Jun Ho Yi, Jae Hoon Lee, Sung‑Hoon Jung, Ji Hyun Lee, Ji Yun Lee, Kihyun Kim, Sung‑Soo Park, Chang‑Ki Min, Yoon Seok Choi, Min Kyoung Kim, Ho-Young Yhim, Dok Hyun Yoon
Received April 10, 2025 Accepted July 21, 2025 Published online July 30, 2025
Purpose The prognosis for heavily pretreated patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) remains poor. Teclistamab, a bispecific antibody targeting B-cell maturation antigen and CD3, has demonstrated deep and durable responses in triple-class–exposed RRMM patients in the MajesTEC-1 trial. To further evaluate the efficacy and safety of teclistamab in Korean patients, we conducted a nationwide retrospective analysis.
Materials and Methods In August 2022, a Named Patient Program for teclistamab was initiated in Korea. The inclusion and exclusion criteria, dosage, treatment schedule, and dose modification protocols were largely consistent with those of the MajesTEC-1 trial. Retrospective data were collected for 42 patients who participated in the program.
Results The median age was 67 years (range, 48 to 84 years), and the median number of prior lines of therapy was 6 (range, 3 to 10). Triple- and penta-class refractoriness were observed in 40.5% and 19.0% of patients, respectively. The overall response rate was 66.7% (28/42); 17 patients (40.5%) achieved a complete or deeper response. With a median follow-up of 16.4 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 14.1 months. Patients with revised International Staging System stage III exhibited significantly shorter PFS (3.1 months vs. not reached, p=0.041). The 12-month overall survival rate was 61.7%; disease progression and infection were the most common causes of death. Only one patient experienced grade ≥ 3 cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and no cases of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome were reported. Grade ≥ 3 infections occurred in 42.9% (n=18) of patients and frequently led to treatment interruption (n=18).
Conclusion Efficacy outcomes including rapid responses, a high response rate, and prolonged survival duration as well as safety profiles, including the incidence of infections, CRS were comparable to those observed in the MajesTEC-1 trial. Given the historically poor outcomes observed in patients with triple-class–exposed RRMM, teclistamab treatment should be strongly considered for these patients.
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Bispecific Antibodies: Strategies Available to Optimize Their Safe Delivery in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Hannah Victoria Giles, Bhuvan Kishore Antibodies.2026; 15(1): 5. CrossRef
Real-world incidence of severe infections in multiple myeloma patients receiving bispecific antibodies: a meta-analysis Federico Spataro, Vanessa Desantis, Hermann Einsele, Franco Dammacco, Angelo Vacca, Roberto Ria, Antonio Giovanni Solimando Annals of Hematology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Ji Yun Lee, Sang-A Kim, Youngil Koh, Ho-Young Yhim, Gyeong-Won Lee, Chang-Ki Min, Young Rok Do, Hyo Jung Kim, Sung Hwa Bae, Hyeon-Seok Eom, Sung-Hoon Jung, Hyunkyung Park, Seung-Hyun Nam, Ji Hyun Lee, Sung-Hyun Kim, Hyun Jung Lee, Young Seob Park, Soo-Mee Bang
Cancer Res Treat. 2026;58(1):311-319. Published online February 21, 2025
Purpose
This study evaluates the Korean Cancer Study Group Geriatric Score-7 (KG-7) frailty screening tool’s effectiveness in elderly multiple myeloma (MM) patients to prevent under and overtreatment.
Materials and Methods
This prospective pilot cohort study included 100 elderly patients aged 70 and older with newly diagnosed MM who had not undergone transplantation from August 2020 to January 2022.
Results
The median age was 77 years, and 73.0% of patients were classified at International Staging System stages 2 or 3. Using a 5-point cutoff on the KG-7 index (non-frail, score ≥ 5; frail, score < 5), 31% were categorized as frail. After a median follow-up of 26.8 months, the 3-year overall survival rate was 73.0%. There was no statistically significant association between any frailty index and the risk of death. However, frail patients defined by the simplified frailty index (hazard ratio [HR], 2.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09 to 5.95; p=0.030) and by KG-7 (HR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.03 to 5.86; p=0.043) had a significantly higher risk of grade 3-4 non-hematologic toxicity, whereas the International Myeloma Working Group definition did not. Over a 24-month tracking period, vulnerability as measured by KG-7 either improved or deteriorated.
Conclusion
The pilot study, which had a limited number of participants, did not demonstrate KG-7’s effectiveness in predicting survival; however, it successfully predicted severe non-hematologic toxicities. We plan to conduct larger studies in elderly MM patients to determine whether KG-7 can help tailor their treatment regimens.
