Cancer Research and Treatment

Special Articles

Cancer Statistics in Korea: Incidence, Mortality, Survival, and Prevalence in 2021: Eun Hye Park, Kyu-Won Jung, Nam Ju Park, Mee Joo Kang, E Hwa Yun, Hye-Jin Kim, Jeong-Eun Kim, Hyun-Joo Kong, Jeong-Soo Im, Hong Gwan Seo, The Community of Population-Based Regional Cancer Registries; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):357-371. Published online March 13, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.253

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Purpose
The current study provides national cancer statistics and their secular trends in Korea, including incidence, mortality, survival, and prevalence in 2021.
Materials and Methods
Incidence, survival, and prevalence rates of cancer were calculated using the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database, from 1999 to 2021, with survival follow-up until December 31, 2022. Deaths from cancer were assessed using causes-of-death data obtained from Statistics Korea.
Results
The number of new cancer diagnoses in 2021 increased by 27,002 cases (10.8%) compared to 2020. In 2021, newly diagnosed cancer cases and deaths from cancer were reported as 277,523 (age-standardized rate [ASR], 289.3 per 100,000) and 82,688 (ASR, 67.6 per 100,000), respectively. The overall cancer incidence rates increased by 3.3% annually from 1999 to 2012, and decreased by 5.3% from 2012 to 2015, thereafter, followed by non-significant changes. Cancer mortality rates have been decreasing since 2002, with more rapid decline in recent years (annual decrease of 2.8% from 2002 to 2013; 3.2% from 2013 to 2021). The 5-year relative survival between 2017 and 2021 was 72.1%, which contributed to prevalent cases reaching over 2.4 million in 2021.
Conclusion
In 2021, the number of newly diagnosed cancer patients increased as healthcare utilization recovered from the coronavirus disease 2019–related declines of 2020. Revised cancer registration guidelines expanded the registration scope, particularly for stomach and colorectal cancer. Survival rates have improved over the years, leading to a growing population of cancer survivors, necessitating a comprehensive cancer control strategy. The long-term impact of the pandemic on cancer statistics requires future investigation.

