Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Excess Cholesterol Biosynthesis by Up-regulated HMGCS1 in Colorectal Cancer Cells Induced M2-like Tumor–Associated Macrophage Polarization via Extracellular Vesicles: Liu Yang, Bo Wu, Tingyi Sun, Haimei Sun, Jian Ma, Xiaohui Liu, Deshan Zhou, Shu Yang; Received May 22, 2025 Accepted October 11, 2025 Published online October 13, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2025.550 [Epub ahead of print]

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Purpose
The aetiology of colorectal cancer (CRC) is attributed to the intrinsic malignant cell transformation and the extrinsic tumor microenvironment (TME). Within the TME, M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a pivotal role in promoting CRC malignancy. Although the interaction between tumor cells and TAMs has been studied, the mechanism underlying the polarization of M2-like TAMs directed by CRC cells remains unclear.
Materials and Methods
Macrophage polarization was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cytokine production was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were identified by transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. CRC cell apoptosis and viability were measured by flow cytometry and Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, respectively.
Results
The results showed that CRC cells have high expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase 1 (HMGCS1), the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the synthesis of HMG-CoA during cholesterol biosynthesis. The increased expression of HMGCS1 resulted in an excess of cholesterol in CRC patients. The excess cholesterol derived from CRC cells was released via EVs and taken up by surrounding macrophages via the CD36 receptor. Macrophages that took up CRC cell-derived cholesterol showed a preferential polarization towards M2-like TAMs, which produced large amounts of pro-tumor cytokines. The production of these cytokines further accelerated the progression of the surrounding CRC.
Conclusion
Our findings revealed a mutual stimulatory effect between CRC cells and M2-like TAMs. CRC cells with hyper-expressed HMGCS1 facilitated M2-like TAM polarization by releasing cholesterol-rich EVs, and M2-like TAMs in turn promoted CRC malignancy. These findings suggest that inhibiting excessive cholesterol production may be a promising strategy for the treatment of advanced CRC.

Citations

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Exosomal crosstalk between breast cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages: mechanisms and therapeutic implications
Rong-quan Gong, An Xu, Xiao Huang, Deyuan Fu
Molecular Biology Reports.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Metabolic Messengers: Extracellular Vesicles as Central Mediators of Metabolic Reprogramming in Renal Cell Cancer
Qingshu Meng, Liqun Huang, Zhiguo Chen, Rui Lin, Xiaohui Zhou, Guosheng Yang
Biomedicines.2026; 14(2): 282. CrossRef
USP16 promotes M2 polarization of macrophages in colorectal cancer by activating the Notch pathway via inducing the deubiquitination of E2F1
Hua Yu, Mengmeng Chen, Boxu Chen, Shiwei Hu, Xiaoyu Dai
Cytotechnology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Parallel Alterations in Gut and Tumor Microbiota in Pediatric Oncology: Potential Impacts on Disease Progression and Treatment Response
Patrik József Szabó, Viktória Sági, Levente Károly Kassai, Renáta Mária Kiss-Miki, Nóra Makra, Dóra Szabó, Miklós Garami
Cancers.2025; 17(21): 3426. CrossRef

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Lung and Thoracic cancer

Association of Immune-Related Adverse Events and the Efficacy of Anti–PD-(L)1 Monotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Adjusting for Immortal-Time Bias: Ying Yu, Ning Chen, Sizhe Yu, Wanji Shen, Wanchen Zhai, Hui Li, Yun Fan; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(3):751-764. Published online January 2, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.1118

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Purpose
The association between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and survival outcomes in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with programmed death-(ligand) 1 [PD-(L)1] inhibitors remains controversial, partly due to variations in dealing with immortal-time bias (ITB).
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 425 advanced NSCLC patients who received anti–PD-(L)1 monotherapy between January 2016 and June 2021, stratifying them into irAE (n=127) and non-irAE (n=298) groups. The primary endpoint was to assess the impact of irAEs on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Landmark (2-, 3-, 6-, and 9-month) and time-dependent Cox analyses were performed to eliminate ITB.
Results
With a median follow-up of 38.8 months, the occurrence of overall irAEs was significantly associated with superior PFS (11.2 vs. 3.4 months, p < 0.001) and OS (31.4 vs. 14.0 months, p < 0.001), which persisted in landmark and time-dependent Cox analyses. For the main organ-specific irAEs, skin, thyroid, and hepatic irAEs, respectively, showed significantly improved survival compared to the non-irAE group, whereas pneumonitis did not. Single-organ irAEs had the best outcomes compared with multi-organ or no irAE, which also held across subgroups of skin, thyroid, and hepatic irAEs. Moreover, severe grade irAEs and immunotherapy discontinuation had a detrimental effect on survival, systemic steroid therapy showed little effect, while immunotherapy resumption had tolerable safety and a trend of improved survival.
Conclusion
After adequately adjusting ITB, the occurrence of overall irAEs predicts for favorable efficacy of anti–PD-(L)1 monotherapy in NSCLC, with better outcomes observed in patients with skin, thyroid, or hepatic irAEs, particularly those with single-organ involvement.

