest irradiation. At the last follow up, one had died of pneumonia and 10 patients were alive without disease evidence. The five-year overall survival rate was 77.8% and 5-year disease free survival was 77.8%. Cataract and dry eye occurred in one patient (9.9%) respectively.
CONCLUSION
Radiation therapy is a very effective and safe treatment modality for conjunctival lymphoma. The local control rate of radiotherapy was excellent and complications were acceptable. Radiation therapy is also an effective treatment modality for recurrent conjunctival lymphoma. It generally requires more than three months to achieve complete response following radiation therapy, thus we recommend evaluating the response to radiation therapy at three months after completion of treatment.

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Radioresponse of Hepatdegrees Celluar Carcinoma Treatment of Lymph Node Metastasis: Jong Hoon Kim, Eun Kyung Choi, Young Wha Chung, Young Sang Lee, Dong Jin Seo; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(3):571-577.

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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The Prognostic Significance of the p53 Overexpession on Complete Response and Survival in Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy Treated Squamous Cell Esophageal Carcinoma: Sung Bae Kim, Sang Hee Kim, Hwoon Yong Jung, Hun Kyung Lee, Gyeong Hoon Kang, Jong Hoon Kim, Ho Young Song, Seung Il Park, Dong Kwan Kim, Hae Ryun Kim, Won Sun Hong, Je Hwan Lee, Sang We Kim, Cheol Won Sun, Kyoo Hyung Lee, Jung Shin Lee, Woo Kun Kim, Young Il Min; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(2):278-287.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To determine the frequency of p53 overexpression and to analyse the relationship between p53 overexpression and complete response rate, survival in locoregionl squamous cell esophageal cancers treated with preoperative chemoradiation multimodality approaches.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Using a microwave oven heating method, we have detected p53 overexpression by immunohistochemically with a monoclonal antibody(DO-7) in formalin- fixed paraffin-embedded samples of 42 patients with locoregional squamous cell esophageal cancer, who treated with concurrent chemotherapy and radiatian followed by surgery.
RESULTS
In 27 of 42 tumors(64.2%), nuclear immunoreactivity for the p53 protein was detected. Complete response rate, evaluated in surgical specimen 3-4 weeks after chemoradiation seemed to be high in p53 positive group compared to p53 negative group, however, there was no statistically significant difference in acquiring better complete response rate, overall survival and progression free survival between p53 positive and p53 negative group(p=0.0546, p=0.0599, p= 0.6832). Complete response group(n=17) survived longer than non-complete response group(n=25)(p=0.0010).
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that p53 is not a statistically significant prognostic factor in obtaining better complete response rate, overall survival and progression free survival of the patients with esophageal carcinoma treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Additional studies are warranted for further evaluation.

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Expression of ras oncogene product and detection of human papillomavirus using polymerase chain reaction in parafiin-embedded cervical carcinoma and their metastatic lymph node: Hyo Pyo Lee, Yong Sang Song, Jong Hoon Kim, Byung Ki Kim, Young Min Choi, Sung Hee Park, Soon Bum Kang; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1993;25(1):15-32.

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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Effect of blood flow on temperature distribution in microwave hyperthermia: Jong Hoon Kim, Sung Whan Ha; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1992;24(6):813-820.

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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A Prospective Randomized Study Comparing the Efficacy of Tropisetron Versus Metoclopramide / Dexamethasone / Diazepam (: Ki Bok Park, Dong Hoon Jeong, Jong Hoon Kim, Byoung Kee Kim, Sang Yoong Park, Eui Don Lee, Kyung Hee Lee; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1996;28(3):562-573.

Abstract PDF: Background
Chemotherapy-induced emesis is one of the most disturbing side effects in the cancer chemotherapy. Despite a number of significant advances over the past decade, prevention and treatment of chemotherapy induced emesis remain formidable problems, particularly with cisplatin based regimens. In the prior reports, tropisetron(Navoban, Sandoz Pharma. Ltd., Basel, Switzerland), a 5-HT3-receptor antagonist, was effective in the control of cisplatin induced emesis. In this study, we compared effectiveness of tropisetron (TRP) with metoclopramide/dexamethasone /diazepam(MDD) in the prevention of emetic episodes in patients receiving cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy. Methods: Sixty-three patients with cervical carcinoma receiving 60 mg/§³ of cisplatin (day 1) and 1000mg/§³ of 5-FU(day 1~5) were randomized to two arms(arm I: tropisetron; n=32, arm II: MDD; n=31). In TRP group, tropisetron(5 mg) was given intravenously(i.v.) l5 min before cisplatin on day 1, and per orally(p.o.). 30 min before breakfast from day 2 to 6. In MDD group, metoclopramide(l mg/kg/time, 2 times/day), dexamethasone(20mg) and diazepam(5 mg) were given intravenously before cisplatin infusion on day 1, and from day 2 to 6, metoclopramide(l0 mg) was given p.o, every 6 hours, and dexamethasone was given p.o . every 12 hours at a dose of 8mg on day 2~3 and at a dose of 4mg on day 4~6. Sixty patients were evaluable and 3 patients(arm I, 2 patients; arm II, 1 patient) were excluded from the analysis due to their refusal during study due to emesis. Results: In TRP group, during first 24 hours(acute emesis), 83.3%(25/30) of patients had fewer than three emetic episodes and 63.3%(19/30) had no emetic episodes. These results were similar to those of MDD group; 90.0%(27/30) and 63.3%(l9/30), respectively. But from that time to day 6, in TRP group, anly 53.3%(16/30) of patients had less than three emetic episodes and 20.0%(6/30) had no emetic episode. These were significantly less than those of MDD group; 86.7%(26/30) and 50.0%(15/30)(p<0.001). The mean nausea ratings per visual analogue scale between two groups on day 1 were similar; 49.0¡¾7.5(mean¡¾S.E.M) for TRP group and 43.3¡¾7.1 for MDD group. But from day 2 to day 5, the mean nausea ratings for MDD group were significantly less than those for TRP group(p<0.05). We could observe various side effects such as gastrointestinal symptoms and sedation in MDD group but no side effects except mild headache(10.0%) were observed in TRP group. Extrapyramidal symptom was not observed in both groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that TRP was as effective as MDD in controlling the acute emesis but less effective in controlling the delayed emesis induced by cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Although antiemetic effect of tropisetron was not more excellent than that of MDD regimens, it seems to be a clinically efficacious drug due to simplicity of administration and less side effects.

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