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Colorectal Cancer Survivors' Inner Strength, Multiple Identities, and Quality of Life by Gender and Ostomy Presence: A Cross-Sectional Study
Hannah Yu, Eunjung Ryu
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2024; 36(2): 171. CrossRef
Chuna Manual Therapy or Electroacupuncture with Pregabalin for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Yeon-Woo Lee, Ilkyun Lee, Jin-Hyun Lee, Min-Geun Park, Ji-Hoon Kim, Yoon-Young Sunwoo, Man-Suk Hwang, Tae-Yong Park
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(13): 3916. CrossRef
SMARCD3 Overexpression Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Gastric Cancer
Sun Yi Park, Ji-Ho Park, Jung Wook Yang, Eun-Jung Jung, Young-Tae Ju, Chi-Young Jeong, Ju-Yeon Kim, Taejin Park, Tae-Han Kim, Miyeong Park, Young-Joon Lee, Sang-Ho Jeong
Cancers.2024; 16(12): 2282. CrossRef
Factors influencing psychological distress among breast cancer survivors using machine learning techniques
Jin-Hee Park, Misun Chun, Sun Hyoung Bae, Jeonghee Woo, Eunae Chon, Hee Jun Kim
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Influence of Professional Self-Concept and Patient Safety Culture on Burnout among Nurses in a Cancer Hospital
Soyoon Do, Eunjung Ryu
Asian Oncology Nursing.2024; 24(2): 53. CrossRef
Prognostic Impact of Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 in Surgically Resected Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinomas
Tae-Woo Kim, Kiyong Na, Junyang Jung, Heejin Lim, Hyewon Seo, Seung Hyeun Lee
Oncology.2024; 102(11): 969. CrossRef
Performance of the National Cancer Screening Program for Gastric Cancer in Korea
Young-Il Kim
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2024; 24(3): 231. CrossRef
Sites of Metastasis and Survival in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results From the Korean Renal Cancer Study Group Database
Chan Ho Lee, Minyong Kang, Cheol Kwak, Young Hwii Ko, Jung Kwon Kim, Jae Young Park, Seokhwan Bang, Seong Il Seo, Jungyo Suh, Wan Song, Cheryn Song, Hyung Ho Lee, Jinsoo Chung, Chang Wook Jeong, Jung Ki Jo, Seock Hwan Choi, Joongwon Choi, Changil Choi, Se
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Evolving trends in treatment patterns for hepatocellular carcinoma in Korea from 2008 to 2022: a nationwide population-based study
Ji Won Han, Won Sohn, Gwang Hyeon Choi, Jeong Won Jang, Gi Hyeon Seo, Bo Hyun Kim, Jong Young Choi
Journal of Liver Cancer.2024; 24(2): 274. CrossRef
Redefining the role of radiation therapy in pancreatic cancer management: innovations and future directions: A narrative review
Jeong Il Yu
Precision and Future Medicine.2024; 8(3): 74. CrossRef
A 5-Year Mortality Prediction Model for Prostate Cancer Patients Based on the Korean Nationwide Health Insurance Claims Database
Joungyoun Kim, Yong-Hoon Kim, Yong-June Kim, Hee-Taik Kang
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2024; 14(10): 1058. CrossRef
Longitudinal trajectories of frailty and cognitive decline among older Korean cancer survivors
Ran Won, Heesook Son, Jeehee Han, Youn-Jung Son
Geriatric Nursing.2024; 60: 636. CrossRef
Breast Cancer Statistics in Korea, 2021
Chihwan David Cha, Chan Sub Park, Hee-Chul Shin, Jaihong Han, Jung Eun Choi, Joo Heung Kim, Kyu-Won Jung, Sae Byul Lee, Sang Eun Nam, Tae In Yoon, Young-Joon Kang, Zisun Kim, So-Youn Jung, Hyun-Ah Kim
Journal of Breast Cancer.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Tobacco Use in Korea: Current Epidemiology and Public Health Issues
Jong Eun Park, Woo Min Jeong, Ye Jin Choi, So Young Kim, Kyoung Eun Yeob, Jong Hyock Park
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Endometrial cancer detected unusually after an ankle fracture secondary to severe anemia in an obese woman with heavy menstrual bleeding: A case report
Hyung Yoon, Tae Go, Kyung Kim, Yong Song, Dong Suh, Ki Kim
Molecular and Clinical Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Updates in the 2024 Korean Thyroid Association Clinical Practice Guidelines for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: from Diagnosis to Initial Treatment
Eun Kyung Lee
International Journal of Thyroidology.2024; 17(2): 259. CrossRef
Determining risk‐adapted starting age and interval for breast cancer screening based on reproductive and hormonal factors
Tung Hoang, Jeonghee Lee, So‐Youn Jung, Jeongseon Kim
International Journal of Cancer.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A Case Study of Korean Medicine in Treating Worsened Esophagitis Symptoms Following Anticancer Therapy in a Patient with Esophageal Cancer
Eun-seo Kim, Soo-min Jo, Si-young Song, Geun-jeong Kim, Young-su Lee
The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2024; 45(5): 895. CrossRef
The Emerging Treatment of BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin)-Unresponsive Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Jong Ho Park, Jong Jin Oh
Journal of Urologic Oncology.2024; 22(3): 246. CrossRef
Adherence to the Cancer Prevention Recommendations from World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research After Cancer Diagnosis on Mortality in South Korea
Donghyun Won, Jeeyoo Lee, Sooyoung Cho, Ji Yoon Baek, Daehee Kang, Aesun Shin
Nutrients.2024; 16(23): 4049. CrossRef

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Prediction of Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Korea, 2024: Kyu-Won Jung, Mee Joo Kang, Eun Hye Park, E Hwa Yun, Hye-Jin Kim, Jeong-Eun Kim, Hyun-Joo Kong, Jeong-Soo Im, Hong Gwan Seo; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):372-379. Published online March 11, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.252

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Purpose
This study aimed to report the projected cancer incidence and mortality for the year 2024 to estimate Korea’s current cancer burden.
Materials and Methods
Cancer incidence data from 1999 to 2021 were obtained from the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database, and cancer mortality data from 1993 to 2022 were acquired from Statistics Korea. Cancer incidence and mortality were projected by fitting a linear regression model to observed age-specific cancer rates against their respective years and multiplying the projected age-specific rates by the anticipated age-specific population for 2024. A joinpoint regression model was used to determine the year in which the linear trend changed significantly; we only used the data of the latest trend for prediction.
Results
In total, 292,221 new cancer cases and 83,770 cancer deaths are expected to occur in Korea in 2024. The most common cancer site is expected to be the thyroid, followed by the colon and rectum, lung, breast, and stomach. These five cancers are expected to represent 55.7% of the overall burden of cancer in Korea. The most common type of cancer leading to death is expected to be lung cancer, followed by liver, colorectal, pancreatic, and stomach cancers.
Conclusion
The age-standardized incidence rates for female breast and prostate cancers are estimated to continue to increase. These up-to-date estimates of the cancer burden in Korea could be an important resource for planning and evaluating cancer-control programs.