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Advances in the application of frailty scoring in the diagnosis and management of elderly patients with multiple myeloma (Review) Junlun Liu, Danyu Li, Chao Li, Zhuoren Chen Oncology Reports.2026; 55(5): 1. CrossRef
Ji Yun Lee, Ji Hyun Kwon, Joon Young Hur, Jun Ho Yi, Ji Hyun Lee, Hyungwoo Cho, Young Rok Do, Jae-Cheol Jo, Hye Jin Kang, Yougil Koh, Won Sik Lee, Sung Nam Lim, Sang Eun Yoon, Seok Jin Kim, Jeong-Ok Lee
Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):681-687. Published online November 10, 2023
Purpose Programmed death-1 blockade with pembrolizumab has shown promising activity in relapsed/refractory (R/R) extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL), but studies are limited, with small patient numbers.
Materials and Methods Thirteen institutes involved with the Consortium for Improving Survival of Lymphoma, a Korean lymphoma study group, collected the clinical data of 59 patients treated with pembrolizumab as salvage therapy between 2016 and 2022.
Results The median age of the patients was 60 years (range, 22 to 87 years), and 76.3% had advanced Ann Abor stage disease. Pembrolizumab was given to 35.6%, 40.7%, and 23.7% of the patients as second-, third-, and fourth- or higher-line chemotherapy, respectively. The overall response rate was 40.7%, with 28.8% having complete response. The estimated 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival rates for all patients were 21.5% and 28.7%, respectively; for responders, the rates were 53.0% and 60.7%, respectively. Although not statistically significant, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥ 2 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.91; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.93 to 3.94; p=0.078) and stage III or IV disease (HR, 2.59; 95% CI, 0.96 to 6.96; p=0.060) were associated with a trend toward shorter PFS in multivariate analysis. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events (AEs) were noted in 12 patients (20.3%); neutropenia (10.2%), fatigue (6.8%), and pneumonitis (5.1%) were most common AEs.
Conclusion In conclusion, while pembrolizumab had a modest effect on patients with R/R NKTCL, it may be a useful salvage therapy for patients with localized disease and good performance status.
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Purpose
Pegfilgrastim is widely used to prevent chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) and febrile neutropenia (FN) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We investigated the predictive factors affecting CIN and FN incidence in patients with DLBCL receiving rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy with pegfilgrastim and conducted experiments to find reason for the occurrence of CIN even when pegfilgrastim was used.
Materials and Methods
We reviewed the CIN and FN events of 200 patients with DLBCL. Based on these data, we investigate the association with predictive factor and the levels of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) receptor signaling pathway markers (pSTAT3, pAKT, pERK1/2, pBAD, and CXCR4) in bone marrow (BM) samples isolated from patients with DLBCL.
Results
FN was significantly associated with stage III/IV (hazard ratio [HR], 12.74) and low serum albumin levels (HR, 3.87). Additionally, patients with FN had lower progression-free survival (PFS; 2-year PFS, 51.1 % vs. 74.0%) and overall survival (OS; 2-year OS, 58.2% vs. 85.0%) compared to those without FN. The occurrence of CIN was associated with overexpression of G-CSF receptor signaling pathway markers, and expression levels of these markers were upregulated in BM cells co-cultured with DLBCL cells. The rate of neutrophil apoptosis was also higher in neutrophils co-cultured with DLBCL cells and was further promoted by treatment with doxorubicin.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that high DLBCL burden may alter the BM environment and G-CSF receptor signaling pathway, even in chemotherapy-naïve state, which may increase CIN frequency during R-CHOP chemotherapy.
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PURPOSE Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) of colorectal cancer (CRC) is common and is the second most common cause of death. Clinical studies regarding chemotherapy for CRC with PC have been classically rather limited in scope. We evaluated the efficacy of modified oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and fluorouracil (m-FOLFOX4) regimen for PC of CRC origin. MATERIALS AND METHODS CRC patients with PC were treated with cycles of oxaliplatin at 85 mg/m2 on day 1, leucovorin 20 mg/m2 followed by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) via a 400 mg/m2 bolus and a 22 hours continuous infusion of 600 mg/m2 5-FU on days 1-2 at 2-week intervals. RESULTS Forty patients participated in this study. Median age was 55 years. Thirty-two patients (80.0%) received previous operation, and 60.0% of PC occurred synchronously.
Thirty-five patients (87.5%) were assessable and exhibited measurable lesions. Two patients (5.7%) demonstrated complete response and five patients (14.3%) showed partial response. The median time to progression was 4.4 months (95% confidence interval, 2.5 to 6.3 months), the median overall survival time was 21.5 months (95% confidence interval, 17.2 to 25.7 months). There was no treatment related death.
Presence of liver metastasis (p=0.022), performance status (p=0.039), and carcinoembryonic antigen level (p=0.016) were related to the time to progression. Patients with low carcinoembryonic antigen level (37.2 months vs. 15.6 months, p=0.001) or good performance status (22.5 months vs. 6.8 months, p=0.040) showed better overall survival. CONCLUSION The m-FOLFOX4 regimen was determined to be effective for CRC patients with PC.
