Cancer Research and Treatment

Volume 43(3); September 2011

Original Articles

Trends in Cancer Screening Rates among Korean Men and Women: Results from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS), 2004-2010: Eun-Ha Lee, Hoo-Yeon Lee, Kui Son Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Eun-Cheol Park, Jin Soo Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(3):141-147. Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.3.141

PURPOSE
The Korean National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS) is a continuous nationwide survey implemented by the National Cancer Center in Korea since 2004. The purpose of the present study was to report trends in cancer screening rates for the five major cancers (stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, and cervix uteri) in Korean men and women.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study used KNCSS data collected between 2004 and 2010. The survey was conducted on Korean men aged 40-74 years and Korean women aged 30-74 years with no history of cancer diagnosis. The annual percentage change and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used to examine changes in annual screening rates.
RESULTS
Screening rates with recommendation increased by 4.4% annually for stomach cancer, 1.5% for liver cancer, 2.8% per year for colorectal cancer, 4.5% for breast cancer, and 1.2% for cervix uteri cancer. The increasing trend in cancer screening rates, with the exception of liver cancer, was significant.
CONCLUSION
Cancer screening rates have increased consistently from 2004 to 2010 among Korean men and women. Stomach and breast cancer screening rates in particular have increased markedly.

Citations

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Image-enhanced endoscopy in upper gastrointestinal disease: focusing on texture and color enhancement imaging and red dichromatic imaging
Jae Yong Park
Clinical Endoscopy.2025; 58(2): 163. CrossRef
A 6-year nationwide population-based study on the current status of gastric endoscopic resection in Korea using administrative data
Jae Yong Park, Mi-Sook Kim, Beom Jin Kim, Jae Gyu Kim
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Is the high proportion of young age at breast cancer onset a unique feature of Asian breast cancer?
Se Kyung Lee, Seok Won Kim, Jong-Han Yu, Jeong Eon Lee, Ji Young Kim, Joohyun Woo, Seokwon Lee, Eun-Kyu Kim, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Sung Sang Ko, Seok Jin Nam
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.2019; 173(1): 189. CrossRef
A Theory-Based and Culturally Aligned Training Program on Breast and Cervical Cancer Prevention for South Asian Community Health Workers
Winnie K.W. So, Alice N.L. Kwong, Joanne M.T. Chen, Joanne C.Y. Chan, Bernard M.H. Law, Janet W.H. Sit, Carmen W.H. Chan
Cancer Nursing.2019; 42(2): E20. CrossRef
Effects of Screening on Gastric Cancer Management: Comparative Analysis of the Results in 2006 and in 2011
Yun Gyoung Kim, Seong-Ho Kong, Seung-Young Oh, Kyung-Goo Lee, Yun-Suhk Suh, Jun-Young Yang, Jeongmin Choi, Sang Gyun Kim, Joo-Sung Kim, Woo Ho Kim, Hyuk-Joon Lee, Han-Kwang Yang
Journal of Gastric Cancer.2014; 14(2): 129. CrossRef
A comparison of dosimetric parameters between tomotherapy and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in rectal cancer
Mina Yu, Joo Hwan Lee, Hong Seok Jang, Dong Min Jeon, Jae Suk Cheon, Hyo Chun Lee, Jong Hoon Lee
Radiation Oncology.2013;[Epub] CrossRef
Is esophagogastroduodenoscopy necessary in patients with positive fecal occult blood tests and negative colonoscopy?
Ja Sung Choi, Jin Yi Choi, Hyeon Geun Cho, Ki Jun Han, Hee Man Kim, Jae Hee Cho, Yu Jin Kim
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2013; 48(6): 657. CrossRef
The Status for Radiation Treatment of Cancer Patients focused on Busan Area
Euntae Park, Sungkwang Park
Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology.2013; 7(2): 151. CrossRef
The National Cancer Screening Program for Breast Cancer in the Republic of Korea: Is it Cost-Effective?
Moon Hae Kang, Eun-Cheol Park, Kui Son Choi, MiNa Suh, Jae Kwan Jun, Eun Cho
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2013; 14(3): 2059. CrossRef
Cancer Screening in Korea, 2012: Results from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey
Mina Suh, Kui Son Choi, Yoon Young Lee, Boyoung Park, Jae Kwan Jun
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2013; 14(11): 6459. CrossRef
Circulating Methylated Septin 9 Nucleic Acid in the Plasma of Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer in the Stomach and Colon
Hye Seung Lee, Sang Mee Hwang, Taek Soo Kim, Duck-Woo Kim, Do Joong Park, Sung-Bum Kang, Hyung-Ho Kim, Kyoung Un Park
Translational Oncology.2013; 6(3): 290. CrossRef
A Prospective Study on the Incidence of Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism in Korean Gastric Cancer Patients: An Inquiry into the Application of Western Guidelines to Asian Cancer Patients
Jin Won Kim, Eun Ju Chun, Sang Il Choi, Do Joong Park, Hyung-Ho Kim, Soo-Mee Bang, Min Jeong Kim, Ju-Hee Lee, Moon-Soo Lee, Jeong-Ok Lee, Yu Jung Kim, Jee Hyun Kim, Jong Seok Lee, Keun-Wook Lee, Ju-Seog Lee
PLoS ONE.2013; 8(4): e61968. CrossRef
Obesity and Screening Compliance for Breast and Cervical Cancer in Korean Women
Jin Kyun Park, Hyun Ah Park, Jin Joo Park, Young Gyu Cho
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2012; 13(7): 3271. CrossRef
Increasing Trend of Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Korea, 1999-2009
Aesun Shin, Kyee-Zu Kim, Kyu-Won Jung, Sohee Park, Young-Joo Won, Jeongseon Kim, Dae Yong Kim, Jae Hwan Oh
Cancer Research and Treatment.2012; 44(4): 219. CrossRef
Awareness and Practice of Breast Self-examination among Korean Women: Results from a Nationwide Survey
Bit-Na Yoo, Kui-Son Choi, Kyu-Won Jung, Jae-Kwan Jun
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2012; 13(1): 123. CrossRef
Time to follow up after an abnormal finding in organized gastric cancer screening in Korea
Hoo-Yeon Lee, Kui Son Choi, Jae Kwan Jun, Myung-Il Hahm, Eun-Cheol Park
BMC Cancer.2012;[Epub] CrossRef
Current status of the National Cancer Screening Program for cervical cancer in Korea, 2009
Young Hwa Lee, Kui Son Choi, Hoo-Yeon Lee, Jae Kwan Jun
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology.2012; 23(1): 16. CrossRef

