Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Treatment Outcome after Fractionated Conformal Radiotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Child-Pugh Classification B in Korea (KROG 16-05): Sun Hyun Bae, Hee Chul Park, Won Sup Yoon, Sang Min Yoon, In-Hye Jung, Ik Jae Lee, Jun Won Kim, Jinsil Seong, Tae Hyun Kim, Taek-Keun Nam, Youngmin Choi, Sun Young Lee, Hong Seok Jang, Dong Soo Lee, Jin Hee Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1589-1599. Published online April 10, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.687

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Purpose
There is limited data on radiotherapy (RT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with Child-Pugh classification B (CP-B). This study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcomes of fractionated conformal RT in HCC patients with CP-B.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the data of HCC patients with CP-B treated with RT between 2009 and 2014 at 13 institutions in Korea. HCC was diagnosed by the Korea guideline of 2009, and modern RT techniques were applied. Fraction size was ≤ 5 Gy and the biologically effective dose (BED) ≥ 40 Gy10 (α/β = 10 Gy). A total of 184 patients were included in this study.
Results
Initial CP score was seven in 62.0% of patients, eight in 31.0%, and nine in 7.0%. Portal vein tumor thrombosis was present in 66.3% of patients. The BED ranged from 40.4 to 89.6 Gy10 (median, 56.0 Gy10). After RT completion, 48.4% of patients underwent additional treatment. The median overall survival (OS) was 9.4 months. The local progression-free survival and OS rates at 1 year were 58.9% and 39.8%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, non-classic radiation-induced liver disease (RILD) (p < 0.001) and additional treatment (p < 0.001) were the most significant prognostic factors of OS. Among 132 evaluable patients without progressive disease, 19.7% experienced non-classic RILD. Normal liver volume was the most predictive dosimetric parameter of non-classic RILD.
Conclusion
Fractionated conformal RT showed favorable OS with a moderate risk non-classic RILD. The individual radiotherapy for CP-B could be cautiously applied weighing the survival benefits and the RILD risks.

