Cancer Research and Treatment

Case Report

Long-term Complete Remission of Decitabine-Primed Tandem CD19/CD22 CAR-T Therapy with PD-1 and BTK Inhibitors Maintenance in a Refractory Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Patient: Rui Zou, Xiao Zhou, Hailing Liu, Peng Wang, Fan Xia, Liqing Kang, Lei Yu, Depei Wu, Zhengming Jin, Changju Qu; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(4):1363-1368. Published online June 14, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.371

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare and aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that affects the brain, eyes, cerebrospinal fluid, or spinal cord without systemic involvement. The outcome of patients with PCNSL is worse compared to patients with systemic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Given potential mortality associated with severe immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), patients with PCNSL have been excluded from most clinical trials involving chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy initially. Here, we report for the first time to apply decitabine-primed tandem CD19/CD22 dual-targeted CAR-T therapy with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors maintenance in one patient with multiline-resistant refractory PCNSL and the patient has maintained complete remission (CR) for a 35-month follow-up period. This case represents the first successful treatment of multiline resistant refractory PCNSL with long-term CR and without inducing ICANS under tandem CD19/CD22 bispecific CAR-T therapy followed by maintenance therapy with PD-1 and BTK inhibitors. This study shows tremendous potential in the treatment of PCNSL and offers a look toward ongoing clinical studies.

Citations

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