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Yusuke Inoue, Naoki Inui
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Tianhang Zhang, Xiao Chen, Jianhua Wu, Jiasong Li, Zhukun Qin, Ruijie Cao, Wei Guo, Zhanjun Guo, Haiyan Fan
Frontiers in Immunology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Immune-Related Thyroid Dysfunction in PD-L1 High Non-Oncogene-Addicted NSCLC Treated with First-Line Pembrolizumab: Incidence, Timing, and Predictive Impact
Filip Marković, Mihailo Stjepanović, Milica Kontić
Current Oncology.2026; 33(2): 109. CrossRef
Association of Immune‐Related Adverse Events and the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer: Adjusting for Immortal Time Bias
Yoshiki Kuwabara, Hiroyuki Ohya, Maiko Osawa, Kota Shiraishi, Itsuka Matsumoto, Shigeru Ishii, Shin Yokosuka, Masatoshi Abe, Tomoyuki Takahashi, Yuichiro Kawano, Hiroaki Nishimura, Maiko Toda‐Sasaki, Yumiko Kobayashi‐Ogawa, Satoshi Kikuchi, Yusuke Hirata,
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Yuan-Tsung Tseng, Chang-Sung Tsai, Mita Restinia, Chih-Wei Tseng, Ting-Yu Chen, Chung-Yi Li
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2026; 236: 113236. CrossRef
Effectiveness of electronic patient-reported outcomes in patients with cancer undergoing immunotherapy: a real-world retrospective study
Hideyuki Katsura, Yukio Suga, Shinji Kimoto, Reiko Ando Makihara, Hiroshi Ota, Hitomi Toi, Naoko Takata, Hiroaki Ikesue
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Saptanil Das, Archana Dhyani, Rajnish Kumar, Heena Arora
Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Microbial Influence on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Non-Small Cell Carcinoma: The Gut–Lung-Immune Axis
Haroon Ali, Bingqing Xie, Jun Yang, Urooba Nadeem
Cancers.2026; 18(12): 1948. CrossRef
Management, biomarkers and prognosis in people developing endocrinopathies associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Shintaro Iwama, Tomoko Kobayashi, Hiroshi Arima
Nature Reviews Endocrinology.2025; 21(5): 289. CrossRef
Case Report and Literature Review on Skin Toxicity Induced by PD-1 Inhibitor in a Penile Cancer with Massive Ulceration of Chemoradiotherapy-Resistant and Successful Treatment by Immunotherapy
Yanyan Zhu, Daxia Cai, Jiangle Jiang, Jianfei Tu, Zhifeng Tian, Xiayan Zhang, Songmei Luo, Yonghui Wang
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology.2025; Volume 18: 699. CrossRef
Hepatic immune-related adverse event increased the overall survival of patients with malignancies treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Kaori Matsumoto, Tatsuo Kanda, Junichiro Wakatsuki, Young-Jin Kim, Ritsuko Yokouchi, Naho Sato, Yuko Hasegawa, Kenji Amemiya, Yosuke Hirotsu, Sumio Hirose, Yushi Imai, Shinya Takaoka, Hiroyuki Amano, Yukiko Asakawa, Kouwa Nagasaka, Yoshiki Asahina, Yuichi
Hepatology International.2025; 19(5): 1221. CrossRef
The administration sequences of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy cause discrete efficacy when treating non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study
Bicheng Zhang, Yuxiao Song, Qian Min, Weiting Cheng, Jun Wang, Yang Fu, Jiaxin Yin
Frontiers in Immunology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Changes in thyroid hormone levels indicate immunotherapy efficacy in gastric cancer
Min Xiao, Lan Qian, Qiu Zhao, Jian Ma, Qianxiao Li, Qian Liu, Zhiyan Bi
Oncology Letters.2025; 30(1): 1. CrossRef
Induction therapy with dabrafenib, trametinib, and PD-1 inhibitor and surgical conversion in unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancers with BRAF V600E mutation: 2 cases
Sida Cheng, Ruijie Zhang, Feng Yang, Jianfeng Li, Huimin Zhao, Lixin Zhou, Geyun Chang, Kunkun Sun, Min Zhang, Xiang Yan, Fan Yang
Lung Cancer.2025; 205: 108592. CrossRef
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Yun Xu, Baoliang Zhong, Chunlin Yu, Qingjian Hou, Wenying Chen, Wen Zheng, Wenxiong Zhang, Tonggang Zhou
Frontiers in Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in advanced cancer: clinical association of irAEs type, inflammatory markers and efficacy
Mengying Qian, Ping Ma, Yu Zhao, Hao Jiang, LiYang Gao, Gaoyang Lin, Difan Duan, Jinmin Guo
Frontiers in Immunology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Development of pituitary dysfunction and destructive thyroiditis is associated with better survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with programmed cell death-1 inhibitors: a prospective study with immortal time bias correction
Koji Suzuki, Tomoko Kobayashi, Tetsushi Izuchi, Koki Otake, Masahiko Ando, Tomoko Handa, Takashi Miyata, Mariko Sugiyama, Takeshi Onoue, Daisuke Hagiwara, Hidetaka Suga, Ryoichi Banno, Tetsunari Hase, Megumi Inoue, Makoto Ishii, Hiroshi Arima, Shintaro Iw
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Tianhang Zhang, Haitao Lv, Jiasong Li, Shasha Zhang, Jingjing Zhang, Siqi Wang, Yingnan Wang, Zhanjun Guo
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy versus Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy in Definitive Chemoradiotherapy for Cervical Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Comparison of Survival Outcomes and Toxicities: Nai-Bin Chen, Bo Qiu, Jun Zhang, Meng-Yun Qiang, Yu-Jia Zhu, Bin Wang, Jin-Yu Guo, Ling-Zhi Cai, Shao-Min Huang, Meng-Zhong Liu, Qun Li, Yong-Hong Hu, Qi-Wen Li, Hui Liu; Cancer Res Treat. 2020;52(1):31-40. Published online April 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.624