Citations

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Development and validation of a nomogram for radiation-induced hepatic toxicity after intensity modulated radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study
Qiaoyuan Wu, Yudan Wang, Yuxin Wei, Zhengqiang Yang, Kai Chen, Jianxu Li, Liqing Li, Tingshi Su, Shixiong Liang
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology.2024; 54(6): 699. CrossRef
Managing hepatocellular carcinoma across the stages: efficacy and outcomes of stereotactic body radiotherapy
Ahmed Allam Mohamed, Marie-Luise Berres, Philipp Bruners, Sven Arke Lang, Christian Trautwein, Georg Wiltberger, Alexandra Barabasch, Michael Eble
Strahlentherapie und Onkologie.2024; 200(8): 715. CrossRef
Clinical outcomes and safety of external beam radiotherapy with extensive intrahepatic targets for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A single institutional clinical experience
Sunmin Park, Chai Hong Rim, Won Sup Yoon
Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Role of rapid arc-image-guided radiotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: A study from tertiary care center in Punjab, India
Manjinder Singh Sidhu, Ramandeep, Sandhya Sood, Ritu Aggarwal, Kulbir Singh, Divyanshi Sood
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2023; 19(3): 639. CrossRef
Non-classic radiation-induced liver disease after intensity-modulated radiotherapy for Child–Pugh grade B patients with locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Jian-Xu Li, Rui-Jun Zhang, Mo-Qin Qiu, Liu-Ying Yan, Mei-Ling He, Mei-Ying Long, Jian-Hong Zhong, Hai-Yan Lu, Hong-Mei Zhou, Bang-De Xiang, Shi-Xiong Liang
Radiation Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Long-term characterization of MRI-morphologic alterations after active motion-compensated liver SBRT: a multi-institutional pooled analysis
Constantin Dreher, Gustavo R. Sarria, Georgia Miebach, Christel Weiss, Daniel Buergy, Paulina Wojtal, Anoshirwan A. Tavakoli, David Krug, Hans Oppitz, Frank A. Giordano, Marcus Both, Frank Lohr, Jürgen Dunst, Oliver Blanck, Judit Boda-Heggemann
Acta Oncologica.2023; 62(3): 281. CrossRef
Radiotherapy trend in elderly hepatocellular carcinoma: retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed between 2005 and 2017
Bong Kyung Bae, Jeong Il Yu, Hee Chul Park, Myung Ji Goh, Yong-Han Paik
Radiation Oncology Journal.2023; 41(2): 98. CrossRef
Radiotherapy plus anti-PD1 versus radiotherapy for hepatic toxicity in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Rui-Jun Zhang, Hong-Mei Zhou, Hai-Yan Lu, Hong-Ping Yu, Wei-Zhong Tang, Mo-Qin Qiu, Liu-Ying Yan, Mei-Ying Long, Ting-Shi Su, Bang-De Xiang, Mei-Ling He, Xiao-Ting Wang, Shi-Xiong Liang, Jian-Xu Li
Radiation Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Low-dose radiotherapy combined with dual PD-L1 and VEGFA blockade elicits antitumor response in hepatocellular carcinoma mediated by activated intratumoral CD8+ exhausted-like T cells
Siqi Li, Kun Li, Kang Wang, Haoyuan Yu, Xiangyang Wang, Mengchen Shi, Zhixing Liang, Zhou Yang, Yongwei Hu, Yang Li, Wei Liu, Hua Li, Shuqun Cheng, Linsen Ye, Yang Yang
Nature Communications.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for pulmonary oligometastases from primary hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter and retrospective analysis (KROG 17-08)
In Young Jo, Hee Chul Park, Eun Seog Kim, Seung-Gu Yeo, Myungsoo Kim, Jinsil Seong, Jun Won Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Won Sup Yoon, Bae Kwon Jeong, Sung Hwan Kim, Jong Hoon Lee
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology.2022; 52(6): 616. CrossRef
Efficacy and feasibility of surgery and external radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal invasion: A meta-analysis
Han Ah Lee, Yeon Seok Seo, In-Soo Shin, Won Sup Yoon, Hye Yoon Lee, Chai Hong Rim
International Journal of Surgery.2022; 104: 106753. CrossRef
Trend Analysis and Prediction of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Korea
Hyeong Min Park, Young-Joo Won, Mee Joo Kang, Sang-Jae Park, Sun-Whe Kim, Kyu-Won Jung, Sung-Sik Han
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Radiofrequency ablation and stereotactic body radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: should they clash or reconcile?
Chai Hong Rim, Hye Yoon Lee, Jung Sun Kim, Hakyoung Kim
International Journal of Radiation Biology.2021; 97(2): 111. CrossRef
Therapeutic Decision Making in Hepatocellular Carcinoma According to Age and Child–Pugh Class: A Nationwide Cohort Analysis in South Korea
Sunmin Park, Chai Hong Rim, Young Kul Jung, Won Sup Yoon, Alessandro Granito
Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
Benefits of Local Treatment Including External Radiotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Invasion
Han Lee, Sunmin Park, Yeon Seo, Won Yoon, Chai Rim
Biology.2021; 10(4): 326. CrossRef
Phase I Radiation Dose-Escalation Study to Investigate the Dose-Limiting Toxicity of Concurrent Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Yeona Cho, Jun Won Kim, Ja Kyung Kim, Kwan Sik Lee, Jung Il Lee, Hyun Woong Lee, Kwang-Hun Lee, Seung-Moon Joo, Jin Hong Lim, Ik Jae Lee
Cancers.2020; 12(6): 1612. CrossRef
Do Biliary Complications after Proton Beam Therapy for Perihilar Hepatocellular Carcinoma Matter?
Gyu Sang Yoo, Jeong Il Yu, Hee Chul Park, Dongho Hyun, Woo Kyoung Jeong, Ho Yeong Lim, Moon Seok Choi, Sang Yun Ha
Cancers.2020; 12(9): 2395. CrossRef
Combinational Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Radiotherapy, Immune Checkpoint Blockade and Beyond
Yun Hua Lee, David Tai, Connie Yip, Su Pin Choo, Valerie Chew
Frontiers in Immunology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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Impact of Regional Nodal Irradiation for Breast Cancer Patients with Supraclavicular and/or Internal Mammary Lymph Node Involvement: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study (KROG 16-14): Kyubo Kim, Yuri Jeong, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jin Ho Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Su Ssan Kim, Chang-Ok Suh, Yong Bae Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Won Park, Jihye Cha, Mison Chun, Dong Soo Lee, Sun Young Lee, Jin Hee Kim, Hae Jin Park, Wonguen Jung; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(4):1500-1508. Published online March 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.575

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Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer with ipsilateral supraclavicular (SCL) and/or internal mammary (IMN) lymph node involvement.
Materials and Methods
A total of 353 patients from 11 institutions were included. One hundred and thirty-six patients had SCL involvement, 148 had IMN involvement, and 69 had both. All patients received neoadjuvant systemic therapy followed by breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy, and postoperative RT to whole breast/chest wall. As for regional lymph node irradiation, SCL RT was given to 344 patients, and IMN RT to 236 patients. The median RT dose was 50.4 Gy.
Results
The median follow-up duration was 61 months (range, 7 to 173 months). In-field progression was present in SCL (n=20) and/or IMN (n=7). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival rates were 57.8% and 75.1%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, both SCL/IMN involvement, number of axillary lymph node ≥ 4, triple-negative subtype, and mastectomy were significant adverse prognosticators for DFS (p=0.022, p=0.001, p=0.001, and p=0.004, respectively). Regarding the impact of regional nodal irradiation, SCL RT dose ≥ 54 Gy was not associated with DFS (5-year rate, 52.9% vs. 50.9%; p=0.696) in SCL-involved patients, and the receipt of IMN RT was not associated with DFS (5-year rate, 56.1% vs. 78.1%; p=0.099) in IMN-involved patients.
Conclusion
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery and postoperative RT achieved an acceptable in-field regional control rate in patients with SCL and/or IMN involvement. However, a higher RT dose to SCL or IMN RT was not associated with the improved DFS in these patients.

