Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Gastrointestinal cancer

Association of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines with Gastric Cancer Risk: A Case-Cohort Study: Seungju Baek, Eunjung Park, Eun Young Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(3):760-769. Published online November 19, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.718

Purpose
This study aimed to assess the association between inflammatory cytokines and the risk of gastric cancer (GC).
Materials and Methods
We conducted a case-cohort study using Korean National Cancer Center Community (KNCCC) cohort data to investigate the associations between pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators, and GC risk in the Korean general population (GC cases: n=159, subcohort: n=822). Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured using Quantikine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model.
Results
Compared to those with the lowest serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels, the risk of GC significantly increased in the second (hazard ratio [HR], 3.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.73 to 6.99), third (HR, 3.74; 95% CI, 1.91 to 7.29), and fourth quartiles (HR, 3.79; 95% CI, 1.93 to 7.48). Elevated levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) (HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.21) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (HR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.73 to 3.58) were also associated with an increased risk of GC.
Conclusion
The findings of this study indicate associations between pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ) and the risk of GC, suggesting that regulating these cytokine levels may aid in GC prevention.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress Markers in Relation to Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Case–Cohort Study in a Korean Population
Eunjung Park, Seungju Baek, Jin-Kyoung Oh, Min Kyung Lim, Eun Young Park
Cancers.2026; 18(3): 470. CrossRef
Beyond monotherapy: The evolving role of CTLA-4 in combination immunotherapy for gastrointestinal cancers
Fuyuan Ma, Jingyuan Ma, Yaofan Lu, Jingxuan Xu, Jiale Mao, Ziyue Yin, Zikun Ni, Xueqin Zhao, Biao Huang, Yuan Qin
The American Journal of the Medical Sciences.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Serum pro-inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma
Le Ren, Jun Liu, Ya-Yun Xu, Zhen-Wang Shi
World Journal of Clinical Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Inflammation and detection: Rethinking the biomarker landscape in gastric cancer
Keykavous Parang, Koosha Paydary
World Journal of Clinical Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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2 Web of Science
4 Crossref

Lung and Thoracic cancer

Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Lung Cancer Risk: A Propensity Score Analyses: Byungmi Kim, Eun Young Park, Jinsun Kim, Eunjung Park, Jin-Kyoung Oh, Min Kyung Lim; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):130-139. Published online March 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.1106

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
Occupational exposure to pesticides is thought to be associated with lung cancer, but studies have yielded conflicting results. We performed a propensity score (PS) based analyses to evaluate the relationship between occupational exposure to pesticides and lung cancer risk in the Korea National Cancer Center community-based cohort study (KNCCCS).
Materials and Methods
During the follow-up period, 123 incidental lung cancer cases were identified, of the 7,471 subjects in the final statistical analysis. Information about occupational exposure to pesticides and other factors was collected at enrollment (2003-2010). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were conducted. Four PS-based approaches (i.e., matching, stratification, inverse probability-of-treatment weighting, and the use of the PS as a covariate) were adopted, and the results were compared. PS was obtained from the logistic regression model. Absolute standardized differences according to occupational exposure to pesticides were provided to evaluate the balance in baseline characteristics.
Results
In the Cox proportional hazards regression model, the hazard ratio (HR) for lung cancer according to occupational exposure to pesticides was 1.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 2.98). With all the propensity score matching (PSM) methods, the HRs for lung cancer based on exposure to pesticides ranged from 1.65 (95% CI, 1.04 to 2.64) (continuous term with PSM) to 2.84 (95% CI, 1.81 to 4.46) (stratification by 5 strata of the PS). The results varied slightly based on the method used, but the direction and statistical significance remained the same.
Conclusion
Our results strengthen the evidence for an association between occupational exposure to pesticides and the risk of lung cancer.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Jacob Gerken, Gear Thomas Vincent, Demi Zapata, Ileana G. Barron, Isain Zapata
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Xiangyu Jia, Xiaotong Li, Fenfang Deng, Jia He, Qin Li, Chongshan Guo, Jun Yuan, Lei Tan
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Jianni Cong, Jiahuang Chi, Junli Zeng, Yilan Lin
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Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health.2024; 79(7-8): 263. CrossRef
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12,431 View
223 Download
15 Web of Science
16 Crossref

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