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Volume 41(2); June 2009
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Original Articles
Public Awareness of Gastric Cancer Risk Factors and Disease Screening in a High Risk Region: A Population-Based Study
Do-Youn Oh, Kui Son Choi, Hae-Rim Shin, Yung-Jue Bang
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(2):59-66.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.2.59
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

This study involved a population-based survey to provide evidence of public awareness of risk factors of gastric cancer and to investigate attitudes for the screening of gastric cancer in the South Korean population.

Materials and Methods

Using a nationwide random selection method, 2014 subjects were enrolled in the study between 5 September 2006 and 25 September 2006.

Results

In terms of the awareness of risk factors, awareness was scored as the percentage of the probability of developing gastric cancer when a subject had a particular risk factor. For the risk factors, stress ranked highest with a score of 73.5%, followed by chronic gastritis (score of 72.1%), gastric ulcer (score of 71.2%) and a previous gastrectomy history (score of 68.7%). Other factors included a diet of charred foods (score of 67.3%), alcohol use (score of 65.3%), salty diet (score of 65.1%), history of smoking (score of 64.3%) and Helicobacter pylori infection (score of 57.5%). Subjects believed that 60.4% of all gastric cancers were preventable by lifestyle modification and the subjects believed that regular screening could prevent 72.1% of all gastric cancers. However, 54% of subjects did not receive regular screening and the most common reason for not undergoing screening was a lack of symptoms.

Conclusion

Public education about the risk factors of gastric cancer and of lifestyle modifications and the importance of regular screening regardless of the presence of symptoms should be emphasized to reduce gastric cancer mortality in South Korea.

Citations

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Treatment Outcomes of Sunitinib Treatment in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Single Cancer Center Experience in Korea
Min Hee Hong, Hyo Song Kim, Chan Kim, Jung Ryun Ahn, Hong Jae Chon, Sang-Joon Shin, Joong-Bae Ahn, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(2):67-72.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.2.67
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

The retrospective study was performed to assess the efficacy and toxicity profiles of sunitinib in Korean patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Materials and Methods

Between January 2005 and December 2008, 76 Korean patients with recurrent/metastatic RCC who received sunitinib were retrospectively reviewed. The primary end point was progression-free survival and the secondary end points were overall survival and response rate. We also assessed the toxicities associated with sunitinib treatment.

Results

Of the 76 patients, 69 (90.1%) were diagnosed with clear cell RCC. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 7.2 and 22.8 months, respectively in overall patients. Sixty-two patients (81.6%) received 50 mg 4 week and 2 week off schedule, and 14 patients (18.4%) received 37.5 mg daily on a daily continuous schedule. The objective response rate and disease control rate were 27.6% and 84.2%, respectively. A dose reduction or reduction in dose due to adverse events occurred in 76% of the patients, whereas 11% of the patients had discontinued treatment. Other common laboratory abnormalities were increased serum creatinine (75.6%), elevated alanine aminotransferase (71.0%), neutropenia (61.8%), anemia (69.7%), and increased aspartate aminotrasferase (53.3%). Grade 3/4 toxicities occurred as follows: thrombocytopenia (38.2%), fatigue (10.5%), stomatitis (10.5%), and hand-foot syndrome (9.2%).

Conclusion

Our results indicate that sunitinib treatment is effective and tolerable for ecurrent/metastatic RCC patients in Korea. Further studies with prognostic or biochemical factors are needed to clarify the different toxicity profiles of this study.

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    In-Chang Cho, Jinsoo Chung
    Korean Journal of Urology.2012; 53(4): 217.     CrossRef
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    Tomoyuki Mizuno, Masahide Fukudo, Tomohiro Terada, Tomomi Kamba, Eijiro Nakamura, Osamu Ogawa, Ken-ichi Inui, Toshiya Katsura
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    I. Yildiz, F. Sen, M. Basaran, M. Ekenel, F. Agaoglu, E. Darendeliler, H. M. Tunc, F. Ozcan, S. Bavbek
    Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology.2011; 41(12): 1380.     CrossRef
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    Yoshihiko Tomita, Hirotsugu Uemura, Hiroyuki Fujimoto, Hiro-omi Kanayama, Nobuo Shinohara, Hayakazu Nakazawa, Keiji Imai, Yoshiko Umeyama, Seiichiro Ozono, Seiji Naito, Hideyuki Akaza
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    Eugene Hwang, Hyo Jin Lee, Chong Koo Sul, Jae Sung Lim
    Korean Journal of Urology.2010; 51(7): 450.     CrossRef
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    S. Naito, Y. Tomita, S. Y. Rha, H. Uemura, M. Oya, H. Z. Song, L. H. Zhong, M. I. B. A. Wahid
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  • Hematologic Toxicity in Patients Treated with Sunitinib for Advanced Thyroid Cancer
    Anastasios Gkountouvas, Ifigeneia Kostoglou-Athanassiou, Eirini Veniou, Panagiotis Repousis, Nikolaos Ziras, Philippos Kaldrimidis
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    Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology.2010; 40(10): 980.     CrossRef
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Prognosis of pN3 Stage Gastric Cancer
Jung Ryun Ahn, Minkyu Jung, Chan Kim, Min Hee Hong, Hong Jae Chon, Hye Ryun Kim, Hei-Cheul Jeung, Woo Jin Hyung, Sung Sook Lee, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sung Hoon Noh, Sun Young Rha
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(2):73-79.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.2.73
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

