Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Articles

Pediatric cancer

Tandem High-Dose Chemotherapy Increases the Risk of Secondary Malignant Neoplasm in Pediatric Solid Tumors: Hana Lim, Minji Im, Eun Seop Seo, Hee Won Cho, Hee Young Ju, Keon Hee Yoo, Sung Yoon Cho, Jong-Won Kim, Do Hoon Lim, Ki Woong Sung, Ji Won Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2024;56(2):642-651. Published online November 24, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2023.999

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Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors for secondary malignant neoplasms (SMN) in pediatric solid tumors, focusing on the effects of tandem high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT).
Materials and Methods
Patients (aged < 19 years) diagnosed with or treated for pediatric solid tumors between 1994 and 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The cumulative incidence of SMN was estimated using competing risk methods by considering death as a competing risk.
Results
A total of 1,435 patients (413 with brain tumors and 1,022 with extracranial solid tumors) were enrolled. Seventy-one patients developed 74 SMNs, with a 10-year and 20-year cumulative incidence of 2.680±0.002% and 10.193±0.024%, respectively. The types of SMN included carcinoma in 28 (37.8%), sarcoma in 24 (32.4%), and hematologic malignancy in 15 (20.3%) cases. Osteosarcoma and thyroid carcinoma were the most frequently diagnosed tumors. Multivariate analysis showed that radiotherapy (RT) > 2, 340 cGy, and tandem HDCT were significant risk factors for SMN development. The SMN types varied according to the primary tumor type; carcinoma was the most frequent SMN in brain tumors and neuroblastoma, whereas hematologic malignancy and sarcomas developed more frequently in patients with sarcoma and retinoblastoma, respectively.
Conclusion
The cumulative incidence of SMN in pediatric patients with solid tumors was considerably high, especially in patients who underwent tandem HDCT or in those who received RT > 2,340 cGy. Therefore, the treatment intensity should be optimized based on individual risk assessment and the long-term follow-up of pediatric cancer survivors.

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Rising Prevalence of Low-Frequency PPM1D Gene Mutations after Second HDCT in Multiple Myeloma
Katja Seipel, Nuria Z. Veglio, Henning Nilius, Barbara Jeker, Ulrike Bacher, Thomas Pabst
Current Issues in Molecular Biology.2024; 46(8): 8197. CrossRef

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CNS cancer

Suggestions for Escaping the Dark Ages for Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma Treated with Radiotherapy: Analysis of Prognostic Factors from the National Multicenter Study: Hyun Ju Kim, Joo Ho Lee, Youngkyong Kim, Do Hoon Lim, Shin-Hyung Park, Seung Do Ahn, In Ah Kim, Jung Ho Im, Jae Wook Chung, Joo-Young Kim, Il Han Kim, Hong In Yoon, Chang-Ok Suh; Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(1):41-49. Published online March 4, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.1514

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Purpose
This multicenter retrospective study aimed to investigate clinical, radiologic, and treatment-related factors affecting survival in patients with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) treated with radiotherapy.
Materials and Methods
Patients aged <30 years who underwent radiotherapy as an initial treatment for DIPG between 2000 and 2018 were included; patients who did not undergo magnetic resonance imaging at diagnosis and those with pathologically diagnosed grade I glioma were excluded. We examined medical records of 162 patients collected from 10 participating centers in Korea. The patients’ clinical, radiological, molecular, and histopathologic characteristics, and treatment responses were evaluated to identify the prognosticators for DIPG and estimate survival outcomes.
Results
The median follow-up period was 10.8 months (interquartile range, 7.5 to 18.1). The 1- and 2-year overall survival (OS) rates were 53.5% and 19.0%, respectively, with a median OS of 13.1 months. Long-term survival rate (≥ 2 years) was 16.7%, and median OS was 43.6 months. Age (< 10 years), poor performance status, treatment before 2010, and post-radiotherapy necrosis were independently associated with poor OS in multivariate analysis. In patients with increased post-radiotherapy necrosis, the median OS estimates were 13.3 months and 11.4 months with and without bevacizumab, respectively (p=0.138).
Conclusion
Therapeutic strategy for DIPG has remained unchanged over time, and the associated prognosis remains poor. Our findings suggest that appropriate efforts are needed to reduce the occurrence of post-radiotherapy necrosis. Further well-designed clinical trials are recommended to improve the poor prognosis observed in DIPG patients.

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Advancements in Image-Based Models for High-Grade Gliomas Might Be Accelerated
Guido Frosina
Cancers.2024; 16(8): 1566. CrossRef
The relationship between imaging features, therapeutic response, and overall survival in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
Xiaojun Yu, Mingyao Lai, Juan Li, Lichao Wang, Kunlin Ye, Dong Zhang, Qingjun Hu, Shaoqun Li, Xinpeng Hu, Qiong Wang, Mengjie Ma, Zeyu Xiao, Jiangfen Zhou, Changzheng Shi, Liangping Luo, Linbo Cai
Neurosurgical Review.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Current status and advances to improving drug delivery in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
Lauren M. Arms, Ryan J. Duchatel, Evangeline R. Jackson, Pedro Garcia Sobrinho, Matthew D. Dun, Susan Hua
Journal of Controlled Release.2024; 370: 835. CrossRef
Pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma radiotherapy response prediction: MRI morphology and T2 intensity-based quantitative analyses
Xiaojun Yu, Shaoqun Li, Wenfeng Mai, Xiaoyu Hua, Mengnan Sun, Mingyao Lai, Dong Zhang, Zeyu Xiao, Lichao Wang, Changzheng Shi, Liangping Luo, Linbo Cai
European Radiology.2024; 34(12): 7962. CrossRef

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Pediatric cancer

Chronological Analysis of Acute Hematological Outcomes after Proton and Photon Beam Craniospinal Irradiation in Pediatric Brain Tumors: Gyu Sang Yoo, Jeong Il Yu, Sungkoo Cho, Youngyih Han, Yoonjin Oh, Do Hoon Lim, Hee Rim Nam, Ji-Won Lee, Ki-Woong Sung, Hyung Jin Shin; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(3):907-916. Published online October 15, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.332

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Purpose
This study aimed to compare the early hematological dynamics and acute toxicities between proton beam craniospinal irradiation (PrCSI) and photon beam craniospinal irradiation (PhCSI) for pediatric brain tumors.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively reviewed patients with pediatric brain tumors who received craniospinal irradiation (CSI). The average change in hemoglobin levels (ΔHb_avg), absolute lymphocyte counts (ΔALC_avg), and platelet counts (ΔPLT_avg) from baseline values was evaluated and compared between the PrCSI and PhCSI groups at 1 and 2 weeks after the initiation of CSI, 1 week before and at the end of radiotherapy, and 3-4 weeks after the completion of radiotherapy using t test and mixed-model analysis.
Results
The PrCSI and PhCSI groups consisted of 36 and 30 patients, respectively. There were no significant differences in ΔHb_avg between the two groups at any timepoint. However, ΔALC_avg and ΔPLT_avg were significantly lower in the PhCSI group than in PrCSI group at every timepoint, demonstrating that PrCSI resulted in a significantly lower rate of decline and better recovery of absolute lymphocyte and platelet counts. The rate of grade 3 acute anemia was significantly lower in the PrCSI group than in in the PhCSI group.
Conclusion
PrCSI showed a lower rate of decline and better recovery of absolute lymphocyte and platelet counts than PhCSI in the CSI for pediatric brain tumors. Grade 3 acute anemia was significantly less frequent in the PrCSI group than in the PhCSI group. Further large-scale studies are warranted to confirm these results.

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Long-term effects of local radiotherapy on growth and vertebral features in children with high-risk neuroblastoma
Kyungmi Yang, Joong Hyun Ahn, Sook-Young Woo, Sang Hoon Jung, Ki Woong Sung, Ji Won Lee, Do Hoon Lim
BMC Pediatrics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of Craniospinal Irradiation Using Proton Beams According to Irradiation Method and Initial Experience Treating Pediatric Patients
Nobuyoshi Fukumitsu, Hikaru Kubota, Masayuki Mima, Yusuke Demizu, Takeshi Suzuki, Daiichiro Hasegawa, Yoshiyuki Kosaka, Atsufumi Kawamura, Toshinori Soejima
Advances in Radiation Oncology.2023; 8(5): 101251. CrossRef
Proton versus photon radiation therapy: A clinical review
Zhe Chen, Michael M. Dominello, Michael C. Joiner, Jay W. Burmeister
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Shifting Strategies in the Treatment of Pediatric Craniopharyngioma
Segev Gabay, Thomas E. Merchant, Frederick A. Boop, Jonathan Roth, Shlomi Constantini
Current Oncology Reports.2023; 25(12): 1497. CrossRef

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Hematologic malignancy

Increased Risk of Diabetes after Definitive Radiotherapy in Patients with Indolent Gastroduodenal Lymphoma: Jong Yun Baek, Do Hoon Lim, Dongryul Oh, Heerim Nam, Jae J Kim, Jun Haeng Lee, Byung-Hoon Min, Hyuk Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):294-300. Published online April 1, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.073

