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Cancer Incidence in Korea
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Hai Rim Shin, Yoon Ok Ahn, Jong Myon Bae, Myung Hee Shin, Duk Hee Lee, Choong Won Lee, Hee Choul Ohrr, Don Hee Ahn, Jacques Ferlay, Dornald Maxwell Parkin, Dae Kyu Oh, Jae Gahb Park
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Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(6):405-408. Published online December 31, 2002
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.6.405
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Abstract
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- PURPOSE
We estimated the incidence of cancer in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS The indicence of cancer was estimated using national mortality data, and the incidence data from four frontier regional cancer registries, including Kangwha, Seoul, Busan and Deagu. These four registries served a population about seventeen million, which is almost 38% of entire population in Korea. RESULTS The overall age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) were 287.0 and 163.1 per 100,000 for males and females, respectively. Among males, stomach cancer was the most frequent (ASR 69.6), followed by lung cancers, including bronchus cancer (ASR 54.5), liver cancer (ASR 47.0) and colo-rectal cancer (ASR 25.2). The most frequent sites of cancer in females, by rank order, were stomach (ASR 26.8), breast (ASR 20.1), uterine cervix (ASR 18.0), colo-rectum (ASR 15.9), lung (ASR 13.0) and liver (ASR 12.0). CONCLUSION It is hoped that these results will provide valuable leads for cancer research and cancer control in Korea.
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Survival of Korean Cancer Patients Diagnosed in 1995
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Jong Myon Bae, Young Joo Won, Kyu Won Jung, Kyung Ae Suh, Young Ho Yun, Myung Hee Shin, Yoon Ok Ahn, Duk Hee Lee, Hai Rim Shin, Don Hee Ahn, Dae Kyu Oh, Jae Gahb Park
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Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34(5):319-325. Published online October 31, 2002
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2002.34.5.319
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Abstract
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To produce the nationwide 5-year survival rates of Korean cancer patients by primary cancer site. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study subjects were cancer patients diagnosed in 1995, as documented by the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) Program. This data was collected in 120 (93%) of 129 nationwide intern- and resident-training hospitals and 75 (94%) of the 80 Korean university hospitals. Follow-up was performed by obtaining information upon vital status (i.e., whether living or dead) from the government administered whole population files.
Cumulative observed survival rate (OSR) was calculated by using the life table method and the relative survival rate (RSR) was computed using the life-time table for the years 1995, 1997, and 1999. RESULTS Of the 55,042 study subjects, the OSR for all Korean cancer patients was 61.4% at 1 year and 38.1% at 5 years. The RSR for all cancers was 62.5% at 1 year and 41.4% at 5 years, and the 5-year RSRs for all cancers in men and women were 32.6% and 53.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION This is the first nationwide report upon 5-year cancer survival by primary site in Korea. Men showed a lower survival rate than women in most malignancies. Pancreatic and thyroid cancer had the lowest and highest 5-year survival rates, respectively.
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The Risk of Gastric Cancer in Koreans according to Smoking, Drinking, Diet, and the Genetic Polymorphisms of Glutathione S-Transferases and L-myc Protooncogene
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Jin Woo Park, Young Jin Song, Hyo Yung Yun, Heon Kim, Yoon Ok Ahn, Sang Joon Kim, Jin Pok Kim, Jong Won Kang, Hong Mei Nan, Yong Dae Kim
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J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(6):997-1006.
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Abstract
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This study was performed to investigate the interaction of genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferases and L-myc proto-oncogene with smoking, drinking, and dietary factors in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred and four gastric cancer patients and 1:1 matched hospital controls were the study subjects. They were interviewed with a questionnaire including alcohol consumption, smoking and dietary habit. We investigated genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1 and L-myc genes using PCR-RFLP techniques. RESULTS Smoking and soybean paste stew were risk factors and doughnut, fried potato, welsh onion, rice cake, seaweed, slices of raw fish, melon, tomato, garlic and onion were protective factors of gastric cancer. The odds ratios of some food items changed significantly according to the genotypes; green vegetables and pork according to the GSTM1 genotype; pork, soybean curd, steamed or hard-boiled soybean and welsh onion according to the GSTT1 genotype; rice cake and garlic according to the L-myc proto-oncogene genotype. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1 and L-myc genes might modify the effects of environmental factors on gastric cancer possibly by engaging in the metabolism of food, alcohol and cigarette smoke.
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Accuraey of Cancer Death Certificates in KOREA: A comparison between diagnoses in the central cancer registry and certified underlying causes of death
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Duk Hee Lee, Hai Rim Shin, Don Hee Ahn, Byung Yeol Chun, Sin Kam, Yoon Ok Ahn
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J Korean Cancer Assoc. 2000;32(1):210-219.
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Abstract
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We evaluated the accuracy of death certificates for persons who registered in the Central Cancer Registry in 1993 and died from 1993 to 1995. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study consisted of 27,058 cases which were classified into five groups. according to the possibility of accuracy of the underlying causes of death. We compared the distribution of five groups according to several demographic factors. Also we calculated the detection rate and the confirmation rate for a selected 23,858 persons reported to die of a cancer. RESULTS Among the 27,058 deaths, only 64.4% was included in the group which had reported the same cancer site with registry as underlying cause of death. The accuracy decreased with increasing age and was worse for women and rural residence. And physicians certification was an important factor to improve the accuracy. Cancers of stomach, lung, esophagus and breast were included into the high accuracy group, cancers of the colon, rectum and gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract into the low accuracy group. Cancers of the colon, pancreas, liver and lung were overreported, varied from 1.2 to 1.4 times, and cervical cancer was severely underreported, about 0.5 times. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the caution in the use and interpretation of cancer certificate data would be required.
