Cancer Research and Treatment

In Vitro Cultivation of Human Stomach Adenocarcinoma Cell : Establishment of Cell Line ( SS - 1 ) derived from Human Stomach Adenocarcinoma: 재갑 박; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1984;16(1):1-12.

Abstract PDF: The results on culture of 20 human gastric adenocarcinomas are described. One human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, SS-1 (Seoul Kational University, Adenocarci- noma of the Stomach) has been established from a metastatic infrapyloric lesion in lymph node, of a Bo years old Korean male patient. On June 16, 1983, 2 x 1 x 1cm sized infrapyloric meta- static mass was removed during the procedure of palliative gastrectomy for advanced stom- ach cancer. The cell type of the primary site and the metastatic mass was poorly differenti- ated adenocarcinoma. After mincing with scissors and washing with RPMI 1640 medium, flo ating cells have been cultured with a RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum. Mutinucleated epithelial cells with vacuoles were observed on the 9th day and then they tran formed into fibroblastoid variant From the 70th day one colony composed with spherical cells were observed and they started to divide rapidly from the 141th day and to float from the 146th day. The floating cells also divided rapidly and formed clusters. Now on the 320th day, 32th suhculture with floating cells has done. SS-1 cells grow in vitro floating free and tend to form clusters which easily disaggregated into single cell suspension with agitation with a pipette. The cell size ranges from 15um to 43um in diameter with a mean af 24.6+-5.6 SDum. Population daubling time was about 3 days at Passage, 17-18. SS-1 cells contain muci- nous substance in cytoplasm which is demons rable upon PAS and mucicarmine staining. The cytoplasmic surface is studded with numerous but poorly developed microvilli. Chromos- omal analyses were performed at passage, 16 18. The number of chromosomes varied in wide range from 38-132. SS-1 cells did not synthesize CEA in vitro.

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The Effect of Interforon on NK Cell Activity in Patients with Stomach Cacner in Vitro: Suon Hawe Huo, Han Su Kim, Chung Gi Park, Ik Soo Bang, Rin Chang, Young Il Min, Gyu Sung Lim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1984;16(1):12-20.

Abstract PDF: Natural Killer cell activity against "Cr-K 562 cells as farget cells had been studied on 27 patients with stomach cancer and 18 normal subjects in vitro. Also we studied the natural killer cell activity with treatment of a-interferon in patients with atomach cancer. The results were as follows; 1) There was no sex difference in NK cell activity in normal dornor and patients with stomach cancer and NK cell activity in patients with stomach cancer was significantly lower than that in normal dornor. 2) In vitro. NK cell activities after infusion of a-interferon 100 IU/ml and 500 IU/ml were considerably greater than basal level in normal donor and patients with stomach cancer but there waa no difference bet-ween NK cell activity after infusion of 100 IU/ml a-IFN and that of 500 IU/ml a-IFN in both groups. There were no difference between NK cell activities after infusion of 100 IU/ml a-IFN and 500 IU/ml a-IFN in normal donor and those in patients with stomach cancer. 3) Natural killer cell activity in patients with stomach cancer who was treated with a-interforon(3x10 IU/ml IM/day) for SO days was 66. 5%. While it was greater than pretreatment NK cell activity, it was almost same level as shown in normal controL So our data suggested that NK cell activity in patients with stomach cancer was decreased by impaired functien of interferon or decreased concentration of endogenous interferon than impairment of NK cell activity itself, and that decreased NK cell activity in patient with stomach could be normalized by receiving exogenous interferon therapy.

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HLA-DR Antigen Frequency in Korean Patients with Invasive Carcinoma of the Cervix: Kyu Sung Hwang, Soo Nyung Kim, Tchan Kyu Park; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1984;16(1):20-26.

Abstract PDF: HLA-DR typing was performed on 53 Korean patients with biopsy proved invasive carcinoma of the cervix. The patients were compared to 200 healthy controls. The results were as follows: 1) Of 53 patients with invasive carcinoma of the cervix, the frequency of antigens in decreasing order of frequency were DR2(18 cases), DR4(16 cases0, DRw6 and DR7(14 cases), DR5(8cases), DR1(6cases), and DRw8(4 cases). Although the frequency of DR3 in the normal subjects was 15%, it was not decected in the patients with invasive carcinoma of the cervix. 2) A significant increase in the frequency in DRw6, and a significant decrease in the frequencies of DR3 and DRw8 were demonstrated among the patients compared with those in healthy controls(p<0.05).

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Interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) Production by Human Large Granular Lymphocyte ( LGL ) - Enriched Population: K. H. Kim, S. Y. Nam, S. D. Lim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1984;16(1):26-34.

