Cancer Research and Treatment

Original Article

Gastrointestinal cancer

Effectiveness and Safety of Regorafenib and TAS-102 in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Taiwan: Ya-Wen Chang, Chun-Nan Kuo, Chia-Lun Chang, Jason C. Hsu, Yu Ko; Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57(3):830-839. Published online November 18, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2024.376

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Purpose
This study aimed to examine the real-world effectiveness and safety of regorafenib and trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients in Taiwan.
Materials and Methods
Data were extracted from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database to evaluate the clinical outcomes of mCRC patients treated with either regorafenib or TAS-102 between 2016 and 2019. Overall survival (OS) was compared using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox’s proportional hazard models, adjusting for age, sex, Quan-CCI score, liver metastases, number of metastatic sites, and the use of anti–epidermal growth factor receptor medications. Additionally, OS was compared between regorafenib monotherapy and TAS-102 monotherapy, excluding patients who had received both regorafenib and TAS-102.
Results
A total of 2,608 patients in the regorafenib group and 521 patients in the TAS-102 group were identified. The median OS was 6.5 months for regorafenib and 7.5 months for TAS-102, with a significant difference observed (p=0.001). The mean duration of treatment was similar for regorafenib and TAS-102 (108 days vs. 101 days) with no significant difference. The safety profiles of the two drugs were distinct; a higher proportion of patients in the regorafenib group had hypertension and hand-foot skin reaction while nausea and vomiting were more common in the TAS-102 group. In the subgroup analysis, patients receiving TAS-102 monotherapy showed significantly longer OS than those receiving regorafenib monotherapy.
Conclusion
The findings of this study indicated that TAS-102 had superior survival outcomes compared to regorafenib in mCRC patients. This study provides insights into the effectiveness and safety profiles of regorafenib and TAS-102 in Taiwan.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Optimizing third-line and beyond therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer in Taiwan: an evidence-based consensus
Pei-Hung Chang, Meng-Che Hsieh, Hao-Wei Teng, Yi-Hsin Liang, Hong-Hwa Chen, Hung-Chih Hsu, Jeng-Kai Jiang, Feng-Fan Chiang, Johnson Lin, Been-Ren Lin, Yao-Yu Hsieh, Tao-Wei Ke, Feng-Che Kuan, Wen-Shih Huang, Bo-Wen Lin, Yu-Yao Chang, Yu-Li Su, William Tzu
Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
A single-arm phase II trial of UGT1A1 genotype–guided high-dose irinotecan rechallenge in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer
Hana Kim, Joohyun Hong, Sun-Young Kong, Moon Ki Choi
Frontiers in Oncology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef

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