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare the survival and toxicities in cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (CESCC) treated by concurrent chemoradiothrapy with either three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) or intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) techniques.
Materials and Methods
A total of 112 consecutive CESCC patients were retrospectively reviewed. 3D-CRT and IMRT groups had been analyzed by propensity score matching method, with sex, age, Karnofsky performance status, induction chemotherapy, and tumor stage well matched. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Toxicities were compared between two groups by Fisher exact test.
Results
With a median follow-up time of 34.9 months, the 3-year OS (p=0.927) and PFS (p=0.859) rate was 49.6% and 45.8% in 3D-CRT group, compared with 54.4% and 42.8% in IMRT group. The rates of grade ≥ 3 esophagitis, grade ≥ 2 pneumonitis, esophageal stricture, and hemorrhage were comparable between two groups, while the rate of tracheostomy dependence was much higher in IMRT group than 3D-CRT group (14.3% vs.1.8%, p=0.032). Radiotherapy technique (hazard ratio [HR], 0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01 to 0.79) and pretreatment hoarseness (HR, 0.12; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.70) were independently prognostic of tracheostomy dependence.
Conclusion
No survival benefits had been observed while comparing IMRT versus 3D-CRT in CESCC patients. IMRT with fraction dose escalation and pretreatment hoarseness were considered to be associated with a higher risk for tracheostomy dependence. Radiation dose escalation beyond 60 Gy should be taken into account carefully when using IMRT with hypofractionated regimen.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Surgical Outcomes for Cervical Esophageal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Chang Yuan, Zhichao Liu, Bin Li, Yuxin Yang, Kaiyuan Zhu, Boyao Yu, Cong Qi, Chenyang Jing, Xinyi Fan, Zhigang Li, Chunguang Li
World Journal of Surgery.2025; 49(9): 2560. CrossRef
IL-15 signaling via cis- and trans-presentation to progenitor-exhausted CD8+ T cells enhances radio-immunotherapy efficacy in ESCC
Yi You, Linrui Gao, Shijia Li, Hui Huang, Tierun Wang, Zongchang Nie, Jian Zhou, Xiaoxue Ma, Jiarui Li, Hongyu Bie, Tian Zhang, Xi Chen, Qingsong Pang, Ping Wang, Cihui Yan, Wencheng Zhang
Journal of Nanobiotechnology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Current and future on definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy for inoperable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Renxian Xie, Qingxin Cai, Tong Chen, Hongxin Huang, Chuangzhen Chen
Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Tumor-Derived Exosomal miR-143-3p Induces Macrophage M2 Polarization to Cause Radiation Resistance in Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Lin-Rui Gao, Jiajun Zhang, Ning Huang, Wei Deng, Wenjie Ni, Zefen Xiao, Mei Liu
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(11): 6082. CrossRef
Dose escalation in radical radio(chemo)therapy for cervical and upper thoracic esophageal cancer with 3DCRT/IMRT (ChC&UES): a multicenter retrospective study
Xiao-Han Zhao, Wen-Cheng Zhang, Xin Wang, Jun-Qiang Chen, Yuan-Ji Xu, Kuai-Le Zhao, Wei Huang, Pu-Dong Qian, Ya-Tian Liu, Xiao-Lin Ge, Xiao-Jie Xia, Chen-Gang Weng, Chun-Yue Gai, He-Song Wang, Hong-Mei Gao, Wen-Bin Shen, Shu-Chai Zhu
Radiation Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Oncological outcomes of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervical esophagus treated with definitive (chemo-)radiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Armando De Virgilio, Andrea Costantino, Bianca Maria Festa, Giuseppe Mercante, Davide Franceschini, Ciro Franzese, Marta Scorsetti, Andrea Marrari, Raffaele Cavina, Salvatore Marano, Carlo Castoro, Giuseppe Spriano
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2023; 149(3): 1029. CrossRef
Effect of preoperative radiotherapy on the prognosis of patients with stage cTxN0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: propensity score matching analysis based on SEER database
Zixian Jin, Jiajing Sun, Jian Zhang, Jianfei Shen, Bo Zhang
Frontiers in Surgery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Paclitaxel and cisplatin combined with concurrent involved-field irradiation in definitive chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a phase II clinical trial