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Modified FOLFIRI as Second-Line Chemotherapy after Failure of Modified FOLFOX-4 in Advanced Gastric Cancer: Eun Kyoung Jeon, Sook Hee Hong, Tae Hee Kim, Seung Eun Jung, Ji Chan Park, Hye-Sung Won, Yoon-Ho Ko, Sang Young Rho, Young Seon Hong; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(3):148-153. Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.3.148

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate efficacy and toxicity of irinotecan, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil (FOLFIRI) as second-line treatment after failure of oxaliplatin, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil (FOLFOX) for advanced gastric cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients who received modified FOLFOX-4 as first-line treatment and then received sequential modified FOLFIRI for disease progression were included in this study. The modified FOLFIRI regimen consisted of irinotecan 150 mg/m2 in a 90-minute intravenous infusion on day 1, leucovorin (LV) 20 mg/m2 and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 400 mg/m2 as a bolus followed by 600 mg/m2 as a 22-hour infusion on days 1 and 2 with the same dose of 5-FU/LV of modified FOLFOX-4 every 2 weeks.
RESULTS
A total of 32 patients received 126 courses of FOLFIRI chemotherapy. No complete response was achieved. Three patients (9.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0 to 20.1%) achieved partial response, whereas 11 (34.4%; 95% CI, 17.0 to 51.8%) patients showed stable disease. Disease control rate (complete response, partial responses and stable diseases) was 43.8% (95% CI, 25.6 to 61.9%) and median follow up duration was 11.3 months (range, 2.23 to 37.9 months). Median time to progression was 2 months (95% CI, 1.49 to 2.51 months), and median overall survival from the start of FOLFIRI was 5.84 months (95% CI, 4.34 to 7.34 months). Toxicities were tolerable.
CONCLUSION
Modified FOLFIRI as second-line chemotherapy after failure of the modified FOLFOX-4 in advanced gastric cancer was tolerable but showed a lower response rate. Further study about retrying 5-FU/LV with irinotecan after failure of the 5-FU/LV combined regimen is necessary in advanced gastric cancer.