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Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of radiotherapy (RT) on the risk of diabetes by assessing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in patients with gastroduodenal indolent lymphoma.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study included patients with stage I extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue or follicular lymphoma of the gastroduodenal region who were treated with Helicobacter pylori eradication and/or RT between 2000 and 2019 in our institution. Of total 79 patients with HbA1c test, 17 patients received RT (RT group), while 62 patients did not receive RT (control group). A diabetes-associated event (DAE) was defined as a ≥ 0.5% increase in HbA1c levels from baseline, and diabetes event (DE) were defined as HbA1c level of ≥ 6.5%.
Results
During the median follow-up of 49 months, no local failure occurred after RT and no patients died of lymphoma. The RT group had significantly higher risk for DAEs on univariable analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 4.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64 to 10.66; p < 0.01) and multivariable analysis (HR, 3.68; 95% CI, 1.42 to 9.56; p=0.01). Further, the DE risk was significantly higher in the RT group than in the control group (HR, 4.32; 95% CI, 1.08 to 17.30; p=0.04) and in patients with increased baseline HbA1c levels (HR, 35.83; 95% CI, 2.80 to 459.19; p=0.01). On multivariable analysis, RT significantly increased the risk of DEs (HR, 4.55; 95% CI, 1.08 to 19.19; p=0.04), even after adjusting baseline HbA1c level (HR, 40.97; 95% CI, 3.06 to 548.01; p=0.01).
Conclusion
Patients who received RT for gastroduodenal indolent lymphoma had an increased risk of diabetes compared to those who did not.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDOCRINE COMPONENT OF PANCREAS AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF N-ACETYLCYSTEINE IN THE MODEL OF ACUTE RADIATION-INDUCED PANCREATITIS
Grigoriy Aleksandrovich Demyashkin, Dali Ibragimovna Ugurchieva, Vladislav Andreevich Yakimenko, Matvey Anatol'evich Vadyukhin
Ulyanovsk Medico-biological Journal.2024; (2): 166. CrossRef
ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN THE PANCREAS AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF N-ACETYL CYSTEINE IN A MODEL OF POST-RADIATION PANCREATITIS
G.A. Demyashkin, D.A. Atyakshin, D.I. Ugurchieva, V.A. Yakimenko, M.A. Vadyukhin, S.N. Koryakin
Molekulyarnaya Meditsina (Molecular medicine).2024; : 58. CrossRef
Lactobacillus gasseriCKCC1913 mediated modulation of the gut–liver axis alleviated insulin resistance and liver damage induced by type 2 diabetes
Shuaiming Jiang, Aijie Liu, Wenyao Ma, Xinlei Liu, Pengfei Luo, Meng Zhan, Xiaoli Zhou, Lihao Chen, Jiachao Zhang
Food & Function.2023; 14(18): 8504. CrossRef
Consumption of ultra-processed foods and risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases: a multinational cohort study
Reynalda Cordova, Vivian Viallon, Emma Fontvieille, Laia Peruchet-Noray, Anna Jansana, Karl-Heinz Wagner, Cecilie Kyrø, Anne Tjønneland, Verena Katzke, Rashmita Bajracharya, Matthias B. Schulze, Giovanna Masala, Sabina Sieri, Salvatore Panico, Fulvio Ricc
The Lancet Regional Health - Europe.2023; 35: 100771. CrossRef
Risk of Diabetes Mellitus after Radiotherapy for Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma
Joongyo Lee, Hong In Yoon, Jihun Kim, Jaeho Cho, Kyung Hwan Kim, Chang-Ok Suh
Cancers.2022; 14(17): 4110. CrossRef

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CNS cancer

The Role of Postoperative Radiotherapy in Intracranial Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma: A Multi-institutional Retrospective Study (KROG 18-11): Joo Ho Lee, Seung Hyuck Jeon, Chul-Kee Park, Sung-Hye Park, Hong In Yoon, Jong Hee Chang, Chang-Ok Suh, Su Jeong Kang, Do Hoon Lim, In Ah Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Jung Ho Im, Sung-Hwan Kim, Chan Woo Wee, Il Han Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2022;54(1):65-74. Published online March 24, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2021.142

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Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in intracranial solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma (SFT/HPC).
Materials and Methods
A total of 133 patients with histologically confirmed HPC were included from eight institutions. Gross total resection (GTR) and subtotal resection (STR) were performed in 86 and 47 patients, respectively. PORT was performed in 85 patients (64%). The prognostic effects of sex, age, performance, World Health Organization (WHO) grade, location, size, Ki-67, surgical extent, and PORT on local control (LC), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were estimated by univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results
The 10-year PFS, and OS rates were 45%, and 71%, respectively. The multivariate analysis suggested that PORT significantly improved LC (p < 0.001) and PFS (p < 0.001). The PFS benefit of PORT was maintained in the subgroup of GTR (p=0.001), WHO grade II (p=0.001), or STR (p < 0.001). In the favorable subgroup of GTR and WHO grade II, PORT was also significantly related to better PFS (p=0.028). WHO grade III was significantly associated with poor DMFS (p=0.029). In the PORT subgroup, the 0-0.5 cm margin of the target volume showed an inferior LC to a large margin with 1.0-2.0 cm (p=0.021). Time-dependent Cox proportion analysis showed that distant failures were significantly associated with poor OS (p=0.003).
Conclusion
This multicenter study supports the role of PORT in disease control of intracranial SFT/HPC, irrespective of the surgical extent and grade. For LC, PORT should enclose the tumor bed with sufficient margin.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Does Adjuvant Radiotherapy Enhance Survival in Intracranial Solitary Fibrous Tumor Patients?
Sakhr Alshwayyat, Haya Kamal, Tala Abdulsalam Alshwayyat, Mustafa Alshwayyat, Mesk Alkhatib, Ayah Erjan
World Neurosurgery.2025; 194: 123545. CrossRef
Development of an MRI‐Based Comprehensive Model Fusing Clinical, Radiomics and Deep Learning Models for Preoperative Histological Stratification in Intracranial Solitary Fibrous Tumor
Xiaohong Liang, Kaiqiang Tang, Xiaoai Ke, Jian Jiang, Shenglin Li, Caiqiang Xue, Juan Deng, Xianwang Liu, Cheng Yan, Mingzi Gao, Junlin Zhou, Liqin Zhao
Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging.2024; 60(2): 523. CrossRef
Meningeal Solitary Fibrous Tumor: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study
Siyer Roohani, Yasemin Alberti, Maximilian Mirwald, Felix Ehret, Carmen Stromberger, Soleiman Fabris Roohani, Katja Bender, Anne Flörcken, Sven Märdian, Daniel Zips, David Kaul, Manish Charan
Sarcoma.2024; 2024: 1. CrossRef
Repeated Radiation Therapy of Recurrent Solitary Fibrous Tumors of the Brain: A Medical Case History Over 20 Years
Anna Carla Piccardo, Sabrina Gurdschinski, Sybille Spieker, Christof Renner, Piotr Czapiewski, Markus Wösle, I. Frank Ciernik
Advances in Radiation Oncology.2024; 9(4): 101426. CrossRef
Intracranial solitary fibrous tumors: Clinical, radiological, and histopathological insights along with review of literature
Adil Aziz Khan, Sana Ahuja, Dipanker Singh Mankotia, Sufian Zaheer
Pathology - Research and Practice.2024; 260: 155456. CrossRef
Central nervous system solitary fibrous tumors: Case series in accordance with the WHO 2021 reclassification. Framework for patient surveillance
V. Matthijs, R. Beckers, C. Vanden Broecke, F. Dedeurwaerdere, J. Van Dorpe, D. Vanhauwaert, G. Hallaert
Acta Neurochirurgica.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Recurrence of Solitary Fibrous Tumor in the Spinal Cord Following Gross Total and Subtotal Resection: A Case Report of Recurrence 19 Years of Post-total Resection and Systematic Literature Review
Satoka SHIDOH, Kazutoshi HIDA, Yoshitaka ODA, Toru SASAMORI, Prabin SHRESTHA, Jangbo LEE, Satoshi YAMAGUCHI
NMC Case Report Journal.2024; 11: 297. CrossRef
The role of radiotherapy in intracranial hemangiopericytoma/solitary fibrous tumors
Nuri Kaydıhan, Gözde Yazıcı, Petek Erpolat, Serra Kamer, Burak Erdemci, Emine Canyılmaz, Beste Melek Atasoy, Dicle Aslan, Ela Delikgöz Soykut, Enis Özyar, Fatih Demircioğlu, Fazilet Öner Dinçbaş, Meltem Kirli Bolukbas, Ramazan Aksu, Selvi Tabak Dinçer, Ya
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Anna Merlotti, Stefania Martini, Riccardo Vigna Taglianti, Alessia Reali, Giuseppe Signorini, Silvana Parisi, Francesca De Felice
EMJ Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Intracranial Solitary Fibrous Tumour Management: A French Multicentre Retrospective Study
Marine Lottin, Alexandre Escande, Luc Bauchet, Marie Albert-Thananayagam, Maël Barthoulot, Matthieu Peyre, Mathieu Boone, Sonia Zouaoui, Jacques Guyotat, Guillaume Penchet, Johan Pallud, Henry Dufour, Evelyne Emery, Michel Lefranc, Sébastien Freppel, Houm
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Qiyan Lin, Jiabin Zhu, Xiaofeng Zhang
Oncology Letters.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of extent of resection and postoperative radiotherapy on survival outcomes in intracranial solitary fibrous tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Sae Min Kwon, Min Kyun Na, Kyu-Sun Choi, Tae Ho Lim, Hyungoo Shin, Juncheol Lee, Heekyung Lee, Wonhee Kim, Youngsuk Cho, Jae Guk Kim, Chiwon Ahn, Bo-Hyoung Jang
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Radiotherapy for rare primary brain tumors
E. Mesny, P. Lesueur
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Complete Resection of a Torcular Herophili Hemangiopericytoma without Sinus Reconstruction: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Salah-Edine Safi, Julie Godfrain, Herbert Rooijakkers, Frederic Collignon, Mario Ganau
Case Reports in Surgery.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef
Surgical Management of Craniospinal Axis Solitary Fibrous Tumors: A Single-Institution Case Series and Comprehensive Review of the Literature
Anthony J. Piscopo, A. J. Chowdhury, Nahom Teferi, Sarah Lee, Meron Challa, Michael Petronek, Kathryn Eschbacher, Girish Bathla, John M. Buatti, Patrick Hitchon
Neurosurgery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical Features, Management, and Prognostic Factors of Intracranial Solitary Fibrous Tumor
Jingdian Liu, Sisi Wu, Kai Zhao, Junwen Wang, Kai Shu, Ting Lei
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Toward Better Understanding and Management of Solitary Fibrous Tumor
Karineh Kazazian, Elizabeth G. Demicco, Marc de Perrot, Dirk Strauss, Carol J. Swallow
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World Neurosurgery.2022; 166: e60. CrossRef
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Beatrice Detti, Lilia Bardoscia, Antonio Rosario Pisani, Salvatore Cozzi, Manuele Roghi, Paolo Mammucci, Angela Sardaro
Brain Sciences.2022; 12(9): 1209. CrossRef
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Mallory Raymond, Philip Ryan Elvis, Tiffany Baker, William Alexander Vandergrift, Theodore McRackan
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Javier Martin-Broto, Jose L. Mondaza-Hernandez, David S. Moura, Nadia Hindi
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Intradural Extramedullary Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Thoracic Spinal Cord
Zachary T Olmsted, Joanna Tabor, Omer Doron, Hossein Hosseini, Daniel Schneider, Ross Green, Samuel J Wahl, Daniel M Scuibba, Randy S D'Amico
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Central nervous system

Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor of the Central Nervous System in Children under the Age of 3 Years: Meerim Park, Jung Woo Han, Seung Min Hahn, Jun Ah Lee, Joo-Young Kim, Sang Hoon Shin, Dong-Seok Kim, Hong In Yoon, Kyung Taek Hong, Jung Yoon Choi, Hyoung Jin Kang, Hee Young Shin, Ji Hoon Phi, Seung-Ki Kim, Ji Won Lee, Keon Hee Yoo, Ki Woong Sung, Hong Hoe Koo, Do Hoon Lim, Hyung Jin Shin, Hyery Kim, Kyung-Nam Koh, Ho Joon Im, Seung Do Ahn, Young-Shin Ra, Hee-Jo Baek, Hoon Kook, Tae-Young Jung, Hyoung Soo Choi, Chae-Yong Kim, Hyeon Jin Park, Chuhl Joo Lyu; Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(2):378-388. Published online October 28, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2020.756

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Purpose
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a highly aggressive malignancy with peak incidence in children aged less than 3 years. Standard treatment for central nervous system ATRT in children under the age of 3 years have not been established yet. The objective of this study was to analyze characteristics and clinical outcomes of ATRT in children aged less than 3 years.
Materials and Methods
A search of medical records from seven centers was performed between January 2005 and December 2016.
Results
Forty-three patients were enrolled. With a median follow-up of 90 months, 27 patients (64.3%) showed at least one episode of disease progression (PD). The first date of PD was at 160 days after diagnosis. The 1- and 3-year progression-free survivals (PFS) were 51.2% and 28.5%, respectively. The 1- and 3-year overall survivals were 61.9% and 38.1%, respectively. The 3-year PFS was improved from 0% in pre-2011 to 47.4% in post-2011. Excluding one patient who did not receive any further therapy after surgery, 27 patients died due to PD (n=21), treatment-related toxicity (n=5), or unknown cause (n=1). In univariate analysis, factors associated with higher 3-year PFS were no metastases, diagnosis after 2011, early adjuvant radiotherapy, and high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT). In multivariate analysis, the use of HDCT and adjuvant radiotherapy remained significant prognostic factors for PFS (both p < 0.01).
Conclusion
Aggressive therapy including early adjuvant radiotherapy and HDCT could be considered to improve outcomes of ATRT in children under the age of 3 years.

Citations

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Ali Msheik, Mohamad Aoun, Youssef Fares
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Metabolic profiling of patient-derived organoids reveals nucleotide synthesis as a metabolic vulnerability in malignant rhabdoid tumors
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Comparative treatment results of children with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system in the younger age group
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Tae-Hwan Park, Seung-Ki Kim, Ji Hoon Phi, Chul-Kee Park, Yong Hwy Kim, Sun Ha Paek, Chang-Hyun Lee, Sung-Hye Park, Eun Jung Koh
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Clinical predictors of survival for patients with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors
Vismaya S. Bachu, Pavan Shah, Adrian E. Jimenez, Adham M. Khalafallah, Jignesh Tailor, Debraj Mukherjee, Alan R. Cohen
Child's Nervous System.2022; 38(7): 1297. CrossRef
Therapeutic Targeting of EZH2 and BET BRD4 in Pediatric Rhabdoid Tumors
Yukitomo Ishi, Yongzhan Zhang, Ali Zhang, Takahiro Sasaki, Andrea Piunti, Amreena Suri, Jun Watanabe, Kouki Abe, Xingyao He, Hiroaki Katagi, Pankaj Bhalla, Manabu Natsumeda, Lihua Zou, Ali Shilatifard, Rintaro Hashizume
Molecular Cancer Therapeutics.2022; 21(5): 715. CrossRef
Molecular targeted therapies for pediatric atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors
Chang Zhang, Hao Li
Pediatric Investigation.2022; 6(2): 111. CrossRef
The results of multicenter treatment of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors of the central nervous system in children under 3 years
L. V. Olkhova, O. G. Zheludkova, L. S. Zubarovskaya, A. Yu. Smirnova, Yu. V. Dinikina, Yu. V. Kushel, A. G. Melikyan, S. K. Gorelyshev, M. V. Ryzhova, Yu. Yu. Trunin, E. I. Shults, A. G. Gevorgyan, S. V. Gorbatykh, A. N. Kislyakov, V. E. Popov, L. P. Priv
Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology.2021; 20(2): 121. CrossRef

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Comparison of the 7th and the 8th AJCC Staging System for Non-metastatic D2-Resected Lymph Node–Positive Gastric Cancer Treated with Different Adjuvant Protocols: Jeong Il Yu, Do Hoon Lim, Jeeyun Lee, Won Ki Kang, Se Hoon Park, Joon Oh Park, Young Suk Park, Ho Yeong Lim, Seung Tae Kim, Su Jin Lee, Sung Kim, Tae Sung Sohn, Jun Ho Lee, Ji Yeong An, Min Gew Choi, Jae Moon Bae, Heejin Yoo, Kyunga Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2019;51(3):876-885. Published online October 1, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2018.401

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare prognostic differentiation performances of the 7th and the 8th edition of American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for gastric cancer (GC) patients.
Materials and Methods
A total of 1,633 GC patients who underwent curative D2 resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy alone (CA) or concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT) from 2004 to 2013 were included. Concordance index (c-index) was applied to compare the discriminatory ability.
Results
In the 8th edition, migration of stage was detected in 248 patients (15.2%). Among them, 121 patients were up-staged while 127 patients were down-staged. Overall, there was no statistically significant difference in the discriminatory ability between the 7th and 8th editions. The new edition of staging system, however, showed a trend of better prognostic performance not only in recurrence-free survival (c-index=0.734; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.706 to 0.762 in the 7th edition vs. c-index=0.740; 95% CI, 0.712 to 0.768 in the 8th edition; p=0.14), but also in overall survival (c-index=0.717; 95% CI, 0.688 to 0.745 in the 7th edition vs. c-index=0.722; 95% CI, 0.694 to 0.751 in the 8th edition; p=0.19), especially in stage III. This finding was repeated in the subgroup analysis regardless of adjuvant CA or CCRT.
Conclusion
Generally, the 8th edition of AJCC staging system had failed to show a superior discriminatory ability for curatively D2 resected GC patients than the 7th edition, although there was a trend of better prognostic performance of the new edition, regardless of adjuvant treatment method.

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An analysis of the relationship of triglyceride glucose index with gastric cancer prognosis: A retrospective study
Chao Cai, Cheng Chen, Xiuli Lin, Huihui Zhang, Mingming Shi, Xiaolei Chen, Weisheng Chen, Didi Chen
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Revolutionizing T3-4N0-2M0 gastric cancer staging with an innovative pathologic N classification system
Kailai Yin, Xuanhong Jin, Yang Pan, Mengli Zi, Yingsong Zheng, Yubo Ma, Chuhong Pang, Kang liu, Jinxia Chen, Yizhou Wei, Dujiang Liu, Xiangdong Cheng, Li Yuan
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A Comprehensive Review of Prognostic Factors in Patients with Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Styliani Mantziari, Penelope St Amour, Francesco Abboretti, Hugo Teixeira-Farinha, Sergio Gaspar Figueiredo, Caroline Gronnier, Dimitrios Schizas, Nicolas Demartines, Markus Schäfer
Cancers.2023; 15(5): 1628. CrossRef
Normalization weighted combination scores re-evaluate TNM staging of gastric cancer: a retrospective cohort study based on a multicenter database
Junpeng Wu, Hao Wang, Xin Yin, Yufei Wang, Zhanfei Lu, Jiaqi Zhang, Yao Zhang, Yingwei Xue
International Journal of Surgery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
A Substage Increase in The AJCC Classification System Improves Prognostic Prediction in Stage III Gastric Cancer With Insufficient Lymph Nodes Removed
Ri-Sheng Zhao, Yi-Nan Liu, Wei-Gang Dai, Si-Le Chen, Jin-Ning Ye, Er-Tao Zhai, Shi-Rong Cai, Jian-Hui Chen
Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Current therapeutic options for gastric adenocarcinoma
C.R. Akshatha, Smitha Bhat, R. Sindhu, Dharini Shashank, Sarana Rose Sommano, Wanaporn Tapingkae, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Shashanka K. Prasad
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences.2021; 28(9): 5371. CrossRef
Outcomes of Radiotherapy for Mesenchymal and Non-Mesenchymal Subtypes of Gastric Cancer
Jeong Il Yu, Hee Chul Park, Jeeyun Lee, Changhoon Choi, Won Ki Kang, Se Hoon Park, Seung Tae Kim, Tae Sung Sohn, Jun Ho Lee, Ji Yeong An, Min Gew Choi, Jae Moon Bae, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Heewon Han, Kyunga Kim, Sung Kim, Do Hoon Lim
Cancers.2020; 12(4): 943. CrossRef

