This is a case report about benign metastasizing leiomyoma with multiple lymph node metastasis. A 34-year-old woman received an abdominal myomectomy for a suspicious leiomyoma.
On the pathology report, atypical leiomyoma was suspected.
Due to the suspicion of multiple lymph node metastasis on pelvis computed tomography (CT) 1 year after the operation, she was transferred to the Samsung Medical Center on October, 2009 for further work up. According to original slide review, it was determined to be a benign leiomyoma with a mitotic count <5/10 high-power fields, little cytological atypia and no tumor cell necrosis. Additional immunostaining was done. Multiple lymph node metastasis and a small lung nodule were identified on positron emission tomogarphy-CT and chest CT. Extensive debulking surgery and diagnostic video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) wedge resection were subsequently done. Metastatic lesions were reported to have a histology similar to that of the original mass. VATS right upper lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed because of the pathology result of VATS (adenocarcinoma). She started taking an aromatase inhibitor (Letrozole(R)) and there was no evidence of recurrence of disease on an imaging study and no post-operative complications until recently.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Clinical Characteristics and Diagnostic-Therapeutic Analysis of Pulmonary Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma: A 10-Case Retrospective Study and Systematic Review Jiantao Zhang, Xiaonu Peng, Zheng Zhang The American Surgeon™.2026; 92(3): 730. CrossRef
A unique triple association: intravascular leiomyomatosis, benign metastasizing leiomyoma, and early-stage endometrial carcinoma Taha Berk Çimen, Murat Cengiz, Onur Can Zaim, Bilal Esat Temiz, Murat Gültekin, Utku Akgor AJOG Global Reports.2026; 6(2): 100639. CrossRef
Benign metastasizing leiomyoma: a rare case of osseous involvement Rebecca H. Chun, Christin A. Tiegs-Heiden, Geoffrey Halling, Daniel A. Adamo, Thomas D. Atwell Skeletal Radiology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular genetic analysis of pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma and intravenous leiomyomatosis: a comparative study using whole exome sequencing Jin Li, Jiafei Zeng, Shuai Luo, Jinjing Wang Discover Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Benign metastatic leiomyoma: literature review Kh. B. Kotiv, E. M. Khmelevskaia, I. V. Berlev Tumors of female reproductive system.2025; 21(2): 115. CrossRef
CT-Occult Primary Benign Tracheobronchial Neoplasms: A Single-Center 40-Case Clinicopathologic Series Qiliang Liu, Yan Hu, Minhui Mei, Xuan Wang, Jun Li, Chao Quan, Peng Liu International Journal of General Medicine.2025; Volume 18: 5765. CrossRef
Pulmonary Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma in a Postmenopausal Woman: A Case Report and Review of the Literature Aleksandra Piórek, Adam Płużański, Piotr Wiśniewski, Sylwia Tabor, Kinga Winiarczyk, Magdalena Knetki-Wróblewska, Dariusz M. Kowalski, Maciej Krzakowski Diseases.2024; 12(8): 181. CrossRef
Leiomiomatosis pulmonar benigna metastatizante: una causa rara de nódulos pulmonares. Reporte de caso María Angélica Moreno Carrillo, María Carolina Torres, Alfredo Saavedra, Rafael Parra Medina Revista Colombiana de Neumología.2024; 36(1): 48. CrossRef
Benign metastasizing uterine leiomyoma with lymphatic and pulmonary metastases: a case report and literature review Tong Tong, Qiong Fan, Yudong Wang, Yuhong Li BMC Women's Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Pulmonary benign metastasizing uterine leiomyoma (PBML): a case report and review of the literature Mark R. Brincat, Sarah Lam Shang Leen, Asma Faruqi, Michail Sideris, Kelvin Kar Wing Lau, Alexandra Lawrence Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2023; 85(7): 3686. CrossRef
Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma of the Lung: Diagnostic Process and Treatment Based on Three Case Reports and a Review of the Literature Małgorzata Edyta Wojtyś, Olga Kacalska-Janssen, Konrad Ptaszyński, Piotr Lisowski, Michał Kunc, Janusz Wójcik, Tomasz Grodzki Biomedicines.2022; 10(10): 2465. CrossRef
A case report of atypical uterine leiomyoma Yun Sook Kim, Hyun Joo Lee Medicine: Case Reports and Study Protocols.2021; 3(11): e0168. CrossRef
Metastatic leiomyoma or synchronous lesion of the uteri corpus and vulva? I. V. Barinova, S. N. Buyanova, N. I. Kondrikov, N. A. Shchukina, I. N. Voloshchuk, M. V. Mgeliashvili, S. A. Petrakova, A. A. Aksenova Arkhiv patologii.2020; 82(1): 62. CrossRef
Lung metastases from benign uterine leiomyoma: does 18-FDG-PET/CT have a role to play? Feras Abu Saadeh, Ciaran O. Riain, Ciara Mc Cormack, Noreen Gleeson Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -).2019; 188(2): 619. CrossRef
Benign metastasising leiomyoma with lymph node metastases in a patient with endometrial cancer after caesarean section Serra Akar, Serdar Ugras, Gozde Sahin, Fatih Demir, Çetin Çelik Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.2019; 39(3): 420. CrossRef