Citations

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Internal mammary regional management after neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer
Zhao Bi, Chun-Hui Zheng, Tong-Yue Ren, Yong-Sheng Wang
International Journal of Surgery.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Oncological outcomes in patients with residual triple-negative breast cancer after preoperative chemotherapy
Hyunki Park, Haeyoung Kim, Won Park, Won Kyung Cho, Nalee Kim, Tae Gyu Kim, Young-Hyuck Im, Jin Seok Ahn, Yeon Hee Park, Ji-Yeon Kim, Seok Jin Nam, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Jonghan Yu, Byung Joo Chae, Sei Kyung Lee, Jai-Min Ryu
Radiation Oncology Journal.2024; 42(3): 210. CrossRef
Clinical outcomes after post-operative radiotherapy for breast cancer patients presenting with ipsilateral supraclavicular metastasis: considerations on the cranial border of irradiation field
Xiaofang Wang, Xiaomeng Zhang, Li Zhang, Jin Meng, Wei Shi, Xingxing Chen, Zhaozhi Yang, Xin Mei, Xiaoli Yu, Zhen Zhang, Zhimin Shao, Xiaomao Guo, Jinli Ma
Breast Cancer.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical audit of breast cancer patients treated with helical tomotherapy for irradiation of the internal mammary chain
Garima Shrivastav, Debanjali Datta, Tabassum Wadasadawala, Pallavi Rane, Subhajit Panda, Rima Pathak, Libin Scaria, Revathy Krishnamurthy, Rajiv Sarin
Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The optimal regional irradiation volume for breast cancer patients: A comprehensive systematic review and network meta-analysis of published studies
Wei-Xiang Qi, Lu Cao, Cheng Xu, Gang Cai, Jiayi Chen
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Contemporary Outcomes After Multimodality Therapy in Patients With Breast Cancer Presenting With Ipsilateral Supraclavicular Node Involvement
Kevin Diao, Lauren M. Andring, Carlos H. Barcenas, Puneet Singh, Huong (Carisa) Le-Petross, Valerie K. Reed, Jay P. Reddy, Elizabeth S. Bloom, Neelofur R. Ahmad, Lauren L. Mayo, George H. Perkins, Melissa P. Mitchell, Kevin T. Nead, Welela Tereffe, Benjam
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2022; 112(1): 66. CrossRef
Locoregional Management and Prognostic Factors in Breast Cancer With Ipsilateral Internal Mammary and Axillary Lymph Node Involvement
Lauren M. Andring, Kevin Diao, Susie Sun, Miral Patel, Gary J. Whitman, Pamela Schlembach, Isadora Arzu, Melissa M. Joyner, Simona F. Shaitelman, Karen Hoffman, Michael C. Stauder, Benjamin D. Smith, Wendy A. Woodward
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2022; 113(3): 552. CrossRef
Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow – Are We Any Closer to Knowing Which Patients Will Benefit from Adjuvant Internal Mammary Nodal Irradiation?
C.A. Johnson, J. Evans
Clinical Oncology.2022; 34(8): 534. CrossRef
Dynamics of circulating tumor DNA during postoperative radiotherapy in patients with residual triple-negative breast cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a prospective observational study
Haeyoung Kim, Yeon Jeong Kim, Donghyun Park, Woong-Yang Park, Doo Ho Choi, Won Park, Won kyung Cho, Nalee Kim
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2021; 189(1): 167. CrossRef
Cervical Lymph Node Involvement above the Supraclavicular Fossa in Breast Cancer: Comparison with Stage IIIC (KROG 18-02)
Jae Sik Kim, Kyubo Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jin Ho Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Su Ssan Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Jee Suk Chang, Doo Ho Choi, Won Park, Tae Hyun Kim, Mison Chun, Jihye Cha, Jin Hee Kim, Dong Soo Lee, Sun Young Lee, Hae Jin Park
Journal of Breast Cancer.2020; 23(2): 194. CrossRef
Aggressive Surgical Excision of Supraclavicular Lymph Node Did Not Improve the Outcomes of Breast Cancer With Supraclavicular Lymph Node Involvement (KROG 16-14)
Kyubo Kim, Su Ssan Kim, Kyung Hwan Shin, Jin Ho Kim, Seung Do Ahn, Doo Ho Choi, Won Park, Sun Young Lee, Mison Chun, Jin Hee Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Jihye Cha, Hae Jin Park, Dong Soo Lee, Wonguen Jung
Clinical Breast Cancer.2020; 20(1): 51. CrossRef
Combined Therapy Can Improve the Outcomes of Breast Cancer with Isolated Supraclavicular Lymph Node Involvement