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Comparison of Total Body Irradiation (TBI) Conditioning with Non-TBI for Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Newly Diagnosed or Relapsed Mature T- and NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Chi Hoon Maeng, Young Hyeh Ko, Do Hoon Lim, Eun Suk Kang, Joon Young Choi, Won Seog Kim, Seok Jin Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(1):92-103. Published online May 9, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.476

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
This retrospective study was conducted for comparison of survival outcomes and toxicities of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) based on the use of total body irradiation (TBI) as a part of the conditioning regimen in patients with mature T- and natural killer (NK)-cell lymphomas.
Materials and Methods
Patients who underwent ASCT in the upfront or salvage setting between January 2000 and December 2013 were analyzed. Patients were dichotomized according to the TBI group (n=38) and non-TBI group (n=60) based on the type of conditioning regimen for ASCT.
Results
Patients with responsive disease underwent upfront ASCT (TBI, n=16; non-TBI, n=29) whereas patients with refractory disease (TBI, n=9; non-TBI, n=12) or relapsed disease (TBI, n=13; non-TBI, n=19) underwent ASCT after salvage treatment. Hematologic and non-hematologic toxicities were manageable, and the median cumulative toxicity score according to Seattle criteria was estimated as 2 (range, 0 to 7) in both groups. No significant difference in 100-day mortality was observed between the TBI (13%, 5/38) and non-TBI (12%, 12/60) groups, and most deaths were related to disease progression. There was no difference in overall and progression-free survival; however, the TBI group showed a trend of better survival in upfront and salvage ASCT than the non-TBI group. However, patients with refractory disease showed the worst outcome regardless of the use of TBI. Patients who showed complete response before ASCT showed better progression-free survival than thosewho showed partial response.
Conclusion
TBI could be used as an effective part of conditioning for ASCT in patients with mature T- and NK-cell lymphomas.

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Mümtaz Köksal, Jonathan Baumert, Danny Jazmati, Felix Schoroth, Stephan Garbe, David Koch, Davide Scafa, Gustavo R. Sarria, Christina Leitzen, Gregor Massoth, Achilles Delis, Annkristin Heine, Tobias Holderried, Peter Brossart, Thomas Müdder, Leonard C. S
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Hao Wang, Kristin N. Berger, Elizabeth L. Miller, Wei Fu, Larisa Broglie, Frederick D. Goldman, Heiko Konig, Su Jin Lim, Arthur S. Berg, Julie-An Talano, Melanie A. Comito, Sherif S. Farag, Jeffrey J. Pu
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European Journal of Medical Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
National survey of myeloablative total body irradiation prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Japan: survey of the Japanese Radiation Oncology Study Group (JROSG)
Naoya Ishibashi, Toshinori Soejima, Hiroki Kawaguchi, Takeshi Akiba, Masatoshi Hasegawa, Kouichi Isobe, Hitoshi Ito, Michiko Imai, Yasuo Ejima, Masaharu Hata, Keisuke Sasai, Emiko Shimoda, Toshiya Maebayashi, Masahiko Oguchi, Tetsuo Akimoto
Journal of Radiation Research.2018; 59(4): 477. CrossRef

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Tandem High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor: Ki Woong Sung, Do Hoon Lim, Eun Sang Yi, Young Bae Choi, Ji Won Lee, Keon Hee Yoo, Hong Hoe Koo, Ji Hye Kim, Yeon-Lim Suh, Yoo Sook Joung, Hyung Jin Shin; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(4):1408-1419. Published online April 1, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.347

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
We prospectively evaluated the effectiveness of tandem high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDCT/auto-SCT) in improving the survival of patients with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors while reducing the risks of late adverse effects from radiotherapy (RT).
Materials and Methods
For young children (< 3 years old), tandem HDCT/auto-SCT was administered after six cycles of induction chemotherapy. RT was deferred until after 3 years of age unless the tumor showed relapse or progression. For older patients (> 3 years old), RT including reduced-dose craniospinal RT (23.4 or 30.6 Gy) was administered either after two cycles of induction chemotherapy or after surgery, and tandem HDCT/auto-SCT was administered after six cycles of induction chemotherapy.
Results
A total of 13 patients (five young and eight older) were enrolled from November 2004 to June 2012. Eight patients, including all five young patients, had metastatic disease at diagnosis. Six patients (four young and two older) experienced progression before initiation of RT, and seven were able to proceed to HDCT/auto-SCT without progression during induction treatment. Three of six patients who experienced progression during induction treatment underwent HDCT/auto-SCT as salvage treatment. All five young patients died from disease progression. However, four of the eight older patients remain progression-freewith a median follow-up period of 64 months (range, 39 to 108 months). Treatment-related late toxicities were acceptable.
Conclusion
The required dose of craniospinal RT might be reduced in older patients if the intensity of chemotherapy is increased. However, early administration of RT should be considered to prevent early progression in young patients.

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Beate Timmermann, Claire Alapetite, Karin Dieckmann, Rolf-Dieter Kortmann, Yasmin Lassen-Ramshad, John H. Maduro, Monica Ramos Albiac, Umberto Ricardi, Damien C. Weber
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Focal versus craniospinal radiation for disseminated atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor following favorable response to systemic therapy
Paul D. Aridgides, Anita Mahajan, Bree Eaton, Dongliang Wang, Beate Timmerman, Michael C. Früwald, Karolina Nemes, Jared Deck, Kai Yamasaki, Katja Von Hoff, Lucie Lafay‐Cousin, Alyssa Reddy, Andrea C. Lo
Pediatric Blood & Cancer.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparative treatment results of children with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system in the younger age group
L. V. Olkhova, O. G. Zheludkova, L. S. Zubarovskaya, A. S. Levashov, A. Yu. Smirnova, Yu. V. Dinikina, Yu. V. Kushel, A. G. Melikyan, S. K. Gorelyshev, M. V. Ryzhova, Yu. Yu. Trunin, A. G. Gevorgyan, O. B. Polushkina, V. E. Popov, L. P. Privalova, N. B. Y
Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology.2023; 10(1): 11. CrossRef
Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor of the Central Nervous System in Children: Case Reports and Literature Review
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Cancer Research and Treatment.2021; 53(2): 378. CrossRef
The results of multicenter treatment of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors of the central nervous system in children under 3 years
L. V. Olkhova, O. G. Zheludkova, L. S. Zubarovskaya, A. Yu. Smirnova, Yu. V. Dinikina, Yu. V. Kushel, A. G. Melikyan, S. K. Gorelyshev, M. V. Ryzhova, Yu. Yu. Trunin, E. I. Shults, A. G. Gevorgyan, S. V. Gorbatykh, A. N. Kislyakov, V. E. Popov, L. P. Priv
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Lindsey M Hoffman, Elizabeth Anne Richardson, Ben Ho, Ashley Margol, Alyssa Reddy, Lucie Lafay-Cousin, Susan Chi, Irene Slavc, Alexander Judkins, Martin Hasselblatt, Franck Bourdeaut, Michael C Frühwald, Rajeev Vibhakar, Eric Bouffet, Annie Huang
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Do Biliary Complications after Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Matter?: Jeong Il Yu, Hee Chul Park, Do Hoon Lim, Seung Woon Paik; Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(2):574-582. Published online July 17, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2015.076

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after failure of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) or in cases of refractory HCC, and to investigate biliary complications after hypofractionated RT. Materials and Methods We retrospectively enrolled patients with unresectable, TACE-unresponsive, or refractory HCC treated with hypofractionated RT between July 2006 and December 2012. The perihilar region was defined as the 1-cm area surrounding the right, left, and the common hepatic duct, including the gallbladder and the cystic duct. Significant elevation of total bilirubin was defined as an increase of more than 3.0 mg/dL, and more than two times that of the previous level after completion of RT.
Results
Fifty patients received hypofractionated RT and 27 (54%) had a tumor located within the perihilar region. The median follow-up period was 24.7 months (range, 4.3 to 95.5 months). None of the patients developed classic radiation disease symptoms, but four patients (8%) showed significant elevation of total bilirubin within 1 year after RT. During follow-up, 12 patients (24%) developed radiologic biliary abnormalities, but only two patients had toxicities requiring intervention. Estimated local progression-free survival, progression-free survival, and overall survival of the patients at 3-year post-hypofractionated RT were 89.7%, 11.2%, and 57.4%, respectively. Conclusion Biliary complications associated with a higher dose exposure of hypofractionated RT were minimal, even in the perihilar region. Hypofractionated RT provided excellent local control and may be a valuable option for treatment of unresectable cases of TACE-unresponsive or refractory HCC.