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Current therapeutic options for gastric adenocarcinoma
C.R. Akshatha, Smitha Bhat, R. Sindhu, Dharini Shashank, Sarana Rose Sommano, Wanaporn Tapingkae, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Shashanka K. Prasad
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences.2021; 28(9): 5371. CrossRef
Prognostic Nomogram and Patterns of Use of FOLFIRI-Aflibercept in Advanced Colorectal Cancer: A Real-World Data Analysis
Ana Fernández Montes, Carlos López López, Guillem Argilés Martínez, David Páez López, Ana María López Muñoz, Beatriz García Paredes, David Gutiérrez Abad, Carmen Castañón López, Paula Jiménez Fonseca, Javier Gallego Plazas, María Carmen López Doldán, Eva
The Oncologist.2019; 24(8): e687. CrossRef
Thymineless Death by the Fluoropyrimidine Polymer F10 Involves Replication Fork Collapse and Is Enhanced by Chk1 Inhibition
Chinnadurai Mani, Sachin Pai, Cinta Maria Papke, Komaraiah Palle, William H. Gmeiner
Neoplasia.2018; 20(12): 1236. CrossRef
Effect of FOLFOX4 combined with Brucea javanica emulsion on VEGF in patients with gastric cancer
Zheng Chen, Zhenyu Zhou, Zhigang Hu, Qiaodong Xu, Jie Wang
Oncology Letters.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Sunitinib added to FOLFIRI versus FOLFIRI in patients with chemorefractory advanced adenocarcinoma of the stomach or lower esophagus: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase II AIO trial with serum biomarker program
Markus Moehler, Irina Gepfner-Tuma, Annett Maderer, Peter C. Thuss-Patience, Joern Ruessel, Susanna Hegewisch-Becker, Hansjochen Wilke, Salah-Eddin Al-Batran, Mohammad-Reza Rafiyan, Florian Weißinger, Hans-Joachim Schmoll, Frank Kullmann, Ludwig Fischer v
BMC Cancer.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
5-Fluorouracil derivatives: a patent review (2012 – 2014)
Esmeralda Carrillo, Saúl Abenhamar Navarro, Alberto Ramírez, María Ángel García, Carmen Griñán-Lisón, Macarena Perán, Juan Antonio Marchal
Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents.2015; 25(10): 1131. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of FOLFIRI as Second-line Chemotherapy in Advanced Gastric Cancer
Sung Chul Park, Hoon Jai Chun
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2015; 66(1): 1. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of FOLFIRI after Failure of FOLFOX-4 in Advanced Gastric Cancer
Hye Jung Kwon, Moo In Park, Seun Ja Park, Won Moon, Sung Eun Kim, Hae Won Lee, Youn Jung Choi, Jae Hyun Kim
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2015; 66(1): 10. CrossRef
FOLFIRI as Second-line Chemotherapy after Failure of FOLFOX4 in Advanced Colorectal Cancer: A Korean Single-center Experience
Jae Hyun Kim, Seun Ja Park, Moo In Park, Won Moon, Sung Eun Kim, Ki Hwan Ku, Sung Eun Song, Je Hun Kim
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2014; 63(1): 18. CrossRef
5-Fluorouracil derivatives: a patent review
Pablo Álvarez, Juan Antonio Marchal, Houria Boulaiz, Esmeralda Carrillo, Celia Vélez, Fernando Rodríguez-Serrano, Consolación Melguizo, Jose Prados, Roberto Madeddu, Antonia Aranega
Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents.2012; 22(2): 107. CrossRef
Outcomes of Third-Line Docetaxel-Based Chemotherapy in Advanced Gastric Cancer Who Failed Previous Oxaliplatin-Based and Irinotecan-Based Chemotherapies
Min Jeong Lee, In Gyu Hwang, Joung-Soon Jang, Jin Hwa Choi, Byeong-Bae Park, Myung Hee Chang, Seung Tae Kim, Se Hoon Park, Myoung Hee Kang, Jung Hun Kang
Cancer Research and Treatment.2012; 44(4): 235. CrossRef
Irinotecan, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil (modified FOLFIRI) as salvage chemotherapy for frail or elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer
JUNG HAN KIM, HYEONG SU KIM, A RUM HAN, IN HO MOH, DOO CHEOL CHUNG, DAE RO CHOI, HYUN JOO JANG, JIN BAE KIM, DAE HYUN YANG, SOON IL LEE, DAE YOUNG ZANG
Oncology Letters.2012; 4(4): 751. CrossRef