Tianyi Ma, Yan Mao, Haibo Wang
Cancer Management and Research.2020; Volume 12: 11857. CrossRef

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Dummy Run of Quality Assurance Program before Prospective Study of Hippocampus-Sparing Whole-Brain Radiotherapy and Simultaneous Integrated Boost for Multiple Brain Metastases from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Korean Radiation Oncology Group (KROG) 17-06 Study: Eunah Chung, Jae Myoung Noh, Kyu Chan Lee, Jin Hee Kim, Weon Kuu Chung, Yang-Gun Suh, Jung Ae Lee, Ki Ho Seol, Hong Gyun Wu, Yeon Sil Kim, O Kyu Noh, Jae Won Park, Dong Soo Lee, Jihae Lee, Young Suk Kim, Woo-Yoon Park, Min Kyu Kang, Sunmi Jo, Yong Chan Ahn; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):1001-1010. Published online October 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.415

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
Lung Cancer Subcommittee of Korean Radiation Oncology Group (KROG) has recently launched a prospective clinical trial (KROG 17-06) of hippocampus-sparing whole brain radiotherapy (HS-WBRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) in treating multiple brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer. In order to improve trial quality, dummy run studies among the participating institutions were designed. This work reported the results of two-step dummy run procedures of the KROG 17-06 study.
Materials and Methods
Two steps tested hippocampus contouring variability and radiation therapy planning compliance. In the first step, the variation of the hippocampus delineation was investigated for two representative cases using the Dice similarity coefficients. In the second step, the participating institutions were requested to generate a HS-WBRT with SIB treatment plan for another representative case. The compliance of the treatment plans to the planning protocol was evaluated.
Results
In the first step, the median Dice similarity coefficients of the hippocampus contours for two other dummy run cases changed from 0.669 (range, 0.073 to 0.712) to 0.690 (range, 0.522 to 0.750) and from 0.291 (range, 0.219 to 0.522) to 0.412 (range, 0.264 to 0.598) after providing the hippocampus contouring feedback. In the second step, with providing additional plan priority and extended dose constraints to the target volumes and normal structures, we observed the improved compliance of the treatment plans to the planning protocol.
Conclusion
The dummy run studies demonstrated the notable inter-institutional variability in delineating the hippocampus and treatment plan generation, which could be decreased through feedback from the trial center.

Citations

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Radiotherapy trial quality assurance processes: a systematic review
Chloe Brooks, Elizabeth Miles, Peter J Hoskin
The Lancet Oncology.2024; 25(3): e104. CrossRef
Durvalumab with chemoradiotherapy for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer
Sehhoon Park, Jae Myoung Noh, Yoon-La Choi, Sang Ah Chi, Kyunga Kim, Hyun Ae Jung, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn, Jong-Mu Sun
European Journal of Cancer.2022; 169: 42. CrossRef
Region-Specific Effects of Fractionated Low-Dose Versus Single-Dose Radiation on Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Neuroinflammation
Zoé Schmal, Claudia E. Rübe
Cancers.2022; 14(22): 5477. CrossRef
Non–coplanar whole brain radiotherapy is an effective modality for parotid sparing
Jaehyeon Park, Jae Won Park, Ji Woon Yea
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2019; 36(1): 36. CrossRef

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Case Reports

PTEN Mutation Identified in Patient Diagnosed with Simultaneous Multiple Cancers: Hye Sung Won, Eun Deok Chang, Sae Jung Na, In Yong Whang, Dong Soo Lee, Sun Hyong You, Yong Seok Kim, Jeong Soo Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(1):402-407. Published online February 27, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2017.579

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PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome is a spectrum of disorders characterized by unique phenotypic features including multiple hamartomas caused by mutations of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN. Cowden syndrome and Bannayan–Riley–Ruvalcaba syndrome are representative diseases, and both have several common clinical features and differences. Because PTEN mutations are associated with an increased risk of malignancy including breast, thyroid, endometrial, and renal cancers, cancer surveillance is an important element of disease management. We report a germline mutation of the PTEN (c.723dupT, exon 7) identified in a young woman with a simultaneous occurrence of breast cancer, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and follicular neoplasm. This case suggests that it is critical for clinicians to recognize the phenotypic features associated with these syndromes to accurately diagnose them and provide preventive care.