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2023 Update of the Korean Thyroid Association Guidelines for the Management of Thyroid Nodules
Eun Kyung Lee, Young Joo Park
Clinical Thyroidology®.2024; 36(4): 153. CrossRef
The Role of Local Prostate and Metastasis-Directed Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer
Seo Hee Choi, Seung-Hoon Beom, Young Deuk Choi, Won Sik Ham, Hyunho Han, Woong Kyu Han, Won Sik Jang, Seung Hwan Lee, Jaeho Cho
Cancers.2024; 16(18): 3159. CrossRef
Trend Analysis of Lung Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Xiamen (2011-2020)
Jianni Cong, Jiahuang Chi, Junli Zeng, Yilan Lin
Risk Management and Healthcare Policy.2024; Volume 17: 2375. CrossRef
The Impact of the Dietary Inflammatory Index, Fasting Blood Glucose, and Smoking Status on the Incidence and Survival of Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Case–Control Study and a Prospective Study
Ga Hyun Lee, Yeon Hee Kim, Sang Myung Woo, Woo Jin Lee, Sung-Sik Han, Sang-Jae Park, Sherry Price, Penias Tembo, James R. Hébert, Mi Kyung Kim
Nutrients.2024; 16(22): 3941. CrossRef

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Original Article

Paired Primary and Metastatic Tumor Analysis of Somatic Mutations in Synchronous and Metachronous Colorectal Cancer: Kyu-pyo Kim, Jeong-Eun Kim, Yong Sang Hong, Sung-Min Ahn, Sung Min Chun, Seung-Mo Hong, Se Jin Jang, Chang Sik Yu, Jin Cheon Kim, Tae Won Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(1):161-167. Published online July 4, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.490

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Although the mutation status of KRAS is highly concordant in primary and metastatic lesions, it has not been generalized to other major pathway genes.
Materials and Methods
In this study, 41 genes were evaluated and the mutational profiles were compared in 46 colorectal cancer patients with paired surgical specimens of primary and metastatic lesions: synchronous (n=27) and metachronous (n=19) lesions. A high-throughput mass spectrometry-based genotyping platform validated by orthogonal chemistry, OncoMap v.4.4, was used to evaluate the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded surgical specimens. The patients’ demographics, tumor characteristics, and microsatellite instability status were analyzed by a retrospective chart review.
Results
In this study,with OncoMap, mutationswere identified in 80.4% of patientswith the following frequency: KRAS (39.1%), TP53 (28.3%), APC (28.3%), PIK3CA (6.5%), BRAF (6.5%), and NRAS (4.3%). Although 19.6% (9/46) of the patients showed no gene mutations, 43.5% (20/46) and 37.0% (17/46) had mutations in one and two or more genes, respectively. The synchronous and metachronous lesions showed similar mutational profiles. Paired samples between primary and metastatic tumors differed in 7.4% (2/27) and 10.5% (2/19) for synchronous and metachronous according to OncoMap.
Conclusion
These findings indicate the major pathway genes, including KRAS, TP53, APC, PIK3CA, BRAF, and NRAS, are often concordant between the primary and metastatic lesions regardless of the temporal relationship of metastasis.

Citations

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Mutation characteristics and molecular evolution of ovarian metastasis from gastric cancer and potential biomarkers for paclitaxel treatment
Pengfei Yu, Can Hu, Guangyu Ding, Xiaoliang Shi, Jingli Xu, Yang Cao, Xiangliu Chen, Wei Wu, Qi Xu, Jingquan Fang, Xingmao Huang, Shaohua Yuan, Hui Chen, Zhizheng Wang, Ling Huang, Fei Pang, Yian Du, Xiangdong Cheng
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Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2023; 149(13): 11085. CrossRef
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Transcriptomic analysis by RNA sequencing characterises malignant progression of canine insulinoma from normal tissue to metastatic disease
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Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Genetic Alterations of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Ugo Testa, Germana Castelli, Elvira Pelosi
Biomedicines.2020; 8(10): 414. CrossRef
Prognostic impact of the Fusobacterium nucleatum status in colorectal cancers
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Medicine.2019; 98(39): e17221. CrossRef
Microsatellite Instability: Diagnosis, Heterogeneity, Discordance, and Clinical Impact in Colorectal Cancer
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Cancers.2019; 11(10): 1567. CrossRef
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Colorectal Cancer: Genetic Abnormalities, Tumor Progression, Tumor Heterogeneity, Clonal Evolution and Tumor-Initiating Cells
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