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Sunmin Park, Chai Hong Rim, Won Sup Yoon
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Kosuke Morishima, Hideomi Yamashita, Tomoyuki Noyama, Atsuto Katano
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Pencil Beam Scanning Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Wenna Zhang, Xin Cai, Jiayao Sun, Weiwei Wang, Jingfang Zhao, Qing Zhang, Guoliang Jiang, Zheng Wang
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S. Lewis, A. Barry, M.A. Hawkins
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Zu‐Yau Lin, Ming‐Lun Yeh, Ching‐I Huang, Shinn‐Cherng Chen, Chung‐Feng Huang, Jee‐Fu Huang, Chia‐Yen Dai, Ming‐Lung Yu, Wan‐Long Chuang
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Mostafa Hamada, Eisuke Ueshima, Takeaki Ishihara, Yutaka Koide, Takuya Okada, Hiroki Horinouchi, Jun Ishida, Hiroshi Mayahara, Koji Sasaki, Tomoyuki Gentsu, Keitaro Sofue, Masato Yamaguchi, Ryohei Sasaki, Koji Sugimoto, Takamichi Murakami
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Stereotactic body radiation therapy vs. radiofrequency ablation in Asian patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Nalee Kim, Jason Cheng, Inkyung Jung, Ja Der Liang, Yu Lueng Shih, Wen-Yen Huang, Tomoki Kimura, Victor H.F. Lee, Zhao Chong Zeng, Ren Zhenggan, Chul Seung Kay, Seok Jae Heo, Jong Yoon Won, Jinsil Seong
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Do Biliary Complications after Proton Beam Therapy for Perihilar Hepatocellular Carcinoma Matter?
Gyu Sang Yoo, Jeong Il Yu, Hee Chul Park, Dongho Hyun, Woo Kyoung Jeong, Ho Yeong Lim, Moon Seok Choi, Sang Yun Ha
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Clinical significance of radiotherapy before and/or during nivolumab treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma
Jeong Il Yu, Su Jin Lee, Jeeyun Lee, Ho Yeong Lim, Seung Woon Paik, Gyu Sang Yoo, Changhoon Choi, Hee Chul Park
Cancer Medicine.2019; 8(16): 6986. CrossRef
Is higher dose always the right answer in stereotactic body radiation therapy for small hepatocellular carcinoma?
Kyung Hwa Lee, Jeong Il Yu, Hee Chul Park, Su Yeon Park, Jung Suk Shin, Eun Hyuk Shin, Sungkoo Cho, Sang Hoon Jung, Young Yih Han, Do Hoon Lim
Radiation Oncology Journal.2018; 36(2): 129. CrossRef
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Gyu Sang Yoo, Jeong Il Yu, Hee Chul Park
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2018; 24(28): 3090. CrossRef
The possibility of radiotherapy as downstaging to living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus
Jin Y. Choi, Jeong I. Yu, Hee C. Park, C. H. David Kwon, Jong M. Kim, Jae‐Won Joh, Gyu‐Seong Choi, Jae B. Park, Sung J. Kim, Seung H. Lee, Won‐Tae Cho, Kyo W. Lee, Byeong‐Gon Na, Dong Kyu Oh, Nuri Lee, Chan W. Cho, Sanghoon Lee, Suk‐Koo Lee
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Bruno Sangro, Diego Martínez‐Urbistondo, Lourens Bester, Jose I. Bilbao, Douglas M. Coldwell, Patrick Flamen, Andrew Kennedy, Jens Ricke, Ricky A. Sharma
Hepatology.2017; 66(3): 969. CrossRef

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Role of Radiotherapy in the Multimodal Treatment of Ewing Sarcoma Family Tumors: Yunseon Choi, Do Hoon Lim, Soo Hyun Lee, Chuhl Joo Lyu, Jung Ho Im, Yun-Han Lee, Chang-Ok Suh; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):904-912. Published online February 16, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.158

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of radiotherapy (RT) in the management of Ewing sarcoma family tumors (ESFT). Materials and Methods Retrospective analysiswas performed on 91 patientswith localized ESFT treated from 1988 to 2012. Primary tumor size was ≥ 8 cm in 33 patients. Surgery, RT, and combined surgery with RT were applied in 37, 15, and 33 patients, respectively.
Results
Median follow-up was 43.8 months. Forty-three patients (47.3%) showed recurrence or progressive disease. Twelve patients (13.2%) showed local failure after initial treatment. Thirty-nine patients (42.9%) experienced distant metastases. The 5-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival, and local control (LC) were 60.5%, 58.2%, and 85.1%, respectively. According to treatment, 5-year LCwas 64.8% with RT and 90.2% with combined surgery and RT (p=0.052). Prognostic factors for OS were tumor size (≥ 8 cm, p < 0.001) and surgical resection (p < 0.001). In large tumors (≥ 8 cm), combined surgery and RT produced better LC compared to RT (p=0.033). However, in smaller tumors (< 8 cm), RT without surgery resulted in a similar LC rate as RT with surgery (p=0.374). Conclusion RT used for patients with unfavorable risk factors resulted in worse outcome than for patientswho received surgery. Smallertumors could be controlled locallywith chemotherapy and RT. For large tumors, combined surgery and RT is needed. Proper selection of local treatment modality, RT, surgery, or both is crucial in the management of ESFT.

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Renal Ewing sarcoma with extensive metastasis diagnosed via pulmonary thrombus
Coplen D Johnson, Shivam S Shah, Eric Wallace, Chaitanya Ahuja
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Rangila Ram, Priyanka Bhardwaj, Yogesh Bhardwaj, Narotam Ghezta, Ravi Bhatt, Pravesh Dhiman
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Ewing’s sarcoma masquerading as an odontogenic infection
Rizwan Hamid, Ambika Gaur, Sunita Gupta, Ritu Garg
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18F‐FDG PET and PET/CT as a diagnostic method for Ewing sarcoma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Nimish Seth, Ishith Seth, Gabriella Bulloch, Adrian Hang Yue Siu, Allen Guo, Rukmini Chatterjee, Michael MacManus, Leo Donnan
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Joaquim Soares do Brito, Miguel Esperança-Martins, André Abrunhosa-Branquinho, Cecilia Melo-Alvim, Raquel Lopes-Brás, João Janeiro, Dolores Lopez-Presa, Isabel Fernandes, José Portela, Luis Costa
Cancers.2022; 14(10): 2546. CrossRef
Radiation Therapy Dose Escalation in Unresectable Ewing Sarcoma: Final Results of a Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trial
Siddhartha Laskar, Shwetabh Sinha, Abhishek Chatterjee, Nehal Khanna, Jifmi Jose Manjali, Ajay Puri, Ashish Gulia, Prakash Nayak, Tushar Vora, Girish Chinnaswamy, Maya Prasad, Jyoti Bajpai, Shashikant Juvekar, Subhash Desai, Amit Janu, Venkatesh Rangaraja
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2022; 113(5): 996. CrossRef
Adjuvant Radiotherapy for the Multimodal Treatment of Pediatric Ewing Sarcoma
Gonca ALTINIŞIK İNAN, İpek Pınar ARAL, Tarık KARGIOĞLU, Arzu YAZAL ERDEM, Selma ÇAKMAKCI, Hüseyin Furkan ÖZTÜRK, Suheyla AYTAÇ ARSLAN, Yılmaz TEZCAN
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Chen Ye, Wei Wei, Xuebin Tang, Feng Li, Baoquan Xin, Qianqian Chen, Haifeng Wei, Shaohui He, Jianru Xiao
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Pelvic Ewing sarcoma: Should all patients receive pre-operative radiotherapy, or should it be delivered selectively?
Johnathan R. Lex, Vineet Kurisunkal, Yoichi Kaneuchi, Tomohiro Fujiwara, Jenny Sherriff, Catrin Wigley, Jonathan D. Stevenson, Michael C. Parry, Lee M. Jeys
European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2021; 47(10): 2618. CrossRef
The patterns of distant metastasis and prognostic factors in patients with primary metastatic Ewing sarcoma of the bone
Lei Zhang, Lu Xiong, Li-Mei Wu, Wen-Hui Shen, Ping Zhou, Chen-Lu Lian, Wen-Tong Zhang, San-Gang Wu
Journal of Bone Oncology.2021; 30: 100385. CrossRef
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Mohammadreza Bordbar, Ali Sarfaraz, Sezaneh Haghpanah, Omidreza Zekavat, Soheila Zareifar, Tahereh Zarei
Global Pediatric Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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Payam Mohammadhoseini, Samira Razzaghi, Mahdi Barazesh, Sajad Jalili
Bone Reports.2021; 15: 101131. CrossRef
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Ryosuke Hirota, Makoto Emori, Yoshinori Terashima, Kousuke Iba, Noriyuki Iesato, Ryunosuke Fukushi, Mitsunori Yoshimoto, Toshihiko Yamashita
Case Reports in Oncology.2021; 14(1): 296. CrossRef
Characteristics and prognosis of pelvic Ewing sarcoma: a SEER population-based study
Li Chen, Cheng Long, Jiaxin Liu, Fei Xing, Xin Duan
PeerJ.2019; 7: e7710. CrossRef
Anti-tumor Drug Targets Analysis: Current Insight and Future Prospect
Sheng Wang, Dexi Zhou, Zhenyu Xu, Jing Song, Xueyi Qian, Xiongwen Lv, Jiajie Luan
Current Drug Targets.2019; 20(11): 1180. CrossRef
Risk analysis factors for local recurrence in Ewing’s sarcoma
J. I. Albergo, C. L. L. Gaston, M. C. Parry, M. K. Laitinen, L. M. Jeys, R. M. Tillman, A. T. Abudu, R. J. Grimer
The Bone & Joint Journal.2018; 100-B(2): 247. CrossRef
In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of a Preclinical Irradiation-Adapted Model for Ewing Sarcoma
Mary Carroll Shapiro, Tien Tang, Atreyi Dasgupta, Lyazat Kurenbekova, Ryan Shuck, M. Waleed Gaber, Jason T. Yustein
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2018; 101(1): 118. CrossRef
Comparison of the effects of local treatment strategies in non-metastatic Ewing sarcoma of bone
Wen-Tong Zhang, Wen-Wen Zhang, Zhen-Yu He, Jia-Yuan Sun, Lei Zhang, Qing Xia, San-Gang Wu
Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.2018; 18(5): 501. CrossRef
Ewing sarcoma of the head and neck: The Mayo Clinic experience
Michael D. Olson, Kathryn M. Van Abel, Rebecca N. Wehrs, Joaquin J. Garcia, Eric J. Moore
Head & Neck.2018; 40(9): 1999. CrossRef
Hemipelvectomías tras sarcomas de localización pélvica de alto grado: pronóstico en condrosarcomas frente a otros tipos histológicos
J. Arnal-Burró, J.A. Calvo-Haro, C. Igualada-Blazquez, P. Gil-Martínez, M. Cuervo-Dehesa, J. Vaquero-Martín
Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología.2016; 60(1): 67. CrossRef
Hemipelvectomy for the treatment of high-grade sarcomas: Pronostic of chondrosarcomas compared to other histological types
J. Arnal-Burró, J.A. Calvo-Haro, C. Igualada-Blazquez, P. Gil-Martínez, M. Cuervo-Dehesa, J. Vaquero-Martín
Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (English Edition).2016; 60(1): 67. CrossRef
Local therapy in non-metastatic primary Ewing sarcoma of the mandible and maxilla in children
S.S. Qureshi, M. Bhagat, S. Laskar, S. Kembhavi, T. Vora, M. Ramadwar, G. Chinnaswamy, M. Prasad, N. Khanna, S. Shah, S. Talole
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.2016; 45(8): 938. CrossRef
The Role of Radiotherapy in Local Control of Nonextremity Ewing Sarcomas
Ozlem O. Akagunduz, Serra A. Kamer, Burcin Kececi, Bengu Demirag, Haldun Oniz, Mehmet Kantar, Nazan Cetingul, Dundar Sabah, Yavuz Anacak
Tumori Journal.2016; 102(2): 162. CrossRef
Ewing's sarcoma of bone tumor cells produces MCSF that stimulates monocyte proliferation in a novel mouse model of Ewing's sarcoma of bone
B.S. Margulies, S.D. DeBoyace, T.A. Damron, M.J. Allen
Bone.2015; 79: 121. CrossRef