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Synchronous and metachronous thyroid cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma in a premenopausal patient with Cowden syndrome
Belinda Asare, Babita Panigrahi
Radiology Case Reports.2023; 18(5): 1918. CrossRef
Molecular Action of Herbal Antioxidants in Regulation of Cancer Growth: Scope for Novel Anticancer Drugs
Manjula Vinayak
Nutrition and Cancer.2018; 70(8): 1199. CrossRef

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Dermatomyositis in a Patient with Cholangiocarcinoma Detected by an [¹⁸F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography Scan: Koung Jin Suh, Jin Kyun Park, Seongcheol Cho, Hyunkyung Park, Hae Woon Baek, Kyoungbun Lee, Dong Soo Lee, Kyung-Hun Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):848-852. Published online March 18, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.310

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Cholangiocarcinoma with paraneoplastic dermatomyositis (DM) is extremely rare, and the whole body positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) finding of paraneoplastic DM is rarely reported. We report a 66-year-old woman with metastatic cholangiocarcinoma, initially presented with bilateral proximal muscle uptake on PET-CT without clinical muscle symptoms. The initial interpretation of the high muscle uptake was metastasis to the muscles. However, while awaiting for chemotherapy, muscle weakness evolved and rapidly progressed. The level of creatine phosphokinase was significantly elevated. Electromyography revealed moderate myopathy, and a muscle biopsy showed degenerating myofibers with variable sizes. The diagnosis of paraneoplastic dermatomyositis was made. This case highlights that, although rare, paraneoplastic dermatomyositis can be present with cholangiocarcinoma. Also, muscle inflammation can precede the clinical muscle symptoms, and paraneoplastic DM should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis in the assessment of cancer patients who present with abnormal muscle tracer uptake in PET-CT scans.

Citations

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The Constellation of Risk Factors and Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Cholangiocarcinoma: Integrating the Endocrine Panel Amid Tumour-Related Biology (A Narrative Review)
Mihai-Lucian Ciobica, Bianca-Andreea Sandulescu, Liana-Maria Chicea, Mihaela Iordache, Maria-Laura Groseanu, Mara Carsote, Claudiu Nistor, Ana-Maria Radu
Biology.2024; 13(9): 662. CrossRef
Dermatomyositis with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a case report and data mining based on machine learning
Xusheng Zhang, Bendong Chen
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Paraneoplastic Myositis in a Patient With Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Case Report
Andy Y. Wu, Diana Samberg, Thomas R. Radomski
Annals of Internal Medicine: Clinical Cases.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Dermatomyositis on 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT in a Patient With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Junhao Wu, Lin Qiu, Yingwei Wang, Chunyin Zhang
Clinical Nuclear Medicine.2022; 47(2): 149. CrossRef
F-18-FDG PET/CT findings of paraneoplastic dermatoses
Kazuyoshi Suga
Japanese Journal of Radiology.2022; 40(9): 863. CrossRef
A rare case of cholangiocarcinoma presenting with paraneoplastic syndrome
Stephanie Yung, Michael Arendse, Frank Weilert, Bong Suk Ko
GastroHep.2021; 3(5): 326. CrossRef
Paraneoplastic syndromes in cholangiocarcinoma
Saad Ur Rahman, Muhammad Khawar Sana, Zabreen Tahir, Aamir Ali, Pir Ahmad Shah
World Journal of Hepatology.2020; 12(11): 897. CrossRef
Paraneoplastic fibrillary glomerulonephritis associated with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: When diagnosis of a rare kidney disease leads to successful hepatic cancer treatment
Gabrielle Normand, Anne Jolivot, Maud Rabeyrin, Valérie Hervieu, Pierre-Jean Valette, Jean-Yves Scoazec, Jean-Michel Gougon, Laurent Juillard, Jérôme Dumortier
Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology.2017; 41(1): e8. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Patterns of Failure Following Multimodal Treatment for Medulloblastoma: Long-Term Follow-up Results at a Single Institution: Dong Soo Lee, Jaeho Cho, Se Hoon Kim, Dong-Seok Kim, Kyu Won Shim, Chuhl Joo Lyu, Jung Woo Han, Chang-Ok Suh; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):879-888. Published online December 8, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.067