Hui Li, Ying Fang, Dayong Gu, Mingyu Du, Zhi Zhang, Lei Sun, Guoren Zhou, Jinjun Ye
Radiation Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A Retrospective Study of Chemotherapy and 3D-Image-Guided Afterloading Intracavitary Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Xiaojun Li, Cunlian An, Chunlan Feng, Jieren Sun, Huixiang Lu, Xiaodong Yang, Kaiping Wang, Ruimei Wang, Zhongjie Shi
Journal of Oncology.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef
Intensity modulated radiotherapy might be effective for locally advanced esophageal carcinosarcoma: A single center’s experience and review of literature
Siran Yang, Wenqing Wang, Nan Bi, Zongmei Zhou, Qinfu Feng, Zefen Xiao, Dongfu Chen, Jun Liang, Jima Lu, Jianyang Wang, Xin Wang, Jingbo Wang, Yong Yang, Ningning Lu, Hongxing Zhang, Luhua Wang
Medicine.2022; 101(42): e31215. CrossRef
Outcome of chemoradiotherapy using intensity-modulated radiation therapy for cervical esophageal cancer: a single institute experience
Masahiro Inada, Yasumasa Nishimura, Kazuki Ishikawa, Takuya Uehara, Yutaro Wada, Yasuo Oguma, Hiroshi Doi, Kiyoshi Nakamatsu
Esophagus.2021; 18(3): 638. CrossRef
Radiation-induced acute injury of intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a prospective cohor
Zexin Yao, Bing Zhang, Jialin Huang, Lei Shi, Biao Cheng
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Correlation between the γ passing rates of IMRT plans and the volumes of air cavities and bony structures in head and neck cancer
Zhengwen Shen, Xia Tan, Shi Li, Xiumei Tian, Huanli Luo, Ying Wang, Fu Jin
Radiation Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Rehabilitation Nursing Intervention Can Improve Dysphagia and Quality of Life of Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer
Xiange Zeng, Ling Li, Wenjing Wang, Lihui Zhu, Alamgeer Yuchi
Journal of Oncology.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
Late Toxicities, Failure Patterns, Local Tumor Control, and Survival of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients After Chemoradiotherapy With a Simultaneous Integrated Boost: A 5-Year Phase II Study
Chuangzhen Chen, Jianzhou Chen, Ting Luo, Siyan Wang, Hong Guo, Chengbing Zeng, Yanxuan Wu, Weitong Liu, Ruihong Huang, Tiantian Zhai, Zhijian Chen, Derui Li
Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Conformal radiation therapy versus volumetric arc therapy in high dose concurrent chemoradiotherapy for carcinoma esophagus
Tapas Kumar Dora, Jayashree Deshmukh, Abhishek Chatterjee, Alok Goel, Subhadeep Bose, Avtar Singh, Amit Saini, Shefali Pahwa, Sarbani Ghosh Laskar, Jai Prakash Agarwal, Shyam Kishore Shrivastava, Rakesh Kapoor
Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment.2021; 4(3): 456. CrossRef
Propensity score-based comparison of survival and radiation pneumonitis after definitive chemoradiation for esophageal cancer: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy
Kaiqi Lan, Jinhan Zhu, Jun Zhang, Sha Zhou, Yadi Yang, Zizhen Feng, Li Zhang, Shi Wang, Mian Xi
Radiotherapy and Oncology.2020; 149: 228. CrossRef
LINC00473 contributes to the radioresistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating microRNA‑497‑5p and cell division cycle 25A
Wei‑Hua Liu, Han‑Yong Qiao, Jian Xu, Wei‑Qing Wang, Yi‑Lei Wu, Xia Wu
International Journal of Molecular Medicine.2020; 46(2): 571. CrossRef
A multicenter prospective phase III clinical randomized study of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer: 3JECROG P-02 study protocol
Lin-rui Gao, Xin Wang, Weiming Han, Wei Deng, Chen Li, Xiaomin Wang, Yidian Zhao, Wenjie Ni, Xiao Chang, Zongmei Zhou, Lei Deng, Wenqing Wang, Wenyang Liu, Jun Liang, Tao Zhang, Nan Bi, Jianyang Wang, Yirui Zhai, Qinfu Feng, Jima Lv, Ling Li, Zefen Xiao
BMC Cancer.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Prognosis of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Patients with and without a History of Radiation for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Matched Case-Control Study: Peng Zhang, Li Zhang, Hui Liu, Lei Zhao, Yong Li, Jing-Xian Shen, Qing Liu, Meng-Zhong Liu, Mian Xi; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):695-705. Published online October 11, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2016.317

