Purpose
This study aimed to examine secular trends, age-period-cohort effects, and geographical differences in gastric cancer (GC) mortality in Korea.
Materials and Methods
Using cause of death data from the Korean Statistical Information Service for GC from 2000 to 2020, we calculated average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) in the age-standardized mortality of GC in 17 cities and provinces through joinpoint regression. Decomposition of age, period, and cohort effects on GC mortality were elucidated by applying a log-linear model and an intrinsic estimate method. Spatial patterns and the degree of spatial clustering in 250 administrative regions were explored via Moran’s I statistics. Stratification by sex was performed for all analyses.
Results
The age-standardized mortality of GC per 100,000 persons declined from 29.0 in 2000 to 7.9 in 2020 (AAPC, -6.28%). Age-period-cohort analyses of GC mortality showed a downward trend among five-year age groups from age 20-89 years across five-year periods from 2005-2020 and five-year birth cohorts from 1920-2000. Overall, the younger birth cohort showed lower mortality rates than the older cohort within the same period. In 2020, clusters of high GC mortality were observed in the central area for men (Chungcheongbuk, Jeollabuk, Gyeongsangbuk, and Gyeongsangnam) and in the eastern area for women (Gyeongsangbuk).
Conclusion
This study identified a downward trend in GC mortality among men and women from 2000 to 2020 in Korea. This trend was mainly attributed to birth cohort rather than period effects. Spatial analysis showed high GC mortality in the Chungcheong and Gyeongsangbuk areas.
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Expression of claudin 18.2 in poorly cohesive carcinoma and its association with clinicopathologic parameters in East Asian patients Moonsik Kim, Byung Woog Kang, Jihyun Park, Jin Ho Baek, Jong Gwang Kim Pathology - Research and Practice.2024; 263: 155628. CrossRef
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Purpose
The current study was undertaken to examine the trend in gallbladder cancer (GBC) incidence
and survival in Korea.
Materials and Methods
GBC incidence data by histologic typewere obtained from the Korea Central Cancer Registry.
Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated using the mid-year Korean population of
2000 as a standard population, and a joinpoint regression model was used to calculate the
annual percent change (APC) in incidence rates. Incidence by Surveillance, Epidemiology
and End Results (SEER) summary stage and by geographical areas and female-to-male incidence
rate ratios was also described.
Results
The number of new GBC cases increased between 1999 and 2013. Nevertheless, the agestandardized
incidence rate decreased by 0.5% per year in men (p < 0.01), whereas the
incidence rate in women did not change significantly over the same period (APC, –0.2;
p=0.6). The most common histologic type was adenocarcinoma in both sexes. Based on
the SEER stage, the distant stage was the most frequent stage (41%), followed by the
regional stage (37%). Ulsan (4.31/100,000 for men and 4.09/100,000 forwomen in 2009-
2013) and Gyeongsangnam-do (4.15/100,000 for men and 3.54/100,000 for women)
showed the highest GBC incidence, whereas the lowest incidence was observed in Seoul
and Gyeonggi-do. There were no significant sex differences in the incidence of GBC (femaleto-male
incidence rate ratio, 0.96).
Conclusion
The overall incidence of GBC in Korea did not change significantly over the 15-year period.
Incidence for men and women was similar. However, geographical variation was found.
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Purpose
The current study was undertaken to examine the trends in the lung cancer incidence, mortality, and survival after a diagnosis in Korea.
Materials and Methods
Lung cancer incidence data according to the histologic type and mortality data were obtained from the Korea Central Cancer Registry and the Statistics Korea, respectively. The age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated, and the Joinpoint model and age-period-cohort analyses were used to describe the trends in the rates. The 5-year relative survival rates of lung cancer were also calculated.
Results
Although the number of new lung cancer cases increased between 1999 and 2012, the age-standardized incidence rate decreased by 0.9% per year in men, whereas the incidence in women increased by 1.7% per year over the same time. Until 2010, the most common histologic type in men was squamous cell carcinoma, then adenocarcinoma prevailed thereafter. Since 1999, the most frequent histological type in women was adenocarcinoma. The lung cancer mortality started to decrease in 2002, with a more apparent decline for the younger age groups in both men and women. Overall, the 5-year relative survival rates have improved significantly from 11.2% for men and 14.7% for women among patients diagnosed between 1993 and 1997 to 19.3% for men and 28.2% for women among patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2012, respectively. An improvement in survival rate was observed for all major histology groups.
Conclusion
The epidemiology of lung cancer in Korea has changed over a short time span, with decreasing mortality and improving survival rates. Further study is warranted to determine the cause of these changes.
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