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Efficacy and Safety of Oxaliplatin, 5-Fluorouracil, and Folinic Acid Combination Chemotherapy as First-Line Treatment in Metastatic or Recurrent Gastric Cancer: Han Jo Kim, Jun Young Eun, Young Woo Jeon, Jina Yun, Kyoung Ha Kim, Se Hyung Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Sang-Cheol Lee, Sang Byung Bae, Chan Kyu Kim, Nam Su Lee, Kyu Taek Lee, Seong-Kyu Park, Jong-Ho Won, Dae Sik Hong, Hee Sook Park; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(3):154-159. Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.3.154

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
We retrospectively determined the efficacy and safety of the combination of oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and folinic acid (FA) as first-line chemotherapy for patients with metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between January 2006 and August 2009, 39 patients with histologically-confirmed, metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer underwent chemotherapy, and the results were retrospectively investigated. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of oxaliplatin (100 mg/m2) and FA (200 mg/m2; 2-hour infusion), then 5-FU (2,400 mg/m2; 46-hour continuous infusion) every 2 weeks.
RESULTS
Thirty-nine patients received a total of 210 treatment cycles. The median number of cycles was 6 (range, 1 to 16). Of the 32 evaluable patients, zero patients achieved a complete response and 11 patients achieved a partial response (response rate, 28.2%). The median time-to-progression and overall survival were 4.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0 to 6.5 months) and 9.8 months (95% CI, 3.5 to 16.0 months), respectively. The main hematologic toxicity was anemia, which was observed in 119 cycles (56.7%). Grade 3/4 neutropenia was observed in 32 cycles (15.2%). The main non-hematologic toxicity was constipation, which was observed in 91 cycles (46.2%). Peripheral neuropathy occurred in 71 cycles (33.8%); all cases were grade 1 or 2. No treatment-related deaths were reported.
CONCLUSION
This study showed that combination chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, 5-FU, and FA is an active and well-tolerated regimen as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer.

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Post-Marketing Surveillance of a generic Oxaliplatin (AlvoxalⓇ) in Iranian Patients with Cancer
Farhad Shahi, Mojtaba Gorji, Mehrdad Payandeh, Hamid Rezvani, Mohammad Vaezi, Sharareh Seifi, Alireza Baari, Reza Khalili-Dizaji, Seyed Mehdi Hashemi, Saeid Salimi, Hosein Kamranzadeh, Babak Shazad, Sina Salari, Davoud Oulad Dameshghi, Mehdi Sarkheil, Meh
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Quantitative proteomic analysis of oxaliplatin induced peripheral neurotoxicity
Linlin Yang, Hua Wang, Wanting Lu, Gangqi Yang, Zian Lin, Ruibing Chen, Hongyan Li
Journal of Proteomics.2022; 266: 104682. CrossRef
Current therapeutic options for gastric adenocarcinoma
C.R. Akshatha, Smitha Bhat, R. Sindhu, Dharini Shashank, Sarana Rose Sommano, Wanaporn Tapingkae, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Shashanka K. Prasad
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences.2021; 28(9): 5371. CrossRef
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Oxaliplatin induced-neuropathy in digestive tumors
María Sereno, Gerardo Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, César Gómez-Raposo, Miriam López-Gómez, Maria Merino-Salvador, Francisco Zambrana Tébar, Cristina Rodriguez-Antona, Enrique Casado
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Effect of doxorubicin, oxaliplatin, and methotrexate administration on the transcriptional activity ofBCL-2family gene members in stomach cancer cells
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The kallikrein-related peptidase 13 (KLK13) gene is substantially up-regulated after exposure of gastric cancer cells to antineoplastic agents
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Clinical Analysis for Brain Tumor-Related Epilepsy during Chemotherapy for Systemic Cancer with Single Brain Metastasis: Young Zoon Kim, Eun Hee Lee, Kyoung Soo Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(3):160-169. Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.3.160

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
The purpose of this prospective observational study was to determine the incidence, patterns, and predisposing factors for brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE) during chemotherapy for systemic cancer with single brain metastasis (BM).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between February 2006 and June 2010, 103 patients who underwent chemotherapy for systemic cancer with single BM were enrolled. We compared the clinical factors of patients and BM between patients with and without BTRE. We determined the number of patients with BTRE attacks, and seizure-free survival according to the following comparative groups: presence vs. absence of a history of BTRE; high-risk vs. low-risk groups; and presence vs. absence of disease-progression of BM.
RESULTS
Ninety-three of 103 patients (90.3%) remained seizure-free during chemotherapy. The seizure-free rates were 88.9% and 91.0% among patients with or without a history of BTRE, respectively (p=0.694), 87.8% and 92.6% among high- and low-risk patients (p=0.427), respectively, and 62.5% and 98.7% among patients with or without disease-progression of BM (p=0.001), retrospectively. Based on multivariate analysis, the significance of abnormal findings on electroencephalogram (EEG) (p=0.017), and the absence of disease-progression of BM (p=0.001) had an association with seizure-free survival.
CONCLUSION
The significance of abnormal findings on EEG, and disease-progression of BM play important roles in the development of BTRE during chemotherapy for systemic cancer with BM.