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Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the long-term results and appropriateness of radiation therapy (RT) for medulloblastoma (MB) at a single institution. Materials and Methods We analyzed the clinical outcomes of 106 patients with MB who received RT between January 1992 and October 2009. The median age was 7 years (range, 0 to 50 years), and the proportion of M0, M1, M2, and M3 stages was 60.4%, 8.5%, 4.7%, and 22.6%, respectively. The median total craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and posterior fossa tumor bed dose in 102 patients (96.2%) treated with CSI was 36 Gy and 54 Gy, respectively. Results The median follow-up period in survivors was 132 months (range, 31 to 248 months). A gradual improvement in survival outcomes was observed, with 5-year overall survival rates of 61.5% in 1990s increasing to 73.6% in 2000s. A total of 29 recurrences (27.4%) developed at the following sites: five (17.2%) in the tumor bed; five (17.2%) in the posterior fossa other than the tumor bed; nine (31%) in the supratentorium; and six (20.7%) in the spinal subarachnoid space only. The four remaining patients showed multiple site recurrences. Among 12 supratentorial recurrences, five cases recurred in the subfrontal areas. Although the frequency of posterior fossa/tumor bed recurrences was significantly high among patients treated with subtotal resection, other site (other intracranial/spinal) recurrences were more common among patients treated with gross tumor removal (p=0.016). There was no case of spinal subarachnoid space relapse from desmoplastic/extensive nodular histological subtypes. Conclusion Long-term follow-up results and patterns of failure confirmed the importance of optimal RT dose and field arrangement. More tailored multimodal strategies and proper CSI technique may be the cornerstones for improving treatment outcomes in MB patients.

Citations

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Remote Supratentorial Recurrent Medulloblastoma: Case Study and Literature Review
Asimina Dominari, Elias Antoniades, Antonio Capiccelo, Emmanuil Hatzipantelis, Nikolaos Foroglou
Asian Journal of Neurosurgery.2022; 17(02): 286. CrossRef
Sequential improvement in paediatric medulloblastoma outcomes in a low-and-middle-income country setting over three decades
Johann Riedemann, Anthony Figaji, Alan Davidson, Clare Stannard, Komala Pillay, Tracy Kilborn, Jeannette Parkes
South African Journal of Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Multifocal recurrence of medulloblastoma: a long follow-up case study
Benny Zulkarnaien, Edwin Suharlim, Eka Susanto, Soehartati Argadikoesoema Gondhowiardjo
Medical Journal of Indonesia.2020; 29(1): 93. CrossRef
Radiotherapy Advances in Paediatric Medulloblastoma Treatment
L. Padovani, G. Horan, T. Ajithkumar
Clinical Oncology.2019; 31(3): 171. CrossRef
Craniospinal irradiation using helical tomotherapy for central nervous system tumors
Sanziana R.I. Schiopu, Gregor Habl, Matthias Häfner, Sonja Katayama, Klaus Herfarth, Juergen Debus, Florian Sterzing
Journal of Radiation Research.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Highly Conformal Craniospinal Radiotherapy Techniques Can Underdose the Cranial Clinical Target Volume if Leptomeningeal Extension through Skull Base Exit Foramina is not Contoured
D.J. Noble, T. Ajithkumar, J. Lambert, I. Gleeson, M.V. Williams, S.J. Jefferies
Clinical Oncology.2017; 29(7): 439. CrossRef
Long-term toxic effects of proton radiotherapy for paediatric medulloblastoma: a phase 2 single-arm study
Torunn I Yock, Beow Y Yeap, David H Ebb, Elizabeth Weyman, Bree R Eaton, Nicole A Sherry, Robin M Jones, Shannon M MacDonald, Margaret B Pulsifer, Beverly Lavally, Annah N Abrams, Mary S Huang, Karen J Marcus, Nancy J Tarbell
The Lancet Oncology.2016; 17(3): 287. CrossRef

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Predicting Survival in Patients with Advanced Non-squamous Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Validating the Extent of Metastasis: Dong Soo Lee, Jin Hyoung Kang, Chang Geol Lee, Seoung Jun Kim, Young Jin Choi, Kyo Young Lee, Yeon Sil Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2013;45(2):95-102. Published online June 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2013.45.2.95

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PURPOSE
A number of factors related to overall survival (OS) have been addressed in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study was conducted to determine the impact of whole-body metastatic regions on survival outcome in advanced non-squamous NSCLC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between March 2005 and February 2011, 112 eligible patients with newly confirmed stage IV non-squamous NSCLC, available for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status 18-21 analysis, and accessible for the determination of pretreatment whole-body metastatic regions were enrolled in this retrospective study. The total number of synchronous metastatic regions was scored according to the following disease sites: abdomen/pelvis, lung to lung/pulmonary lymphangitic spread, bone, pleura/pleural effusion/pericardial effusion, neck/axillary lymph nodes, other soft tissue, brain.
RESULTS
The median age of the cohort was 65 years (range, 31 to 88 years). The median whole-body metastatic score was 2 (range, 1 to 6), and bone and lung to lung were the most common metastatic sites. EGFR mutations were observed in 40 (35.7%) patients with a deletion in exon 19 and Leu858Arg mutation in exon 21 being detected in 16 (40.0%) and 19 (47.5%) patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis for OS revealed that treatment factors (p=0.005), performance status (p=0.006), whole-body metastatic score (p<0.001), and EGFR mutation status (p=0.095) were significantly or marginally associated with OS.
CONCLUSION
The results of the present study demonstrated that whole-body metastatic extent strongly affects survival outcome, even after adjustment for other significant variables in advanced non-squamous NSCLC. The clinical validity of more curative multimodal approaches in cohorts with limited metastases remains to be explored.