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Dosimetric and Clinical Influence of 3D Versus 2D Planning in Postoperative Radiation Therapy for Gastric Cancer: Jung Ae Lee, Yong Chan Ahn, Do Hoon Lim, Hee Chul Park, Margarita S. Asranbaeva; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(4):727-737. Published online December 2, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.018

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the dosimetric and clinical influence of computed tomography–based (3-dimensional [3D]) simulation versus conventional 2-dimensional (2D)–based simulation in postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for patients with advanced gastric cancer in terms of parallel opposed anteroposterior-posteroanterior field arrangement. Materials and Methods A retrospective stage-matched cohort study was conducted in 158 patients treated with adjuvant CRT following curative surgery and D2 dissection from 2006 to 2008 at Samsung Medical Center: 98 patients in the 3D group; and 60 patients in the 2D group. For comparison of the dosimetric parameters between 3D plan and 2D plan, second sets of radiation treatment plans were generated according to the same target delineation method used in the 2D group for each patient in the 3D group (V2D). Acute toxicity, recurrence, and survival were analyzed. The median follow-up period was 28 months (range, 5 to 51 months). Results The 3D group showed better dose-volume histogram (DVH) profiles than the V2D group for all dosimetric parameters, including the kidneys, liver, spinal cord, duodenum, pancreas, and bowel. However, no difference in acute gastrointestinal toxicity and survival outcomes was observed between the 3D group and the 2D group. Conclusion The 3D plan enabled precise delineation of the target volume and organs at risk by visualization of geometric changes in the internal organs after surgery. The DVH of normal tissues in the 3D plan was superior to that of the V2D plan, but similar clinical features were observed between the 3D group and the 2D group.

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Advances in targeted therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive in advanced gastric cancer
Ya-Kun Jiang, Wei Li, Ying-Yang Qiu, Meng Yue
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2024; 16(6): 2318. CrossRef
A comparative planning study on the treatment of gastric cancer patients with tomotherapy, coplanar and non-coplanar three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT)
A. Kazemzadeh, L. Mahani, M. Kianinia, A. Shanei
International Journal of Radiation Research.2024; 22(4): 837. CrossRef
Evaluation the benefits of additional radiotherapy for gastric cancer patients after D2 resection using CT based radiomics
Haoze Zheng, Qiao Zheng, Mengmeng Jiang, Didi Chen, Ce Han, Jinling Yi, Yao Ai, Jingyi Yan, Xiance Jin
La radiologia medica.2023; 128(6): 679. CrossRef
The impact of radiation treatment planning technique on unplanned hospital admissions
Sanders Chang, Meng Ru, Erin L. Moshier, Madhu Mazumdar, Doran Ricks, Nathan E. Goldstein, Juan P. Wisnivesky, Kavita V. Dharmarajan
Advances in Radiation Oncology.2018; 3(4): 647. CrossRef
Effects of adjuvant radiotherapy on completely resected gastric cancer: A radiation oncologist’s view of the ARTIST randomized phase III trial
Jeong Il Yu, Do Hoon Lim, Yong Chan Ahn, Jeeyun Lee, Won Ki Kang, Se Hoon Park, Joon Oh Park, Young Suk Park, Ho Yeong Lim, Seung Tae Kim, Sung Kim, Tae Sung Sohn, Min Gew Choi, Jae Moon Bae, Heerim Nam
Radiotherapy and Oncology.2015; 117(1): 171. CrossRef

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Changes in Arterioportal Shunts in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Portal Vein Thrombosis Who Were Treated with Chemoembolization Followed by Radiotherapy: Dongryul Oh, Sung Wook Shin, Hee Chul Park, Sung Ki Cho, Do Hoon Lim, Seung Woon Paik; Cancer Res Treat. 2015;47(2):251-258. Published online October 27, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.011

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose
In this study, we retrospectively investigated the prevalence of arterioportal (AP) shunts in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) and evaluated the changes in AP shunts after chemoembolization followed by external beam radiation therapy (EBRT).
Materials and Methods
We analyzed 54 HCC patients with PVTT who were treated with chemoembolization followed by EBRT. EBRT was uniformly delivered at a total dose of 30 to 45 Gy (median, 35 Gy), with a daily dose of 2 to 4.5 Gy. Angiographic images of chemoembolization before and after radiation therapy (RT) were reviewed to investigate the AP shunt.
Results
During the initial session of chemoembolization, 33 of 54 patients (61%) had an AP shunt. After EBRT, 32 out of 33 patients had an additional session of chemoembolization and were evaluated for a change in the AP shunt. The AP shunt decreased in 20 of 32 patients (63%) after chemoembolization followed by EBRT. The 1-year calculated overall survival (OS) rate for all patients was 52.6% and the 2-year OS was 36.4%. The median OS in all patients was 13 months. Patients with AP shunt showed poorer median OS than those without AP shunt, but there was no statistically significant difference (median, 12 months vs. 17 months).
Conclusion
The AP shunt frequently occurs in HCC patients with PVTT. This study suggests that a poor prognosis is associated with an AP shunt. Chemoembolization followed by RT may produce a decrease in AP shunts.