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Analysis of prognostic factors and the role of epilepsy in neurosurgical patients with brain metastases
Matteo Maria Ottaviani, Maria Rossella Fasinella, Alessandro Di Rienzo, Maurizio Gladi, Lucia Giovanna Maria di Somma, Maurizio Iacoangeli, Mauro Dobran
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Josien C C Scheepens, Pim B van der Meer, Linda Dirven, Maaike J Vos, Martin J B Taphoorn, Johan A F Koekkoek
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Tumor-associated epilepsy in patients with brain metastases: necrosis-to-tumor ratio forecasts postoperative seizure freedom
Majd Bahna, Muriel Heimann, Christian Bode, Valeri Borger, Lars Eichhorn, Erdem Güresir, Motaz Hamed, Ulrich Herrlinger, Yon-Dschun Ko, Felix Lehmann, Anna-Laura Potthoff, Alexander Radbruch, Christina Schaub, Rainer Surges, Johannes Weller, Hartmut Vatte
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Kenichiro Asano, Seiko Hasegawa, Masashi Matsuzaka, Hiroki Ohkuma
Journal of Neurosurgery.2022; 136(1): 76. CrossRef

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Assessment of Chemotherapy Response Using FDG-PET in Pediatric Bone Tumors: A Single Institution Experience: Dong Hwan Kim, Seung Yeon Kim, Hyeon Jeong Lee, Bong Sup Song, Dong Ho Kim, Joong Bum Cho, Jung Sub Lim, Jun Ah Lee; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(3):170-175. Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.3.170

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
Response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is an important prognostic factor for osteosarcoma (OS) and the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT). [F-18]-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive imaging modality that predicts histologic response to chemotherapy of various malignancies; however, limited data exist about the usefulness of FDG-PET in predicting the histologic response of pediatric bone tumors to chemotherapy. We analyzed the FDG-PET imaging characteristics of pediatric bone tumors and determined the association with response to chemotherapy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Pediatric patients with OS (n=19) or ESFT (n=17) were evaluated for FDG-PET standard uptake values before (SUV1) and after (SUV2) chemotherapy. The relationship to the chemotherapy response was assessed by histopathology in surgically-excised tumors. A complete data set (SUV1, SUV2, and histologic response) was available in 23 patients.
RESULTS
While the mean SUV1s were not different between patients with OSs and ESFTs (9.44 vs. 6.07, p=0.24), the SUV2s were greater in the patients with OSs than ESFTs (4.55 vs. 1.66, p=0.01). The ratios of SUV2-to-SUV1 (SUV2 : SUV1) were 0.65 and 0.35 for OS and ESFT, respectively (p=0.08). All of the patients with ESFTs and 47% of the patients with OS had a favorable histologic response to chemotherapy. The SUV2 : 1 [(SUV1-SUV2)/SUV1]> or =0.5 and SUV2< or =2.5 were related to favorable histologic responses to chemotherapy; the sensitivity and specificity of SUV2 : 1 at 0.5 and SUV2 at 2.5 were 93% and 88%, and 88% and 78%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
FDG-PET can be used as a non-invasive surrogate to predict response to chemotherapy in children with bone tumors.

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The Usefulness of Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein as Early Diagnostic Markers of Bacteremia in Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutropenia: Dae Yong Kim, Yoon-Seon Lee, Shin Ahn, Yeon Hee Chun, Kyung Soo Lim; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(3):176-180. Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.3.176