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Geographical Variations in the Incidence of Childhood Cancer
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Duk Hee Lee, Hai Rim Shin, Kang Weon Park, Yoon Ok Ahn
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J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1998;30(3):425-434.
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Abstract
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- PURPOSE
The incidence of childhood cancer in the Korea was studied to compare incidence rates between countries and between different regions in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS A tatal of 2,891 cases, registered in the Natinal Cancer Registy from 1993 to 1995, were analysied. Death Certificate Only(DCO) cases were not included. DCO % was estimated about 22%. We calculated the incidence rates according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer. The age-standardized rates by diagnostic group was compared with those of other countries. The total incidence of childhood cancer were compared among 34 cities in Korea with the rates in the rest of the nation. RESULTS The crude incidence of all childhood cancer was 94.1 per million. The cumulative incidence to age 15 was 0.137% and the age-standardized rate, calculated using the world standard population, was 96.1 per million. In the incidence rates by diagnostic group, we observed many similarities with other countries in East Asia. The age-standardized rates of E, F and AL cities were significantly higher(p<0.05). In the 0-4 age group, F, AL and BB cities showed higher rates(p<0.05). In 5~9 years and 10~14 years, F city only had higher rates(p<0.05). CONCLUSION Further study will be needed in order to investigate possible environmental factors which may account for the regional variations.
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Phase III Randomized Trial of ACNU in Addition to Surgery and Radiotherapy for Patients with Supratentorial Malignant Gliomas
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Hee Won Jung, Chang Wan Oh, Chun Kee Chung, Hee Jin Yang, Kil Soo Choi, Dae Hee Han, Je G Chi, Yung Jue Bang, Dae Seog Heo, Noe Kyeong Kim, Yoon Ok Ahn, Il Han Kim
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J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1997;29(4):608-615.
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- No abstract available
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Development of Procedures of Cancer Case Ascertainment in Pusan City Area
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Hai Rim Shin, Duk Hee Lee, Tae Soo Park, Yoon Ok Ahn, Hai Rim Shin, Duck Hwan Jeung
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J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1996;28(6):943-951.
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Abstract
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- This study was performed to develop the method which could collect completely the cancer cases in Pusan Cancer Registry(PCR). The definite goals were ¨c to see the feasibility and completeness of PCR connected with Central Cancer Registry Program(CCRP), by calculating omitting rates based on utilization rate of hospitals in Pusan and registered hospitals ¨e to evaluate the possibility of generalization to other cities-Taegu, Incheun, Kwangju, Taejeon. Data sources were CCRP and claims from the Korea Medical Insurance Corporation (KMIC). l) In case of using data of the registered and unregistered hospitals in each city, the expected omitting rates were 6.2%(CCRP)-8.5%(KMIC) in Pusan, 4.7% in Taegu, 42.7% in Incheun, 26.3% in Kwangju and 13.5% in Taejeon, respectively. They was suggested to be transferred to the hospitals in other areas from doctor's offices directly. 2) In case of using data of CCR, the expected omitting rates were 9.3% in Pusan, 3.1% in Taegu, 4.2% in Incheun, 5.4% in Kwangju and 0.9% in Taejeon, respectively. 3) In case of using both two data resources -CCR and the unregistered hospitals in each city- the expected omitting rates were 1.2% in Pusan, 1.5% in Taegu, 0.0% in Incheun, 1.2% in Kwangju and 0.0% in Taejeon, respectively. Almost all patients using only the hospital in other areas visited registered hospital which have attended CCR. We could ensure about 100% completeness, combining the CCR and an active surveillance at unregistered hospitals. This model could be one of the most efficient population-based cancer registry in Korea.
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Incidence Estimation of Primary Liver Cancer among Koreans@
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Yoon Ok Ahn, Byung Joo Park, Byung Joo Park, Hyo Suk Lee, Chung Yong Kim, Takao Shigematsu
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J Korean Cancer Assoc. 1989;21(2):241-249.
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- Medical records of the inpatients with diagnosis of either ICD-9 155, or 197, or 211 in the claims sent by medical care institutions to the Korea Medical Insurance Corporation(KMIC) during the period from January I, 1986 to December 31, 1987 were abstracted in order to identify and confirm the new cases of primary liver cancer (PLCA) among the beneficiaries of the KMIC. Using these data from the KMIC, the incidence of PLCA among Koreans was estimated as of July I, 1986 June 30, 1987. The crude rates are estimated to be 20 7 and 6.2 per 100,000 in male and female, respectively. And the cumulative rates for the age spans (I-64 and 0-74 in male are 2 55% and 3. 56%;, respectively. In female they are 0.53% and 0.91%. The adjusted rates for the world population are 30.5 in male and 7.6 in female, which are very similar to those of Osaka in Japan and of Shanghai in China. However, the truncated rates for the age group of 35-64 years old are 74. 8 in male and 15. 6 in female, which may be the highest in the world. Among Koreans in Korea increased risk of PLCA in the middle age is the notable finding. Etiologic implication of environmental exogenous factors on PLCA and need for further etiologic studies are mentioned.
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