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Sorafenib plus drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization for early intrahepatic stage-progressed advanced hepatocellular carcinoma refractory to conventional transarterial chemoembolization
Wenzhe Fan, Bowen Zhu, Xinlin Zheng, Shufan Yue, Mingjian Lu, Huishuang Fan, Liangliang Qiao, Fuliang Li, Guosheng Yuan, Yanqin Wu, Xinhua Zou, Hongyu Wang, Miao Xue, Jiaping Li
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2023; 149(5): 1873. CrossRef
Drug-eluting beads TACE is safe and non-inferior to conventional TACE in HCC patients with TIPS
Wenzhe Fan, Jian Guo, Bowen Zhu, Shutong Wang, Lei Yu, Wanchang Huang, Huishuang Fan, Fuliang Li, Yanqin Wu, Yue Zhao, Yu Wang, Miao Xue, Hongyu Wang, Jiaping Li
European Radiology.2021; 31(11): 8291. CrossRef
Diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging after radiation therapy for bone metastases in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Ji Hyun Lee, Gyu Sang Yoo, Young Cheol Yoon, Hee Chul Park, Hyun Su Kim
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Multidisciplinary treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with severe arterioportal shunt: a case report
Yao-chang Luo, Hai-lin Lu, Wen-ling Song, Fei-fei Xuan
Journal of International Medical Research.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt combined with transcatheter embolization/chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma with portal hypertension and arterioportal shunt
Hai-lin Lu, Fei-fei Xuan, Yao-chang Luo, Xiao Qin
Abdominal Radiology.2021; 46(11): 5417. CrossRef
Portal stent with endovascular brachytherapy improves the efficacy of TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma with main portal vein tumor thrombus
Tian Li, Chong Liu, Jin-Tong He, Kai-Da Sui, Zhou-Bo Zhang, Duo Hong, Hong-Ying Su, Hai-Bo Shao
Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International.2020; 19(2): 187. CrossRef
Sorafenib Reduced Significantly Heptopulmonary Shunt in a Large Hepatocelullar Carcinoma
Philippe d'Abadie, Ivan Borbath, Pierre Goffette, Nadia Amini, Renaud Lhommel
Clinical Nuclear Medicine.2019; 44(1): 70. CrossRef
Hepatopulmonary shunting on Tc99m-MAA liver mapping: correlation with dynamic cross-sectional imaging and description of different shunting patterns
Mohammed Bermo, Manuela C. Matesan, Malak Itani, Fatemeh Behnia, Hubert J. Vesselle
Abdominal Radiology.2018; 43(11): 3001. CrossRef
Chemoembolisation with polyvinyl alcohol for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumour thrombosis and arterioportal shunts: efficacy and prognostic factors
L. Xiao, Q. Liu, W. Zhao, H. Pang, Q. Zeng, Y. Chen, J. Zhao, Q. Mei, X. He
Clinical Radiology.2018; 73(12): 1056.e17. CrossRef
Polyvinyl alcohol terminal chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatic arteriovenous shunts: Safety, efficacy, and prognostic factors
Qiu-song Liu, Que-lin Mei, Yan-hao Li
European Journal of Radiology.2017; 89: 277. CrossRef
Is a Technetium-99m Macroaggregated Albumin Scan Essential in the Workup for Selective Internal Radiation Therapy with Yttrium-90? An Analysis of 532 Patients
Lidia Sancho, Macarena Rodriguez-Fraile, Jose Ignacio Bilbao, Carmen Beorlegui Arteta, Mercedes Iñarrairaegui, Veronica Moran, Bruno Sangro
Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology.2017; 28(11): 1536. CrossRef
Clinical impact of combined transarterial chemoembolization and radiotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: An external validation study
Jeong Il Yu, Jae Won Park, Hee Chul Park, Sang Min Yoon, Do Hoon Lim, Joon Hyeok Lee, Han Chu Lee, Seon Woo Kim, Jong Hoon Kim
Radiotherapy and Oncology.2016; 118(2): 408. CrossRef

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Radical Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Cancer of Uterine Cervix: Jeung Eun Lee, Seung Jae Huh, Won Park, Do Hoon Lim, Yong Chan Ahn, Chang Soo Park, Byoung Gie Kim, Duk Soo Bae, Je Ho Lee, Chong Taik Park, Tae Jin Kim, Kyung Taek Lim, Hwan Wook Chung, Ki Heon Lee, Jae Uk Shim; Cancer Res Treat. 2004;36(4):222-227. Published online August 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2004.36.4.222

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Purpose

This study was performed to evaluate the treatment results, prognostic factors and complication rates in patients with locally advanced cancer of uterine cervix after radiotherapy with high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy.

Materials and Methods

One hundred and twenty patients with a locally advanced (stages IIB~IVA according to FIGO classification) carcinoma of the uterine cervix were treated with radiotherapy at the Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center between September 1994 and December 2001. The median age of the patients was 61 years (range 29 to 81). Sixty-one, 56 and 3 patients had FIGO stage IIB, III, and IV diseases, respectively. All patients were given external beam radiotherapy over the whole pelvis (median 50.4 Gy) and HDR intracavitary brachytherapy, with a median of 4 Gy per fraction, to point A. Twenty-one patients received chemotherapy, of which 13 and 21 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy, respectively, during the first and fourth weeks of external beam radiotherapy. The chemotherapy was not randomly assigned and the median follow-up time was 28.5 months (range: 6~100 months).

Results

The three- and 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 64.4 and 57.0%, and 63.7 and 60.2%, respectively. The 5-year OS and DFS rates of the patients at stages IIB, III and IV were 60.2, 57.9 and 33.3%, and 57.4, 65.4 and 33.3%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that the FIGO stage, overall treatment time (OTT) and treatment response were significant variables for the OS (p=0.035, p=0.0649 and p=0.0009) and of the DFS (p=0.0009, p=0.0359 and p=0.0363). Multivariate analysis showed that the treatment response was the only significant variable for the OS (p=0.0018) and OTT for the DFS (p=0.0360). The overall incidence of late complications in the rectum and bladder were 11.7 and 6.7%, respectively. In addition, insufficiency fractures were observed in 7 patients (5.8%).

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that radical radiotherapy with HDR brachytherapy was appropriate for the treatment of locally advanced uterine cervix cancer. Also, the response after treatment and OTT are significant prognostic factors.

Citations

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Bilateral cervical cancer in a complete septate uterus with a double cervix and vagina: a case report
Li Wang, Zi Liu
Journal of International Medical Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Pooled Analysis of external-beam RADiotherapy parameters in phase II and phase III trials in radiochemotherapy in Anal Cancer (PARADAC)
Eleonor Rivin del Campo, Oscar Matzinger, Karin Haustermans, Didier Peiffert, Robert Glynne-Jones, Kathryn A. Winter, Andre A. Konski, Jaffer A. Ajani, Jean-François Bosset, Jean-Michel Hannoun-Levi, Marc Puyraveau, A. Bapsi Chakravarthy, Helen Meadows, J
European Journal of Cancer.2019; 121: 130. CrossRef
Predictors of Radiation Field Failure After Definitive Chemoradiation in Patients With Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Hyo Sook Bae, Yeon-Joo Kim, Myong Cheol Lim, Sang-Soo Seo, Sang-yoon Park, Sokbom Kang, Sun Ho Kim, Joo-Young Kim
International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer.2016; 26(4): 737. CrossRef
High expression of mTOR is associated with radiation resistance in cervical cancer
Min-Kyu Kim, Tae-Joong Kim, Chang Ok Sung, Chel Hun Choi, Jeong-Won Lee, Byoung-Gie Kim, Duk-Soo Bae
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology.2010; 21(3): 181. CrossRef
Increased expression of pAKT is associated with radiation resistance in cervical cancer
T-J Kim, J-W Lee, S Y Song, J-J Choi, C H Choi, B-G Kim, J-H Lee, D-S Bae
British Journal of Cancer.2006; 94(11): 1678. CrossRef

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The Relation between Histopathologic Findings on Surgical Specimen and Outcomes in Patients with N2 Positive Stage IIIA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Receiving Preoperative Concurrent Radiochemotherapy and Surgery: Bo Kyong Kim, Kyoung Ju Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Do Hoon Lim, Won Park, Joungho Han, Keunchil Park, Kwan Min Kim, Jhingook Kim, Young Mog Shim; Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35(6):497-501. Published online December 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2003.35.6.497

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the prognostic implication of histopathologic findings on the surgical specimens of N2 positive stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who were treated with preoperative concurrent radiochemotherapy (CRCT) and surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From May 1997 to April 2000, 48 patients with N2 positive stage IIIA NSCLC were treated with preoperative CRCT and surgery. Retrospective analyses were performed on 33 patients who underwent surgical resection. The thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) dose was 45 Gy over 5 weeks with a 1.8 Gy daily fraction using 10 MV X-rays. Chemotherapy consisted of two cycles of intravenous cisplatin (100 mg/m2, on days 1 and 29) and oral etoposide (50 mg/m2/day, on days 1~14 and 29~42), concurrently delivered with TRT. Surgery was performed around 4 weeks of the completion of CRCT. The median follow up was 18 months. The histopathologic findings, including the proportions of viable tumor cells, fibrosis, and necrosis, as well as the tumor and nodal statuses on the surgical specimens following the preoperative CRCT, were analyzed. RESULTS: The 3-year overall survival, disease-free survival, and local control rates were 46.1%, 49.5%, and 85.5%, respectively. Post-surgical stages decreased in 18 patients (54.5%), including 3 pathologic complete responses, were unchanged in 13 (39.4%), and increased in two (6.1%). On univariate analyses, the low proportion of the viable tumor cells was the only factor favorably affecting the overall survival rate (p=0.0386), and the histologic type of squamous cell carcinoma was a favorable factor affecting disease free survival rate (p=0.0452). On multivariate analyses, however, no factor affected the overall survival, disease free survival, or local control rates. CONCLUSION: The histopathologic findings of the proportion of viable tumor cells, fibrosis, and necrosis on the surgical specimens following preoperative CRCT had few prognostic implications on uni-and multi-variate analyses. Furthermore, the primary tumor and nodal responses to preoperative CRCT did not influence the outcomes. Longer-term follow-up with a larger number of patients, however, is awaited.

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High Dose Radiation Therapy Concurrent with Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Nasopharynx Cancer: Min Kyu Kang, Yong Chan Ahn, Won Park, Keunchil Park, Chung Hwan Baek, Young Ik Son, Jeong Eun Lee, Young Je Park, Hee Rim Nam, Kyoung Ju Kim, Do Hoon Lim, Seung Jae Huh; Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35(5):391-399. Published online October 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2003.35.5.391

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Here, our results from a prospective treatment protocol of concurrent radiochemotherapy (CRCT), which was conducted for locally advanced nasopharynx cancers, between April 1994 and May 2001, are reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 52 consecutive eligible patients were accumulated for this protocol. The median radiation doses to the primary site, involved nodes and uninvolved neck were 72, 61.2 and 45 Gy, using a serial shrinking field technique. The boost techniques were 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy in 45, intracavitary brachytherapy in 3 and 2-dimensional radiation therapy, with multiple small fields, in 2 patients. Two chemotherapy regimens were used: the first regimen, used in 8 patients during the earlier part of the study duration, consisted of 2 cycles of cisplatin plus 5- fluorouracil every 4 weeks, with concurrent radiation therapy, and 4 cycles with the same agents every 4 weeks, adjuvantly; the second regimen, used in 44 patients during the later part, consisted of 3 cycles of cisplatin every 3 weeks, with concurrent radiation therapy and 3 cycles of adjuvant cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil every 3 weeks. RESULTS: The median follow-up period of the survivors was 32 months. The male to female ratio was 36/16, with a median age of 48 years. The stages, according to the new AJCC staging system (1997), were IIb in 6, III in 23, IVa in 14 and IVb in 9 patients. Fifty and 32 patients completed the planned radiation therapy and concurrent chemotherapy, respectively. Two patients died, 1 of septic shock during the CRCT and the other of malnutrition during the adjuvant chemotherapy. There were 12 failures in 11 patients: 7 locoregional recurrences, 1 within and 6 outside the radiation target volume, and 5 distant metastases. The locoregional control, disease-free survival and overall survival rates were 84.3, 78.8 and 92.8% at 3 years, respectively. CONCLUSION: High dose radiation therapy, coupled with concurrent chemotherapy, was judged a highly effective treatment for locally advanced nasopharynx cancers.