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are well known inflammatory markers. This study was designed to determine whether PCT and CRP are useful as early diagnostic markers for bacteremia in cancer patients with febrile neutropenia (FN) in the emergency department (ED).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this retrospective study, 286 episodes of FN in the ED were consecutively included between June 2009 and August 2010. From medical records, clinical characteristics including PCT and CRP were extracted and analyzed.
RESULTS
Bacteremia was identified in 38 (13.3%) of the 286 episodes. The median values of PCT (2.8 ng/mL vs. 0.0 ng/mL, p=0.000) and CRP (15.9 mg/dL vs. 5.6 mg/dL, p=0.002) were significantly higher in the group with bacteremia compared to the group without bacteremia. In univariate analysis, elevated PCT (>0.5 ng/mL) and CRP (>10 mg/dL) as well as older age, hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, and high body temperature were significantly associated with bacteremia. On multivariate analysis, elevated PCT (>0.5 ng/mL) (odds ratio [OR], 3.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4 to 9.2; p<0.01) and tachypnea (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.4 to 8.5; p<0.01) were independent early diagnostic markers for bacteremia in FN patients. The area under the curve of PCT was 74.8% (95% CI, 65.1 to 84.6%) and that of CRP was 65.5% (95% CI, 54.8 to 76.1%). With a PCT cut-off value of 0.5 ng/mL, sensitivity and specificity were 60.5% and 82.3%, respectively, while the sensitivity and specificity were 57.6% and 67.3%, respectively, with a CRP cutoff of 10 mg/dL.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that PCT is a useful early diagnostic marker for the detection of bacteremia in FN at the ED and has better diagnostic value than CRP.

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Clinical Significance of Protein Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 and Somatostatin Receptors in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Hee Sung Kim, Hye Seung Lee, Woo Ho Kim; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(3):181-188. Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.3.181

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
This study was undertaken to evaluate the significance of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) overexpression and the expression of somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtypes in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Two hundred and forty-seven cases of GEP-NET, comprising 86 foregut and 156 hindgut primary NETs, and 5 metastatic NETs in the liver, were studied retrospectively with immunohistochemistry for COX2, chromogranin A, Ki-67, SSTR1, SSTR2, and SSTR5.
RESULTS
COX2 overexpression was observed in 54%(126 of 234), and SSTR1, SSTR2, and SSTR5 positivity in 84%(196 of 233), 72%(168 of 233), and 55%(128 of 232), respectively. COX2 overexpression was found to be positively correlated with Ki-67 labeling index and inversely correlated with the expression of SSTR subtypes. In addition, the expression of SSTR subtypes was tightly correlated in any comparative pairs. A significant inverse correlation was found between COX2 and SSTR2 expression in the foregut, but not hindgut NETs. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that COX2 overexpression (p=0.003) and high Ki-67 labeling index (p<0.001) were associated with poor overall survival (OS), whereas expression of SSTR2 (p<0.001) was associated with better OS of GEP-NET patients. Multivariate analysis revealed negative SSTR2 expression as an independent prognostic marker in GEP-NET patients (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that expression of SSTR subtypes is associated with favorable prognosis, whereas COX2 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in GEP-NETs. Taken together, COX2 could be a possible therapeutic target in some subsets of GEP-NETs.

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No Association of Insulin-like Growth Factor Gene Polymorphisms with Survival in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: Yoon Young Cho, Jong Gwang Kim, Yee Soo Chae, Sang Kyun Sohn, Byung Woog Kang, Joon Ho Moon, Seong Woo Jeon, Jun Seok Park, Jin Young Park, Gyu Seog Choi; Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(3):189-194. Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.3.189

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

PURPOSE
Insulin-like growth factors (IGF) regulate a wide range of biological functions including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis through paracrine and autocrine mechanisms. Accordingly, the present study analyzed polymorphisms of IGF genes and their impact on the prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Four hundred and two consecutive patients with curatively resected colorectal adenocarcinoma were enrolled in the present study. The genomic DNA was extracted from fresh colorectal tissue and 8 polymorphisms of IGF genes determined using a real-time polymerase chain reaction genotyping assay.
RESULTS
Pathologic stages after surgery were as follows: stage 0/I (n=85, 21.1%), stage II (n=147, 36.6%), stage III (n=145, 36.1%), and stage IV (n=25, 6.2%). Multivariate survival analysis including stage, age, site of disease, and carcinoembryonic antigen level showed that the progression-free survival for patients with the IGF2 +1280 GG genotype was slightly better than for the patients with the combined IGF2 +1280 AA and AG genotype (p=0.056), although there was no significant difference in the overall survival. However, the other polymorphisms were not associated with survival.
CONCLUSION
None of the 8 IGF1 or IGF2 gene polymorphisms investigated in this study were found to be independent prognostic markers for Korean patients with surgically resected colorectal cancer.

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Erratum

ERRATUM: Correction for Incorrect Citation of Reference and Wording in a Table: Cancer Res Treat. 2011;43(3):204-204. Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2011.43.3.204

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