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Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy with oxaliplatin in colorectal peritoneal metastasis C. Demtröder, W. Solass, J. Zieren, D. Strumberg, U. Giger‐Pabst, M.‐A. Reymond Colorectal Disease.2016; 18(4): 364. CrossRef
Therapeutic options for peritoneal metastasis arising from colorectal cancer Gabriel Glockzin, Hans J Schlitt, Pompiliu Piso World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics.2016; 7(3): 343. CrossRef
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Should isolated peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer be sub-classified into stage IVB in era of modern chemotherapy? H. Ishida, K. Kumamoto, K. Ishibashi, S. Hatano, T. Matsuzawa, N. Okada, Y. Kumagai, H. Baba, N. Haga Techniques in Coloproctology.2013; 17(6): 647. CrossRef
Peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin: is it really an end-stage disease? E. Chouillard, V. Greco, N. Tsiminikakis Techniques in Coloproctology.2013; 17(6): 619. CrossRef
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PURPOSE To assess the usefulness of adenosine triphosphate-based chemotherapy response assay (ATP-CRA) results in advanced gastric cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-two patients underwent curative surgical resection between January, 2006 and December, 2008.
Their highly purified surgical specimens were evaluated by ATP-CRAs. Of the 62, 49 had successful assay results and they received either oral 5-fluorouracil or other chemotherapies. We retrospectively analyzed data for 24 patients who were treated with oral 5-fluorouracil and whose assays were successful. RESULTS The median observation time was 24.6 months (range, 10.1 to 40.9 months). The median treatment time was 11.2 months (range, 1.2 to 17.7 months). The median age was 66 years (range, 30 to 81 years). Patients were grouped into sensitive- and resistant-groups according to adenosine triphosphate-based chemotherapy response results for fluorouracil. The sensitive-group showed a significantly longer time to relapse (not reached in the sensitive-group vs. 24.8 months in the resistant-group, p=0.043) and longer overall survival compared to the resistant-group (not reached in the sensitive-group vs. 35.7 months in the resistant-group, p=0.16, statistically insignificant). CONCLUSION Patients who receive curative surgical resection significantly benefit from sensitive adjuvant chemotherapy according to ATP-CRA results for time to relapse.
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PURPOSE Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Catalase is one of the main defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. To examine the possible relationship between oxidative stress, and gastric and hepatocellular carcinomas, HinfI restriction length polymorphism (RFLP) in the human catalase gene was assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS The genotype and allele frequencies in the promoter region of the catalase gene were studied by PCR-RFLP in 108 Korean controls, 80 Korean gastric carcinoma (GC) and 106 Korean hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found in the genotypic distribution and allelic frequencies between the controls and both types of carcinoma patient. CONCLUSION To address the possible contribution of oxidative stresses to the pathogenesis of gastric and hepatocellular carcinomas, the associations between the catalase gene polymorphism and GC and HCC susceptibilities were studied. As a result, the catalase gene polymorphism was found not to be determinant of GC and HCC susceptibilities. Further studies are required on various other oxidative stress related genes to elucidate the mechanisms of GC and HCC.
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An adrenal carcinosarcoma is extremely rare with reported three cases. This neoplasm is extremely aggressive with distant metastasis arising from the sarcomatous component. A 48-year-old female was present with abdominal distention for 1 month. All laboratory studies were within normal reference range including urinary and serum corticosteroids. The tumor consist typical areas of adrenal carcinoma and sarcoma.
Sarcomatous elements were identified and confirmed both immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. After radical resection, the patient developed rapid local and distant metastatic recurrence and died three months after surgery.
This is the first reported case of adrenal carcinosarcoma in korea.
PURPOSE The physiologic mechanism of chemotherapy induced emesis is poorly understood, but recently it is thought to be mediated by serotonergic (5-hydroxytryptamine-3 or 5-HT3) receptars. 5-HT3 is released by enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract, which peaks 2-6 hours after the start of chemotherapy. In this study, the granisetron, an antiemetic agent, was given over 2-hour from the start of cisplatin administration to synchronize the peak level of the drug with that of 5-HT3 release. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemotherapy-naive patients undergoing their first cycle of cisplatin ( > 60 mg/m)-based chemotherapy were included. One milligram of granisetron was given intravenously 15 minutes before the start of cisplatin as a loading dose, then 2 mg was given over 2-hour starting with the cisplatin. RESULTS 24 of 25 patients were evaluable for efficacy and safety. Fifteen (62.5%) of the 24 evaluable patients had advanced gastric carcinoma and 21 (87.5%) received FP (5-FU/ Cisplatin) combination chemotherapy. The complete response rate for acute and delayed vomiting/retching was 58.3% (10/24) and 33.3% (8/24), respectively. The median latency time to first vomiting or retching was 20.3 hours.
Side effects were tolerable, but central nervous symptoms (dizziness, headache, or anxiety) and diarrhea were frequently noted. CONCLUSION Two-hour infusion of granisetron with the beginning of cisplatin showed no superior efficacy compared with historical controls that used bolus administration of granisetron, but somewhat more frequent central nervous system and gastrointestinal symptoms were observed.