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Combined Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy for Primary CNS Lymphoma: Jeong Eun Lee, Dae Yong Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Do Hoon Lim, Seung Jae Huh, Seong Soo Shin, Won Seok Kim, Won Ki Kang, Do Hyun Nam, Jung Il Lee, Jong Hyun Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2001;33(5):398-403. Published online October 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2001.33.5.398

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was performed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT) in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 1995 to August 1999, 21 patients with a diagnosis of PCNSL were treated with combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Their median age was 47 years with range of 19 to 78 years. Twelve patients were male and nine patients were female. All patients were immunocompetent and they had no evidence of systemic lymphoma. All patients underwent placement of an Ommaya reservoir and recieved a combination regimen using pre-RT systemic and intra-Ommaya methotrexate (MTX), 40 Gy whole-brain RT with a 14.4 Gy boost, and 2 courses of post-RT high-dose cytarabine. The median follow-up period of all patients and survived patients were 22 months and 36 months, respectively.
RESULTS
The median overall survival duration was 21 months and the overall two- and four-year survival rates were 51% and 43%, respectively. Complete response (CR), partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease were achieved in 12, 3, 1, and 5 patients, respectively. All nine patients without CR expired within 1-31 months (median 6 months). Two patients among the patients with CR developed recurrence after 13 and 14 months, respectively. The location of recurrent disease was within the port of radiation boost. Survival was influenced by age, performance status, and CR. There was one episode of MTX neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity,respectively.
CONCLUSION
Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy was an effective treatment for PCNSL, and was associated with a minimum toxicity. However, we must pay attention to the recurrence and late toxicity, particularly within two years following treatment.

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Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Intracranial Schwannoma: Dae Yong Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Jung Il Lee, Do Hyun Nam, Jeong Eun Lee, Do Hoon Lim, Inhwan J Yeo, Seung Jae Huh, Young Joo Noh, Hyung Jin Shin, Kwan Park, Jong Hyun Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2001;33(1):27-33.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To assess the radiologic response and cranial nerve morbidity in intracranial schwannoma patients treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-six patients with intracranial schwannoma were treated with linear accelerator- based SRS or FSRT between February 1995 and October 1999. The origin of schwannoma was acoustic nerve in twenty-one patients, facial nerve in two, trigeminal nerve in two, and glossopharyngeal nerve in one. SRS were performed with the median peripheral dose of 14 Gy (range 12-16), and FSRT were done with the median peripheral dose of 25 2 Gy (range 50-60).
RESULTS
With a median follow-up period of 33 months (range 12-67), the local control rate was 100%. Tumorregression was noted in eleven patients, and tumor stabilization was found in the remaining fifteen. Useful hearing preservation was achieved in two of three patients. Facial nerve neuropathy was shown in two patients and one patients developed trigeminal nerve neuropathy.
CONCLUSION
Stereotactic radiotherapy including SRS and FSRT provided excellent local control in intracranial schwannoma. It shows the possibility of a high rate of hearing preservation and an acceptable neurotoxicity, although the number of patients are small and follow-up is relatively short.

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Preliminary Results of Postoperative Radiotherapy after Breast Conserving Surgery in Early Breast Cancer: Seung Hee Chang, Seung Jae Huh, Jung Hyun Yang, Do Hoon Lim, Seok Jin Nam, Sung Soo Yoon, Yong Chan Ahn, Dae Yong Kim, Suk Won Park, Moon Kyung Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(4):775-782.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate treatment results of breast conserving surgery and radiation therapy including survival rates, patterns of failure, and complication and to analyze prognostic factors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Retrospective analysis was carried out for 111 (112 cases) consecutive patients with breast cancer treated by radiation therapy after breast conserving surgery from October 1994 to April 1997. The median follow up was 45 months (range 10~66). AJCC staging was as follows: 16 cases (14%) for ductal carcinoma in situ, 46 cases (41%) for stage I, 33 cases (30%) for stage IIa, and 17 cases (15%) for stage IIb. Radiation therapy after breast conserving surgery was delivered to whole breast with 50.4 Gy and additional 10 Gy electron beam boost to tumor bed. Adjuvant CMF or CAF chemotherapy was performed in 61 patients.
RESULTS
Overall three- and five-year survivals were 99% and 95%, and progression-free survival were 93%, 87%, respectively. Treatment failure occurred in 11 cases (10%); loco-regional recur rence in six; distant metastasis in five. Univariate analysis showed prognostic factor affecting survival was only T-stage. Acute radiation dermatitis were found in five cases (4%), and chronic complications were found in five (4%); one case with amputation of nipple, two cases with lymphedema requiring rehabilitation therapy and two cases with symptomatic radiation pneu monitis requiring steroid therapy.
CONCLUSION
Breast conserving therapy of early breast cancer including ductal carcinoma in situ showed high survival rates and low complications, and T stage was prognostic factor for survival. But further follow-up should be needed.

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Limb - Conserving Surgery and Interstitial Brachytherapy Plus External Radiation Therapy in Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcoma: Yong Chan Ahn, Do Hoon Lim, Jai Gon Seo, Moon Kyung Kim, Hong Gyun Wu, Dae Young Kim, Seung Jae Huh; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(3):599-607.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
In order to avoid functional disability that may be caused by radical excision or amputation in extremity soft tissue sarcomas, authors employed limb-conserving surgery together with extemal radiation therapy plus interstitial brachytherapy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From June 1995 to Febrary 1997, 10 extremity soft tissue sarcoma patients were treated with limb-conserving surgery and external radiation therapy plus interstitial brachytherapy. In six patients, whose histologic diagnoses were made at the time of surgery, wide or marginal excision and interstitial brachytherapy was done 4 weeks before postoperative external radiation therapy. In four patients whose histologic confinnations were done before definitive treatment, preoperative external radiation therapy was given 4 weeks before surgery and interstitial brachytherapy. The types of surgery were wide excision in five patients, and marginal excision in five patients. Gross or microscopic residual was left at the surgical resection margins in four patients. The brachytherapy dose ranged from 17.5 Gy to 24 Gy and external beam radiation did from 40 Gy to 45 Gy.
RESULTS
With the median follow-up duration of 21.5 months(range: 13 to 29 months); one local recurrence, and three new distant metastases were observed. There were three patients with wound complications attributable to the current treatment regimen.
CONCLUSION
Satisfactory local tumor control may be achievable with limb-conserving surgery and external radiation therapy plus brachytherapy in patients with extremity soft tissue sarcomas, while more caution should be used to avoid wound problems.

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Fractionated Stereotactic Radiation Therapy for Intracranial Malignant Tumor: Preliminary Results of Clinical Application: Dae Young Kim, Yong Chan Ahn, Seung Jae Huh, Dong Rak Choi, Jung Il Lee, Jong Hyun Kim, Hyung Jin Shin, Do Hoon Lim, Hong Gyun Wu; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(3):583-590.

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy(FSRT) is a new modality that combines the accurate focal dose delivery of stereotactic radiosurgery with the biological advantages of conventional radiotherapy. We report our early experience using FSRT for intracranial malignant tumor.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between October 1995 and December 1996, 16 patients(9 males and 7 females aged between 10~64 years) with central nerve system malignancy were treated using FSRT. Sixteen patients had the following diagnosis: 6 high-grade gliomas, 1 pineoblastoma, 4 germinomas, 2 medulloblastomas, and 3 solitary brain metastases. Using the Gill-Thomas-Cosman relocatable head frame and multiple non-coplanar therapy, the daily dose of 2 Gy(3 Gy in metastasis) was irradiated at 85~100% isodose surface.
RESULTS
Although the follow-up period is relatively short(range; 2~18 months), post- treatment clinical courses in 16 patients have been consistent with changes similar to those found after conventional radiation therapy. No significant adverse effects were observed in our neurological and radiological studies. Four out of 5 patients with high grade glioma died from progressive disease, surviving from 7 to 17 months(median 14 months), but patients with pineoblastoma, germinoma and medulloblastoma showed no evidence of recurrence. All patients with metastasis obtained a neurologic response, but two among them died with extracranial progression and one die from multiple intracranial metastasis.In overall patient setup with scalp measurements, reproducibility was found to have mean of 1.1+/-0.6 mm from the baseline reading.
CONCLUSION
FSRT and relocatable stereotactic head frames were well tolerated with minimal transient acute side effects. Subacute or late complications were not observed, because the follow-up period was short. We expect that FSRT might be a good indication for; recurrent disease with previous radiation therapy history, tumors of relatively large volume, lesions adjacent to radiosensitive organs, and as a boost, following conventional radiation therapy.

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