Benign metastasizing leiomyoma presenting with miliary pattern and fatal outcome: Case report with molecular analysis & review of the literature Kenneth Ofori, Helen Fernandes, Matthew Cummings, Thomas Colby, Anjali Saqi Respiratory Medicine Case Reports.2019; 27: 100831. CrossRef
Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Agonist Plus Aromatase Inhibitor in the Treatment of Uterine Leiomyoma in Near Menopause Patient: A Case Series Study Sanam Moradan Journal of Menopausal Medicine.2018; 24(1): 62. CrossRef
The Heart as a Site of Metastasis of Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature Mariam Meddeb, Robert D. Chow, Randolph Whipps, Reyaz Haque Case Reports in Cardiology.2018; 2018: 1. CrossRef
BENIGN UTERUS CANCER WITH LUNG METASTASES: LEIOMYOMATOSIS, LYMPHANGIOLEIMYOMATOSIS, THORACIC ENDOMETRIOSIS (LITERATURE REVIEW, PERSONAL CLINCIAL OBSERVATIONS) Леншин, Anatoliy Lenshin, Ильин, Andrey Il'in, Демура, Ol'ga Demura, Крайнов, Sergey Kraynov, Побережский, Aleksey Poberezhskiy Bulletin physiology and pathology of respiration .2017; : 30. CrossRef
Benign metastasizing leiomyoma and 18-FDG-PET/CT: A case report and literature review Yusuke Sawai, Toshiki Shimizu, Yuta Yamanaka, Maiko Niki, Shosaku Nomura Oncology Letters.2017; 14(3): 3641. CrossRef
Mesothelial cell deposits in lymph nodes—a diagnostic pitfall Archana Pandita, Vladimir Osipov Annals of Diagnostic Pathology.2016; 25: 31. CrossRef
Recommendations and Technical Aspects of 16α-[18F]Fluoro-17β-Estradiol PET to Image the Estrogen Receptor In Vivo Clasina M. Venema, Giulia Apollonio, Geke A.P. Hospers, Carolina P. Schröder, Rudi A.J.O. Dierckx, Erik F.J. de Vries, Andor W.J.M. Glaudemans Clinical Nuclear Medicine.2016; 41(11): 844. CrossRef
Single benign metastasising leiomyoma of an inguinal lymph node Kamil G Laban, Roberto E Tobon-Morales, Janice A L Hodge, Henk W R Schreuder BMJ Case Reports.2016; 2016: bcr2016216546. CrossRef
Leiomyomas beyond the uterus; benign metastasizing leiomyomatosis with paraaortic metastasizing endometriosis and intravenous leiomyomatosis: a case series and review of the literature Mohamad S. Mahmoud, Kavita Desai, Farr R. Nezhat Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics.2015; 291(1): 223. CrossRef
Benign pulmonary metastasizing leiomyoma of the uterus: A case report HUI MA, JIE CAO Oncology Letters.2015; 9(3): 1347. CrossRef
Single-port laparoscopic debulking surgery of variant benign metastatic leiomyomatosis with simultaneous lymphatic spreading and intraperitoneal seeding Yoo Hyun Chung, Suk Woo Lee, So Young Shin, Chae Chun Rhim, Soyoung Im, Sie Hyeon Yoo, Joo Hee Yoon Obstetrics & Gynecology Science.2015; 58(4): 314. CrossRef
Benign metastasizing leiomyoma of the lung: A case report and literature review WEI-TIAN WEI, PENG-CHENG CHEN Oncology Letters.2015; 10(1): 307. CrossRef
Difficulty in complete transarterial embolization for pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma with massive hemoptysis Masaya Miyazaki, Akie Nakayama, Daichi Noda, Yasunobu Maehara, Yoshito Tsushima Japanese Journal of Radiology.2014; 32(1): 53. CrossRef
Pulmonary leiomyomas in a patient with bilateral renal cell cancer mimicking pulmonary metastases Ying-Yi Chen, Seng-Tang Wu, Hsian-Her Hsu, Ya-Cheng Chen, Shih-Chun Lee, Hung Chang, Tsai-Wang Huang Clinical Imaging.2014; 38(3): 330. CrossRef
Incidental Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma in a Patient with Bone Sarcoma: A Case Report Zanndor Jacob del Real-Romo, Carlos Montero-Cantú, Oscar Villegas-Cabello, José Antonio Díaz-Elizondo, Danae Reyes-Salas, Rene Palomo-Hoil, Guillermo Peralta-Castillo, David Martínez-Sánchez, Eduardo Flores-Villalba Case Reports in Surgery.2014; 2014: 1. CrossRef
Metastasizing Leiomyoma to Heart Erin N. Consamus, Michael J. Reardon, Alberto G. Ayala, Mary R. Schwartz, Jae Y. Ro Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal.2014; 10(4): 251. CrossRef
METASTASISING LEIOMYOMA- A CASE REPORT Krishna Govindan, Sheela Kuzhiveli Mohammed Ali, Lekshmy Kausthubham Sudheendran Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences.2014; 7(42): 4591. CrossRef
Benign Metastatic Leiomyoma Presenting as a Hemothorax Anna M. Ponea, Creticus P. Marak, Harmeen Goraya, Achuta K. Guddati Case Reports in Oncological Medicine.2013; 2013: 1. CrossRef
Novel hormone treatment of benign metastasizing leiomyoma: an analysis of five cases and literature review Erin I. Lewis, Rebecca J. Chason, Alan H. DeCherney, Alicia Armstrong, John Elkas, Aradhana M. Venkatesan Fertility and Sterility.2013; 99(7): 2017. CrossRef
Sex-specific lung diseases: effect of oestrogen on cultured cells and in animal models Bosung Shim, Gustavo Pacheco-Rodriguez, Jiro Kato, Thomas N. Darling, Martha Vaughan, Joel Moss European Respiratory Review.2013; 22(129): 302. CrossRef
Pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma: a case report and review of the literature Yili Fu, Hui Li, Bo Tian, Bin Hu World Journal of Surgical Oncology.2012;[Epub] CrossRef