Abstract PDF: Human large granular lymphocytes(LGL) are known to be natural killer(NK) effector cells. NK cell activity is augmented by interferon(IFN) and interleukin-2(IL-2). Furthermore, it was reported that LGL produce IFN-a and IFN-r. We have performed this investigation to demonstrate whether LGL can produce IL-2 or not. LGL-enriched (Fraction I; Fr. I) and LGL-depleted (Fraction II , Fr.II) populations were prepared from human peripheral blood lymphocytes(PBL) on a discontinuous Percoll gradient and stimulated with phptohemagglutinin(PHA)-M for various time periods. The culture supernatants(CM) harvested were tested for IL-2 activity with cultured human PBL. After 48hrs, higher activities were seen in CM produced from Fr. II(Fr. II-CM)than those from Fr I (Fr I-CM). And maximal activity was detected in 72hr-cultured Fr. II-CRI. In contrast, within 24hrs, IL-2 activities in Fr. I-CM were higher than in Fr. II-CM. In these results, it was observed that LGL produce IL- 2 with a peak of productivity occurred early(about 24hr) compared with that occurred later(about 72hr) by T cells. And from the fact that LGL produce IFN and IL-2, we suppose both IFN and IL-2 can act as regul- atory molecules for NK cell activation. Addition of adherent cells(20% of effector cells) was shown to inhibit IL-2 production.

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Bilateral Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy for Staging and Diagnosis of Malignant Disease: Sok Joo Pio, Sang Joog Kim, Hoon Kyo Kim, Chong Won Park, Sung Hak Park, Choon Choo Kim, Kyung Shik Lee, Dong Jip Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1984;16(1):34-39.

Abstract PDF: The staging and diagnostic values of the bilateral bone marrow aspiration and biopsy were evaluated in 36 Patients with malignant disease. The presence of tumor cells in the bone marrow examination was noticed in 11 Patients with various cancers including 6 patients with lung cancer(l with small cell cancer), 2 pati- ents with breast cancer, I patient with stomach cancer, 1 patient with rectal cancer and 1 patient with prostate cancer. The bone marrow aspirate only, biopsy only and both of them showed tumor cell in and 4 patients respectively. The number of patients who revealed tumor cells were 3 in the unilateral(one site) sspirate and became 5 in the bilateral(two sites) aspi."ates, and 8 in the unilateral biopsy and became 10 in the bilateral biopsies. One patient without tissue diagnasis was diagnostic by bone marrow examination. These findings suggest that the bilateral bone marrow aspiration and biopsy is easy and safe way to have tissue diagnosis and should be routinely performed for the diagnosis and .staging of advanced malignant disease suggestive bony metastasis.

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Radiation Therapy ( RT ) of Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ( SVCS ): Hyung Chul Kwon, Sei Chul Yoon, Yong Whee Bahk, Hoon Kyo Kim, Kyung Shik Lee; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1984;16(1):39-45.

Abstract PDF: Superiar vena cava syndrome(SVCS) is oncologic emergency with typical clinical features. The diagnosis can be made by physical findings(PF), simple chest X-ray(CXR) and compu- ted tomogram(CT) scanning. The treatment of choice is radiation therapy(RT). We analyzed clinical data of SVCS in g cases diagnosed by PF & CT acanning and treated by 6 MV linear accelerator during the past 1 year at deparment of radiology, Catholic Medical College. The results were as follows; 1) Vine cases consist of 7 males and 2 females. Their ages ranged from 16-71 years. 2) Pathologic diagnosis were bronchogenic carcinoma(4 cases), dysgerminoma(1 case), embryonal carcinoma(1 case) and undetermined(3 cases). 3) Most frequent PF of SVCS were neck vein distension, facial edema, dyspnea in decrea- sing order. 4) The fractionation of RT usually included 3 4 initial fractian af 300~400 rad, fallowed by additional daily dose of 180-200 rad to complete tota1 4,000~6,000 rad tumor dose. During those times, We used therapeutic planning computer. 5) We observed complete or partial response in 8 cases on 1st to 14th day of RT.

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Results of Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: Sang Hee Won, Jae Gahb Park, Jin Pok Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1984;16(1):45-53.