The aim of this study was to determine the prognosis of pN3 stage gastric cancer patients after they have undergone curative resection, and we also wanted to identify the prognostic factors according to the clinico-pathologic features.

Materials and Methods

Between January 2000 and December 2004, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients with histologically confirmed pN3 stage gastric cancer. They underwent both gastrectomy and lymphadenectomy with a curative aim. We categorized the pN3 stage patients into 2 groups; one with pN3 only (pN3M0) and the other with pN3 combined with M1 stage (pN3M1) that included peritoneal seeding, hepatic metastasis or para-aortic LN metastasis.

Results

Out of 467 patients with stage IV gastric adenocarcinoma who received surgery, 260 patients underwent curative resection and they were pathologically staged as N3. Among these 260 patients, 78 patients were classified as the pN3/M1 stage. For all the patients, the median follow-up period was 19 months (range: 1~108 months) and the median overall survival time was 16.2 months (95% CI, 14.1~18.3%). The 5-year survival rate of the pN3/M0 group was significantly higher than that of the pN3/M1 group (12.6% vs. 2.6%, respectively, p<0.0001). The identified predictor for a worse prognosis was an advanced T4 stage (HR: 3.38, 95% CI, 1.4~8.3, p=0.008) for the pN3 patients.

Conclusion

The survival for the pN3 gastric cancer patients after curative gastrectomy was significantly longer in the pN3/M0 group as compared to that of the pN3/M1 group. An advanced T stage was a predictor for a poor prognosis for the pN3 patients. Therefore, diverse treatment strategies for these heterogeneous pN3 gastric cancer patients are needed for improving their survival.

Citations

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    Yan Li, Xiao-Yu Li, Li-Xiang Li, Ru-Chen Zhou, Yinhe Sikong, Xiang Gu, Bi-Ying Jin, Bing Li, Yan-Qing Li, Xiu-Li Zuo
    Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Marta Molina Romero, Emilio José Laserna Mendieta, Gema María Varo Sánchez, María Concepción Alonso-Cerezo, María Orera Clemente
    Revista del Laboratorio Clínico.2019; 12(3): e1.     CrossRef
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    Wei Wang, Xiao-wei Sun, Chao-feng Li, Lin Lv, Yuan-fang Li, Ying-bo Chen, Da-zhi Xu, Rajiv Kesari, Chun-yu Huang, Wei Li, You-qing Zhan, Zhi-wei Zhou
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Modest Anti-Cancer Activity of a Bile Acid Acylated Heparin Derivative in a PC14PE6 Induced Orthotopic Lung Cancer Model
Zheng Yun Cui, Min Jae Park, Jeeyun Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung Ju Ahn, Soo Won Seo, Jin Woo Park, Youngro Byun, Keunchil Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(2):80-86.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.2.80
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

A novel chemically modified heparin derivative, heparin-deoxycholic acid nano-particles, has lower anticoagulant activity, and was recently reported to have significant anti-tumor effects on squamous head and neck cancer cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of heparin-deoxycholic acid nano-particles in a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line.

Materials and Methods

An orthotopic lung cancer model in 16 mice was developed using intra-thoracic injections of 0.5×106 PC14PE6 cells. Ten days after inoculation, the mice were divided into two groups. PBS and Heparin-DOCA particles were injected once a day every 3 days in the tail vein, for a total of 5 injections. The body weight and survival of each mouse were monitored and the tumor size in the lung was measured by SPECT-CT before and after heparin-DOCA nano-particle treatment.

Results

IThe HD particles had no significant cytotoxicity when the PC9 cells were treated in vitro. There was no statistical difference in tumor size, body weight and survival between the HD treated and control groups in vivo. Furthermore, there was no difference in the amount of CD31 between tumor tissues in the two study groups.