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The Relationship between Expression of the Sodium/iodide Symporter Gene and the Status of Hormonal Receptors in Human Breast Cancer Tissue: Hyun Jung Oh, June-Key Chung, Joo Hyun Kang, Won Jun Kang, Dong Young Noh, In Ae Park, Jae Min Jeong, Dong Soo Lee, Myung Chul Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2005;37(4):247-250. Published online August 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2005.37.4.247

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

It has been reported that the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) gene is expressed in several breast cancer tissues, suggesting the possibility of radionuclide imaging and therapy. However, the regulatory mechanism of NIS gene expression in breast cancer is not yet understood. To assess the relationship between the hormonal status and the NIS expression in breast cancer tissue, we investigated the NIS expression and correlated it to the expression of the thyrotropin receptor (thyroid stimulating hormone receptor, TSH-R), the estrogen receptor (ER) and the progesterone receptor (PR) in human breast cancer tissues.

Materials and Methods

Breast cancer tissues were obtained from 44 patients. Pathological examination showed 2 cases of Grade I, 17 of Grade II, 22 of Grade III, and 3 of unknown grade. We measured the expression of NIS and TSH-R genes by using RT-PCR and we measured the status of ER and PR by using immunohistochemistry.

Results

The NIS gene was expressed in 15 (34%) of the 44 breast cancer tissues. The NIS gene was expressed in 32% of the cases with TSH-R gene expression. The NIS gene was expressed in 40% of the breast cancer tissues with a positive PR and in 31% with a negative PR (p>0.05). It was positive for PR in 18% of the cases and negative for PR in 39% of the cases (p>0.05).

Conclusion

The NIS gene is expressed in approximately one-third of the human breast cancer tissues. Its expression was not related to the presence of the TSH-R gene or hormonal receptors, ER and PR.

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Benign thyroid disease and the risk of breast cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Mingyue Han, Yao Wang, Yuanhui Jin, Xue Zhao, Haiying Cui, Guixia Wang, Xiaokun Gang
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Links between Breast and Thyroid Cancer: Hormones, Genetic Susceptibility and Medical Interventions
Man Lu, Hanqing Liu, Bilian Zheng, Shengrong Sun, Chuang Chen
Cancers.2022; 14(20): 5117. CrossRef
Competitive Endogenous Role of the LINC00511/miR-185-3p Axis and miR-301a-3p From Liquid Biopsy as Molecular Markers for Breast Cancer Diagnosis
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The correlation between breast cancer and urinary iodine excretion levels
Fatma Umit Malya, Huseyin Kadioglu, Mustafa Hasbahceci, Kemal Dolay, Mehmet Guzel, Yeliz Emine Ersoy
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Different expression of sodium–iodide importer (NIS) between lactating breast and thyroid tissues may be due to structural difference of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR)
X.-Z. Shi, L. Xue, X. Jin, P. Xu, S. Jia, H.-M. Shen
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Anna Angelousi, Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis, Evangelia Zapanti, Afroditi Nonni, Eftuxios Ktenas, Aimilia Mantzou, Konstantinos Kontzoglou, Grigorios Kouraklis
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Sodium iodide symporter (NIS) in extrathyroidal malignancies: focus on breast and urological cancer
Salvatore Micali, Stefania Bulotta, Cinzia Puppin, Angelo Territo, Michele Navarra, Giampaolo Bianchi, Giuseppe Damante, Sebastiano Filetti, Diego Russo
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Usefulness of Additional Delayed Regional F-18 Fluorodeoxy-glucose Positron Emission Tomography in the Lymph Node Staging of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients: Young So, June-Key Chung, Jae Min Jeong, Dong Soo Lee, Myung Chul Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2005;37(2):114-121. Published online April 30, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2005.37.2.114

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

In this study, we examined whether additional, delayed regional FDG PET scans could increase the accuracy of the lymph node staging of NSCLC patients.

Materials and Methods

Among 87 patients who underwent open thoracotomy or mediastinoscopic biopsy under the suspicion of NSCLC, 35 (32 NSCLC and 3 infectious diseases) who had visible lymph nodes on both preoperative whole body scan and regional FDG PET scan were included. The following 3 calculations were made for each biopsy-proven, visible lymph node: maximum SUV of whole body scan (WB SUV), maximum SUV of delayed chest regional scan (Reg SUV), and the percent change of SUV between WB and regional scans (% SUV Change). ROC curve analyses were performed for WB SUVs, Reg SUVs and % SUV Changes.