Abstract PDF: From Jan. 1973 through Dec. 1983, 788 patients with primary colorectal cancer were admitted to Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. The mean age was 53 and male to female ratio was 1.3 : 1. The operability rate was 94% and the resectability rate for them was 78.4%. Of these, Miles' operation was 33.7% and right hemicolectomy was 16.5%. Follow-up of 5 or more years was availlable on 232 cases (84%) of total 276 patients who had been admitted during 1973 to 1978, and 82 cases were alive after 5 years, the survival rate being 35% of the traced cases or 30% of the total admission. In 139 patients who had been performed curative resection, the 5 year survival rate was 55%. Relative 5 year survival rates for curative resected patients with Astler-Coller modified Dukes' A, B1, B2, C1 and C2 lesions were 100%, 81%, 65%, 63%, and 33%, respectively. The duration of survival(median) for the patients with far advanced colorectal cancer was 12 months.

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A Case of metastatic Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia ( GTN ) in Pulmonary Artery associated with Pulmonary Hypertension: Eun Hee Koh, Kum Soo Park, Won Heum Shim, Woong Ku Lee, Byung Soo Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1984;16(1):53-59.

Abstract PDF: Pulmonary hypertension may be produced by primary pulmonary hypertension, diffuse pulmonary parenchymal and interstitial diseases, congenital heart diseases, left heart failure, obstructive pulmonary vascular diseases and carcinomaous metastases. It has been reported that stomach cancer, breast cancer and choriocarcinoma could evoked pulmonary hypertension due to tumor emboli to pulmonary artery. A case with clinical, chest roentgenological and pulmonary angiogram findings of pulmon- ary hypertension due to metastatic GTN in pulmonary artery who had not recent hydatidi- form mole history and diagnosis was delayed due to diagnostic dilemma was presented. Fort- unately, the patient could be got complete remission since completion of second course of triple chemotherapy, but pulmonary hypertension was not completely resolved and sustained perfusion defect of right lung was observed. The prevalence of GTN is higher in korea than western country and cure rate is high even in an occasion of massive pulmonary invalvement. Therefore, in woman whose chest x-ray film disclased findings of pulmonary hypertension or pulmonary infiltration without previous cardiopulmonary diseases, gynecological evaluation, human chorionic gonaotrophin titration of serum and urin should be done to exclude the possibility of GTN.

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Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy Associated with Lung Metastasis of Leiomyosarcoma of the Uterus: Sug Won Han, Seung Hyun Ann, Kwan Su Hong, Hoon Kyo Kim, Kyung Shik Lee, Dong Jip Kim; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1984;16(1):59-67.

Abstract PDF: Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy is a syndrome of clubbing fingers or toes, chronic proliferative periostitis of the long bones, and polyarthritis resembling rheumatoid arthritis. Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy is most commonly encountered in bronchogenic carcinoma, pleural mesothelioma, metastatic lung 'cancer, bronchiectasis, and lung abscess. The pathogenesis is unknown but estrogen, growth hormone, circulatory factor, and neu- rogenic factor may be associated. The authors experienced a case of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy due to lung metastasis of leiomyosarcoma of the uterus. The patient was a 50-year-old female, who had a history of total hysterectomy for the leiomyosarcoma of the uterus in SeP. 1981. Six months later she began to feel clubbing fingers and toes, joint pain and swelling on the wrists, knees, and ankles. One year later cough and chest pain developed. The X-ray of the chest showed multiple round metastatic nodules and the X-ray of the extremities showed thin radiopaque line of new bone formation separated fram the underly- ing denser cartex by a narraw radiolucent band. "Tc radionuclide bone scans revealed the accumulation of radinuclide along the cortex of the long bones and digital ends. The serum level of growth hormone and estradiol was within normal limit. We administered an anti-inflammatory agent such as indomethacin and started the chemo- therapy. The bone pain, soft tissue swelling, and clubbing fingers were markedly improved and the metastatic nodules of the lung were decreased in size.

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Esophageal Obstruction due to Noncsophageal Carcinoma: Sei Chul Yoon, Hoon Kyo Kim, Hyung Chul Kwon, Yong Whee Bahk, Kyung Shik Lee; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1984;16(1):67-73.

Abstract PDF: Authors experienced 4 cases of advanced nonesophageal cancer patients who sustained of esophage'l obstruction and were treated successfully with combined modalities of radiation therapy(RT), chemotherapy and feeding gastrostomy. Esophageal obstruction due to metastasis from breast(l case), lung(2 cases) and intestinal lymphoma(1 case) become patent allowing semisolid or even solid foods to pass after having RT, daily 160-180 rads, 5 times a week, up to 4,000~5, 000 rads, by 6MV linear accelerator, Catholic Medical College.

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Three Year's Report for Cancer Register Programme in the Republic of Korea July 1 , 1980 - June 30 , 1983: Ministry of Health and Social Affairs; J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1984;16(1):73-218.

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