Conclusion

HD synthesized with unfractionated heparin had no apparent inhibitory effects on tumor growth in a PC14PE6 cell induced orthotopic lung cancer mouse model. The HD particles did not significantly inhibit tumor-induced angiogenesis at the tumor sites.

Citations

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    Geun Ho Im, Moon-Sun Jang, Julius Juhyun Chung, Kyoung-Nam Kim, Jae-Hun Kim, Sun I Kim, Jung Hee Lee
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    Clare A. Watson, Kara L. Vine, Julie M. Locke, Anna Bezos, Christopher R. Parish, Marie Ranson
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Cytoplasmic Expression of HuR is Related to Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Colon Cancer
Sung-Jig Lim, Suk-Hwan Lee, Sun Hyung Joo, Jeong Yoon Song, Sung Il Choi
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(2):87-92.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.2.87
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

HuR, human family embryonic-lethal abnormal vision-like protein, can bind to mRNA and stabilizes the nucleic acid in the cytoplasm, resulting in more efficient translation. HuR is predominantly present in the nucleus and shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm. HuR stabilizes cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) mRNA in several cancers, including breast, stomach, lung and brain cancer.

Materials and Methods

We investigated the expression and cellular location of HuR, as well as evaluated Cox-2 expression in 79 colorectal cancer patients with the use of immunohistochemical methods. The biological implications of HuR localization and Cox-2 expression in colorectal carcinoma were evaluated.

Results

Nuclear HuR expression was observed in 59 (74.7%) tumors and cytoplasmic HuR expression was seen in 25 (31.6%) tumors. Cox-2 immunoreactivity was noted in 42 (53%) tumors. The expression of cytoplasmic HuR was significantly associated with Cox-2 expression (p=0.004). Cytoplasmic expression of HuR showed a correlation with lymphatic invasion (p=0.025) and the presence of a lymph node metastasis (p=0.027). The presence of nuclear HuR showed no correlation with Cox-2 expression or any other of the clinicopathological parameters that were examined.

Conclusion

These results suggest that cytoplasmic translocation of HuR is associated with Cox-2 expression for some colorectal carcinomas.

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    Shahenda Salah Abdelsam, Sarah Khalaf Ghanem, Muhammad Ammar Zahid, Hanan H. Abunada, Loulia Bader, Hicham Raïq, Abbas Khan, Aijaz Parray, Laiche Djouhri, Abdelali Agouni
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    Journal of Leukocyte Biology.2022; 111(6): 1225.     CrossRef
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    Hui Xiao, Xiong Ye, Vikalp Vishwakarma, Ranjan Preet, Dan A. Dixon
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    Xiaoqing Wu, Liang Xu
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    Henrikas Pauzas, Ugne Gyvyte, Tadas Latkauskas, Laura Kairevice, Paulius Lizdenis, Saulius Svagzdys, Erika Birgiolaite, Irma Kuliaviene, Juozas Kupcinskas, Algimantas Tamelis
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The Difference in Biological Properties between Parental and v-Ha-ras Transformed NIH3T3 Cells
Michael Lee, Jun-Ho Ahn, Ki-Hwan Eum
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(2):93-99.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.2.93
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Purpose

We performed experiments to investigate the change in cellular signaling that occurs during the transformation of a normal cell to a cell capable of cancerous growth, and we did so by using the NIH 3T3 cells that were transformed by transfection with the v-Ha-ras oncogene.

Materials and Methods

Parental and v-Ha-ras transfected NIH 3T3 cells were chosen as test systems. The siRNA transfections were performed using Lipofectamine 2000. The cell proliferation reagent WST-1 was used for the quantitative determination of cellular proliferation. Immunoblot analysis was performed using the ECL-Plus chemiluminescent system and a KODAK Image Station 4000R.

Results

The v-Ha-ras-transformed cells were found to be significantly more resistant to PP2 treatment, which is a potent inhibitor of the Src family tyrosine kinases, than were the parental cells at earlier times after treatment. However, PP2 induced growth arrest and the senescence-like phenotypes in both cell lines after longer treatment. Furthermore, the Raf-1 kinase of the v-Ha-ras-transformed cells was not affected by the expressed level of Sprouty proteins, which are negative regulators of the MAPK pathway, as evidenced by the failure of siRNA-mediated knockdown of Spry4 to activate Raf-1 kinase. Dephostatin (a tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor) effectively inhibited the proliferation of the v-Ha-ras transformed cells, whereas dephostatin had only a small effect on the parental cells' proliferation. This implied an inhibitory role for tyrosine phosphatase that is specific to the signaling pathway in the v-Ha-ras transformed cells.