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Previous studies reported an association between an increased risk of tongue cancer and radiation treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study compared the clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) in patients with and without a history of radiotherapy for NPC.
Materials and Methods
From 1965 to 2009, a total of 73 patients were diagnosed with TSCC with a history of radiotherapy for NPC. The patients were matched in a 1:3 ratio with patients with sporadic TSCC according to age, sex, and year of the TSCC diagnosis. The primary endpoint was the overall survival.
Results
The median interval from NPC to TSCC was 82 months. The NPC survivors were more likely to be diagnosed with a more advanced T classification, less likely to have lymph node involvement, and more likely to have the tumor located in the dorsum of the tongue than sporadic TSCC. Regarding the histologic characteristics, the NPC survivors were more likely to have a weak lymphocytic host response, low tumor budding, and low risk of a worse pattern of invasion. The sporadic TSCC patients had a better overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.690; p=0.033) than the NPC survivors. In competing risks analysis, the cumulative incidence functions for the competing event (documented non-tongue cancer death) were significantly higher in the NPC survivors (Gray’s test, p=0.001).
Conclusion
TSCC patients with a history of radiotherapy for NPC appear to have particular clinicopathologic features, a poorer survival, and are more likely to die from non-tongue cancer causes than those with sporadic TSCC.

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Secondary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity after Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Liyuan Dai, Qigen Fang, Peng Li, Junfu Wu, Xu Zhang
Cancer Research and Treatment.2020; 52(1): 109. CrossRef
Second primary cancer after intensity-modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A territory-wide study by HKNPCSG
James C.H. Chow, Anthony H.P. Tam, Ka-Man Cheung, Victor H.F. Lee, Chi-Leung Chiang, Macy Tong, Edwin C.Y. Wong, Alice K.W. Cheung, Sunny P.C. Chan, Jessica W.Y. Lai, Roger K.C. Ngan, Wai-Tong Ng, Anne W.M. Lee, Kwok-Hung Au
Oral Oncology.2020; 111: 105012. CrossRef
BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 promotes immunogenic cell death in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Miao Wang, Lu Zhao, Dongdong Tong, Linrui Yang, Hongjie Zhu, Qing Li, Fenghe Zhang
International Immunopharmacology.2019; 76: 105921. CrossRef
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Lansheng Zhu, Yanling Wang, Rui Li, Aiqun Liu, Xiaoping Zhang, Chunran Zuo, Xiaoting Xu
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Alhadi Almangush, Matti Pirinen, Ilkka Heikkinen, Antti A Mäkitie, Tuula Salo, Ilmo Leivo
British Journal of Cancer.2018; 118(4): 577. CrossRef
The poor outcome of second primary oral squamous cell carcinoma is attributed to Bmi1 upregulation
Qinchao Hu, Tong Wu, Xiaobing Chen, Huan Li, Zhicheng Du, Yuantao Hao, Jianmin Peng, Shanshan Tai, Ming Song, Bin Cheng
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