Results

Seventy lymph nodes (29 benign, 41 malignant) were visible on both preoperative whole bodyscan and regional scan. The means of WB SUVs, Reg SUVs and % SUV Changes of the 41 malignant nodes, 3.71±1.08, 5.18±1.60, and 42.59±33.41%, respectively, were all significantly higher than those of the 29 benign nodes, 2.45±0.73, 3.00±0.89, and 22.71±20.17%, respectively. ROC curve analysis gave sensitivity and specificity values of 80.5% and 82.8% at a cutoff of 2.89 (AUC 0.839) for WB SUVs, 87.8% and 82.8% at a cutoff of 3.61 (AUC 0.891) for Reg SUVs, and 87.8% and 41.4% at a cutoff of 12.3% (AUC 0.671) for % SUV Changes.

Conclusion

Additional, delayed regional FDG PET scans may improve the accuracy of lymph node staging of whole body FDG PET scan by providing additional criteria of Reg SUV and % SUV Change.

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KSNM60 in Clinical Nuclear Oncology
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Stephen P Povoski, Douglas A Murrey, Sabrina M Smith, Edward W Martin, Nathan C Hall
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Clinical Value of Whole Body F-18 FDG PET in The Management of Recurrent Colorectal Malignancy: Seok Byung Lim, Hyo Seong Choi, Sung Bum Kang, Seung Chul Heo, Young Jin Park, Seung Yong Jeong, Kyu Joo Park, Han Kwang Yang, Kyung Hoon Hwang, Jae Min Jeong, Dong Soo Lee, June Key Chung, Myung Chul Lee, Keon Wook Kang, Jae Gahb Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35(4):349-354. Published online August 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2003.35.4.349

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of whole body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in the patient with a recurrence of a previously treated colorectal malignancy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fifty-eight cases were scanned using PET at the PET Center of Seoul National University Hospital between May 1995 and Aug 2002. All the patients had had a previous operation for a colorectal malignancy. The PET scans were performed for the following reasons: - investigation of a recurrence (n=12), investigation of the operability (n=38) and clinical follow up (n=8). In these 58 cases, 47 of the CT scans and 55 of the CEA (Carcinoembryonic antigen) were checked prior to the FDG- PET. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the PET scans were calculated, and compared with those of conventional CT scan and CEA, which were also compared with the previous reported data. Eight cases, whose managements were influenced by the PET findings, were analyzed.
RESULTS
Recurrences, or metastases, of colorectal cancer developed in 51 cases, with 49 of these being detected by the PET. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the PET were 96.6 (56/58), 96.1 (49/51) and 100% (7/7), respectively. The PPV and NPV of the PET were 100 (49/49) and 77.8% (7/9), respectively. The accuracy and sensitivity of the PET were higher than those of the CT (85.1 and 88.1%), with the differences being statistically significant (p-value 0.001 and 0.003, respectively).
CONCLUSION
It is concluded that a FDG-PET scan is a more accurate and sensitive diagnostic tool than a CT scan for the detection of a recurrence or metastasis in a colorectal malignancy. In addition, a FDG-PET may alter the management of patients with recurrent colorectal cancer. Therefore, it is recommended that a PET should be considered when a tumor recurrence is suspected during conventional follow up.

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Correlation of GLUT-1 Expression and F-18-FDG Uptake on Positron Emission Tomography in Breast Carcinoma: Gi Jeong Cheon, June Key Chung, Bo Kwang Kim, Yong Jin Lee, Dong Young Noh, Ja June Jang, Jeong Seok Yeo, Jae Min Jeong, Dong Soo Lee, Myung Chul Lee; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(6):1067-1074.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has been proven to be useful in the detection of breast cancer. However, the degree of FDG uptake was variable. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) expression with the FDG uptake in patients with breast cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
15 patients with proven breast cancer underwent F-18-FDG PET. After surgical resection, anti-GLUT-1 immunohistochemical staining was performed in tumor tissues to measure the GLUT-1 expression. We evaluated the correlation between semi-quantitative FDG uptake by standardized uptake value (SUV) and GLUT-1 expression.
RESULTS
In total 15 patients, there was no significant correlation between SUV and GLUT-1 expression. We separated the patients into two groups according to the tumor size. In the group of large tumor (short diameter > or =2 cm), there was no significant correlation. However, in the group of small tumor (short diameter <2 cm), there was a significant correlation between the FDG uptake and GLUT-1 expression (rho=0.812, p=0.047).
CONCLUSION
GLUT-1 expression can influence the FDG uptake in the small breast cancers. For large breast cancers, other factors as well as GLUT-1 expression may influence the FDG uptake.

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Quantative measurement of tumor-associated antigen by autoradiography: June Key Chung, Dong Soo Lee, Myung Chul Lee, Chang Soon Koh, James C Reynolds; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1991;23(4):740-748.

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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