Conclusion

Taken together, our results show that the sustained activation of the oncogenic pathways through their resistance to negative feedback regulation might contribute to the transformation of NIH 3T3 cells.

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Case Reports
Hepatic Metastases of Gastric Adenocarcinoma Showing Metabolic Remission on FDG-PET Despite an Increase in Size on CT
So Young Yoon, Sung-Yong Kim, Yo-Han Cho, Hyun Woo Chung, Young So, Hong M Lee
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(2):100-103.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.2.100
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

We report a gastric adenocarcinoma patient with liver metastases. The metastases showed progression on computed tomography (CT), but this was not true progression in terms of metabolic activity according to 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). Discordance between size criteria and metabolic criteria has been reported in liver gastrointestinal stromal tumors, hepatomas, and renal cell carcinomas after dramatic responses with targeted therapies such as imatinib, sorafenib, and sunitinib (1-6). However, this discordance has been rarely reported in liver metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma when treated with conventional chemotherapy.

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Complete Remission in a Patient with Human Herpes Virus-8 Negative Multicentric Castleman Disease Using CHOP Chemotherapy
Hee Yeon Seo, Eui Bae Kim, Jee Won Kim, Bong Kyoung Shin, Seok Jin Kim, Byung Soo Kim
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(2):104-107.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.2.104
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder. Although MCD pathogenesis is unclear, studies have suggested that human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) may be associated with the disorder. Recent reports have identified MCD cases without viral infection. A 43-year-old woman presented to our hospital for fever and myalgia of 6 months' duration. The complete blood count revealed an elevated leukocyte count (15.1×103/µL) and a decreased hemoglobin level of 10.0 g/dL. The C-reactive protein level was elevated at 276.5 mg/L. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans revealed bilateral axillary lymphadenopathy. There was no evidence of HHV-8, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or Mycobacterium infection. Histologic evaluation of a lymph node biopsy from the left axilla yielded a diagnosis of MCD. Cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) were administered for a total of 4 cycles. The patient's fever and lymphadenopathy resolved after the course of chemotherapy. She has been in complete remission for 24 months at this writing. As previously reported, this case report suggests that MCD can develop without viral infection. CHOP chemotherapy may be an effective treatment option for newly diagnosed MCD patients.

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Multimodal Treatment of Primary Extraskeletal Ewing's Sarcoma of the Chest Wall: Report of 2 Cases
Woo Surng Lee, Yo Han Kim, Hyun Keun Chee, Jae Joon Hwang, Jun Seok Kim, Song Am Lee, Eun Gu Hwang, Yo Han Cho, Gyu Rak Chon
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(2):108-112.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.2.108
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma (EES) is a type of Ewing's sarcoma that arises in soft tissue and is now regarded as a member of a family of small round cell neoplasms of bone and soft tissue, including primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs). EES occurs predominantly in adolescents and young adults between the ages of 10 and 30 years. The disease follows an aggressive course with a high recurrence rate. The presence of a distant metastasis is also common. EES arises in the soft tissue of either the trunk or extremities. We recently experienced two cases of EES that occurred in the chest wall. The two patients underwent wide resection and combined radiochemotherapy. There was no evidence of disease 30 and 22 months, respectively, after surgery. Although extremely rare, EES should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chest wall tumors. We report two cases of EES with a brief review of the literature.

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Primary Carcinoma of the Fallopian Tube: Report of Two Cases with Literature Review
In Cheul Jeung, Yong Seok Lee, Hae Nam Lee, Eun Kyung Park
Cancer Res Treat. 2009;41(2):113-116.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2009.41.2.113
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

Primary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) is a rare tumor that histologically and clinically resembles epithelial ovarian cancer. PFTC has a worse prognosis than ovarian cancer as it is not routinely suspected and so treatment may be delayed. The early clinical manifestations and a prompt investigation can often lead to a correct diagnosis at an early stage. The preoperative diagnosis is usually difficult, and most patients with PFTC undergo laparotomy with the presumed diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma according to the presence of an adnexal mass. PFTC can present preoperatively as a tubo-ovarian abscess and it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute pelvic peritonitis. PFTC should be suspected by clinicians even if the presenting symptoms are atypical. We report here on two cases of PFTC along with a brief review of the literature.

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  • Primary Fallopian-Tube Carcinoma
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    R. Albalat, J. Jiménez, F. Márquez, C. Lizarralde
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